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Red Pocket Book Opitblast

The document defines various technical terms related to blasting such as burden, spacing, stemming, powder factor, flyrock, and velocity of detonation. It also includes equations for calculating factors like the amount of explosive needed per meter based on hole diameter and density. The terms and equations provide information on best practices for blasting operations identified from scientific data.

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Bassirou
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137 views18 pages

Red Pocket Book Opitblast

The document defines various technical terms related to blasting such as burden, spacing, stemming, powder factor, flyrock, and velocity of detonation. It also includes equations for calculating factors like the amount of explosive needed per meter based on hole diameter and density. The terms and equations provide information on best practices for blasting operations identified from scientific data.

Uploaded by

Bassirou
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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(EN) O-Pitblast assumes no responsibility for any physical injury or loss of material resulting from natural causes,

follow-up procedures in the recommendations presented here or for any physical injury or loss of material
resulting from forgetting any information here. The recommendations issued by O-Pitblast refer to the best
practices identified based on scientific data.
Free Face: the exposed surface in the
Back break: broken rock and damage vicinity of a shothole where the rock is
beyond the limits of the last row. free to move under the force of the
explosion.
Maximum Instantaneous Charge (MIC):
Bench: the horizontal surface in an mass of explosive that will be detonated
excavation or mining operation along in a defined time window, which is usually
which holes are drilled vertically. 8 milliseconds. Often used to ensure
reduced damage.
Misfire: Complete or partial failure of a
blasting charge to detonate as planned
Blast Area: the area that is expected to be
during a mine blast. Usually caused by bad
affected by flyrock, dust and toxic gases.
drilling control or bad control in the
connecting process.

Blast: the act of fragmenting and moving


Overbreak: excessive breakage or damage
rock material using explosives.
beyond the desired excavation limit.

Blasting vibration: the seismic


Powder factor: ratio between the
manifestation of the releasing of energy
explosive mass and the volume of rock to
during the blast in the ground,
be blasted.
atmosphere or underwater environments.
Pre-Split: controlled blasting technique in
which charges are fired in holes on the
Booster: explosive charge used to initiate
perimeter of the excavation prior to the
less sensitive explosive materials.
initiation of the rest of the blast in order
to preserve the slope.
Burden theoretical: unit of measurement
in meters that represents the distance Relative Weight Strength (RWS): energy
between different rows of holes and from per mass of explosive relative to ANFO.
the first row to the free face.

Critical diameter: minimum diameter that


Spacing: distance between holes in the
allows the explosive to have a stable
same row.
detonation.

Delay: the timing difference, at the


Stemming: superior portion of the hole,
predetermined time intervals, in the
not loaded with explosives and ideally
initiation of individual explosive decks,
filled with inert material, intended to
boreholes, or rows of boreholes using
confine the charge.
delay detonators.

Explosive: a chemical or set of chemicals Subdrilling: extra length of hole drilled


that can react to produce an explosion or below the target excavation level to
detonation. achieve the desired floor grade.

Velocity of Detonation (VoD): speed at


Flyrock: undesired flying of rock and/or
which the detonation front travels
debris when blasting is executed.
throught the explosive.

Fragmentation: fragment size distribution


of blasted rock material.
π

π ρ

D= S=
∝ =
H= T=
J= TE =
AWS =
L=
B=
π =
N=
BT =
BV = m3 PF = kg/m3 ρ = g/cm3

C= RBS = RWS =
H=
D=
kg/m3

D=
L=
S=
PF =

m2

D=
Lc =
B=
P=
K=
Q=
D=
PPV =
K=
Q=
D=
B=
•
×

•
×

× θ

θ=
L=
M=
B=
JH = Clearance distance for equipment = 2 x lmax
g= Clearance distance for personnel = 4 x lmax
× × ×

𝐗 𝐦 𝐨𝐫 𝐗 𝟓𝟎 =
A=
Q=
115 =
RWS =

×
×

R(x) =
X=
𝐗 𝐦 𝐨𝐫 𝐗 𝟓𝟎 =
n=

× × × × ×

n=
B= LB =
S= LC =
D= L=
W= H=
π x D2
Kg of Explosive per meter = xρ
4000

D=
𝛒= g/cm3
in3
ft 3 m3
cm3
m3 yd3 cm3 ft 3

ft 3 m3

cm3 m3 yd3

cm2 in2

m2 in2
ft 2 m2
𝛒 ν

𝛒= g/cm3
UCS =
E=
ν=

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