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On Hydro Energy: Name of Team Members

The document discusses hydroelectricity or hydropower, which is electricity generated from water resources. It provides a brief introduction, history, and future potential of hydropower. It also discusses sizes, types, capacities, and properties including advantages and disadvantages of hydropower. The document concludes with a case study on major dams in India including their location, size, and power generation capacity.

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44 views11 pages

On Hydro Energy: Name of Team Members

The document discusses hydroelectricity or hydropower, which is electricity generated from water resources. It provides a brief introduction, history, and future potential of hydropower. It also discusses sizes, types, capacities, and properties including advantages and disadvantages of hydropower. The document concludes with a case study on major dams in India including their location, size, and power generation capacity.

Uploaded by

pramodsoni41
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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PPT ON HYDRO ENERGY

NAME OF TEAM MEMBERS


SANJU CHOUDARY
SATENDRA PATEL
SHREYANSH
SHIVANI
SOMUIL GUPTA
SPARSH TIWARI
SUMIT YADAV
SRIKAREE DUVVUYRI
SHAIRIL KANSAL
SHIVAM YADAV
TANIYA
Hydroelectricity
Contents
• Brief introduction
• History
• Potential in future
• Sizes, types and capacity
• Properties – Advantages and Disadvantages
• Case studies in India
Introduction
• Electricity produced from hydropower (kinetic energy of
water falling from a height).
• Asia Pacific generates 33% of global hydropower with
China leading others with production of 920 TWh energy
• A renewable source of energy with low costs
• No water is consumed in the process unlike coal plants
• It is a flexible source of energy as the production can be
adjusted rapidly according to the demand.
• No direct waste is generated and very low greenhouse
gases(GHG) are emitted
• But in lowland areas where the flora of the surrounding
is submerged, high amounts of GHG are emitted
History
• Since ancient times hydropower has been used to grind
flour and to do other tasks
• By the late 19th century, the electric generator was
developed and coupled with the hydraulics
• In 1878 the world’s first hydroelectric power scheme was
developed in England by William Armstrong to power a
single arc lamp in his art gallery.
• By 1940’s Hydro Power was a major contributer in energy
meet’s of people.
• As power stations became larger their dam’s developed
additional purposes like flood control, irrigation and
navigation.
Potential in future
• The % of potential hydropower capacity not yet developed is
71% in Europe, 75% in North America, 95% in Africa, 95% in
the Middle East and 82% in Asia-Pacific
• Reasons for its underdevelopment are :-
1. Political realities of new reservoirs in western countries
2. Economic limitations in the Third World
3. Lack of a transmission system in undeveloped areas
• Approx. 25% of remaining technically exploitable potential
can be developed before 2050, with the bulk of that being in
the Asia-Pacific area.
Sizes, types and capacities
• Large-scale hydroelectric power stations are more commonly seen as the
largest power producing facilities in the world
• Currently, only four facilities over 10 GW are in operation worldwide-
1.Three Gorges Dam, China
2. Itaipu Dam, Brazil
3.Xiluodu Dam, China
4.Guri Dam, Venezuela
• Small hydro is the development of hydroelectric power on a scale serving
a small community or industrial plant.
• An underground power station is generally used at large facilities and
makes use of a large natural height difference between two waterways,
such as a waterfall or mountain lake.
• Efficiency is often higher (that is, closer to 1) with larger and more modern
turbines
Properties
Advantages:
• Flexibility-It is a flexible source of electricity since stations can be
ramped up and down very quickly to adapt to changing energy
demands.
• Low cost/high value power-The major advantage of conventional
hydroelectric dams with reservoirs is their ability to store water at
low cost for dispatch later as high value clean electricity.
• Suitability for industrial applications-Dedicated hydroelectric
projects are often built to provide the substantial amounts of
electricity needed for aluminium electrolytic plants. As an example
New Zealand’s Manapouri Power Station was constructed to supply
electricity to the aluminium smelter at Tiwai Point.
• Reduced CO2 emissions
• Since hydroelectric dams do not use fuel, power generation does
not produce CO2 .
Disadvsantages-
• Ecosystem damage and loss of land- Large reservoirs result in
submersion of extensive areas upstream of the dams, sometimes
destroying biologically rich and productive lowland and riverine
valley forests, marshland and grasslands.
• Water loss by evaporation- Large amounts of losses occur due to
evaporation of water on the surface of dam reservoirs.
• Siltation and flow shortage- Siltation can fill a reservoir and reduce
its capacity to control floods along with causing additional
horizontal pressure on the upstream portion of the dam.
• Methane emissions (from reservoirs)-Lower positive impacts are
found in the tropical regions, as it has been noted that the
reservoirs of power plants in tropical regions produce substantial
amounts of methane.
• Relocation- Huge amounts of money is lost in relocating the local
people from the reservoir area, not to say inconvenience.
CASE STUDY ON DAMS IN INDIA
Our former Prime Minister Jawaharlal Nehru had called the dams
‘temples of Modern India’.

Without dams a country cannot nurture its resources so they are an


integral part of our system. India is a large country having lots of
dam some of the few area;-

Tehri dam – recently built Tehri Dam is constructed on


Bhagirathi River in Uttarakhand.

It is the highest dam in India having 261 meters of height and eighth
tallest in world. It’s first phase was completed in 2006 and the two
phases are still under completion. It has the capacity of installing
1,000 MW of electricity.
Bhakra Nangal Dam– this gravity is built across
river Satluj in Himachal Pradesh having height of 225
meters.

It has them second largest reservoir in India, under the


name ‘Gobind Sagar Lake’. It can generate 1325 MW of
electricity.

Sardar Sarovar dam– better known as ‘Narmada


Dam’ is the largest dam on holy river Narmada in Gujarat.

This gravity dam is built to support hydroelectricity of


strength 1450 MW of India namely Gujarat, Madhya
Pradesh, Maharashtra and Rajasthan. It is the second
largest concrete gravity dam on river Narmada.
Hirakund dam– across the river Mahanadi it is built in state
Orissa. It is 26 km in length hence is one of the largest dams in
India. It is 26 km in length hence Is one of the longest dams in
India.

It has two towers namely “Gandhi Minar” and “Nehru Minar”.


It has a big reservoir whose length is 55 km which supports
irrigation, power generation and flood control in that area.

Nagrjuna Sagar Dam– it is the world’s largest masonry


Dam built in 1967 with a height of 124 meters built across river
Krishna in Andhra Pradesh.

This dam has a reservoir in the form of a lake which is the


largest man-made lake in the world. It is a symbol of pride for
Indians. This 1.6 km long dam has 26 dam gates. Its power
generation capacity is 815.6 MW.

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