CAMBRIDGE LOWER SECONDARY SCIENCE 7: UNIT 6: EARTH PHYSICS

Name ___________________________________ Date _____________

Worksheet: 6.2A
Echoes
1 A long spring is stretched out across the floor. One end of the spring is attached to a wall. Sofia is
holding the other end of the spring in front of her.
Describe how Sofia should move the spring to model a sound wave. You can write your answer or
draw a diagram if you prefer.

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2 Zara is in a place with mountains. Zara claps her hands and hears an echo.
a Describe what the word ‘echo’ means.

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b Describe what the echo sounds like.

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3 Dolphins can use echoes to locate food. Dolphins eat fish.
The diagram shows a dolphin and a fish. Complete the diagram to show the path of the sound wave as
it travels from the dolphin to the fish and back to the dolphin.

Use straight lines for the path of the sound wave.

Cambridge Lower Secondary Science 7 – Mary Jones, Diane Fellowes-Freeman and Michael Smyth © Cambridge University Press 2021 1
 CAMBRIDGE LOWER SECONDARY SCIENCE 7: UNIT 6: EARTH PHYSICS

Name ___________________________________ Date _____________

Worksheet: 6.2B
Echoes
Clues for questions 1–3 in Worksheet 6.2A.
1 There are two ways to make a wave in a spring:
• Sofia can move the end of the spring from side to side.
• Sofia can push and pull the end of the spring backwards and forwards.
Which one of these will make the spring move like a sound wave?
2 a An echo is produced when a sound wave comes back off an object. What is this called?
b What will Zara hear? Will the sound be the same as the original sound?
3 Sound travels in straight lines, but you need to put arrows on the lines to show the direction in which
the sound is travelling.

Cambridge Lower Secondary Science 7 – Mary Jones, Diane Fellowes-Freeman and Michael Smyth © Cambridge University Press 2021 2
 CAMBRIDGE LOWER SECONDARY SCIENCE 7: UNIT 6: EARTH PHYSICS

Name ___________________________________ Date _____________

Worksheet: 6.2C
Echoes
1 A ship uses sound echoes to find the depth of the water. The ship is in water that is 750 m deep.

A sound is sent from the ship to the bottom of the water. The sound echoes off the bottom of the water
and comes back to the ship.
The sound takes 1.0 seconds to go from the ship to the bottom of the water and back to the ship.
a Calculate the speed of the sound in the water.
distance
Use the equation speed =
time

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 CAMBRIDGE LOWER SECONDARY SCIENCE 7: UNIT 6: EARTH PHYSICS

b The speed of sound in water is faster than the speed of sound in air.
Use ideas about particles in liquids and gases to explain the difference in speed.
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 CAMBRIDGE LOWER SECONDARY SCIENCE 7: UNIT 6: EARTH PHYSICS

Name ___________________________________ Date _____________

Worksheet: 6.4A
Plate tectonics
1 Look at the map of the world.

a Write the name given to the parts of the map shown with letters.

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b The areas labelled with the letters on the map are moving.
Explain what causes them to move.

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 CAMBRIDGE LOWER SECONDARY SCIENCE 7: UNIT 6: EARTH PHYSICS

2 The outer layer of the Earth is called the crust.

a State what the crust is made from.

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b Name the layer below the crust.

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c The crust and the layer below the crust are in different positions in the Earth.
State one similarity and one other difference between these two layers.

Similarity _____________________________________________________________________

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Difference _____________________________________________________________________

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 CAMBRIDGE LOWER SECONDARY SCIENCE 7: UNIT 6: EARTH PHYSICS

Name ___________________________________ Date _____________

Worksheet: 6.4B
Plate tectonics
Clues for questions 1–2 in Worksheet 6.4A.

1 a These areas are called _______________ plates.

b Think about what these areas are supported by.

2 a Choose from one of these materials.

metal water gas rock

b Choose from one of these:

mantle inner core outer core ocean

c Similarity – think of what these two layers are made from

Difference – think of the state (solid, liquid or gas) of each of these layers

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 CAMBRIDGE LOWER SECONDARY SCIENCE 7: UNIT 6: EARTH PHYSICS

Name ___________________________________ Date _____________

Worksheet: 6.4C
Plate tectonics
1 Explain why each of these occurs at the boundaries between tectonic plates:
a fold mountains

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b earthquakes

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c volcanoes

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 CAMBRIDGE LOWER SECONDARY SCIENCE 7: UNIT 6: EARTH PHYSICS

Name ___________________________________ Date _____________

Worksheet: 6.5A
Eclipses
1 Marcus sees an eclipse during the daytime. The eclipse causes darkness for a short time.
a State what type of eclipse Marcus sees.

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b Explain why there is darkness during the eclipse.

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c Explain why the darkness lasts only a short time.

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2 When a solar eclipse happens, the eclipse can be seen from only a few places on Earth, even when
there are no clouds.
a Explain why a solar eclipse can be seen from only a few places.

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b Explain why people should never look directly at the Sun, even when watching an eclipse.

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3 a State what type of eclipse can happen when the Earth comes between the Sun and the Moon.

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 CAMBRIDGE LOWER SECONDARY SCIENCE 7: UNIT 6: EARTH PHYSICS

b When the Earth comes between the Sun and the Moon, a shadow forms.
Which row of the table shows the object that blocks the light and where the shadow forms.
Tick () one row.

Object that blocks the light Where the shadow forms

Earth Moon

Moon Moon

Earth Earth

Moon Earth

Cambridge Lower Secondary Science 7 – Mary Jones, Diane Fellowes-Freeman and Michael Smyth © Cambridge University Press 2021 10
 CAMBRIDGE LOWER SECONDARY SCIENCE 7: UNIT 6: EARTH PHYSICS

Name ___________________________________ Date _____________

Worksheet: 6.5B
Eclipses
Clues for questions 1–3 in Worksheet 6.5A.
1 a This type of eclipse is caused when the Moon passes between the Sun and the Earth.
b What object blocks the light from the Sun, and what name is given when light is blocked.
c Think about the movement of the objects causing the eclipse and where the eclipse is seen.
2 a Think about the shadow that forms in this type of eclipse.
b What could happen if someone looks at a very bright light?
3 a Choose between:

lunar eclipse solar eclipse

b In this type of eclipse, you cannot see part of the Moon, because of a shadow forming on the
Moon. What causes the shadow?

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 CAMBRIDGE LOWER SECONDARY SCIENCE 7: UNIT 6: EARTH PHYSICS

Name ___________________________________ Date _____________

Worksheet: 6.5C
Eclipses
1 The time taken for the Moon to orbit the Earth is called a lunar month.
a Suggest why a solar eclipse cannot be seen every lunar month from the same place on Earth. Give
two reasons.
You could draw a diagram as part of your answer.

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In some solar eclipses, more of the Sun can be seen than in others. This is shown in the diagram.

b Suggest what causes the difference shown in the diagram.

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