Important Questions for Class 12

Maths
Chapter 5 – Continuity and Differentiability

Very Short Answer Questions 1 Mark

1. For what value of x,f  x   2x - 7 is not derivable.

Ans: We need to find the input value for which the function will not be derivable.
In other words, the point where the function has a break (there are two different
tangents at that point)
 7
2x  7 x
f x  
2
7  2x 7
x
 2
7
Hence, for the value x  , the function not be derivable.
2

2. Write the set of points of continuity of g  x  = x-1 + x+1 .

Ans: Let us check for the break points of the piecewise function,
 x  1   x  1 x  1

g  x   1  x    x  1  1  x  1

1  x    x  1 x  1
We see that the function is a polynomial at all the breakpoints, polynomials are
continuous for their entire domain and hence the points of continuity of g  x  is

3. What is derivative of x-3 at x=-1

Ans: Writing the function in piecewise form, we get
x  3 x 3
f x  
3  x x3

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For x  1 , we have
f  1  3   1
4
d
f ' x   3  x 
dx
 1
f '  1  1

4. What are the points of discontinuity of f  x  =

 x-1 +  x+1 .
 x-7  x-6 
Ans: From the given function, it is noticeable that it is not defined for the values
x  6,7 . Considering that the function is a polynomial, we can say that it is
continuous for the points mentioned above. Hence, the points of discontinuity will
be situated at the inputs x  6 and x  7 .

5. Write the number of points of discontinuity of f  x  =  x  in  3,7  .

Ans: We have that step functions are discontinuous at the integer points. At the
given domain, the integer inputs are 4,5,6,7 . Hence, the number of points of
discontinuity is 4 .

λx-3 x<2

6. The function, f  x  = 4 x=2 is a continuous function for all x  R ,
2x
 x>2
find λ .
Ans: In piecewise functions, the function is continuous at the break points if the
limit of the breakpoints evaluates to the same value. Evaluating the limit at the
break points x  2 and x  2 .
lim x  3  lim 4
x 2 x 2

   2  3  4
7

2

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 7
Therefore,   .
2

 tan3x
 x0
7. For what value of K , f  x  =  sin2x is continuous x  R .
2K x=0
Ans: Evaluating the limit at the break points, we get
tan 3x
 lim  2K
x 0 sin 2x

tan 3x
3
 lim 3x  2K
x 0 sin 2x
2
2x
3
  2K
2
3
K
4

8. Write the derivative of sinx with respect to cosx .

Ans: Let y  sin x , and z  cos x
Differentiate both with respect to x ,
dy dz
 cos x and   sin x
dx dx
Let us divide the first equation with the second equation, as shown below
dy dx 1
   cos x 
dx dz  sin x
dy cos x
 
dz sin x
dy
   cot x
dz

9. If f  x  =x 2g  x  and g 1 =6,g' 1 =3 find the value of f' 1 .

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Ans: Differentiating the given function with respect to x ,
d
dx
 f  x    2xg  x   g '  x  x 2

Therefore, f ' 1 should be,

f ' 1  2 1 6    31
2

 12  3
 15

10.Write the derivative of the following functions:

(i) log 3  3x+5 
Ans: y  log3  3x  5
Differentiating with respect to x ,
  y    log3  3x  5  
d d
dx dx
dy 3
 
dx  3x  5  ln  3

(ii) elog2x
Ans: y  e 2  
log x

 ln y  log 2  x 
Differentiating with respect to x ,
dy  1  d
     log 2  x  
dx  y  dx
dy  1  1
  
dx  y   x  ln  2 
dy e 2  
log x
 
dx x ln  2 

6loge  x-1
(iii) e ,x>1

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Ans:
y  e e 
6 log x 1

log e  x 1
6
ye
 y   x  1
6

Differentiating with respect to x ,

d
  y 
dx
d
dx
 x  1
6
 
dy
  6  x  1
5

dx

(iv) sec-1 x +csc-1 x, x  1

Ans: y  sec 1 x  csc 1 x
Differentiating with respect to x ,
d
  y 
dx
d
dx

sec1 x  csc 1 x 
dy 1 1
  
dx
       
2 2
x x 1 x x 1
dy 1 1
  
dx x  x  1 x  x  1
dy
 0
dx

(v) sin -1  x 7/2 

Ans: y  sin 1  x 7/2 
Differentiating with respect to x ,
d
  y 
dx
d
dx

sin 1  x 7/2  

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 dy 1 7 5

     x 2 
dx 1   x 7/2  2 
2

dy 7 x5
  
dx 2 1  x 7

(vi) log x 5, x>0

Ans: y  log x  5
ln 5
y
ln x
1 ln x
 
y ln 5
Differentiating with respect to x ,
d  1  d  ln x 
    
dx  y  dx  ln 5 
dy  1  1
   
dx  y  x ln 5
dy log x 5
 
dx x ln 5

Short Answer Questions 4 Marks

11.Discuss the continuity of following functions at the indicated points.

 x- x
 x0
(i) f  x  =  x at x=0
2
 x=0
x  x
 x0
Ans: Given, f  x    x
2 x0


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Check the limit of the function as it approaches both sides of the point x  0 from
either direction,
Left-Hand limit is,
x   x 
lim f  x   lim
x 0 x 0 x
2x
 lim
x 0 x

2
Middle Value is,
f  0  2
Right-Hand limit is,
x  x
lim f  x   lim
x 0 x 0 x
0
As all three limits do not evaluate to the same value, the function is discontinuous
at the point x  0 .

 sin2x
 3x x0
(ii) g  x  =  at x=0
3 x=0
 2
 sin 2x
 3x x0
Ans: Given, g  x   
3 x0
 2
Check the limit of the function as it approaches both sides of the point x  0 from
either direction.
Left-Hand limit is,
sin 2x
lim f  x   lim
x 0 x 0 3x

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 sin 2x
2
 lim 2x
x 0 3x
x
2

3
Middle Value is,
3
f  0 
2
Right-Hand limit is,
sin 2x
lim f  x   lim
x 0 x 0 3x
sin 2x
2
 lim 2x
x 0 3x
x
2

3
As all three limits do not evaluate to the same value, the function is discontinuous
at the point x  0 .

 2 1
x cos   x  0
(iii) f  x =  x at x=0
0
 x=0
 2 1
 x cos   x  0
Ans: Given, f  x    x
0 x0

Check the limit of the function as it approaches both sides of the point x  0 from
either direction.
Left-Hand limit is,

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 1
lim f  x   lim x 2 cos
x 0 x 0 x
0
Middle Value is,
f  0  0
Right-Hand limit is,
1
lim f  x   lim x 2 cos
x 0 x 0 x
0
We have that lim f  x   f  0   lim f  x 
x 0 x 0

As all three limits evaluate to the same value, the function is continuous at the
point x  0 .

(iv) f  x  = x + x-1 at x=1

Ans: Given, f  x   x  x  1
Check the limit of the function as it approaches both sides of the point x  1 from
either direction.
Left-Hand limit is,
lim  x  x  1   lim  x  1  x  
x 1 x 1

1
Middle Value is,
f 1  1  1  1
1
Right-Hand limit is,
lim  x  x  1   lim  x   x  1 
x 1 x 1

1
We have that lim f  x   f 1  lim f  x 
x 1 x 1

As all three limits evaluate to the same value, the function is continuous at the
point x  1.

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 x-  x  x  1
(v) f  x  =  at x=1
0 x=1
x   x  x  1
Ans: Given, f  x   
0 x 1
Check the limit of the function as it approaches both sides of the point x  1 from
either direction.
Left-Hand limit is,
lim f  x   lim  x   x 
x 1 x 1

 1   0
1
Middle Value is,
f 1  1  1
0
Right-Hand limit is,
lim f  x   lim  x   x 
x 1 x 1

 1  1
0
As all three limits do not evaluate to the same value, the function is discontinuous
at the point x  1.

 3x2 -kx+5 0  x<2

12. For what value of k , f  x  =  is continuous x   0,3 .
1-3x 2x3
Ans: If the function is continuous, the limit at the break points must evaluate to the
same value.
Therefore, the following condition must be met,
lim 3x 2  kx  5  lim1

 3x
x 2 x 2

 3 2   k  2   5  1  3 2 
2

 12  2k  5  5
 2  2k

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 k 1
Secondly, since the piecewise function consists of polynomials, we know that the
polynomials are continuous for their respective domains. Hence, the value of k
must be k  1 if the function is continuous x  0,3 .

 x+2
 x+2 +a if x<-2

13. For what values of a and b , f  x  = a+b if x=-2 is continuous at x=2
 x+2
 +2b if x>-2
 x+2
Ans: For the function to be continuous, the following condition has to be
necessarily met,
 x2   x2 
lim   a   a  b  lim   2b 
x 2
 x2  x 2
 x2 
Left-Hand limit is,
 x2 
 lim   a   a  b
x 2
 x2 
 x2 
 lim  a  a  b
x 2
   x  2 
 1  a  a  b
 b  1
Right-Hand limit is,
 x2 
 a  b  lim   2b 
x 2
 x2 
x2 
 a  b  lim   2b 
x 2  x  2 
 a  b  1  2b
 a 1  1 2
a 0

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The values of a and b should be a  0 and b  1.

14.Prove that f  x  = x+1 is continuous at x=-1 but not derivable at x=-1 .

Ans: To prove that the function is continuous at x  1 , take the limit of the
breaking points,
lim x  1  1  1  lim x  1
x 1 x 1

 lim   x  1  0  lim  x  1
x 1 x 1

000
Since the above condition is satisfied, we conclude that the function is continuous.
We have proved continuity, now we need to check for the left-hand derivative and
the right-hand derivative.
f  1  h   f  1 f  1  h   f  1
 lim  lim
h 0 h h 0 h
 1  h   1  1  1  1  h   1  1  1
 lim  lim
h 0 h h 0 h

 lim
 1  h  1  lim   1  h  1
h 0 h h 0  h
 1  1
Since the above condition could not be met, the function is not differentiable or
derivable at x  1 .

x sin 1/x  x  0
 p

15.For what value of p , f  x  =  is derivable at x=0


 0 x=0
Ans: To ensure derivability, we must ensure the following condition
f 0  h   f 0 f 0  h   f 0
lim  lim
h 0 h h 0 h

 0  h  sin 
1 
 0  h  sin 
1 
0 0
p p

 0h  0h
 lim  lim
h 0 h h 0 h

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 1 1
h p sin   h p sin  
 lim  h   lim h
h 0 h h 0 h
1 1
h p1 sin   h p1 sin  
 lim  h   lim h
h 0 1 h 0 1
h h
h h
p 1 p 1
h h
 lim  lim
h 0 h h 0 h
Therefore, the condition that we have obtained for p is as shown below,
p  1  0  p  1 which means p must be greater than 1 .

1  2x  -1  1   dy
16. If y= tan-1   +2tan    , 0<x<1 , find .
   
2
2 1-x x dx
Ans: Differentiating with respect to x ,
d 1 d  1  2x   d  1  1  
  y  tan  2 
  tan   
dx 2 dx   1  x   dx   x 
dy 1 2 1  x 2   2x  2x  1  1 
     2 
  2x   1  x2   x 
2 2
1
2
dx
2 1   1  
  1  x 2   x
 
dy 2 1  x 2   4x 2 1
   2

dx 2 1  x 2   4x 2
2

x 1

dy 1  x 
2
1
   2
dx 1  x 2  2
x 1
dy
 0
dx

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  1-x  dy
17. If y=sin  2tan-1  then =?
 1+x  dx
Ans: Let x  cos t
We have,
 1  cos t 
 y  sin  2 tan 1 
 1  cos t 
  t 
 y  sin  2 tan 1 tan   
  2  
  t 
 y  sin  2   
  2 
 y  sin t
 y  1  cos 2 t
 y  1  x2
Differentiating with respect to x ,
1
 1  x   2x 
2 2
dy 1

dx 2
dy x
 
dx 1  x2

dy y-x
18. If 5x +5y =5x+y then prove that +5 =0 .
dx
Ans: Differentiating with respect to x , we get
dy  dy 
5x ln 5  5y ln 5  5x  y ln 5 1  
dx  dx 
dy  dy 
 5x  5 y   1   5x  y
dx  dx 
dy dy
 5x  5 y  5x  y  5x  y
dx dx

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  5  5 y    5x  y  5x   0
dy x  y
dx
dy 5x  y  5x
  0
dx 5x  y  5y
dy 5y
  0
dx 5x
dy
  5y x  0
dx

2 2 dy 1-y 2
19. If x 1-y +y 1-x =a then show that =- .
dx 1-x2
Ans: Differentiating with respect to x
2xy dy 2xy dy
  1  y2   1  x2  0
1 y 2 dx
1 x 2 dx

dy  2xy  2xy
  1  x2    1  y2
dx  1  y2 
 1  x2

2xy   1  y2 1  x 2 

dy
 1  x2
dx 2xy   1  y2 1  x 2 
1  y2
dy 1  y2
 
dx 1  x2

dy 1-y 2
20. If 1-x + 1-y =a  x-y  then show that
2 2
= .
dx 1-x 2
Ans: Let,
x  sin m
m  sin 1 x

Class XII Maths www.vedantu.com 15

y  sin n
n  sin 1 y
We have,
 1  sin 2 m  1  sin 2 n  a  sin m  sin n 
 mn mn
 cos m  cos n  a  2cos sin 
 2 2 
mn mn mn mn
 2cos cos  2a cos cos
2 2 2 2
1 mn
  tan
a 2
1 mn
 tan 1 
a 2
1
 2 tan 1  sin 1 x  sin 1 y
a
Differentiating with respect to x ,
1 1 dy
0 
1  x2 1  y 2 dx
dy 1  y2
 
dx 1  x2

dy y
21. If  x+y 
m+n
=xm y n then prove that
= .
dx x
Ans: Take the natural log on both sides as shown below,

ln  x  y 
m n
  ln  x y 
m n

  m  n  ln  x  y   mln x  n ln y
Differentiating with respect to x ,
m n dy m  n  dy 
   1  
x y dx x  y  dx 

Class XII Maths www.vedantu.com 16

 dy  n m  n  m  n m
    
dx  y x  y  x  y x
dy  nx  ny  my  ny  mx  nx  mx  my
  
dx  y x  y  x  x  y
dy y
 
dx x

 2x  -1  2x 
22. Find the derivative of tan -1  2 
w.r.t. sin  2 
.
 1-x   1+x 
 2x 
Ans: y  tan 1  2 
1 x 
dy 1 2 1  x 2   2x  2x 
  
1  x 
2 2 2
dx  2x 
1  2 
1 x 
dy 2
 
dx 1  x 2
Let x  tan t .
 2x 
z  sin 1  2 
1 x 
 z  sin 1  sin 2t 
 z  2 tan 1 x
 2
x 1
dz 1  x 2
 
dx  2
 x 1
 1  x 2
Hence, we get,
dy 1 x  1

dz 1 x  1

Class XII Maths www.vedantu.com 17

23. Find the derivative of ln  sinx  w.r.t. loga  cosx  .
Ans: Let,
y  ln  sin x 
dy 1
  cos x
dx sin x
z  log a cos x
ln cos x
z
ln a
dz 1  sin x  1
  
dx cos x ln a
Hence, we get
dy dx cos x ln a cos x
  
dx dz sin x  sin x
  ln a cot 2 x

dy
24. If xy +y x +xx =mn , then find the value of .
dx
Ans: On differentiating with respect to x , we get
  x y    yx    x x   0
d d d
dx dx dx
 dy y  x dy 
 x y  ln x    y x  ln y    x x  ln x  1  0
 dx x  y dx 
Now, further simplify the expression obtained in the equation above as shown
below,
dy x dy y
 x y ln x  y x   x x  ln x  1  y x ln y  x y  
dx y dx x
dy  x  ln  1  y ln y  x y
x x y 1
 
dx y x 1x  x y ln x

d2y
25. If x=acos θ, y=asin θ then find
3 3
.
dx 2

Class XII Maths www.vedantu.com 18

Ans: Differentiate with respect to  ,
  x    a cos3  
d d
d d
dx
  3a cos 2    sin  
d
Also,
  y    a sin 3  
d d
d d
dy
  3a sin 2   cos  
d
Therefore, we have
dy d 3a sin 2  cos 
 
d dx 3a cos 2  sin 
dy
   tan 
dx
Differentiating with respect to x ,
d  dy  d
      tan  
dx  dx  dx
d2 y d d
 2    tan  
dx d dx
 
2
d y 1
 2   sec2    
 3a cos  sin  
2
dx
d2 y 1
 2
dx 3a sin  cos 4 

dy π
26. If x=aet  sint-cost  , y=aet  sint+cost  then show that at x= is 1 .
dx 4
Ans: Differentiate the first equation with respect to t
  x    ae t  sin t  cos t  
d d
dt dt
dx
  ae t  sin t  cos t   ae t  cos t  sin t 
dt

Class XII Maths www.vedantu.com 19

 dx
  2ae t sin t
dt
Differentiate the second equation with respect to t
  y    ae t  sin t  cos t  
d d
dt dt
dy
  ae t  sin t  cos t   ae t  cos t  sin t 
dt
dy
  2ae t cos t
dt
Therefore, we have
dy dt 2ae  cos t 
t
 
dt dx 2ae t  sin t 
dy
  cos t
dx

Therefore at t  , we have
4
dy 
 cot  
dx 4
1

dy
27. If y=sin -1  x 1-x- x 1-x 2  then find - .
  dx
Ans: We have,
 
 
2
y  sin 1  x 1  x  x 1  x 2 
 
Using the inverse sine addition trigonometric identity
[ sin 1 x  sin 1 y  sin 1  x 1  y 2  y 1  x 2  ], we have
 
y  sin 1 x  sin 1 x
Differentiating with respect to x

Class XII Maths www.vedantu.com 20

 dy 1 1 1
  
dx 1  x2
 
2
2 x
1 x
dy 1 1
  
dx 2 x 1  x  1  x2

dy
28. If y=xlnx +  lnx  then find
x
.
dx
Ans: Let,
y  u  v where u  x ln x and v   ln x 
x

Differentiating with respect to x

dy du dv
 
dx dx dx
Now, for u
u  x ln x
Take the natural logarithm of both sides
 ln u  ln x ln x
 ln u   ln x 
2

Differentiating with respect to x

du 1 1
  2ln x  
dx u x
du 2x ln x ln x
 
dx x
Now, for v
v   ln x 
x

Take the natural logarithm of both sides

ln v  x ln  ln x 
Differentiating with respect to x
dv 1  1 1
  x  ln  ln x 
dx v  ln x x 

Class XII Maths www.vedantu.com 21

 dv x 1 
   ln x    ln  ln x  
dx  ln x 
Putting both back in the equation, we get
dy 2x ln x ln x x 1 
   ln x    ln  ln x  
dx x  ln x 

x
29. Differentiate x x w.r.t. x .
Ans: Taking the natural logarithm on both sides and then simplifying further, it
can be obtained as show below,
y  xx
x

 
 ln y  ln x x
x

 ln y  x x ln x
Differentiating with respect to x ,
dy 1 x x
   ln x  x x 1  ln x  
dx y x


dy

 x x x x 1  ln x  x x 1  ln x   
x

dx

dy
, if  cosx  =  cosy  .
y x
30. Find
dx
Ans: Taking the natural logarithm on both sides

 ln  cos x 
y
  ln  cos y  
x

 yln cos x  x ln cos y

Differentiating both sides with respect to x
  yln  cos x     x ln  cos y  
d d
dx dx
 1  1 dy 
  sin x    ln cos x  x    sin y      ln cos y
dy
 y
 cos x  dx  cos y  dx  

Class XII Maths www.vedantu.com 22

 dy dy
  ln cos x   y tan x   x tan y   ln cos y
dx dx
dy
  ln cos x  x tan y   y tan x  ln cos y
dx
dy y tan x  ln cos y
 
dx x tan y  ln cos x

 1+sinx- 1-sinx  π dy
31. If y=tan-1   where <x<π , find .
 1+sinx+ 1-sinx  2 dx
Ans: We have
 1  sin x  1  sin x 
y  tan 1  
 1  sin x  1  sin x 
 1  sin x  1  sin x 1  sin x  1  sin x 
 y  tan 1   
 1  sin x  1  sin x 1  sin x  1  sin x 

 y  tan 1 
 
 1  sin x  1  sin x 2 

 1  sin x   1  sin x  
 
 

   
 1  sin x  1  sin x 2  2 1  sin x 1  sin x 
2

 y  tan 1  
 2sin x 
 
 

1 2  2 cos x
2 
 y  tan  
 2sin x 
 
 1  cos x 
 y  tan 1  
  sin x 
 2 x 
 2sin
 y  tan 1  2 
x x
 2sin cos 
 2 2

Class XII Maths www.vedantu.com 23

  x
 y  tan 1   tan 
 2
 x
 y   tan 1  tan 
 2
x
y
2
Differentiating with respect to x
dy 1

dx 2

1 
32. If x=sin  lny  , then show that 1-x 2  y''-xy'-a 2y=0 .
a 
Ans: We have
1 
x  sin  ln y 
a 
1
 sin 1 x  ln y
a
1
 a sin x  ln y
1
 ea sin x  y
Differentiating with respect to x
dy 1  a 
  ea sin x  
dx  1 x 
2

ay
 y' 
1  x2
Differentiating with respect to x
dy xay
2
a 1  x2 
d y
 2
dx 1  x2
1  x 2 
2
dx

Class XII Maths www.vedantu.com 24

 ay' 1  x 2   xay
 y'' 
1  x 2
1  x2
ay' xay
 y''  
1  x2 1  x  2
1  x2
a2y xy'
 y''  
1  x 2 1  x 2 
 1  x 2  y'' xy' a 2 y  0

33. Differentiate  lnx  , x>1 w.r.t. x .

lnx

Ans: Taking the natural log on both sides

ln y  ln x  ln  ln x  
Differentiating with respect to x
dy 1  1  ln  ln x 
  ln x  
dx y  x ln x  x
dy ln x  1  ln  ln x  
   ln x   
dx  x 

dy sin  a+y 
2
34. If siny=xsin  a+y  then show that = .
dx sina
Ans: We have
sin y  x sin  a  y 
sin y
x
sin  a  y 
Differentiating with respect to y
dx cos y  sin  a  y    sin y  cos  a  y  
 
dy sin 2  a  y 

Class XII Maths www.vedantu.com 25

 dx cos y  sin a cos y  cosa sin y   sin y  cosa cos y  sin a sin y 
 
dy sin 2  a  y 
dx cos 2 ysin a  cosa sin ycos y  sin ycosa cos y  sin a sin 2 y
 
dy sin 2  a  y 
dx cos 2 ysin a  sin 2 ysin a
 
dy sin 2 a  y
dx sin a  cos y  sin y 
2 2

 
dy sin 2  a  y 
dx sin a
 
dy sin  a  y 
2

dy sin  a  y 
2
 
dx sin a

-1 d2y
35. If y=sin x , find in terms of y .
dx 2
Ans: Differentiating with respect to x
dy 1

dx 1  x2
Differentiating with respect to x
3
  1  x   2x 
d2 y 1 2 2

dx 2 2
d2y x
 2
 
3
dx 1 x 2

Now, we have
y  sin 1 x
 x  sin y
Replacing in our equation

Class XII Maths www.vedantu.com 26

 d2 y sin y
 2
 
3
dx 1  sin 2 y

d2 y sin y
 2
 cos y 
3
dx
d2 y
 2  tan ysec 2 y
dx

x2 y 2 d 2 y -b 4
36. If 2 + 2 =1 , then show that = .
a b dx 2 a 2 y 3
Ans: Differentiating with respect to x
2x dy  2y 
 2   2 0
a dx  b 
x dy  y 
   2
a dx  b 
Differentiating with respect to x
1   dy 2 1 d 2 y y 
 2     2  2 2 
a   dx  b dx b 
 
1  y'
2
yy''
 2  2  2 0
a b b
Now, we know
x yy'
2
 2
a b
y' x
 2  2
b a y
2
 y'   x 
2

  2    2 
b   a y
 y'
2
x2
  4 2
b4 a y

Class XII Maths www.vedantu.com 27

  y'
2
x 2b2
  4 2
b2 a y
Substituting in our previous equation
1 x 2 b 2 yy''
  0
a 2 a 4 y2 b2
1  x 2 b 2  yy''
 1   0
a 2  a 2 y 2  b 2
1   y 2  b 2  yy''
 2 1  1  2  2   2  0
a   b y  b
1  b 2  yy''
 2  2 2 0
a y  b
yy'' b2
 2  2 2
b a y
b4
 y''   2 3
a y

, -1  x  1 , show that 1-x  2 -x -a y=0 .

acos-1x 2 d2y dy 2
37. If y=e
dx dx
Ans: Differentiating with respect to x
dy 1  a 
  ea cos x   
dx  1 x 
2

dy ay
 
dx 1  x2
Differentiating with respect to x
dy xay
2
a 1  x2 
d y
 2 
dx 1  x2
dx 1  x 2 

Class XII Maths www.vedantu.com 28

 a 1  x 2   xay
dy
d2 y
 2   dx
dx 1  x 2  1  x 2
dy
2 a
d y xay
 2   dx 
dx 1  x 2 1  x 2  1  x 2
dy
2 2 x
d y a y dx
 2  
dx 1 x 2
1  x 2 
 1  x 2 
d2 y dy
2
 a2y  x 0
dx dx

3 2 3 d 2 y -2a 2 x 2
38. If y =3ax -x then prove that = .
dx 2 y5
Ans: Differentiating with respect to x
dy
 3y 2  6ax  3x 2
dx
dy 2ax x 2
  
dx y 2 y 2
Differentiating with respect to x
 dy 
2
d y
  
2a  2x  y 2  2ax  x 2 2y  
 dx 
 2 4
dx y
 2ax  x 2 
 2a  2x  
y 2
 2ax  x 2
  y2 
2y
d2y  
 2 4
dx y

d 2 y  2a  2x  y  2  2ax  x 
3 2 2

 2
dx y5

Class XII Maths www.vedantu.com 29

 d 2 y  2a  2x   3ax  x   2  4a x  x  4ax 
2 3 2 2 4 3

 2
dx y5
d 2 y 6a 2 x 2  6ax 3  2ax 3  2x 4  8ax 2 x 2  2x 4  8ax 3
 2
dx y5
d2y 2a 2 x 2
 2  5
dx y

39. Verify Rolle’s theorem for the function, y=x 2 +2 in the interval a,b
where a=-2,b=2 .
Ans: We have been given a continuous function which is also differentiable in the
given domain [since it is a polynomial].
We also have
f  a   f  2    2   2  6
2

f  b   f  2   2  2  6
2

Therefore, we have f  a   f  b 
So, according to Rolle’s theorem, there must exist a point c , such that f '  c   0
Let us find c
f '  x   2x
Replacing f '  x   0
0  2x
x 0c
We know that c   2,2
Hence, Rolle’s theorem is verified for the given function.

40. Verify Mean Value Theorem for the function, f  x  =x 2 in  2,4

Ans: We have been given a continuous function which is also differentiable in the
given domain [since it is a polynomial].
The Mean Value Theorem states that there must exist a point c such that
f  4  f  2
f ' c  
42
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We know that f '  x   2x , Let us find the point c
 4   2
2 2

f ' c  
42
12
 2c 
2
 2c  6
c3
We know that c   2,4
Hence, Mean Value Theorem is verified for the given function.

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