Mental Ability

CHAPTER
16 Blood Relations
In such type of tests, the information about the blood relations of a group of persons is given in jumbled form.
The candidate is asked to as certain the relationship between any of these two persons on the basis of the
information provided. For this, a clear picture of the well defined blood relations in the society is imperative.
Some of relations obtaining in the society has been given in the following table.
1. Grandfather’s son : Father or uncle.
2. Grandmother’s son : Father or uncle.
3. Grandfather’s only son : Father
4. Grandmother’s only son : Father
5. Mother’s or father’s mother : Grandmother.
6. Mother’s or father’s father : Grandfather.
7. Grandfather’s only daughter-in-law : Mother
8. Grandmother’s only daughter-in-law : Mother
9. Mother’s or father’s son : Brother
10. Mother’s or father’s daughter : Sister
11. Mother’s or father’s brother : Uncle.
12. Mother’s or father’s sister : Aunt.
13. Husband’s or wife’s sister : Sister-in-law
14. Husband’s or wife’s brother :Brother-in-law
15. Son’s wife : Daughter-in-law
16. Daughter’s husband : Son-in-law
17. Brother’s son : Nephew.
18. Brother’s daughter : Niece.
19. Uncle’s or Aunt’s son or daughter : Cousin.
20. Sister’s husband : Brother-in-law
21. Brother’s wife : Sister-in-law.
Solved examples
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E x . 1 Pointing to a man in photograph, a man said to a women, “His mother is the only daughter of your father.”
How is the woman related to the man in the photograph ?
(1) Sister (2) Mother (3) Wife (4) Daughter
S o l . From the information given in the question, it is clear that, the only daughter of the woman’s father is the woman
herself, and hence the man in the photograph is her son. Therefore, the woman is the mother of the man in
the photograph. Therefore, the correct answer is (2).
E x . 2 Pointing to a man in a photograph, a woman said, “The father of his brother is the only son of my grandfather.”
How is the woman related to the man in the photograph ?
(1) Mother (2) Aunt (3) Daughter (4) Sister
S o l . From the information, it is clear that the only son of woman’s grandfather is the father of the woman and the
father of the man’s brother is the father of the man. On combining these two informations together a single
information emerges that the man’s father is the woman’s father. Hence, the woman is the sister of the man
in the photograph. Therefore, the correct answer is (4).

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E x . 3 Introducing Asha to guests, Bhaskar said, “Her father is the only son of my father. “How is Asha related to Bhaskar ?
(1) Daughter (2) Mother (3) Sister (4) Niece
S o l . The only son of Bhaskar’s father is the Bhaskar himself. This means that Bhaskar is the father of Asha. Hence,
Asha is the daughter of Bhaskar. Therefore, the correct answer is (1).
E x . 4 Akash said to Mohit, “That boy in blue shirt is younger of the two brothers of the daughter of my father’s wife.”
How is the boy in blue shirt related to Akash.”
(1) Father (2) Uncle (3) Brother (4) Nephew
S o l . The daughter of Akash’s father’s wife is the sister of Akash and brother of the daughter is the brother of Akash.
Hence, the boy in blue shirt is the brother of the Akash. Therefore, the correct answer is (3).
E x . 5 ‘S × T’ means that S is the mother of T, ‘S + T’ means that S is the father of T, ‘S – T’ means that S is the
sister of T. On the basis of this information, You have to select the option which shows that A is the grandfather
of T.
(1) A + S + B – T (2) A × B + C – T (3) A + C – T (4) A + B – C × T
S o l . Option (1) represents that A is the grandfather of T
(i) B – T B is the sister of T.

(ii) S + B S is the father of B, hence S will be father of T [from information (i)]

(iii) A + S A is the father of S, hence A will be grandfather of B.

E x . 6 If ‘P $ Q’ means that P is the father of Q, ‘P # Q’ means that P is the mother of Q, ‘P * Q’ means that P is
the sister of Q. Then, how is Q related to N in N # L $ P * Q ?
(1) Grand-son (2) Grand-daughter (3) Nephew (4) Data inadequate
S o l . In the above question, the sex of Q is not given, hence exact relationship between N and Q cannot be established.
In other words, we can say that data is not adequate to answer the question. Therefore, the correct answer
is (4).

E x . 7 If ‘P + Q’ means that P is the mother of Q, ‘P Q’ means that P is the father of Q, ‘P–Q’ means that P is
the sister of Q. Then, which of the following relationship shows that M is the daughter of R ?

(1) R M + N (2) R + N M (3) R – M N (4) Data inadequate

S o l . M + N i.e., M is the mother of N, hence, the sex of M is determined as female. R + M i.e., R is the father
of M. Hence, R M + N clearly means that M is the daughter of R. Therefore, the correct answer is (1).
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1. P is the brother of Q and R. S is the R’s mother. T is P’s father. Which of the following statements cannot be definitely
true ?
(1) Q is T’s son (2) T is Q’s father (3) S is P’s mother (4) P is S’s son
2. A is the brother of B, C is the brother of A. To establish a relationship between B and C, which of the following information
is required ?
(i) Sex of C (ii) Sex of B
(1) Only (i) is required (2) Only (ii) is required
(3) Both (i) & (ii) are required (4) Neither (i) nor (ii) is required
3. If ‘A + B’ means that A is the brother of B, ‘A B’ means that A is the father of B and ‘A × B’ means that A is the
sister of B. Which of the following means ‘M’ is the uncle of ‘P’ ?

(1) M N × P (2) N × P M (3) M × S R × P (4) M + K T × P

4. ‘A + B’ means that A is the son of B, ‘A – B’ means that A is the wife of B. ‘A × B’ means that A is the brother of
B, ‘A B’ means that A is the mother of B, ‘A = B’ means that A is the sister of B’. Which of the following represents
P is the maternal-uncle of Q ?

(1) R × P Q (2) P × R Q (3) P + R Q (4) P + R × Q

Directions (Q. 5 to Q.8) : Read the following information carefully to answer the questions given below it

(i) ‘A + B’ means that A is the father of B.

(ii) ‘A – B’ means that A is the wife of B.
(iii) ‘A × B’ means that A is the brother of B.

(iv) ‘A B means that A is the daugher of B

5. If it is given P R + S + Q, which of the following is true ?

(1) P is the daughter of Q (2) Q is the aunt of P
(3) P is the aunt of Q (4) P is the mother of Q
6. If it is given P – R + Q, which of the following statements is true ?
(1) P is the mother of Q (2) Q is the daughter of P
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(3) P is the aunt of Q (4) P is the sister of Q

7. If it is given P × R Q, which of the following is true ?

(1) P is the uncle of Q (2) P is the father of Q (3) P is the brother of Q (4) P is the son of Q
8. If it is given ‘P × R – Q’, which of the following is true ?

(1) P is the brother-in-law of Q (2) P is the brother of Q

(3) P is the uncle of Q (4) P is the father of Q

9. Rajiv is the brother of Atul. Sonia is the sister of Sunil. Atul is the son of Sonia. How is Rajiv related to Sonia ?
(1) Nephew (2) Son (3) Brother (4) Father

10. A and B are sisters. R and S are brothers. A’s daughter is R’s sister. What is B’s relation to S ?
(1) Mother (2) Grandmother (3) Sister (4) Aunt

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Directions (Q.11 & Q.12) : Read the following information carefully to answer the questions given below it :
(i) ‘L% M’ means that M is brother of L
(ii) ‘L × M’ means that L is mother of M

(iii) ‘L M’ means that L is the sister of M

(iv) ‘L = M’ means that M is father of L

11. Which of the following means “I is the nephew of Q" ?

(i) Q % J = I (ii) Q M × B % I (iii) C I = B % Q

(1) Only (iii) (2) Only (i) (3) Only (ii) (4) None of these
12. Which of the following is superfluous to answer the above question ?
(1) (i) Only (2) (ii) Only (3) (iii) Only (4) (iv) Only
13. If ‘A $ B’ means that A is the father of B, ‘A * B’ means that A is the mother of B, ‘A @ B’ means that A
is the wife of B, then which of the following means that M is the grand-mother of N ?
(1) M * R $ T @ N (2) M + R @ T @ N
(3) M* T$ N @ R (4) M ± T $ N@ R
14. B is the husband of P,, Q is the only grandson of E, who is wife of D and mother-in-law of P. How B related
to D ?
(1) Cousin (2) Son-in-law (3) Son (4) Aunt
15. ‘A + B’ means that A is the father of B ‘A – B’ means that A is the wife of B, ‘A × B’ means that A is the
brother of B. ‘A B’ means that A is the daughter of B. Which of the following means P is the sister-in-law
of Q ?

(1) R – P × Q (2) R + P × Q (3) P – R × Q (4) P – R Q

16. If it is given P × R + Q, which of the following is true ?

(1) P is the father of Q (2) P is the grandfather of Q
(3) P is the uncle of Q (4) P is the brother-in-law of Q

Direction (Q.17 & Q.18) : (a) ‘S–T’ means that S is the mother of T, (b) ‘S T’ means that S is the father
of T, (c) ‘S × T’ means that S is the brother of T.
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17. Which of the following represents M is the son of Q ?

(1) M R × Q (2) M Q – R (3) Q M × R (4) Q × M R

18. To find the answer to the above question 17, which of the following statements can be dispensed with ?
(1) a & b (2) a & c (3) b only (4) a only

19. If ‘P + Q’ means that P is the brother of Q, ‘P × Q’ means that P is the mother of Q, ‘P Q’ means that P
is the sister of Q. Which of the following means R is the uncle of S ?

(1) R × P + S (2) R × S + P (3) R P + S (4) R + P × S

20. X and Y are sisters. Y is wife of Z, P is son of Q, M is daughter of Y. N is husband of X, Q is father of

Y. O is daughter of L, K is w ife of L. X is mother of L. Who is the brother of Y?
(1) M (2) Z (3) L (4) P

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Direction : In each of the following, a question followed by two statements marked I and II. Decide of the
statements are sufficient to answer the question. Choose your answer from the given alternative.
21. Who is the father of M ?
Statement :
I. P and Q are brothers.
II. Q's wife is the sister of M's wife
(1) Statement-I alone is sufficient to answer the problem.
(2) Statement-II alone is sufficient to answer the problem.
(3) Statement-I and II both are needed.
(4) Statement-I and II both are not sufficient.
Direction (Q.22 & Q.23) : S and R and brothers. T is daughter of S. U is the spouse of R and mother of
Q. P is the daughter of V, who is the spouse of T.
Based on above paragraph, answer the followin question.
22. Who is the grand father of P ?
(1) U (2) S (3) R (4) V
23. Who is the cousin of Q ?
(1) T (2) V (3) R (4) P
24. A is the uncle of B, who is the daugher of C and C is the daughter in-law of P. How is A related is to P ?
(1) Brother (2) Son (3) Son-in-law (4) Data inadequate
Direction (Q.25 & Q.26) : These questions are based on the following information.
(i) 'P+Q' means 'P is the son of Q'.
(ii) 'P–Q' means 'P is the wife of Q'.
(iii) 'P × Q' means 'P is the brother of Q'.
(iv) 'P Q' means 'P is the mother of Q'.
(v) 'P=Q' means 'P is the sister of Q'.
25. What does A + C – B mean ?
(1) B is the father of A. (2) B is the son of A. (3) B is the uncle of A (4) B is the brother of A.
26. What does A=C+B mean ?
(1) A is the aunt of B. (2) A is the daughter of B. (3) A is the niece of B. (4) A is the sister of B.
Directions (Q.27 & Q.28): Read the following informaton and answer the questions given below is :
A is the father of C. But C is not his son.
E is the daughter of C, F is the spouse of A.
B is the brother of C. D is the son of B.
G is the spouse of B. H is the father of G.
27. Who is the grandmother of D ?
(1) A (2) C (3) F (4) H
28. Who is the son of F ?
(1) B (2) C (3) D (4) E
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29. Pointing to a photograph, a lady tells Pramod, "I am the only daughter of this lady and her son is your maternal
uncle." How is the speaker related to Pramod's father ?
(1) Sister-in-law (2) Wife (3) Either (1) or (2) (4) Neither (1) nor (2)
30. Pointing to the lady on the platform, Manju said, 'She is the sister of the father of my mother's son." How
is the lady related to Manju?
(1) Mother (2) Sister (3) Aunt (4) Niece

ANSWERS
Qu e. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
An s . 1 2 4 2 3 1 4 1 2 4 3 4 3 3 3
Qu e. 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
An s . 3 3 4 4 4 4 2 1 2 1 2 3 1 2 3

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1. Introducing a man, a woman said, “His wife is the only daugher of my father.” How is that man related to the woman ?
(1) Husband (2) Brother (3) Father-in-law (4) Maternal-uncle
2. Pointing to a lady, a man said. “The son of her only brother is the brother of my wife.” How is the lady related
to that man ?
(1) Mother’s sister (2) Grandmother (3) Sister of father-in-law (4) Mother-in-law
3. If B says that his mother is the only daughter of A’s mother, how is A related to B ?
(1) Son (2) Father (3) Brother (4) Uncle
4. Pointing to a man, a woman said. “He is the brother of my uncle’s daughter.” How is that man related to woman ?
(1) Cousin (2) Son (3) Brother-in-law (4) Nephew
5. Pointing to a person, Rohit said to Neha, “His mother is the only daughter of your father.” How is Neha related
to that person ?
(1) Aunt (2) Mother (3) Daughter (4) Wife
6. Pointing to a man in a photograph, a woman said, “His brother’s father is the only son of my grandfather.”
How is the woman related to that man in the photograph ?
(1) Mother (2) Sister (3) Aunt (4) Daughter
7. A told B, “Yesterday I met the only brother of the daughter of my grand mother.” Whom did A meet ?
(1) Cousin (2) Brother (3) Nephew (4) Father
8. Neelam, who is Rohit’s daughter, says to Indu, “Your mother Reeta is the younger sister of my father, who is
the third child of Sohanji.” How is Sohanji related to Indu ?
(1) Maternal-uncle (2) Father (3) Grandfather (4) Father-in-law
9. Q’s mother is the sister of R and daughter of S and N is the daughter of R and sister of M. How is ‘M’ related
to S ?
(1) Son (2) Son’s Son (3) Brother (4) Data inadequate
10. Pointing to a woman in a photograph, Vijay said, “She is the daughter of the father of the sister of my brother”.
How is that lady in photograph related to Vijay ?
(1) Daughter (2) Wife (3) Mother (4) None of these
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11. Poonam said to her friend, “Yesterday I attended the birthday party of the son of the only son-in-law of my mother’s
mother.” How is Poonam related to the man, whose birthday party she attended ?
(1) Niece (2) Daughter (3) Sister (4) Mother
12. Introducing a man, Neeraj said, “His wife is the only daughter of my wife,” How is Neeraj related to that man ?
(1) Father (2) Grandfather (3) Father-in-law (4) Son
13. Pointing to a woman in the photograph, Rajesh said, “The only daughter of her grandfather is my wife.” How
is Rajesh related to that woman?

(1) Uncle (2) Father (3) Maternal uncle (4) Brother

14. Pointing to a man in the photograph a lady said, “The father of his brother is the only son of my mother.” How
is that man related to that lady?

(1) Brother (2) Son (3) Cousin (4) Nephew

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15. Pointing to a photograph, Prabhat tells his friend, “She is the grand-daughter of the elder brother of my father.”
How is that girl in the photograph related to Prabhat ?

(1) Niece (2) Aunt (3) Sister (4) Sister-in-law

16. Introducing a man, a woman said, “His father-in-law’s father is my father-in-law”. How is that man related to
the woman

(1) Husband (2) Son (3) Nephew (4) Son-in-law

17. Pointing to a person, a man said to a woman, “His mother is the only daughter of your father”. How is that
person related to the woman ?

(1) Grandson (2) Son (3) Husband (4) Brother

18. Pointing to a man, a woman said “The daughter of his father is the only daughter of my mother.” How is the
husband of that woman related to that man ?”

(1) Sister husband (2) Father (3) Son-in-law (4) Son

19. Pointing to a woman in a photograph, a man said, “The son of her sister’s father is the maternal-uncle of my
son”. How is the sister of that woman is related to the son of that man ?

(1) Mother (2) Mother’s sister (3) Mother or Mother’s sister (4) Aunt

20. A woman said to a man,” The sister of your only brother is my mother”. How is that woman related to that
man ?

(1) Mother (2) Daughter (3) Sister (4) Niece

21. Pointing to a photograph a woman says : "He is the only son of the wife of my husband's father". How is
the man related to the woman?

(1) Son (2) Son-in-law (3) Brother-in-law (4) Husband

22. A man said to a woman, "The only sister of your brother is my mother. " How is that man related to that
woman ?

(1) Father (2) Son (3) Husband (4) Brother

23. Pointing towards a man in the photograph, Priya said, "he is the son of the only son of my grandmother'. " How
is man related to Priya ?

(1) Cousin (2) Nephew (3) Brother (4) Son

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24. Akash said to Murthy, "That boy in blue shirt is younger of the two brothers of the daughter of my father's
wife." How is the boy in blue shirt related to Akash ?
(1) Father (2) Uncle (3) Brother (4) Nephew
25. Pointing to a photograph, Hari tells friend, 'She is the grand-daughter of the elder brother of my father."
How is the girl in the photograph related to Hari ?
(1) Niece (2) Aunt (3) Sister (4) Sister-in-law

ANSWERS
Qu e. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
An s . 1 3 4 1 2 2 4 3 4 4 3 3 1 4 1
Qu e. 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25
An s . 4 2 1 3 4 4 2 3 3 1

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EXERCISE
QUESTIONS RELATED TO VARIOUS OLYMPIADS
1. A and B are brothers, C and D are sisters. The son of A is brother of D. Then the relation of B with C is
(1) Husband (2) Brother (3) Uncle (4) Nephew
2. Ram is the brother of Deepak , Sunita is sister of Rajesh , Deepak is the son of Sunita. How is Ram related
to Sunita?
(1) Son (2) Brother (3) Nephew (4) Father
3. Read the following information carefully and answer the question given below:
A + B means A is the daughter of B.
A – B means A is the husband of B.
A × B means A is the brother of B.
If P + Q – R , which one of the following is true?
(1) R is the mother of P. (2) R is the sister-in-law of P.
(3) R is the aunt of P. (4) R is the Mother-in-law of P.
4. Introducing to a man a lady said, his Father-in-law's father is my father-in-law. How is that man related to
that lady?
(1) Husband (2) Son-in-law (3) Son (4) Father
5. Pointing to Kamal, Gagan said 'his mother's brother is the father of my son Tinu. How is Kamal related to
Gagan?
(1) Father (2) Mother (3) Nephew (4) Brother
Direction (Q.6 & Q.7) : Radha is wife of Mohan.She has three sons respectively as older - Suresh, Rakesh
and Satish. Bimla is only daughter of Radha. She is youngest. Name of their wives are Sudha , Savita and
Sita respectively. Mr Raghunatha is husband of Bimla. Suresh has two daughters as Kamla and Sarla. He
has a son Deepak. Rakesh has three sons namely as Sohan , Ramu and Kewal. Satish has one son (Shrikant)
one daughter (Shobha). Bimla has also one son (Sagar) and one daughter(Sarika).
6. Bimla is related to kamla as
(1) Sister (2) Aunt (3) Niece (4) Grandmother
7. How many members are there in the family? Node5\e\Data\CBSE-2016\10th\Advance\CCP\Mental Ability-1\16 Blood Relations.p65

(1) 16 (2) 18 (3) 19 (4) 20

8. B, the son of A was married to C, whose sister D was married to E, the brother of B. How D is related
to A?
(1) Sister (2) Daughter-in-law (3) Sister-in-law (4) Cousin
9. Ramesh is father of Mohan and Shyam is son of Mohan. What is the relation between Ramesh and Shyam?
(1) Son (2) Brother (3) Grandfather (4) Father
10. B is father of C but C is not son of B. what is the relation of C with B?
(1) Sister (2) Brother (3) Daughter (4) Nephew

ANSWERS
Q u e. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 0
A n s . 3 1 1 2 3 2 4 2 3 3

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