INFINITIV

SPANISH E GERUND PAST PAST PARTICIPLE

1 Contestar To answer answering answered answered
2 Arrestar To arrest arresting arrested arrested
3 Preguntar / Pedir To ask asking asked asked
4 Assistir To attend attending attended attended
5 Creer To believe believing believed believed
6 Pertenecer To belong belonging belonged belonged
7 Bendecir To bless blessing blessed blessed
8 Respirar To breathe breathing breathed breathed
9 Cepillar To brush brushing brushed brushed
1
0 Quemar To burn burning burned burned
1
1 Llamar To call calling called called
1
2 Cuidar To care caring cared Cared
1
3 Llevar (cargar) To carry carrying carried carried
1
4 Cambiar To change changing changed changed
1
5 Limpiar To clean cleaning cleaned cleaned
1
6 Cerrar To close closing closed closed
1
7 Cocinar To cook cooking cooked cooked
1
8 Contar To count counting counted counted
1
9 Cubrir To cover covering covered covered
2
0 Cruzar To cross crossing crossed crossed
2
1 Llorar To cry crying cried Cried
2
2 Bailar To dance dancing danced danced
2
3 Merecer To deserve deserving deserved deserved
2
4 Desear To desire desiring desired desired
2
5 Descubrir To discover discovering discovered discovered
2
6 Soñar To dream dreaming dreamed dreamed
2
7 Secar To dry drying dried Dried
2
8 Ganar To earn earning earned earned
2
9 Emplear To employ employing employed employed
3
0 Disfrutar To enjoy enjoying enjoyed enjoyed
3
1 Llenar To fill filling filled Filled
3
2 Terminar To finish finishing finished finished
3
3 Pescar To fish fishing fished Fished
3
4 Seguir To follow following followed followed
3
5 Suceder To happen happening happened happened
3
6 Odiar To hate hating hated Hated
3
7 Esperar (esperanza) To hope hoping hoped hoped
3
8 Cazar To hunt hunting hunted hunted
3
9 Mejorar To improve improving improved improved
4
0 Introducir To introduce introducing introduced introduced
4
1 Unir To join joining joined Joined
4
2 Matar To kill killing killed Killed
4
3 Besar To kiss kissing kissed Kissed
4
4 Reir To laugh laughing laughed laughed
4
5 Aprender To learn learning learned learned
4
6 Escuchar To listen listening listened listened
4
7 Vivir To live living lived Lived
4
8 Ver To look looking looked looked
4
9 Amar To love loving loved Loved
5
0 Mezclar To mix mixing mixed Mixed
5
1 Necesitar To need needing needed needed
5
2 Obtener To obtain obtaining obtained obtained
5
3 Ofrecer To offer offering offered offered
5
4 Abrir To open opening opened opened
5
5 Ordenar To order ordering ordered ordered
5
6 Pintar To paint painting painted painted
5
7 Pasar To pass passing passed passed
5
8 Colocar To place placing placed placed
5
9 Jugar To play playing played played
6
0 Producir To produce producing produced produced
6
1 Estirar To pull pulling pulled Pulled
6
2 Empujar To push pushing pushed pushed
6
3 Llover To rain raining rained rained
6
4 Levantar To raise raising raised Raised
6 To
5 Recordar remember remembering remembered remembered
6
6 Repetir To repeat repeating repeated repeated
6
7 Descansar To rest resting rested rested
6
8 Servir To serve serving served served
6
9 Sonreir To smile smiling smiled smiled
7
0 Estudiar To study studying studied studied
7
1 Hablar To talk talking talked Talked
7
2 Esperar To wait waiting waited waited
7
3 Querer To want wanting wanted wanted
7
4 Lavar To wash washing washed washed
7
5 Trabajar To work working worked worked

IRREGULAR VERBS
INFINITIV PAST
SPANISH E GERUND PAST PARTICIPLE
1 Levantarse To arise arising Arose arisen
2 Despertar To awake awaking Awoke awoke / awaken
3 Batir / Golpear To beat beating Beat beat
4 Llegar a ser / Convertirse To become becoming Became become
5 Empezar To begin beginning Began begun
6 Apostar To bet betting Bet bet
7 Morder To bite biting Bit bit / BITTEN
8 Soplar To blow blowing Blew blown
Romper / Quebrar /
9 Descomponer To break breaking Broke broken
1
0 Traer To bring bringing brought brought
1
1 Construir To build building Built built
1
2 Comprar To buy buying Bought bought
1
3 Atrapar To catch catching Caught caught
1
4 Escoger To choose choosing Chose chosen
1
5 Venir To come coming Came come
1
6 Costar To cost costing Cost cost
1
7 Hacer To do doing Did done
1
8 Beber To drink drinking Drank drunk
1
9 Conducir To drive driving Drove driven
2
0 Comer To eat eating Ate eaten
2
1 Caer To fall falling Fell fallen
2
2 Alimentar To feed feeding Fed fed
2
3 Sentir To feel feeling Felt felt
2
4 Pelear To fight fighting Fought fought
2
5 Encontrar To find finding Found found
2
6 Olvidar To forget forgetting Forgot forgotten
2
7 Perdonar To forgive forgiving Forgave forgiven
2
8 Obtener To get getting Got got / gotten
2
9 Dar To give giving Gave given
3
0 Ir To go going Went gone
3
1 Crecer To grow growing Grew grown
3
2 Colgar To hang hanging Hung hung
3
3 Tener To have having Had had
3
4 Oir To hear hearing heard heard
3
5 Esconder To hide hiding hid hidden
3
6 Golpear To hit hitting hit hit
3
7 Sostener To hold holding held held
3
8 Mantener / Guardar To keep keeping kept kept
3
9 Conocer / Saber To know knowing knew known
4
0 Partir (irse) To leave leaving left left
4
1 Prestar To lend lending lent lent
4
2 Permitir To let letting let let
4
3 Perder To lose losing lost lost
4
4 Hacer To make making made made
4
5 Significar To mean meaning meant meant
4
6 Encontrarse con / Reunirse con To meet meeting met met
4
7 Pagar To pay paying paid paid
4
8 Leer To read reading read read
4
9 Montar To ride riding rode ridden
5
0 Timbrar To ring ringing rang rung
5
1 Correr To run running ran run
5
2 Decir To say saying said said
5
3 Ver To see seeing saw seen
5
4 Vender To sell selling sold sold
5
5 Enviar To send sending sent sent
5
6 Agitar To shake shaking Shook shaken
5
7 Rasurar To shave shaving shaved shaved / shaven
5
8 Mostrar To show showing showed showed / shown
5
9 Cantar To sing singing sang sung
6
0 Sentarse To sit sitting sat sat
6
1 Dormir To sleep sleeping slept slept
6
2 Hablar To speak speaking spoke spoken
6
3 Gastar To spend spending spent spent
6
4 Robar To steal stealing stole stolen
6
5 Golpear To strike striking stroke stroke
6
6 Nadar To swim swimming swam swum
6
7 Llevar / Tomar To take taking took taken
6
8 Enseñar (dar clase) To teach teaching taught taught
6
9 Decir To tell telling told told
7
0 Pensar To think thinking thought thought
7
1 Tirar / Arrojar To throw throwing threw thrown
7 understandin understoo
2 Entender To understand g d understood
7
3 Mojar To wet wetting wet wet
7
4 Ganar To win winning won won
7
5 Dar cuerda To wind winding wound wound
Simple Past Perfect
Usamos el pasado perfecto simple cuando hablamos de una secuencia de
eventos en el pasado y con este destacar el que ocurrió primero. Digamos
que es el más lejano de los tiempos en el pasado.

Sujeto + Verbo auxiliar “HAD” + Participio pasado

Ejemplo: “When he got to the station, his train had already left“

Podemos identificar el Pasado perfecto Simple cuando:

 Usamos expresiones como; “when”, “as soon as”, “after”, “before”, etc.

Ejemplo: “He started driving before I had fastened my seatbelt”

 Usamos adverbios de tiempo como; “already”, “just”, “never”

Ejemplo: “I had never eaten steak and fish and chips until I came to England.”

Past Perfect Continuous

El pasado perfecto continuo es usado cuando hablamos de un primer acto en el pasado

el cual empieza antes que un otro tiempo simple.

Sujeto + Verbo auxiliar “HAD” + Participio pasado “BEEN“+ Verbo-ing.

Ejemplo:  “My friend needed a walk because he had been sitting down the whole day”

Podemos identificar el Pasado Perfecto Continuo cuando:

 La frase se enfoca en la duración de la acción: “all day, “the whole week”, “during
three hours”, etc.

Ejemplo: “I had been sleeping all day that I didn’t realize you were here.”

 Se especifica la duración de la acción hasta el momento de la que está en

pasado simple.

Ejemplo: “He had been playing for Manchester for only three games when we scored
his first goal.”

Simple past

Para hablar de acciones que empezaron y acabaron en un momento concreto en el

pasado utilizamos el pasado simple

Verbo regular -ed.
*Importante* El pasado simple de los verbos irregulares tienen una estructura
diferente, puedes consultar la lista aquí.

Ejemplo: “I visited Romania with my mum and dad”

Podemos identificar el Pasado Simple cuando hablamos de:

 Acciones finalizadas en el pasado

Ejemplo: “I went home after the party ”

 Acciones en el pasado que ocurrieron después de otra.

Ejemplo: “I had a shower, then I went to sleep”

 Acciones que ocurrieron hace mucho tiempo en el pasado.

Ejemplo: ” We were together for three years from 2002 to 2005″

Past Continuous
El pasado continuo se utiliza para hablar de una acción que ocurrio y sé desarrolló en
el pasado, pero no está determinada en el tiempo

Sujeto + Verbo auxiliar en pasado (was/were) + verbo-ing.

Ejemplo: “I was studying when you called me”

Podemos identificar el Pasado Continuo cuando hablamos de:

 Una actividad que empezó en el pasado y continuó hasta que sucedió otra
acción.

Ejemplo: “I was doing my homework when the phone rang”

 Una actividad que empezó en el pasado y continuó después de que sucediera

otra acción.

Ejemplo: “I was watching the news when mum came back”

Used to 

Used to 

Used to es un verbo modal que se utiliza para acciones que se realizan más de una vez
en el pasado o que se realizaban regularmente. La traducción más parecida al
castellano es “solía”.

Sujeto + used to + verbo en infinitivo

Ejemplo: “She used to visit London every summer“

Podemos usar “used to” cuando:

  Hablamos de declaraciones que eran ciertas en el pasado pero ya no lo son en
el presente.

Ejemplo: “My mother used to teach English now she is retired.”

 Nos referimos a actividades que ocurrían regularmente en el pasado:

Ejemplo: “I used to run every morning when I move here.”

 Tiempos del Presente 

Present perfect
Usamos el presente perfecto simple para referirnos a eventos en el pasado pero que se
conectan con el presente.

Sujeto + verbo auxiliar “HAVE/HAS” + verbo en participio

Ejemplo: “She has arrived in London this morning”

Podemos usar el Presente Perfecto en inglés cuando:

 La acción tiene un resultado en el presente

Ejemplo: “He has twisted his ankle, so cannot play today”

Present perfect continuous

El presente perfecto continuo se usa para hablar sobre una actividad ya finalizada en el
pasado reciente.

Sujeto + verbo auxiliar “HAVE/HAS” + BEEN + Verbo-ing

Ejemplo: “She has been visiting many cities in Europe this summer”

Podemos usar el presente perfecto continuo en inglés cuando:

 La acción empezó en el pasado y continúa en el presente

Ejemplo: “He has been building an extension to our house and we haven’t finished

yet”

Simple present
Usamos el presente simple para hablar de hechos generales que son verdaderos y
permanentes en el mundo.

Sujeto+ Verbo/ Verbo-s (3º persona del singular)

Ejemplo: “I play basketball every Sunday morning” / “She likes living in Europe”

Present continuous
Usamos el presente continuo para habalr de eventos los cuales están en progreso en el
momento que se habla.

Sujeto + to be + verbo-ing

Ejemplo: “Mel is watching TV in this bedroom.”

*Importante*
Hay ciertos verbos que nos describen acciones si no estados, son los llamados
los state verbs los cuales NO se pueden usar en la forma continua. Estos
describen:

believe, know, remeber, think (cuando significa creer), feel,

Pensamientos:
suppose, etc.

Sentimientos: love, like, hate, want, prefer, etc.

Sentidos: hear, see, feel, touch, smell, taste

Posesión: have, belong, own, etc.

Tiempos del Futuro

Going to (Will / Shall)

Usamos la construcción verbal “going to” cuando nos referimos a eventos que ocurrirán
en tu tiempo cercano en el futuro o que tienen gran relevancia en el presente.

Sujeto + verbo to be + going to + verbo en infinitivo.

Ejemplo: I’m going to leave your jacket in here, ok?

Podemos usar “going to” cuando:

 Nos referimos a intenciones o planes a corto plazo

Ejemplo: “We are going to have lunch together, would you like to come?”

 Hacemos predicciones del furuo en base a hechos del presente:

Ejemplo: “It’s going to rain tomorrow, I have just seen the forecast.”

Simple Future (Will / Shall)

Usamos Will y Shall para hacer predicciones y para establecer hechos en el futuro.

Sujeto + Will/Shall + verbo en infinitivo

Ejemplo: “She won’t work with us “

Future continuous
Usamos el futuro continuo para referirnos a acciones temporales y eventos
que estarán en progreso en un tiempo en concreto en el futuro.

Sujeto + Will/Shall + to be +  verbo-ing.

Ejemplo: “She will be planning her wedding at that time”

Future Perfect Simple

Usamos el futuro perfecto cuando miramos hacia atrás en el pasado desde un contexto
en el futuro.

Sujeto + Will + to have +  verbo en participio.

Ejemplo: “I will have finished my exams by 3rd June”

Future Perfect Continuous

Usamos el futuro perfecto continuo cuando miramos hacia atrás en el pasado desde un
punto en el futuro, pero además queremos enfatizar la duración de la actividad o
evento.

Sujeto + Will/Shall + to have + been +  verbo-ing.

Ejemplo: “I will have been working for almost a year in this company.”
1. The project protective rubbers was implemented in by team nine.
2. The schedule of activities was elaborated by Zeydi.
3. The chapter economic indicator has been written by Zeydi.
4. The idea was thought because fancy earrings cause irritations ears by the
persons.