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Tutorial 1

This document contains 8 questions about optical fiber communication concepts including: 1) Determining the normalized frequency and number of propagating modes in a step index fiber. 2) Calculating the core size and cladding index needed for a step index fiber with given V and NA parameters. 3) Computing the number of modes in a graded index fiber and comparing to a step index fiber. 4) Estimating the numerical aperture of a graded index fiber with different index profiles. 5) Estimating the number of guided modes in a graded index fiber given its parameters. 6) Calculating the maximum core diameter for single mode operation in different fibers. 7) Estimating the maximum possible core diameter for single mode

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Anand Raj
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73 views5 pages

Tutorial 1

This document contains 8 questions about optical fiber communication concepts including: 1) Determining the normalized frequency and number of propagating modes in a step index fiber. 2) Calculating the core size and cladding index needed for a step index fiber with given V and NA parameters. 3) Computing the number of modes in a graded index fiber and comparing to a step index fiber. 4) Estimating the numerical aperture of a graded index fiber with different index profiles. 5) Estimating the number of guided modes in a graded index fiber given its parameters. 6) Calculating the maximum core diameter for single mode operation in different fibers. 7) Estimating the maximum possible core diameter for single mode

Uploaded by

Anand Raj
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ECE 307 Optical Communication

C.Jaiseeli
Assistant Professor/ECE/SEEE
SASTRA Deemed to be University
1. Determine the normalized frequency at 820 nm of a step index fiber having
a 25 µm core radius, n1 = 1.48 and n2 = 1.46.
a. How many modes propagate in this fiber?
b. What percent of the optical power flows in the cladding?

2. A manufacturer wishes to make a silica-core, step-index fiber with V= 75


and a numerical aperture NA= 0.30 to be used at 820 nm. If n1= 1.458,
what should the core size and the cladding index be?

3. Calculate the number of modes at 820 nm and 1.3 μm in a graded-index


fiber having a parabolic index profile (α= 2), a 25-μm core radius,
n1 = 1.48, and n2= 1.46. How does this compare to a step index fiber?
4. The relative refractive index difference between the core axis and the
cladding of a multi-mode graded index fiber is 0.7% when the refractive index
at the core axis is 1.45. Estimate the values for the numerical aperture of the
fiber when: (i) the index profile is not taken into account, and (ii) the index
profile is assumed to be triangular. Comment on the results.

5. A graded index fiber has a core with a parabolic refractive index profile
which has a diameter of 50 μm .The fiber has a numerical aperture of
0.2.Estimate the total number of guided modes propagating in the fiber when
it is operating at a wavelength of 1 μm .

6. Estimate the maximum core diameter for an single mode optical fiber with
the relative refractive index difference 1.5% and core refractive index 1.48.It
may be assumed that the fiber is operating at wavelength 0.85 μm. Estimate
the new maximum core diameter for single mode operation when relative
refractive index difference is reduced by a factor of 10.
7.A graded-index fiber with a parabolic refractive index profile core has a
refractive index at a core axis of 1.5 and a relative refractive index difference
of 1%.Estimate the maximum possible core diameter which allows single
mode operation at a wavelength of 1.3 μm.

8.Determine the cutoff wavelength for a step index fiber to exhibit single
mode operation when the core refractive index 1.46 and radius 4.5 μm with
relative refractive index difference being 0.25%.
References

 John M. Senior. Optical Fiber Communication: Principles and Practice, 3rd


Edition, Prentice Hall India, 2009
 Gerd Keiser. Optic Fiber Communication, 5th Edition, Tata McGraw Hill,
2017

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