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Grade 6

This document provides an overview of computer basics, including the capabilities and limitations of computers, the elements and parts that make up a computer system, and descriptions of keyboards and mice. It states that a computer is an electronic machine that can store and process data to generate useful information. It explains that computers can perform calculations quickly, store large amounts of data, logically manipulate information, and communicate with users and other devices. However, it notes that computers are limited in that they cannot correct erroneous input, can only perform programmed instructions, and are subject to breakdowns. The document also outlines the hardware, software, and personnel components of a computer system and describes the CPU, storage and input/output devices. It provides details on the parts and

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178 views3 pages

Grade 6

This document provides an overview of computer basics, including the capabilities and limitations of computers, the elements and parts that make up a computer system, and descriptions of keyboards and mice. It states that a computer is an electronic machine that can store and process data to generate useful information. It explains that computers can perform calculations quickly, store large amounts of data, logically manipulate information, and communicate with users and other devices. However, it notes that computers are limited in that they cannot correct erroneous input, can only perform programmed instructions, and are subject to breakdowns. The document also outlines the hardware, software, and personnel components of a computer system and describes the CPU, storage and input/output devices. It provides details on the parts and

Uploaded by

avinmanzano
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as DOC, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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LESSON II COMPUTER BASIC

Computer is an automatic high speed electronic data processing and digital machine designed to
manipulate data and generate useful information.

CAPABILITIES OF A COMPUTER
 It is self-directing – this means that the user provides all the instructions to the computer
at the start and then later proceeds without any human intervention.
 Saves and retrieved information – it can store voluminous data and gives out the same
data when needed.
 Computes complex formulas and generate accurate data – it can process calculations at
high speed and produce fast and precise output.
 It performs logical operations – it is an efficient tool in analyzing and solving problems
that involve decisions. It can logically manipulate data with correct input and instructions
from the user.
 Communicates with the users and other machine – it can display error messages on the
screen about the user’s instructions or data thereby avoiding incorrect output or results.

LIMITATIONS OF COMPUTER
 It cannot correct erroneous input data – if mistakenly given incorrect data or instruction,
it does not have the ability to correct. A computer fed with wrong data will produce
wrong information or in computer term, GIGO (Garbage In, Garbage Out).
 It can only do what it is instructed or programmed to do – the computer executes and
follows only the set of instructions that has been given/entered by the user.
 It cannot generate information without any correct data or set of instructions entered by
the user.
 It is subject to occasional breakdown – like any other machines, a computer malfunction
due to worn out components such as cards, storage devices and others.

ELEMENTS OF COMPUTER SYSTEM


1. HARDWARE – computer itself and all of its physical parts.
2. SOFTWARE – refers to instructions or programs that control the functionality of
computer
3. PEOPLEWARE – refers to personnel or computer users

PARTS OF A COMPUTER
 INPUT DEVICES – tools from which the computer can accept data for processing.
o Keyboard, mouse, scanner, joystick, microphone
 CPU – silicon chip that process data and programs. It is also called “the brain of
computer”
 STORAGE DEVICES- stores data temporarily or permanent.
o CD, Floppy disk, Hard disk, Flash disk
 OUTPUT DEVICES – translate processed data into human readable form.
o Monitor, Printer, Speaker

1
PARTS OF A CPU
 Arithmetic Logic Unit (ALU) – is where the math operations, logical comparison and
operational decisions are performed. These also inclue comparing, sorting and
rearranging of data
 Control Unit (CU) – directs the flow of data and instructions to the various components
of computer.
 Main Memory – is the storage unit that holds and manages all data processed by
computer.

KEYBOARD

PARTS OF A KEYBOARD
 Alphanumeric Keypad – allows the user to type letters, numbers and punctuation marks.
 Numeric keypad – located at the right side of the keyboard. Enables the user to enter
large amount of numeric data efficiently.
 Cursor key – allows the user to move the cursor up, down, left and right.
 Function key – include Esc, F1 – F12, Print screen, scroll, Pause/break. These keys have
special functions in most software application.

SPECIAL KEYS
 Shift Keys - press together with any letter you want to type in uppercase
 Caps Lock key – press to type all character in uppercase
 Spacebar – use to enter space between character or word.
 Enter Key – use to move a word or sentence to the next line.
 Backspace key – is used to erase a character to the left of the cursor.
 Delete key – used to erase a character to the right of the cursor
 Home key – pressed to move the cursor to the beginning of the line
 End key – pressed to move the cursor to the end of the line.
 Page Up – is used to move to the previous page/s or screen/s in a document
 Page Down – is used to move to the next page/s or screen/s in a document.

USAGE OF A KEYBOARD
1. Designed for input of data
2. Control operations of computer
3. Mainly used to enter text into word processor or text editors.
4. Used to type commands in a computer
5. Used to control some computer games.

MOUSE

MOUSE ACTIONS
 Point – position the mouse pointer over an item or area
 Click – Press and release LEFT button
 Right Click – press and release RIGHT button
 Double Click – press Click two times in rapid succession
 Drag – press LEFT button and move the mouse to desired location.
 Right Drag – use RIGHT button in dragging
 Drag and Drop – Perform drag then release the button.
2
MOUSE POINTERS
 Normal Select – Click on something
 Help select – point at an object and you get pop up help message
 Working in background – Wait
 Busy – windows is working in your most recent command
 Precision Select- select an area for your graphics
 Text Select – where you want your text to appear
 Unavailable – currently unavailable
 Resizing – move your mouse in the direction to shrink or grow
 Move – drag the currently selected object to a new position
 Link Select – select hypertext.

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