Scribd
Upload
109 views8 pages

Real Number System

The document discusses the five subsets of real numbers: 1) The set of natural or counting numbers contains the positive integers starting from 1. 2) The set of whole numbers includes all natural numbers and zero. 3) The set of integers includes all whole numbers and their opposites. 4) The set of rational numbers includes numbers that can be written as fractions. 5) The set of irrational numbers includes numbers that cannot be written as ratios of integers, like pi.

Uploaded by

joelyn Mandagway
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
109 views8 pages

Real Number System

The document discusses the five subsets of real numbers: 1) The set of natural or counting numbers contains the positive integers starting from 1. 2) The set of whole numbers includes all natural numbers and zero. 3) The set of integers includes all whole numbers and their opposites. 4) The set of rational numbers includes numbers that can be written as fractions. 5) The set of irrational numbers includes numbers that cannot be written as ratios of integers, like pi.

Uploaded by

joelyn Mandagway
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 8

All the numbers mentioned in this lesson belong to the set of Real numbers.

The set
of real numbers is denoted by the symbol R. There are five subsets within the set of
real numbers. Let’s go over each one of them.

Five (5) Subsets of Real Numbers


1) The Set of Natural or Counting Numbers
 The set of the natural numbers (also known as counting numbers) contains the
elements

The ellipsis “…” signifies that the numbers go on forever in that pattern.
LATEST VIDEOS
0 seconds of 2 minutes, 42 secondsVolume 0%
 

2) The Set of Whole Numbers


 The set of whole numbers includes all the elements of the natural numbers plus the
number zero (0).

The slight addition of the element zero to the set of natural numbers generates the
new set of whole numbers. Simple as that!

3) The Set of Integers


The set of integers includes all the elements of the set of whole numbers and the
opposites or “negatives” of all the elements of the set of counting numbers.

4) The Set of Rational Numbers


 The set of rational numbers includes all numbers that can be written as a fraction or
as a ratio of integers. However, the denominator cannot be equal to zero.
A rational number may also appear in the form of a decimal. If a decimal number is
repeating or terminating, it can be written as a fraction, therefore, it must be a rational
number.
Examples of terminating decimals:

Examples of repeating decimals:

5) The Set of Irrational Numbers


The set of irrational numbers can be described in many ways. These are the
common ones.
 Irrational numbers are numbers that cannot be written as a ratio of two
integers. This description is exactly the opposite of that of rational numbers.
 Irrational numbers are the leftover numbers after all rational numbers are
removed from the set of the real numbers. You may think of it as,
irrational numbers = real numbers “minus” rational numbers
 Irrational numbers if written in decimal forms don’t terminate and don’t repeat.
There’s really no standard symbol to represent the set of irrational numbers. But you
may encounter the one below.
Examples:
a) Pi

b) Euler’s number

c) The square root of 2

Here’s a quick diagram that can help you classify real numbers.

Practice Problems on How to Classify Real Numbers


Example 1: Tell if the statement is true or false.  Every whole number is a natural
number.
Solution: The set of whole numbers includes all natural or counting numbers and the
number zero (0). Since zero is a whole number that is NOT a natural number,
therefore the statement is FALSE.

Example 2: Tell if the statement is true or false.  All integers are whole numbers.
Solution: The number -1 is an integer that is NOT a whole number. This makes the
statement FALSE.

Example 3: Tell if the statement is true or false. The number zero (0) is a rational
number.
Solution: The number zero can be written as a ratio of two integers, thus it is indeed
a rational number. This statement is TRUE.

Example 4: Name the set or sets of numbers to which each real number belongs.
Explain your answer.
1) 77
It belongs to the sets of natural numbers, {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, …}. It is a whole number
because the set of whole numbers includes the natural numbers plus zero. It is an
integer since it is both a natural and a whole number. Finally, since 7 can be written
as a fraction with a denominator of 1, 7/1, then it is also a rational number.
2) 00
This is not a natural number because it cannot be found in the set {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, …}.
This is definitely a whole number, an integer, and a rational number. It is rational
since 0 can be expressed as fractions such as 0/3, 0/16, and 0/45.
3) 0.3\overline {18}0.318
This number obviously doesn’t belong to the set of natural numbers, set of whole
numbers, and set of integers. Observe that 18 is repeating, and so this is a rational
number. In fact, we can write it as a ratio of two integers.

4) \sqrt 55
This is not a rational number because it is not possible to write it as a fraction. If we
evaluate it, the square root of 5 will have a decimal value that is non-terminating and
non-repeating. This makes it an irrational number.

Five (5) Subsets of Real Numbers


1) The Set of Natural or Counting Numbers
 The set of the natural numbers (also known as counting numbers) contains the
elements
2) The Set of Whole Numbers
 The set of whole numbers includes all the elements of the natural numbers plus the
number zero (0).
3) The Set of Integers
The set of integers includes all the elements of the set of whole numbers and the
opposites or “negatives” of all the elements of the set of counting numbers.
4) The Set of Rational Numbers
 The set of rational numbers includes all numbers that can be written as a fraction or
as a ratio of integers. However, the denominator cannot be equal to zero.
A rational number may also appear in the form of a decimal. If a decimal number is
repeating or terminating, it can be written as a fraction, therefore, it must be a rational
number.
Examples of terminating decimals:

Examples of repeating decimals:

5) The Set of Irrational Numbers


The set of irrational numbers can be described in many ways. These are the
common ones.

 Irrational numbers are numbers that cannot be written as a ratio of two


integers. This description is exactly the opposite of that of rational numbers.
 Irrational numbers are the leftover numbers after all rational numbers are
removed from the set of the real numbers. You may think of it as,
irrational numbers = real numbers “minus” rational numbers
 Irrational numbers if written in decimal forms don’t terminate and don’t repeat.
There’s really no standard symbol to represent the set of irrational numbers. But you
may encounter the one below.

a) Pi

b) Euler’s number

c) The square root of 2

Here’s a quick diagram that can help you classify real numbers.
Practice Problems on How to Classify Real Numbers
Example 1: Tell if the statement is true or false.  Every whole number is a natural
number.
Solution: The set of whole numbers includes all natural or counting numbers and the
number zero (0). Since zero is a whole number that is NOT a natural number,
therefore the statement is FALSE.

Example 2: Tell if the statement is true or false.  All integers are whole numbers.
Solution: The number -1 is an integer that is NOT a whole number. This makes the
statement FALSE.

Example 3: Tell if the statement is true or false. The number zero (0) is a rational
number.
Solution: The number zero can be written as a ratio of two integers, thus it is indeed
a rational number. This statement is TRUE.
Example 4: Name the set or sets of numbers to which each real number belongs.
1) 77
It belongs to the sets of natural numbers, {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, …}. It is a whole number
because the set of whole numbers includes the natural numbers plus zero. It is an
integer since it is both a natural and a whole number. Finally, since 7 can be written
as a fraction with a denominator of 1, 7/1, then it is also a rational number.
2) 00
This is not a natural number because it cannot be found in the set {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, …}.
This is definitely a whole number, an integer, and a rational number. It is rational
since 0 can be expressed as fractions such as 0/3, 0/16, and 0/45.
3) 0.3\overline {18}0.318
This number obviously doesn’t belong to the set of natural numbers, set of whole
numbers, and set of integers. Observe that 18 is repeating, and so this is a rational
number. In fact, we can write it as a ratio of two integers.

4) \sqrt 55
This is not a rational number because it is not possible to write it as a fraction. If we
evaluate it, the square root of 5 will have a decimal value that is non-terminating and
non-repeating. This makes it an irrational number.

You might also like

pFad - Phonifier reborn

Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.

Note: This service is not intended for secure transactions such as banking, social media, email, or purchasing. Use at your own risk. We assume no liability whatsoever for broken pages.


Alternative Proxies:

Alternative Proxy

pFad Proxy

pFad v3 Proxy

pFad v4 Proxy