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Fundamentals of Nursing Practice-Rle A. Environmental Cleaning

This document provides information on environmental cleaning and damp dusting procedures in a healthcare setting. It discusses the importance of cleaning to reduce pathogens and prevent infections. It outlines general cleaning techniques including conducting visual assessments, cleaning from cleaner to dirtier areas and using top-to-bottom, systematic methods. High touch surfaces that require frequent cleaning are identified. Damp dusting procedures and equipment are also described to remove dust from non-upholstered surfaces in a healthcare facility. Proper body mechanics and techniques are emphasized to prevent injuries when performing cleaning and patient care tasks.

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879 views5 pages

Fundamentals of Nursing Practice-Rle A. Environmental Cleaning

This document provides information on environmental cleaning and damp dusting procedures in a healthcare setting. It discusses the importance of cleaning to reduce pathogens and prevent infections. It outlines general cleaning techniques including conducting visual assessments, cleaning from cleaner to dirtier areas and using top-to-bottom, systematic methods. High touch surfaces that require frequent cleaning are identified. Damp dusting procedures and equipment are also described to remove dust from non-upholstered surfaces in a healthcare facility. Proper body mechanics and techniques are emphasized to prevent injuries when performing cleaning and patient care tasks.

Uploaded by

Viea Pacaco Siva
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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FUNDAMENTALS OF NURSING PRACTICE-RLE

A. ENVIRONMENTAL CLEANING

*CLEANING-REFERS TO THE REMOVAL OF VISIBLE DIRT, DUST, AND DEBRIS.


-REDUCE CONTAMINATION AND PATHOGENS
-PREVENT INFECTION
*DUST CONTAINS SKIN SCALES AND MICROORGANISM.
*CLEANING PROCEDURES INCLUDES ON FREQUENCY, METHOD AND PROCESS THAT SHOULD BE
BASED ON THE RISK OF PATHOGENS TRANSMISSION.
-THIS RISK IS FUNCTION OF THE:
PROBABILITY OF CONTAMINATION- HEAVILY CONTAMINATED AREAS REQUIRE MORE FREQUENT
AND THOROUGH ENVIRONMENTAL CLEANING.
VULNERABILITY OF THE PATIENTS TO INFECTION- WITH VULNERABLE PATIENTS, AREAS
REQUIRED MORE FREQUENT AND RIGOROUS(METICULOUS, CAREFUL AND ATTENTIVE)
ENVIRONMENTAL CLEANING.
POTENTIAL TO EXPOSURE-HIGH TOUCH SURFACES REQUIRE MORE FREQUENT AND RIGOROUS
ENVI. CLEANING
CLEANING SCHEDULES INCLUDE:
Ø IDENTIFY A PERSON RESPONSIBLE IN THE MEAN TIME
Ø FREQUENCY, METHOD
Ø STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURES FOR ENVIRONMENTAL CLEANING OF SURFACES
AND NONCRITICAL EQUIPMENT

GENERAL ENVIRONMENTAL CLEANING TECHNIQUES


1. CONDUCT VISUAL PRELIMINARY SITE ASSESSMENT
-CHECK THE AREAS IF THERE’S VISIBLE DAMAGED THAT NEEDS FIXING, LACK OF
SUPPLIES AND DIRTS TO BE CLEANED.
2. PROCEED FROM CLEANER TO DIRTIER
-TO AVOID SPREADING OF DIRT AND MICROORGANISMS
-EXAMPLES=
l TERMINAL CLEANING-PRIMARILY CLEAN THE LOW TOUCH TO HIGH TOUCH SURFACES.
l PATIENT AREAS BEFORE CLEANING PATIENT’S TOILET
l SPECIFIED PATIENT ROOM= SHARED EQUIPMENT AND COMMON SURFACES----->ITEMS
TOUCHED DURING PATIENT CARE----->SURFACES AND ITEMS DIRECTLY TOUCHED BY
THE PATIENT.
l CLEAN FIRST THE NOT UNDER TRANSMISSION BASED TO TRANSMISSION BASED
PRECAUTIONS.
3. PROCEED FROM HIGH TO LOW(TOP TO BOTTOM)
4. PROCEED IN METHODICAL AND SYSTEMATIC MANNER
-SYTEMATIC MANNER FOR EXAMPLES ARE LEFT TO RIGHT/CLOCKWISE.
GENERAL SURFACE CLEANING PROCESS:
1. WET A FRESH CLEANING CLOTH WITH SOLUTION.
2. FOLD IN HALF(THE SIZE OF HAND, 8 SIDES) TO ENSURE YOU CAN USE ALL OF THE
SURFACE AREA.
3. WIPE SURFACES WITH THE GENERAL STRATEGIES STATED ABOVE.
4. REGULARLY ROTATE AND UNFOLD THE CLEANING CLOTH TO USE ALL SIDES.
5. IF ALL SIDES OF THE CLOTH ARE USED, DISPOSE OR STORE FOR REPROCESSING.
6. REPEAT PROCESS FROM STEP 1.

BEST PRACTICES FOR ENVIRONMENTAL CLEANING OF SURFACES:


1. SOILED CLOTHES SHOULD BE STORED FOR REPROCESSING.
2. CHANGE CLEANING CLOTHES BETWEEN EACH PATIENT ZONE
3. ENSURE THERE ARE ENOUGH CLEANING CLOTH
4. NEVER DOUBLE DIP CLEANING CLOTHS IN DIFFERENT LIQUID/SOLUTION
5. NEVER SHAKE MOP
6. NEVER LEAVE SOILED CLEANING CLOTHS IN BUCKETS.

HIGH TOUCH SURFACES INCLUDE:


ü BED RAILS
ü IV POLES
ü SINK HANDLES
ü BED SIDE TABLE
ü COUNTERS
ü EDGES OF PRIVACY CURTAINS
ü EQUIPMENT
ü CALL BELLS
ü DOORKNOB
ü LIGHT SWITCHES

B. DAMP DUSTING

ROUTINE CLEANING- STANDARD EVERYDAY PROCEDURE FOR CLEANING CLINICAL AREAS.


TERMINAL CLEANING- PERFORMED WHEN PATIENT WITH TRANSMISSIBLE DISEASE IS
DISCHARGED.
-Terminal cleaning is the thorough cleaning/disinfection of all surfaces including floors and re-useable equipment
either within the whole healthcare facility or within an individual ward/department/unit. This may be required in the
following circumstances: Following an outbreak or increased incidence of infection.
DAMP DUSTING- REMOVAL OF DUST IN NOT UPHOLSTERED( soft, padded covering.) HOSPITAL
FURNISHINGS.
DUST- POTENT SOURCE OF DISEASE BY DIRECT CONTACT WITH WOUND, EYES, NOSE THROAT,
INHALATION TO LUNGS OR CAN CONTAMINATE FOOD OR WATER.
-MAJOR PART OF NURSING CARE

TYPES OF DUSTING
1. LOW DUSTING- EASILY REACHED BY STANDING IN FLOOR, DONE DAILY
2. HIGH DUSTING- OVER WINDOWS, PIPES, WALL AND CEILING, NOT EASILY REACHED BY
AN AVERAGE PERSON.

RULES FOR CLEANING:


ü DRY DUSTING NOT ADVISABLE COZ IT MAY SPREAD MORE DISEASES.
ü DUSTING AFTER SWEEPING
ü USE A CLEAN AND DAMP DUSTER
ü COLLECT DUST AT ONE PLACE
ü DUSTING SHOULD BE DONE WITHOUT THE PARENTS ON BED.
ü DUSTING FORM TOP TO BOTTOM
ü WHILE DUSTING, DON’T EXPOSED PATIENTS WITH OPENED WOUND.
ü THERE SHOULD BE A DEFINITE TIME FOR DUSTING DAILY.

EQUIPMENT
ü TRAY WITH BASIN OF WATER
ü DUSTING CLOTH
ü LAUNDRY SOAP
ü BOTTLE OF MINERAL OIL
ü NEWSPAPER OF GLASSES
ü WHISK BROOM

ORDER OF DUSTING
l BEDS
l BEDSIDE TABLE
l CHAIRS
l WOOD WORKS
PROCEDURE OF DAMP DUSTING
i. ASSESSMENT
ii. PREPARATION- WEAR PPE, COLLECT AND BRING SUPPLIES
iii. IMPLEMENTATION
iv. UNVARNISHED FURNITURE- USUAL PROCEDURE
v. VARNISHED PROCEDURE- DON’T USE SOAP JUST USE DAMP CLOTH , FOLLOW DUSTING
WITH OILED CLOTH THEN WIPE.
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SESSION 2
A. BASIC BODY MECHANICS

MOVEMENT- COMPLEX PROCESS THAT REQUIRES COORDINATION BETWEEN


MUSCULOSKELETAL AND NERVOUS SYSTEM.
BODY MECHANICS- COORDINATED EFFORTS OF MUSCULOSKELETAL AND NERVOUS SYSTEM.
BODY ALIGNMENT AND POSTURE- POSITIONING OF THE JOINTS, TENDONS, LIGAMENTS AND
MUSCLES WHILE DOING A DAILY ACTIVITY OR POSITION.
BODY ALIGNMENT- INDIVIDUALS CENTER OF GRAVITY IS STABLE.

*DISEASE, INJURY, PAIN, PHYSICAL DEVELOPMENT AND LIFE CHANGES COMPROMISE THE
ABILITY TO REMAIN BALANCED.
WEIGHT- FORCE EXERTED ON THE BODY BY GRAVITY
*CENTERS OF GRAVITY ARE USUALLY 55% TO 57%
FRICTION- FORCE THAT OCCURS IN A DIRECTION TO OPPOSE MOVEMENT.
SHEAR- FORCE EXERTED AGAINST THE SKIN.
*BONES STORE CALCIUM AND RELEASE IT TO LIGAMENTS, TENDONS, CARTILAGE AND JOINTS.

PATHOLOGICAL INFLUNCES ON MOBILITY


1. POSTURAL ABNORMALITIES-
EXAMPLES:
TORTICOLLIS
LORDOSIS
KYPHOSIS
SCOLIOSIS
CONGENITAL HIP DYSPLASIA
KNOCK-KNEE (GENU VALGUM)
BOWLEGS (GENU VARUM)
CLUBFOOT
FOOTDROP
PIGEON TOES
2. MUSCLE ABNORMALITIES
3. DAMAGE TO CENTARL NERVOUS SYSTEM
4. DIRECT TRAUMA TO MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM

NORMAL MOVEMENT AND ALIGNMENT OR ELEMENTS OF BODY MECHANICS:

BODY ALIGNMENT OR POSTURE- GOOD POSTURE OR GOOD BODY ALIGNMENT IS THE


ALIGNMENT OF BODY PARTS THAT PERMITS OPTIMAL MUSCULOSKELETAL BALANCE AND
OPERATION AND PROMOTES HEALTHY PHYSIOLOGIC FUNCTIONING.
BALANCE
COORDINATED BODY MOVEMENT
POSTURAL REFLEXES- POSTURAL TONUS=SUTAINED CONTRACTION OF SELECT SKELETAL
MUSCLES THAT KEEPS BODY IN AN UPRIGHT POSITION.
1. LABYRINTHINE SENSE- SENSE OF POSITION AND MOVEMENT PROVIDED BY SENSORY
ORGAN OF INNER EAR.
2. PROPRIOCEPTOR OR KINESTHETIC SENSE- INFORMS THE BRAIN OF THE LOCATION OF
BODY PARTS.
3. VISUAL OR OPTIC REFLEXES- ALERT THE PERSON OF THE ENVIRONMENT.
4. EXTENSOR AND STRETCH REFLEXES-
BODY MECHANICS- APPLICATION OF MECHANICAL LAWS TO THE HUMAN BODY.
*IT IS IMPORTANT TO USE THE PRINCIPLE OF BODY MECHANICS TO PREVENT INJURY AND
SORE MUSCLES AND JOINTS.

SESSION 4

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