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STEEL MEMBER ANALYSIS & DESIGN (EN1993-1-1:2005)

In accordance with EN1993-1-1:2005 incorporating Corrigenda February 2006 and April 2009 and the UK national
annex
Tedds calculation version 4.4.08

ANALYSIS
Tedds calculation version 1.0.37

Geometry
Geometry (m) - Steel (EC3) - UB 457x191x82
Z
1 6 2
X
1

Span Length (m) Section Start Support End Support

1 6 UB 457x191x82 Pinned Pinned
UB 457x191x82: Area 104 cm2, Inertia Major 37051 cm4, Inertia Minor 1871 cm4, Shear area parallel to
Minor 46 cm2, Shear area parallel to Major = 55 cm2
Steel (EC3): Density 7850 kg/m3, Youngs 210 kN/mm2, Shear 80.8 kN/mm2, Thermal 0.000012 C-1
Loading
Self weight included

Imposed - Loading (kN/m)

10

10
X

Load combination factors

Self Weight

Permanent

Imposed

Load combination

1.35G + 1.5Q + 1.5RQ (Strength) 1.35 1.35 1.50

1.0G + 1.0Q + 1.0RQ (Service) 1.00 1.00 1.00
Member Loads
Member Load case Load Type Orientation Description
Beam Imposed UDL GlobalZ 10 kN/m
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Results
Forces
Strength combinations - Moment envelope (kNm)

72.4

Strength combinations - Shear envelope (kN)

48.3

-48.3

Service combinations - Deflection envelope (mm)

2.5

Partial factors - Section 6.1

Resistance of cross-sections; M0 = 1
Resistance of members to instability; M1 = 1
Resistance of tensile members to fracture; M2 = 1.1

Beam design
Section details
Section type; UB 457x191x82 (BS4-1)
Steel grade - EN 10025-2:2004; S355
Nominal thickness of element; tnom = max(tf, tw) = 16 mm
Nominal yield strength; fy = 355 N/mm2
Nominal ultimate tensile strength; fu = 470 N/mm2
Modulus of elasticity; E = 210000 N/mm2
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16
UB 457x191x82 (BS4-1)
Section depth, h, 460 mm
Section breadth, b, 191.3 mm
Mass of section, Mass, 82 kg/m
Flange thickness, tf, 16 mm
Web thickness, tw, 9.9 mm
Root radius, r, 10.2 mm
Area of section, A, 10448 mm 2
Radius of gyration about y-axis, i y, 188.314 mm
Radius of gyration about z-axis, i z, 42.315 mm
460

Elastic section modulus about y-axis, Wel.y, 1610928 mm 3

Elastic section modulus about z-axis, Wel.z, 195591 mm 3
Plastic section modulus about y-axis, Wpl.y, 1831284 mm 3
9.9 Plastic section modulus about z-axis, Wpl.z, 303898 mm 3
Second moment of area about y-axis, I y, 370513482 mm 4
Second moment of area about z-axis, I z, 18708282 mm 4
16

191.3

Lateral restraint
Both flanges have lateral restraint at supports only

Consider Combination 1 - 1.35G + 1.5Q + 1.5RQ (Strength)

Classification of cross sections - Section 5.5
 = [235 N/mm2 / fy] = 0.81

Internal compression parts subject to bending - Table 5.2 (sheet 1 of 3)

Width of section; c = d = 407.6 mm
c / tw = 41.2 = 50.6   <= 72  ; Class 1

Outstand flanges - Table 5.2 (sheet 2 of 3)

Width of section; c = (b - tw - 2  r) / 2 = 80.5 mm
c / tf = 5 = 6.2   <= 9  ; Class 1
Section is class 1

Check design at start of span

Check shear - Section 6.2.6
Height of web; hw = h - 2  tf = 428 mm;  = 1.000
hw / tw = 43.2 = 53.1   /  < 72   / 
Shear buckling resistance can be ignored
Design shear force; Vy,Ed = 48.3 kN
Shear area - cl 6.2.6(3); Av = max(A - 2  b  tf + (tw + 2  r)  tf,   hw  tw) = 4811 mm2
Design shear resistance - cl 6.2.6(2); Vc,y,Rd = Vpl,y,Rd = Av  (fy / (3)) / M0 = 986.1 kN
Vy,Ed / Vc,y,Rd = 0.049
PASS - Design shear resistance exceeds design shear force

Check design 3000 mm along span

Check bending moment - Section 6.2.5
Design bending moment; My,Ed = 72.4 kNm
Design bending resistance moment - eq 6.13; Mc,y,Rd = Mpl,y,Rd = W pl.y  fy / M0 = 650.1 kNm
My,Ed / Mc,y,Rd = 0.111
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PASS - Design bending resistance moment exceeds design bending moment

Slenderness ratio for lateral torsional buckling
Correction factor - Table 6.6; kc = 0.94
C1 = 1 / kc2 = 1.132
Poissons ratio;  = 0.3
Shear modulus; G = E / [2  (1 + )] = 80769 N/mm2
Unrestrained effective length; L = 1.0  Lm1_s1_seg1_T = 6000 mm
Elastic critical buckling moment; Mcr = C1  2  E  Iz / L2  (Iw / Iz + L2  G  It / (2  E  Iz)) = 387.8 kNm
Slenderness ratio for lateral torsional buckling; LT = (W pl.y  fy / Mcr) = 1.295
Limiting slenderness ratio; LT,0 = 0.4
LT >LT,0 - Lateral torsional buckling cannot be ignored
Check buckling resistance - Section 6.3.2.1
Buckling curve - Table 6.5; c
Imperfection factor - Table 6.3; LT = 0.49
Correction factor for rolled sections;  = 0.75
LTB reduction determination factor; LT = 0.5  [1 + LT  (LT -LT,0) +  LT2] = 1.348
LTB reduction factor - eq 6.57; LT = min(1 / [LT + (LT2 -  LT2)], 1, 1 /LT2) = 0.477
Modification factor; f = min(1 - 0.5  (1 - kc)  [1 - 2  (LT - 0.8)2], 1) = 0.985
Modified LTB reduction factor - eq 6.58; LT,mod = min(LT / f, 1, 1 / LT2) = 0.485
Design buckling resistance moment - eq 6.55; Mb,y,Rd = LT,mod  W pl.y  fy / M1 = 315 kNm
My,Ed / Mb,y,Rd = 0.23
PASS - Design buckling resistance moment exceeds design bending moment

Consider Combination 2 - 1.0G + 1.0Q + 1.0RQ (Service)

Check design 3000 mm along span

Check y-y axis deflection - Section 7.2.1
Maximum deflection; y = 2.5 mm
Allowable deflection; y,Allowable = Lm1_s1 / 360 = 16.7 mm
y / y,Allowable = 0.149
PASS - Allowable deflection exceeds design deflection