SLAB DESIGN

TWO-WAY SLAB
PROJECT: PROPESED THREE STOREY TWIN BUILDING
SLAB NAME: S1

MATERIAL PROPERTIES:
Compressive strength, f'c = 28 Mpa
Yield Strength, fy = 275 MPa
Length = 4.65 m
Es = 2000000 MPa
Ec = 24870.062 Mpa
Concrete Unit Weight = 23.544 kN/mᶟ
phi (ɸ) = 0.9
β1 = 0.85

DIMENSIONS:
Short Span (S) = 3 m Sn = 2.5 mm
Long Span (L) = 4.65 m Ln = 4.15 mm
Slab Reinf. Short Ø = 12 mm
Short Bar Area = 113.10 mm²
Slab Reinf. Long Ø = 10 mm
Long Bar Area = 78.54 mm²
Concrete Cover = 20 mm
Beam width, b = 500 mm

DESIGN REQUIREMENTS (Two-Way Slab)

2(L+S)
Minimum Slab Thickness =
180
15300
=
180
= 85.000000 mm

Design Slab Thickness = 125 mm

Main bars 1 effective depth (d) = 99 mm

Main bars 2 effective depth (d) = 88 mm

Sn 2.5
ratio (m) = = = 0.6024
Ln 4.15

Case: 9
DETERMINING ULTIMATE SERVICE LOAD, Wu:

Dead Loads, DL LOAD FACTORS:

Slab Weight = 2.943 kPa DL = 1.2
SDL = 1.54 kPa LL = 1.6
Partition Load = kPa
Total = 4.483 kPa

Live Load, LL = 4.8 kPa

WuDL = 5.3796 kPa

WuLL = 7.68 kPa

Factore Load (Wu) = 13.0596 kPa

ACI Coefficients, m: Interpolation

Ca, neg = 0.083
Ca, neg =
Ca, DL = 0.034
Ca, LL = 0.009
Cb, neg = 0.008
Ca, DL =
Cb, DL = 0.005
Cb, LL = 0.009

Ca, LL =
Edge conditions of the slab:

Cb, neg =

Cb, DL =

Cb, LL =
DESIGN SUMMARY
t = 125 mm S1
CASE: 9 Short Span (a) Long Span (b)
Parameters edge midspan edge midspan
C 0.0830 - 0.0080 -
CDL - 0.0340 - 0.0050
CLL - 0.0090 - 0.0090
MMS (kN/m) 9.7555 2.2682 1.7994 2.0761
d (mm) 99.00 99.00 88.00 88.00
R (N/mm2) 2.2119 0.5143 0.5163 0.5958
ρmax 0.0315 0.0315 0.0315 0.0315
ρmin 0.0051 0.0051 0.0051 0.0051
ρ 0.0085 0.0019 0.0019 0.0022
As (mm2) 837.19 504.00 448.00 448.00
Ø bar (mm) 12 Ø 12 Ø 10 Ø 10 Ø
S (mm) 125 200 175 175
Scs = 1.5SMS (mm) 175 300 250 250
Smax = 2t (mm) 250 250 250 250
SCSfinal (mm) 175 250 250 250

COMPUTATION OF MOMENT AT MIDSPAN, M:

A. SHORT SPAN, MIDDLE STRIP
AT CONTINUOUS EDGE
MS = (Wu) (Ca) (S2) = 9.755521 kN-m

AT MIDSPAN
MSDL = (WuDL)(Ca,DL)(S2) = 1.646158 kN-m
2
MSLL = (WULL)(Ca, LL)(S ) = 0.62208 kN-m
MS = MSDL +MSLL = 2.268238 kN-m

B. LONG SPAN, MIDDLE STRIP

AT CONTINUOUS EDGE
ML = (Wu) (Cb) (L2) = 1.799352 kN-m

AT MIDSPAN
MLDL = (WuDL) (Cb, DL) (L2) = 0.581602 kN-m
2
MLLL = (WuLL) (Cb, LL) (L ) = 1.49455 kN-m
ML = MLDL + MLLL = 2.076149 kN-m
COMPUTATION FOR FLEXURAL RESISTANCE FACTOR, R:
A. SHORT SPAN, MIDDLE STRIP
AT CONTINUOUS EDGE
Ms ( 9.755521)(1000000)
R = =
ɸ*b*d₁² ( 0.9)(500)(99)(99)
= 2.211911 MPa
ρ =
(0.85)(28) (2.2119)
=
275 (28)
= 0.00846

AT MIDSPAN
Ms ( 2.268238)(1000000)
R = =
ɸ*b*d₁² ( 0.9)(500)(99)(99)
= 0.514287 MPa
ρ =
(0.85)(28) (0.5143)
=
275 (3)
= 0.00189

B. LONG SPAN, MIDDLE STRIP

AT CONTINUOUS EDGE
ML ( 1.799352)(1000000)
R = =
ɸ*b*d₂² ( 0.9)(500)(88)(88)
= 0.516343 MPa
ρ =
(0.85)(28) (0.5163)
=
275 (28)
= 0.00190

AT MIDSPAN
ML ( 2.076149)(1000000)
R = =
ɸ*b*d₂² ( 0.9)(500)(88)(88)
= 0.595773 MPa
ρ =
(0.85)(28) (0.5958)
=
275 (28)
= 0.00219
SOLVING FOR STEEL RATIO, ρ
MAXIMUM ρ:

ρmax =
0.85(28)(0.85)(3)
=
(275)(7)
ρmax = 0.031527
MINIMUM ρ:
1.4 or f'c
ρmin =
fy 4fy
1.4
= = 0.00509
275
28
= = 0.00481
(4)(275)
֒ ρmin = 0.005091
SOLVE FOR SPACING OF MAIN BARS, S:
Note:
If ρmin < ρ < ρmax use ρ
If ρmax > ρ, increase slab thickness to ensure ductile failure
If ρ < ρmin, use ρ = ρmin

A. SHORT SPAN, MIDDLE STRIP

AT CONTINUOUS EDGE
Use ρ = 0.008456 for As1
As 1 = ρbd
= (0.008456)(1000)(99)
= 837.18919 mm²
Using 12mm bars, spacing will be;
Abar (113.10)(1000)
S = =
As 837.189185
S = 135.09491
≈ 125 mm *Round down to the nearest 25

Smax = 2t or 450
= 2 (125) = 250 or 450
Therefore, Smax = 250 mm

Note: Choose the least between S and S max

Therefore, S = 125 mm

AT MIDSPAN
Use ρ = 0.005091 for As1
As 1 = ρbd
= (0.005091)(1000)(99)
= 504 mm²
 Using 12mm bars, spacing will be;
Abar (113.10)(1000)
S = =
As 504.000000
S = 224.40476
≈ 200 mm *Round down to the nearest 25
Smax = 2t or 450
= 2 (125) = 250 or 450
Therefore, Smax = 250 mm

Note: Choose the least between S and S max

Therefore, S = 200 mm

B. LONG SPAN, MIDDLE STRIP

AT CONTINUOUS EDGE
Use ρ = 0.005091 for As1
As 1 = ρbd
= (0.005091)(1000)(88)
= 448 mm²

Using 10mm bars, spacing will be;

Abar (78.54)(1000)
S = =
As 448.000000
S = 175.31250
≈ 175 mm *Round down to the nearest 25
Smax = 2t or 450
= 2 (125) = 250 or 450
Therefore, Smax = 250 mm

Note: Choose the least between S and S max

Therefore, S = 175 mm
AT MIDSPAN
Use ρ = 0.005091 for As1
As 1 = ρbd
= (0.005091)(1000)(88)
= 448 mm²

Using 10mm bars, spacing will be;

Abar (78.54)(1000)
S = =
As 448.000000
S = 175.31250
≈ 175 mm *Round down to the nearest 25
Smax = 2t or 450
= 2 (125) = 250 or 450
Therefore, Smax = 250 mm

Note: Choose the least between S and S max

Therefore, S = 175 mm
 SLAB DESIGN
TWO-WAY SLAB
PROJECT: PROPESED THREE STOREY TWIN BUILDING
SLAB NAME: S2

MATERIAL PROPERTIES:
Compressive strength, f'c = 28 Mpa
Yield Strength, fy = 275 MPa
Length = 4.65 m
Es = 2000000 MPa
Ec = 24870.062 Mpa
Concrete Unit Weight = 23.544 kN/mᶟ
phi (ɸ) = 0.9
β1 = 0.85

DIMENSIONS:
Short Span (S) = 3 m Sn = 2.5 mm
Long Span (L) = 4.65 m Ln = 4.15 mm
Slab Reinf. Short Ø = 12 mm
Short Bar Area = 113.10 mm²
Slab Reinf. Long Ø = 10 mm
Long Bar Area = 78.54 mm²
Concrete Cover = 20 mm
Beam width, b = 500 mm

DESIGN REQUIREMENTS (Two-Way Slab)

2(L+S)
Minimum Slab Thickness =
180
15300
=
180
= 85.000000 mm

Design Slab Thickness = 125 mm

Main bars 1 effective depth (d) = 99 mm

Main bars 2 effective depth (d) = 88 mm

Sn 2.5
ratio (m) = = = 0.6024
Ln 4.15

Case: 4
DETERMINING ULTIMATE SERVICE LOAD, Wu:

Dead Loads, DL LOAD FACTORS:

Slab Weight = 2.943 kPa DL = 1.2
SDL = 1.54 kPa LL = 1.6
Partition Load = kPa
Total = 4.483 kPa

Live Load, LL = 4.8 kPa

WuDL = 5.3796 kPa

WuLL = 7.68 kPa

Factore Load (Wu) = 13.0596 kPa

ACI Coefficients, m: Interpolation

Ca, neg = 0.085
Ca, neg =
Ca, DL = 0.05
Ca, LL = 0.062
Cb, neg = 0.015
Ca, DL =
Cb, DL = 0.009
Cb, LL = 0.011

Ca, LL =
Edge conditions of the slab:

Cb, neg =

Cb, DL =

Cb, LL =
DESIGN SUMMARY
t = 125 mm S2
CASE: 4 Short Span (a) Long Span (b)
Parameters edge midspan edge midspan
C 0.0850 - 0.0150 -
CDL - 0.0500 - 0.0090
CLL - 0.0620 - 0.0110
MMS (kN/m) 9.9906 6.7063 3.3738 2.8736
d (mm) 99.00 99.00 88.00 88.00
R (N/mm2) 2.2652 1.5205 0.9681 0.8246
ρmax 0.0315 0.0315 0.0315 0.0315
ρmin 0.0051 0.0051 0.0051 0.0051
ρ 0.0087 0.0057 0.0036 0.0031
As (mm2) 858.48 504.00 448.00 448.00
Ø bar (mm) 12 Ø 12 Ø 10 Ø 10 Ø
S (mm) 125 200 175 175
Scs = 1.5SMS (mm) 175 300 250 250
Smax = 2t (mm) 250 250 250 250
SCSfinal (mm) 175 250 250 250

COMPUTATION OF MOMENT AT MIDSPAN, M:

A. SHORT SPAN, MIDDLE STRIP
AT CONTINUOUS EDGE
MS = (Wu) (Ca) (S2) = 9.990594 kN-m

AT MIDSPAN
MSDL = (WuDL)(Ca,DL)(S2) = 2.42082 kN-m
2
MSLL = (WULL)(Ca, LL)(S ) = 4.28544 kN-m
MS = MSDL +MSLL = 6.70626 kN-m

B. LONG SPAN, MIDDLE STRIP

AT CONTINUOUS EDGE
ML = (Wu) (Cb) (L2) = 3.373784 kN-m

AT MIDSPAN
MLDL = (WuDL) (Cb, DL) (L2) = 1.046884 kN-m
2
MLLL = (WuLL) (Cb, LL) (L ) = 1.82667 kN-m
ML = MLDL + MLLL = 2.873552 kN-m
COMPUTATION FOR FLEXURAL RESISTANCE FACTOR, R:
A. SHORT SPAN, MIDDLE STRIP
AT CONTINUOUS EDGE
Ms ( 9.990594)(1000000)
R = =
ɸ*b*d₁² ( 0.9)(500)(99)(99)
= 2.265210 MPa
ρ =
(0.85)(28) (2.2652)
=
275 (28)
= 0.00867

AT MIDSPAN
Ms ( 6.70626)(1000000)
R = =
ɸ*b*d₁² ( 0.9)(500)(99)(99)
= 1.520539 MPa
ρ =
(0.85)(28) (1.5205)
=
275 (3)
= 0.00572

B. LONG SPAN, MIDDLE STRIP

AT CONTINUOUS EDGE
ML ( 3.373784)(1000000)
R = =
ɸ*b*d₂² ( 0.9)(500)(88)(88)
= 0.968143 MPa
ρ =
(0.85)(28) (0.9681)
=
275 (28)
= 0.00360

AT MIDSPAN
ML ( 2.873552)(1000000)
R = =
ɸ*b*d₂² ( 0.9)(500)(88)(88)
= 0.824596 MPa
ρ =
(0.85)(28) (0.8246)
=
275 (28)
= 0.00305
SOLVING FOR STEEL RATIO, ρ
MAXIMUM ρ:

ρmax =
0.85(28)(0.85)(3)
=
(275)(7)
ρmax = 0.031527
MINIMUM ρ:
1.4 or f'c
ρmin =
fy 4fy
1.4
= = 0.00509
275
28
= = 0.00481
(4)(275)
֒ ρmin = 0.005091
SOLVE FOR SPACING OF MAIN BARS, S:
Note:
If ρmin < ρ < ρmax use ρ
If ρmax > ρ, increase slab thickness to ensure ductile failure
If ρ < ρmin, use ρ = ρmin

A. SHORT SPAN, MIDDLE STRIP

AT CONTINUOUS EDGE
Use ρ = 0.008672 for As1
As 1 = ρbd
= (0.008672)(1000)(99)
= 858.48405 mm²
Using 12mm bars, spacing will be;
Abar (113.10)(1000)
S = =
As 858.484053
S = 131.74386
≈ 125 mm *Round down to the nearest 25

Smax = 2t or 450
= 2 (125) = 250 or 450
Therefore, Smax = 250 mm

Note: Choose the least between S and S max

Therefore, S = 125 mm

AT MIDSPAN
Use ρ = 0.005091 for As1
As 1 = ρbd
= (0.005091)(1000)(99)
= 504 mm²
 Using 12mm bars, spacing will be;
Abar (113.10)(1000)
S = =
As 504.000000
S = 224.40476
≈ 200 mm *Round down to the nearest 25
Smax = 2t or 450
= 2 (125) = 250 or 450
Therefore, Smax = 250 mm

Note: Choose the least between S and S max

Therefore, S = 200 mm

B. LONG SPAN, MIDDLE STRIP

AT CONTINUOUS EDGE
Use ρ = 0.005091 for As1
As 1 = ρbd
= (0.005091)(1000)(88)
= 448 mm²

Using 10mm bars, spacing will be;

Abar (78.54)(1000)
S = =
As 448.000000
S = 175.31250
≈ 175 mm *Round down to the nearest 25
Smax = 2t or 450
= 2 (125) = 250 or 450
Therefore, Smax = 250 mm

Note: Choose the least between S and S max

Therefore, S = 175 mm
AT MIDSPAN
Use ρ = 0.005091 for As1
As 1 = ρbd
= (0.005091)(1000)(88)
= 448 mm²

Using 10mm bars, spacing will be;

Abar (78.54)(1000)
S = =
As 448.000000
S = 175.31250
≈ 175 mm *Round down to the nearest 25
Smax = 2t or 450
= 2 (125) = 250 or 450
Therefore, Smax = 250 mm

Note: Choose the least between S and S max

Therefore, S = 175 mm
 SLAB DESIGN
TWO-WAY SLAB
PROJECT: PROPESED THREE STOREY TWIN BUILDING
SLAB NAME: S3

MATERIAL PROPERTIES:
Compressive strength, f'c = 28 Mpa
Yield Strength, fy = 275 MPa
Length = 5 m
Es = 2000000 MPa
Ec = 24870.062 Mpa
Concrete Unit Weight = 23.544 kN/mᶟ
phi (ɸ) = 0.9
β1 = 0.85

DIMENSIONS:
Short Span (S) = 4.65 m Sn = 4.15 mm
Long Span (L) = 5 m Ln = 4.5 mm
Slab Reinf. Short Ø = 12 mm
Short Bar Area = 113.10 mm²
Slab Reinf. Long Ø = 10 mm
Long Bar Area = 78.54 mm²
Concrete Cover = 20 mm
Beam width, b = 500 mm

DESIGN REQUIREMENTS (Two-Way Slab)

2(L+S)
Minimum Slab Thickness =
180
19300
=
180
= 107.222222 mm

Design Slab Thickness = 125 mm

Main bars 1 effective depth (d) = 99 mm

Main bars 2 effective depth (d) = 88 mm

Sn 4.15
ratio (m) = = = 0.9222
Ln 4.5

Case: 8
DETERMINING ULTIMATE SERVICE LOAD, Wu:

Dead Loads, DL LOAD FACTORS:

Slab Weight = 2.943 kPa DL = 1.2
SDL = 1.54 kPa LL = 1.6
Partition Load = kPa
Total = 4.483 kPa

Live Load, LL = 4.8 kPa

WuDL = 5.3796 kPa

WuLL = 7.68 kPa

Factore Load (Wu) = 13.0596 kPa

ACI Coefficients, m: Interpolation

Ca, neg = 0.0866
Ca, neg =
Ca, DL = 0.0656
Ca, LL = 0.0724
Cb, neg = 0.0124
Ca, DL =
Cb, DL = 0.00316
Cb, LL = 0.0062

Ca, LL =
Edge conditions of the slab:

Cb, neg =

Cb, DL =

Cb, LL =
DESIGN SUMMARY
t = 125 mm S3
CASE: 8 Short Span (a) Long Span (b)
Parameters edge midspan edge midspan
C 0.0866 - 0.0124 -
CDL - 0.0656 - 0.0032
CLL - 0.0724 - 0.0062
MMS (kN/m) 24.4542 19.6534 3.2793 1.6154
d (mm) 99.00 99.00 88.00 88.00
R (N/mm2) 5.5446 4.4561 0.9410 0.4636
ρmax 0.0315 0.0315 0.0315 0.0315
ρmin 0.0051 0.0051 0.0051 0.0051
ρ 0.0233 0.0181 0.0035 0.0017
As (mm2) 2306.52 504.00 448.00 448.00
Ø bar (mm) 12 Ø 12 Ø 10 Ø 10 Ø
S (mm) 25 200 175 175
Scs = 1.5SMS (mm) 25 300 250 250
Smax = 2t (mm) 250 250 250 250
SCSfinal (mm) 25 250 250 250

COMPUTATION OF MOMENT AT MIDSPAN, M:

A. SHORT SPAN, MIDDLE STRIP
AT CONTINUOUS EDGE
MS = (Wu) (Ca) (S2) = 24.45421 kN-m

AT MIDSPAN
MSDL = (WuDL)(Ca,DL)(S2) = 7.630618 kN-m
2
MSLL = (WULL)(Ca, LL)(S ) = 12.0228 kN-m
MS = MSDL +MSLL = 19.65342 kN-m

B. LONG SPAN, MIDDLE STRIP

AT CONTINUOUS EDGE
ML = (Wu) (Cb) (L2) = 3.279266 kN-m

AT MIDSPAN
MLDL = (WuDL) (Cb, DL) (L2) = 0.424988 kN-m
2
MLLL = (WuLL) (Cb, LL) (L ) = 1.19040 kN-m
ML = MLDL + MLLL = 1.615388 kN-m
COMPUTATION FOR FLEXURAL RESISTANCE FACTOR, R:
A. SHORT SPAN, MIDDLE STRIP
AT CONTINUOUS EDGE
Ms ( 24.454212)(1000000)
R = =
ɸ*b*d₁² ( 0.9)(500)(99)(99)
= 5.544607 MPa
ρ =
(0.85)(28) (5.5446)
=
275 (28)
= 0.02330

AT MIDSPAN
Ms ( 19.65342)(1000000)
R = =
ɸ*b*d₁² ( 0.9)(500)(99)(99)
= 4.456103 MPa
ρ =
(0.85)(28) (4.4561)
=
275 (4.65)
= 0.01810

B. LONG SPAN, MIDDLE STRIP

AT CONTINUOUS EDGE
ML ( 3.279266)(1000000)
R = =
ɸ*b*d₂² ( 0.9)(500)(88)(88)
= 0.941020 MPa
ρ =
(0.85)(28) (0.941)
=
275 (28)
= 0.00349

AT MIDSPAN
ML ( 1.615388)(1000000)
R = =
ɸ*b*d₂² ( 0.9)(500)(88)(88)
= 0.463553 MPa
ρ =
(0.85)(28) (0.4636)
=
275 (28)
= 0.00170
SOLVING FOR STEEL RATIO, ρ
MAXIMUM ρ:

ρmax =
0.85(28)(0.85)(3)
=
(275)(7)
ρmax = 0.031527
MINIMUM ρ:
1.4 or f'c
ρmin =
fy 4fy
1.4
= = 0.00509
275
28
= = 0.00481
(4)(275)
֒ ρmin = 0.005091
SOLVE FOR SPACING OF MAIN BARS, S:
Note:
If ρmin < ρ < ρmax use ρ
If ρmax > ρ, increase slab thickness to ensure ductile failure
If ρ < ρmin, use ρ = ρmin

A. SHORT SPAN, MIDDLE STRIP

AT CONTINUOUS EDGE
Use ρ = 0.023298 for As1
As 1 = ρbd
= (0.023298)(1000)(99)
= 2306.5173 mm²
Using 12mm bars, spacing will be;
Abar (113.10)(1000)
S = =
As 2306.517339
S = 49.03497
≈ 25 mm *Round down to the nearest 25

Smax = 2t or 450
= 2 (125) = 250 or 450
Therefore, Smax = 250 mm

Note: Choose the least between S and S max

Therefore, S = 25 mm

AT MIDSPAN
Use ρ = 0.005091 for As1
As 1 = ρbd
= (0.005091)(1000)(99)
= 504 mm²
 Using 12mm bars, spacing will be;
Abar (113.10)(1000)
S = =
As 504.000000
S = 224.40476
≈ 200 mm *Round down to the nearest 25
Smax = 2t or 450
= 2 (125) = 250 or 450
Therefore, Smax = 250 mm

Note: Choose the least between S and S max

Therefore, S = 200 mm

B. LONG SPAN, MIDDLE STRIP

AT CONTINUOUS EDGE
Use ρ = 0.005091 for As1
As 1 = ρbd
= (0.005091)(1000)(88)
= 448 mm²

Using 10mm bars, spacing will be;

Abar (78.54)(1000)
S = =
As 448.000000
S = 175.31250
≈ 175 mm *Round down to the nearest 25
Smax = 2t or 450
= 2 (125) = 250 or 450
Therefore, Smax = 250 mm

Note: Choose the least between S and S max

Therefore, S = 175 mm
AT MIDSPAN
Use ρ = 0.005091 for As1
As 1 = ρbd
= (0.005091)(1000)(88)
= 448 mm²

Using 10mm bars, spacing will be;

Abar (78.54)(1000)
S = =
As 448.000000
S = 175.31250
≈ 175 mm *Round down to the nearest 25
Smax = 2t or 450
= 2 (125) = 250 or 450
Therefore, Smax = 250 mm

Note: Choose the least between S and S max

Therefore, S = 175 mm
 SLAB DESIGN
TWO-WAY SLAB
PROJECT: PROPESED THREE STOREY TWIN BUILDING
SLAB NAME: S4

MATERIAL PROPERTIES:
Compressive strength, f'c = 28 Mpa
Yield Strength, fy = 275 MPa
Length = 5 m
Es = 2000000 MPa
Ec = 24870.062 Mpa
Concrete Unit Weight = 23.544 kN/mᶟ
phi (ɸ) = 0.9
β1 = 0.85

DIMENSIONS:
Short Span (S) = 3.6 m Sn = 3.1 mm
Long Span (L) = 5 m Ln = 4.5 mm
Slab Reinf. Short Ø = 12 mm
Short Bar Area = 113.10 mm²
Slab Reinf. Long Ø = 10 mm
Long Bar Area = 78.54 mm²
Concrete Cover = 20 mm
Beam width, b = 500 mm

DESIGN REQUIREMENTS (Two-Way Slab)

2(L+S)
Minimum Slab Thickness =
180
17200
=
180
= 95.555556 mm

Design Slab Thickness = 125 mm

Main bars 1 effective depth (d) = 99 mm

Main bars 2 effective depth (d) = 88 mm

Sn 3.1
ratio (m) = = = 0.6889
Ln 4.5

Case: 9
DETERMINING ULTIMATE SERVICE LOAD, Wu:

Dead Loads, DL LOAD FACTORS:

Slab Weight = 2.943 kPa DL = 1.2
SDL = 1.54 kPa LL = 1.6
Partition Load = kPa
Total = 4.483 kPa

Live Load, LL = 4.8 kPa

WuDL = 5.3796 kPa

WuLL = 7.68 kPa

Factore Load (Wu) = 13.0596 kPa

ACI Coefficients, m: Interpolation

Ca, neg = 0.083
Ca, neg =
Ca, DL = 0.034
Ca, LL = 0.009
Cb, neg = 0.008
Ca, DL =
Cb, DL = 0.005
Cb, LL = 0.009

Ca, LL =
Edge conditions of the slab:

Cb, neg =

Cb, DL =

Cb, LL =
DESIGN SUMMARY
t = 125 mm S4
CASE: 9 Short Span (a) Long Span (b)
Parameters edge midspan edge midspan
C 0.0830 - 0.0080 -
CDL - 0.0340 - 0.0050
CLL - 0.0090 - 0.0090
MMS (kN/m) 14.0480 3.2663 2.1157 2.4005
d (mm) 99.00 99.00 88.00 88.00
R (N/mm2) 3.1852 0.7406 0.6071 0.6888
ρmax 0.0315 0.0315 0.0315 0.0315
ρmin 0.0051 0.0051 0.0051 0.0051
ρ 0.0125 0.0027 0.0022 0.0025
As (mm2) 1235.77 504.00 448.00 448.00
Ø bar (mm) 12 Ø 12 Ø 10 Ø 10 Ø
S (mm) 75 200 175 175
Scs = 1.5SMS (mm) 100 300 250 250
Smax = 2t (mm) 250 250 250 250
SCSfinal (mm) 100 250 250 250

COMPUTATION OF MOMENT AT MIDSPAN, M:

A. SHORT SPAN, MIDDLE STRIP
AT CONTINUOUS EDGE
MS = (Wu) (Ca) (S2) = 14.04795 kN-m

AT MIDSPAN
MSDL = (WuDL)(Ca,DL)(S2) = 2.370467 kN-m
2
MSLL = (WULL)(Ca, LL)(S ) = 0.895795 kN-m
MS = MSDL +MSLL = 3.266262 kN-m

B. LONG SPAN, MIDDLE STRIP

AT CONTINUOUS EDGE
ML = (Wu) (Cb) (L2) = 2.115655 kN-m

AT MIDSPAN
MLDL = (WuDL) (Cb, DL) (L2) = 0.67245 kN-m
2
MLLL = (WuLL) (Cb, LL) (L ) = 1.72800 kN-m
ML = MLDL + MLLL = 2.40045 kN-m
COMPUTATION FOR FLEXURAL RESISTANCE FACTOR, R:
A. SHORT SPAN, MIDDLE STRIP
AT CONTINUOUS EDGE
Ms ( 14.047951)(1000000)
R = =
ɸ*b*d₁² ( 0.9)(500)(99)(99)
= 3.185151 MPa
ρ =
(0.85)(28) (3.1852)
=
275 (28)
= 0.01248

AT MIDSPAN
Ms ( 3.266262)(1000000)
R = =
ɸ*b*d₁² ( 0.9)(500)(99)(99)
= 0.740573 MPa
ρ =
(0.85)(28) (0.7406)
=
275 (3.6)
= 0.00274

B. LONG SPAN, MIDDLE STRIP

AT CONTINUOUS EDGE
ML ( 2.115655)(1000000)
R = =
ɸ*b*d₂² ( 0.9)(500)(88)(88)
= 0.607110 MPa
ρ =
(0.85)(28) (0.6071)
=
275 (28)
= 0.00224

AT MIDSPAN
ML ( 2.40045)(1000000)
R = =
ɸ*b*d₂² ( 0.9)(500)(88)(88)
= 0.688834 MPa
ρ =
(0.85)(28) (0.6888)
=
275 (28)
= 0.00254
SOLVING FOR STEEL RATIO, ρ
MAXIMUM ρ:

ρmax =
0.85(28)(0.85)(3)
=
(275)(7)
ρmax = 0.031527
MINIMUM ρ:
1.4 or f'c
ρmin =
fy 4fy
1.4
= = 0.00509
275
28
= = 0.00481
(4)(275)
֒ ρmin = 0.005091
SOLVE FOR SPACING OF MAIN BARS, S:
Note:
If ρmin < ρ < ρmax use ρ
If ρmax > ρ, increase slab thickness to ensure ductile failure
If ρ < ρmin, use ρ = ρmin

A. SHORT SPAN, MIDDLE STRIP

AT CONTINUOUS EDGE
Use ρ = 0.012483 for As1
As 1 = ρbd
= (0.012483)(1000)(99)
= 1235.773 mm²
Using 12mm bars, spacing will be;
Abar (113.10)(1000)
S = =
As 1235.772980
S = 91.52166
≈ 75 mm *Round down to the nearest 25

Smax = 2t or 450
= 2 (125) = 250 or 450
Therefore, Smax = 250 mm

Note: Choose the least between S and S max

Therefore, S = 75 mm

AT MIDSPAN
Use ρ = 0.005091 for As1
As 1 = ρbd
= (0.005091)(1000)(99)
= 504 mm²
 Using 12mm bars, spacing will be;
Abar (113.10)(1000)
S = =
As 504.000000
S = 224.40476
≈ 200 mm *Round down to the nearest 25
Smax = 2t or 450
= 2 (125) = 250 or 450
Therefore, Smax = 250 mm

Note: Choose the least between S and S max

Therefore, S = 200 mm

B. LONG SPAN, MIDDLE STRIP

AT CONTINUOUS EDGE
Use ρ = 0.005091 for As1
As 1 = ρbd
= (0.005091)(1000)(88)
= 448 mm²

Using 10mm bars, spacing will be;

Abar (78.54)(1000)
S = =
As 448.000000
S = 175.31250
≈ 175 mm *Round down to the nearest 25
Smax = 2t or 450
= 2 (125) = 250 or 450
Therefore, Smax = 250 mm

Note: Choose the least between S and S max

Therefore, S = 175 mm
AT MIDSPAN
Use ρ = 0.005091 for As1
As 1 = ρbd
= (0.005091)(1000)(88)
= 448 mm²

Using 10mm bars, spacing will be;

Abar (78.54)(1000)
S = =
As 448.000000
S = 175.31250
≈ 175 mm *Round down to the nearest 25
Smax = 2t or 450
= 2 (125) = 250 or 450
Therefore, Smax = 250 mm

Note: Choose the least between S and S max

Therefore, S = 175 mm
 SLAB DESIGN
TWO-WAY SLAB
PROJECT: PROPESED THREE STOREY TWIN BUILDING
SLAB NAME: S4

MATERIAL PROPERTIES:
Compressive strength, f'c = 28 Mpa
Yield Strength, fy = 275 MPa
Length = 5 m
Es = 2000000 MPa
Ec = 24870.062 Mpa
Concrete Unit Weight = 23.544 kN/mᶟ
phi (ɸ) = 0.9
β1 = 0.85

DIMENSIONS:
Short Span (S) = 3.6 m Sn = 3.1 mm
Long Span (L) = 5 m Ln = 4.5 mm
Slab Reinf. Short Ø = 12 mm
Short Bar Area = 113.10 mm²
Slab Reinf. Long Ø = 10 mm
Long Bar Area = 78.54 mm²
Concrete Cover = 20 mm
Beam width, b = 500 mm

DESIGN REQUIREMENTS (Two-Way Slab)

2(L+S)
Minimum Slab Thickness =
180
17200
=
180
= 95.555556 mm

Design Slab Thickness = 125 mm

Main bars 1 effective depth (d) = 99 mm

Main bars 2 effective depth (d) = 88 mm

Sn 3.1
ratio (m) = = = 0.6889
Ln 4.5

Case: 2
DETERMINING ULTIMATE SERVICE LOAD, Wu:

Dead Loads, DL LOAD FACTORS:

Slab Weight = 2.943 kPa DL = 1.2
SDL = 1.54 kPa LL = 1.6
Partition Load = kPa
Total = 4.483 kPa

Live Load, LL = 4.8 kPa

WuDL = 5.3796 kPa

WuLL = 7.68 kPa

Factore Load (Wu) = 13.0596 kPa

ACI Coefficients, m: Interpolation

Ca, neg = 0.0844
Ca, neg =
Ca, DL = 0.0354
Ca, LL = 0.0628
Cb, neg = 0.0068
Ca, DL =
Cb, DL = 0.0028
Cb, LL = 0.0056

Ca, LL =
Edge conditions of the slab:

Cb, neg =

Cb, DL =

Cb, LL =
DESIGN SUMMARY
t = 125 mm S4
CASE: 2 Short Span (a) Long Span (b)
Parameters edge midspan edge midspan
C 0.0844 - 0.0068 -
CDL - 0.0354 - 0.0028
CLL - 0.0628 - 0.0056
MMS (kN/m) 14.2849 8.7187 1.7983 1.4518
d (mm) 99.00 99.00 88.00 88.00
R (N/mm2) 3.2389 1.9768 0.5160 0.4166
ρmax 0.0315 0.0315 0.0315 0.0315
ρmin 0.0051 0.0051 0.0051 0.0051
ρ 0.0127 0.0075 0.0019 0.0015
As (mm2) 1258.41 504.00 448.00 448.00
Ø bar (mm) 12 Ø 12 Ø 10 Ø 10 Ø
S (mm) 75 200 175 175
Scs = 1.5SMS (mm) 100 300 250 250
Smax = 2t (mm) 250 250 250 250
SCSfinal (mm) 100 250 250 250

COMPUTATION OF MOMENT AT MIDSPAN, M:

A. SHORT SPAN, MIDDLE STRIP
AT CONTINUOUS EDGE
MS = (Wu) (Ca) (S2) = 14.2849 kN-m

AT MIDSPAN
MSDL = (WuDL)(Ca,DL)(S2) = 2.468074 kN-m
2
MSLL = (WULL)(Ca, LL)(S ) = 6.25066 kN-m
MS = MSDL +MSLL = 8.718734 kN-m

B. LONG SPAN, MIDDLE STRIP

AT CONTINUOUS EDGE
ML = (Wu) (Cb) (L2) = 1.798307 kN-m

AT MIDSPAN
MLDL = (WuDL) (Cb, DL) (L2) = 0.376572 kN-m
2
MLLL = (WuLL) (Cb, LL) (L ) = 1.07520 kN-m
ML = MLDL + MLLL = 1.451772 kN-m
COMPUTATION FOR FLEXURAL RESISTANCE FACTOR, R:
A. SHORT SPAN, MIDDLE STRIP
AT CONTINUOUS EDGE
Ms ( 14.284904)(1000000)
R = =
ɸ*b*d₁² ( 0.9)(500)(99)(99)
= 3.238877 MPa
ρ =
(0.85)(28) (3.2389)
=
275 (28)
= 0.01271

AT MIDSPAN
Ms ( 8.718734)(1000000)
R = =
ɸ*b*d₁² ( 0.9)(500)(99)(99)
= 1.976836 MPa
ρ =
(0.85)(28) (1.9768)
=
275 (3.6)
= 0.00751

B. LONG SPAN, MIDDLE STRIP

AT CONTINUOUS EDGE
ML ( 1.798307)(1000000)
R = =
ɸ*b*d₂² ( 0.9)(500)(88)(88)
= 0.516043 MPa
ρ =
(0.85)(28) (0.516)
=
275 (28)
= 0.00190

AT MIDSPAN
ML ( 1.451772)(1000000)
R = =
ɸ*b*d₂² ( 0.9)(500)(88)(88)
= 0.416601 MPa
ρ =
(0.85)(28) (0.4166)
=
275 (28)
= 0.00153
SOLVING FOR STEEL RATIO, ρ
MAXIMUM ρ:

ρmax =
0.85(28)(0.85)(3)
=
(275)(7)
ρmax = 0.031527
MINIMUM ρ:
1.4 or f'c
ρmin =
fy 4fy
1.4
= = 0.00509
275
28
= = 0.00481
(4)(275)
֒ ρmin = 0.005091
SOLVE FOR SPACING OF MAIN BARS, S:
Note:
If ρmin < ρ < ρmax use ρ
If ρmax > ρ, increase slab thickness to ensure ductile failure
If ρ < ρmin, use ρ = ρmin

A. SHORT SPAN, MIDDLE STRIP

AT CONTINUOUS EDGE
Use ρ = 0.012711 for As1
As 1 = ρbd
= (0.012711)(1000)(99)
= 1258.4088 mm²
Using 12mm bars, spacing will be;
Abar (113.10)(1000)
S = =
As 1258.408838
S = 89.87540
≈ 75 mm *Round down to the nearest 25

Smax = 2t or 450
= 2 (125) = 250 or 450
Therefore, Smax = 250 mm

Note: Choose the least between S and S max

Therefore, S = 75 mm

AT MIDSPAN
Use ρ = 0.005091 for As1
As 1 = ρbd
= (0.005091)(1000)(99)
= 504 mm²
 Using 12mm bars, spacing will be;
Abar (113.10)(1000)
S = =
As 504.000000
S = 224.40476
≈ 200 mm *Round down to the nearest 25
Smax = 2t or 450
= 2 (125) = 250 or 450
Therefore, Smax = 250 mm

Note: Choose the least between S and S max

Therefore, S = 200 mm

B. LONG SPAN, MIDDLE STRIP

AT CONTINUOUS EDGE
Use ρ = 0.005091 for As1
As 1 = ρbd
= (0.005091)(1000)(88)
= 448 mm²

Using 10mm bars, spacing will be;

Abar (78.54)(1000)
S = =
As 448.000000
S = 175.31250
≈ 175 mm *Round down to the nearest 25
Smax = 2t or 450
= 2 (125) = 250 or 450
Therefore, Smax = 250 mm

Note: Choose the least between S and S max

Therefore, S = 175 mm
AT MIDSPAN
Use ρ = 0.005091 for As1
As 1 = ρbd
= (0.005091)(1000)(88)
= 448 mm²

Using 10mm bars, spacing will be;

Abar (78.54)(1000)
S = =
As 448.000000
S = 175.31250
≈ 175 mm *Round down to the nearest 25
Smax = 2t or 450
= 2 (125) = 250 or 450
Therefore, Smax = 250 mm

Note: Choose the least between S and S max

Therefore, S = 175 mm
 SLAB DESIGN
TWO-WAY SLAB
PROJECT: PROPESED THREE STOREY TWIN BUILDING
SLAB NAME: S5

MATERIAL PROPERTIES:
Compressive strength, f'c = 28 Mpa
Yield Strength, fy = 275 MPa
Length = 5 m
Es = 2000000 MPa
Ec = 24870.062 Mpa
Concrete Unit Weight = 23.544 kN/mᶟ
phi (ɸ) = 0.9
β1 = 0.85

DIMENSIONS:
Short Span (S) = 3.75 m Sn = 3.25 mm
Long Span (L) = 5 m Ln = 4.5 mm
Slab Reinf. Short Ø = 12 mm
Short Bar Area = 113.10 mm²
Slab Reinf. Long Ø = 10 mm
Long Bar Area = 78.54 mm²
Concrete Cover = 20 mm
Beam width, b = 500 mm

DESIGN REQUIREMENTS (Two-Way Slab)

2(L+S)
Minimum Slab Thickness =
180
17500
=
180
= 97.222222 mm

Design Slab Thickness = 125 mm

Main bars 1 effective depth (d) = 99 mm

Main bars 2 effective depth (d) = 88 mm

Sn 3.25
ratio (m) = = = 0.7222
Ln 4.5

Case: 9
DETERMINING ULTIMATE SERVICE LOAD, Wu:

Dead Loads, DL LOAD FACTORS:

Slab Weight = 2.943 kPa DL = 1.2
SDL = 1.54 kPa LL = 1.6
Partition Load = kPa
Total = 4.483 kPa

Live Load, LL = 4.8 kPa

WuDL = 5.3796 kPa

WuLL = 7.68 kPa

Factore Load (Wu) = 13.0596 kPa

ACI Coefficients, m: Interpolation

Ca, neg = 0.083
Ca, neg =
Ca, DL = 0.034
Ca, LL = 0.009
Cb, neg = 0.008
Ca, DL =
Cb, DL = 0.005
Cb, LL = 0.009

Ca, LL =
Edge conditions of the slab:

Cb, neg =

Cb, DL =

Cb, LL =
DESIGN SUMMARY
t = 125 mm S5
CASE: 9 Short Span (a) Long Span (b)
Parameters edge midspan edge midspan
C 0.0830 - 0.0080 -
CDL - 0.0340 - 0.0050
CLL - 0.0090 - 0.0090
MMS (kN/m) 15.2430 3.5441 2.1157 2.4005
d (mm) 99.00 99.00 88.00 88.00
R (N/mm2) 3.4561 0.8036 0.6071 0.6888
ρmax 0.0315 0.0315 0.0315 0.0315
ρmin 0.0051 0.0051 0.0051 0.0051
ρ 0.0136 0.0030 0.0022 0.0025
As (mm2) 1350.66 504.00 448.00 448.00
Ø bar (mm) 12 Ø 12 Ø 10 Ø 10 Ø
S (mm) 75 200 175 175
Scs = 1.5SMS (mm) 100 300 250 250
Smax = 2t (mm) 250 250 250 250
SCSfinal (mm) 100 250 250 250

COMPUTATION OF MOMENT AT MIDSPAN, M:

A. SHORT SPAN, MIDDLE STRIP
AT CONTINUOUS EDGE
MS = (Wu) (Ca) (S2) = 15.243 kN-m

AT MIDSPAN
MSDL = (WuDL)(Ca,DL)(S2) = 2.572121 kN-m
2
MSLL = (WULL)(Ca, LL)(S ) = 0.972 kN-m
MS = MSDL +MSLL = 3.544121 kN-m

B. LONG SPAN, MIDDLE STRIP

AT CONTINUOUS EDGE
ML = (Wu) (Cb) (L2) = 2.115655 kN-m

AT MIDSPAN
MLDL = (WuDL) (Cb, DL) (L2) = 0.67245 kN-m
2
MLLL = (WuLL) (Cb, LL) (L ) = 1.72800 kN-m
ML = MLDL + MLLL = 2.40045 kN-m
COMPUTATION FOR FLEXURAL RESISTANCE FACTOR, R:
A. SHORT SPAN, MIDDLE STRIP
AT CONTINUOUS EDGE
Ms ( 15.243002)(1000000)
R = =
ɸ*b*d₁² ( 0.9)(500)(99)(99)
= 3.456110 MPa
ρ =
(0.85)(28) (3.4561)
=
275 (28)
= 0.01364

AT MIDSPAN
Ms ( 3.544121)(1000000)
R = =
ɸ*b*d₁² ( 0.9)(500)(99)(99)
= 0.803574 MPa
ρ =
(0.85)(28) (0.8036)
=
275 (3.75)
= 0.00297

B. LONG SPAN, MIDDLE STRIP

AT CONTINUOUS EDGE
ML ( 2.115655)(1000000)
R = =
ɸ*b*d₂² ( 0.9)(500)(88)(88)
= 0.607110 MPa
ρ =
(0.85)(28) (0.6071)
=
275 (28)
= 0.00224

AT MIDSPAN
ML ( 2.40045)(1000000)
R = =
ɸ*b*d₂² ( 0.9)(500)(88)(88)
= 0.688834 MPa
ρ =
(0.85)(28) (0.6888)
=
275 (28)
= 0.00254
SOLVING FOR STEEL RATIO, ρ
MAXIMUM ρ:

ρmax =
0.85(28)(0.85)(3)
=
(275)(7)
ρmax = 0.031527
MINIMUM ρ:
1.4 or f'c
ρmin =
fy 4fy
1.4
= = 0.00509
275
28
= = 0.00481
(4)(275)
֒ ρmin = 0.005091
SOLVE FOR SPACING OF MAIN BARS, S:
Note:
If ρmin < ρ < ρmax use ρ
If ρmax > ρ, increase slab thickness to ensure ductile failure
If ρ < ρmin, use ρ = ρmin

A. SHORT SPAN, MIDDLE STRIP

AT CONTINUOUS EDGE
Use ρ = 0.013643 for As1
As 1 = ρbd
= (0.013643)(1000)(99)
= 1350.6586 mm²
Using 12mm bars, spacing will be;
Abar (113.10)(1000)
S = =
As 1350.658556
S = 83.73693
≈ 75 mm *Round down to the nearest 25

Smax = 2t or 450
= 2 (125) = 250 or 450
Therefore, Smax = 250 mm

Note: Choose the least between S and S max

Therefore, S = 75 mm

AT MIDSPAN
Use ρ = 0.005091 for As1
As 1 = ρbd
= (0.005091)(1000)(99)
= 504 mm²
 Using 12mm bars, spacing will be;
Abar (113.10)(1000)
S = =
As 504.000000
S = 224.40476
≈ 200 mm *Round down to the nearest 25
Smax = 2t or 450
= 2 (125) = 250 or 450
Therefore, Smax = 250 mm

Note: Choose the least between S and S max

Therefore, S = 200 mm

B. LONG SPAN, MIDDLE STRIP

AT CONTINUOUS EDGE
Use ρ = 0.005091 for As1
As 1 = ρbd
= (0.005091)(1000)(88)
= 448 mm²

Using 10mm bars, spacing will be;

Abar (78.54)(1000)
S = =
As 448.000000
S = 175.31250
≈ 175 mm *Round down to the nearest 25
Smax = 2t or 450
= 2 (125) = 250 or 450
Therefore, Smax = 250 mm

Note: Choose the least between S and S max

Therefore, S = 175 mm
AT MIDSPAN
Use ρ = 0.005091 for As1
As 1 = ρbd
= (0.005091)(1000)(88)
= 448 mm²

Using 10mm bars, spacing will be;

Abar (78.54)(1000)
S = =
As 448.000000
S = 175.31250
≈ 175 mm *Round down to the nearest 25
Smax = 2t or 450
= 2 (125) = 250 or 450
Therefore, Smax = 250 mm

Note: Choose the least between S and S max

Therefore, S = 175 mm
 SLAB DESIGN
TWO-WAY SLAB
PROJECT: PROPESED THREE STOREY TWIN BUILDING
SLAB NAME: S5

MATERIAL PROPERTIES:
Compressive strength, f'c = 28 Mpa
Yield Strength, fy = 275 MPa
Length = 4.65 m
Es = 2000000 MPa
Ec = 24870.062 Mpa
Concrete Unit Weight = 23.544 kN/mᶟ
phi (ɸ) = 0.9
β1 = 0.85

DIMENSIONS:
Short Span (S) = 3 m Sn = 2.5 mm
Long Span (L) = 4.65 m Ln = 4.15 mm
Slab Reinf. Short Ø = 12 mm
Short Bar Area = 113.10 mm²
Slab Reinf. Long Ø = 10 mm
Long Bar Area = 78.54 mm²
Concrete Cover = 20 mm
Beam width, b = 500 mm

DESIGN REQUIREMENTS (Two-Way Slab)

2(L+S)
Minimum Slab Thickness =
180
15300
=
180
= 85.000000 mm

Design Slab Thickness = 125 mm

Main bars 1 effective depth (d) = 99 mm

Main bars 2 effective depth (d) = 88 mm

Sn 2.5
ratio (m) = = = 0.6024
Ln 4.15

Case: 2
DETERMINING ULTIMATE SERVICE LOAD, Wu:

Dead Loads, DL LOAD FACTORS:

Slab Weight = 2.943 kPa DL = 1.2
SDL = 1.54 kPa LL = 1.6
Partition Load = kPa
Total = 4.483 kPa

Live Load, LL = 4.8 kPa

WuDL = 5.3796 kPa

WuLL = 7.68 kPa

Factore Load (Wu) = 13.0596 kPa

ACI Coefficients, m: Interpolation

Ca, neg = 0.0844
Ca, neg =
Ca, DL = 0.0354
Ca, LL = 0.0628
Cb, neg = 0.0068
Ca, DL =
Cb, DL = 0.0028
Cb, LL = 0.0056

Ca, LL =
Edge conditions of the slab:

Cb, neg =

Cb, DL =

Cb, LL =
DESIGN SUMMARY
t = 125 mm S5
CASE: 2 Short Span (a) Long Span (b)
Parameters edge midspan edge midspan
C 0.0844 - 0.0068 -
CDL - 0.0354 - 0.0028
CLL - 0.0628 - 0.0056
MMS (kN/m) 9.9201 6.0547 1.5294 1.2556
d (mm) 99.00 99.00 88.00 88.00
R (N/mm2) 2.2492 1.3728 0.4389 0.3603
ρmax 0.0315 0.0315 0.0315 0.0315
ρmin 0.0051 0.0051 0.0051 0.0051
ρ 0.0086 0.0051 0.0016 0.0013
As (mm2) 852.09 504.00 448.00 448.00
Ø bar (mm) 12 Ø 12 Ø 10 Ø 10 Ø
S (mm) 125 200 175 175
Scs = 1.5SMS (mm) 175 300 250 250
Smax = 2t (mm) 250 250 250 250
SCSfinal (mm) 175 250 250 250

COMPUTATION OF MOMENT AT MIDSPAN, M:

A. SHORT SPAN, MIDDLE STRIP
AT CONTINUOUS EDGE
MS = (Wu) (Ca) (S2) = 9.920072 kN-m

AT MIDSPAN
MSDL = (WuDL)(Ca,DL)(S2) = 1.713941 kN-m
2
MSLL = (WULL)(Ca, LL)(S ) = 4.340736 kN-m
MS = MSDL +MSLL = 6.054677 kN-m

B. LONG SPAN, MIDDLE STRIP

AT CONTINUOUS EDGE
ML = (Wu) (Cb) (L2) = 1.529449 kN-m

AT MIDSPAN
MLDL = (WuDL) (Cb, DL) (L2) = 0.325697 kN-m
2
MLLL = (WuLL) (Cb, LL) (L ) = 0.92994 kN-m
ML = MLDL + MLLL = 1.255638 kN-m
COMPUTATION FOR FLEXURAL RESISTANCE FACTOR, R:
A. SHORT SPAN, MIDDLE STRIP
AT CONTINUOUS EDGE
Ms ( 9.920072)(1000000)
R = =
ɸ*b*d₁² ( 0.9)(500)(99)(99)
= 2.249220 MPa
ρ =
(0.85)(28) (2.2492)
=
275 (28)
= 0.00861

AT MIDSPAN
Ms ( 6.054677)(1000000)
R = =
ɸ*b*d₁² ( 0.9)(500)(99)(99)
= 1.372802 MPa
ρ =
(0.85)(28) (1.3728)
=
275 (3)
= 0.00514

B. LONG SPAN, MIDDLE STRIP

AT CONTINUOUS EDGE
ML ( 1.529449)(1000000)
R = =
ɸ*b*d₂² ( 0.9)(500)(88)(88)
= 0.438891 MPa
ρ =
(0.85)(28) (0.4389)
=
275 (28)
= 0.00161

AT MIDSPAN
ML ( 1.255638)(1000000)
R = =
ɸ*b*d₂² ( 0.9)(500)(88)(88)
= 0.360318 MPa
ρ =
(0.85)(28) (0.3603)
=
275 (28)
= 0.00132
SOLVING FOR STEEL RATIO, ρ
MAXIMUM ρ:

ρmax =
0.85(28)(0.85)(3)
=
(275)(7)
ρmax = 0.031527
MINIMUM ρ:
1.4 or f'c
ρmin =
fy 4fy
1.4
= = 0.00509
275
28
= = 0.00481
(4)(275)
֒ ρmin = 0.005091
SOLVE FOR SPACING OF MAIN BARS, S:
Note:
If ρmin < ρ < ρmax use ρ
If ρmax > ρ, increase slab thickness to ensure ductile failure
If ρ < ρmin, use ρ = ρmin

A. SHORT SPAN, MIDDLE STRIP

AT CONTINUOUS EDGE
Use ρ = 0.008607 for As1
As 1 = ρbd
= (0.008607)(1000)(99)
= 852.08942 mm²
Using 12mm bars, spacing will be;
Abar (113.10)(1000)
S = =
As 852.089422
S = 132.73255
≈ 125 mm *Round down to the nearest 25

Smax = 2t or 450
= 2 (125) = 250 or 450
Therefore, Smax = 250 mm

Note: Choose the least between S and S max

Therefore, S = 125 mm

AT MIDSPAN
Use ρ = 0.005091 for As1
As 1 = ρbd
= (0.005091)(1000)(99)
= 504 mm²
 Using 12mm bars, spacing will be;
Abar (113.10)(1000)
S = =
As 504.000000
S = 224.40476
≈ 200 mm *Round down to the nearest 25
Smax = 2t or 450
= 2 (125) = 250 or 450
Therefore, Smax = 250 mm

Note: Choose the least between S and S max

Therefore, S = 200 mm

B. LONG SPAN, MIDDLE STRIP

AT CONTINUOUS EDGE
Use ρ = 0.005091 for As1
As 1 = ρbd
= (0.005091)(1000)(88)
= 448 mm²

Using 10mm bars, spacing will be;

Abar (78.54)(1000)
S = =
As 448.000000
S = 175.31250
≈ 175 mm *Round down to the nearest 25
Smax = 2t or 450
= 2 (125) = 250 or 450
Therefore, Smax = 250 mm

Note: Choose the least between S and S max

Therefore, S = 175 mm
AT MIDSPAN
Use ρ = 0.005091 for As1
As 1 = ρbd
= (0.005091)(1000)(88)
= 448 mm²

Using 10mm bars, spacing will be;

Abar (78.54)(1000)
S = =
As 448.000000
S = 175.31250
≈ 175 mm *Round down to the nearest 25
Smax = 2t or 450
= 2 (125) = 250 or 450
Therefore, Smax = 250 mm

Note: Choose the least between S and S max

Therefore, S = 175 mm
 SLAB DESIGN
TWO-WAY SLAB
PROJECT: PROPESED THREE STOREY TWIN BUILDING
SLAB NAME: S6

MATERIAL PROPERTIES:
Compressive strength, f'c = 28 Mpa
Yield Strength, fy = 275 MPa
Length = 5 m
Es = 2000000 MPa
Ec = 24870.062 Mpa
Concrete Unit Weight = 23.544 kN/mᶟ
phi (ɸ) = 0.9
β1 = 0.85

DIMENSIONS:
Short Span (S) = 3 m Sn = 2.5 mm
Long Span (L) = 5 m Ln = 4.5 mm
Slab Reinf. Short Ø = 12 mm
Short Bar Area = 113.10 mm²
Slab Reinf. Long Ø = 10 mm
Long Bar Area = 78.54 mm²
Concrete Cover = 20 mm
Beam width, b = 500 mm

DESIGN REQUIREMENTS (Two-Way Slab)

2(L+S)
Minimum Slab Thickness =
180
16000
=
180
= 88.888889 mm

Design Slab Thickness = 125 mm

Main bars 1 effective depth (d) = 99 mm

Main bars 2 effective depth (d) = 88 mm

Sn 2.5
ratio (m) = = = 0.5556
Ln 4.5

Case: 4
DETERMINING ULTIMATE SERVICE LOAD, Wu:

Dead Loads, DL LOAD FACTORS:

Slab Weight = 2.943 kPa DL = 1.2
SDL = 1.54 kPa LL = 1.6
Partition Load = kPa
Total = 4.483 kPa

Live Load, LL = 4.8 kPa

WuDL = 5.3796 kPa

WuLL = 7.68 kPa

Factore Load (Wu) = 13.0596 kPa

ACI Coefficients, m: Interpolation

Ca, neg = 0.085
Ca, neg =
Ca, DL = 0.05
Ca, LL = 0.062
Cb, neg = 0.015
Ca, DL =
Cb, DL = 0.009
Cb, LL = 0.011

Ca, LL =
Edge conditions of the slab:

Cb, neg =

Cb, DL =

Cb, LL =
DESIGN SUMMARY
t = 125 mm S6
CASE: 4 Short Span (a) Long Span (b)
Parameters edge midspan edge midspan
C 0.0850 - 0.0150 -
CDL - 0.0500 - 0.0090
CLL - 0.0620 - 0.0110
MMS (kN/m) 9.9906 6.7063 3.9669 3.3224
d (mm) 99.00 99.00 88.00 88.00
R (N/mm2) 2.2652 1.5205 1.1383 0.9534
ρmax 0.0315 0.0315 0.0315 0.0315
ρmin 0.0051 0.0051 0.0051 0.0051
ρ 0.0087 0.0057 0.0042 0.0035
As (mm2) 858.48 504.00 448.00 448.00
Ø bar (mm) 12 Ø 12 Ø 10 Ø 10 Ø
S (mm) 125 200 175 175
Scs = 1.5SMS (mm) 175 300 250 250
Smax = 2t (mm) 250 250 250 250
SCSfinal (mm) 175 250 250 250

COMPUTATION OF MOMENT AT MIDSPAN, M:

A. SHORT SPAN, MIDDLE STRIP
AT CONTINUOUS EDGE
MS = (Wu) (Ca) (S2) = 9.990594 kN-m

AT MIDSPAN
MSDL = (WuDL)(Ca,DL)(S2) = 2.42082 kN-m
2
MSLL = (WULL)(Ca, LL)(S ) = 4.28544 kN-m
MS = MSDL +MSLL = 6.70626 kN-m

B. LONG SPAN, MIDDLE STRIP

AT CONTINUOUS EDGE
ML = (Wu) (Cb) (L2) = 3.966854 kN-m

AT MIDSPAN
MLDL = (WuDL) (Cb, DL) (L2) = 1.21041 kN-m
2
MLLL = (WuLL) (Cb, LL) (L ) = 2.11200 kN-m
ML = MLDL + MLLL = 3.32241 kN-m
COMPUTATION FOR FLEXURAL RESISTANCE FACTOR, R:
A. SHORT SPAN, MIDDLE STRIP
AT CONTINUOUS EDGE
Ms ( 9.990594)(1000000)
R = =
ɸ*b*d₁² ( 0.9)(500)(99)(99)
= 2.265210 MPa
ρ =
(0.85)(28) (2.2652)
=
275 (28)
= 0.00867

AT MIDSPAN
Ms ( 6.70626)(1000000)
R = =
ɸ*b*d₁² ( 0.9)(500)(99)(99)
= 1.520539 MPa
ρ =
(0.85)(28) (1.5205)
=
275 (3)
= 0.00572

B. LONG SPAN, MIDDLE STRIP

AT CONTINUOUS EDGE
ML ( 3.966854)(1000000)
R = =
ɸ*b*d₂² ( 0.9)(500)(88)(88)
= 1.138330 MPa
ρ =
(0.85)(28) (1.1383)
=
275 (28)
= 0.00424

AT MIDSPAN
ML ( 3.32241)(1000000)
R = =
ɸ*b*d₂² ( 0.9)(500)(88)(88)
= 0.953400 MPa
ρ =
(0.85)(28) (0.9534)
=
275 (28)
= 0.00354
SOLVING FOR STEEL RATIO, ρ
MAXIMUM ρ:

ρmax =
0.85(28)(0.85)(3)
=
(275)(7)
ρmax = 0.031527
MINIMUM ρ:
1.4 or f'c
ρmin =
fy 4fy
1.4
= = 0.00509
275
28
= = 0.00481
(4)(275)
֒ ρmin = 0.005091
SOLVE FOR SPACING OF MAIN BARS, S:
Note:
If ρmin < ρ < ρmax use ρ
If ρmax > ρ, increase slab thickness to ensure ductile failure
If ρ < ρmin, use ρ = ρmin

A. SHORT SPAN, MIDDLE STRIP

AT CONTINUOUS EDGE
Use ρ = 0.008672 for As1
As 1 = ρbd
= (0.008672)(1000)(99)
= 858.48405 mm²
Using 12mm bars, spacing will be;
Abar (113.10)(1000)
S = =
As 858.484053
S = 131.74386
≈ 125 mm *Round down to the nearest 25

Smax = 2t or 450
= 2 (125) = 250 or 450
Therefore, Smax = 250 mm

Note: Choose the least between S and S max

Therefore, S = 125 mm

AT MIDSPAN
Use ρ = 0.005091 for As1
As 1 = ρbd
= (0.005091)(1000)(99)
= 504 mm²
 Using 12mm bars, spacing will be;
Abar (113.10)(1000)
S = =
As 504.000000
S = 224.40476
≈ 200 mm *Round down to the nearest 25
Smax = 2t or 450
= 2 (125) = 250 or 450
Therefore, Smax = 250 mm

Note: Choose the least between S and S max

Therefore, S = 200 mm

B. LONG SPAN, MIDDLE STRIP

AT CONTINUOUS EDGE
Use ρ = 0.005091 for As1
As 1 = ρbd
= (0.005091)(1000)(88)
= 448 mm²

Using 10mm bars, spacing will be;

Abar (78.54)(1000)
S = =
As 448.000000
S = 175.31250
≈ 175 mm *Round down to the nearest 25
Smax = 2t or 450
= 2 (125) = 250 or 450
Therefore, Smax = 250 mm

Note: Choose the least between S and S max

Therefore, S = 175 mm
AT MIDSPAN
Use ρ = 0.005091 for As1
As 1 = ρbd
= (0.005091)(1000)(88)
= 448 mm²

Using 10mm bars, spacing will be;

Abar (78.54)(1000)
S = =
As 448.000000
S = 175.31250
≈ 175 mm *Round down to the nearest 25
Smax = 2t or 450
= 2 (125) = 250 or 450
Therefore, Smax = 250 mm

Note: Choose the least between S and S max

Therefore, S = 175 mm
 SLAB DESIGN
TWO-WAY SLAB
PROJECT: PROPESED THREE STOREY TWIN BUILDING
SLAB NAME: S6

MATERIAL PROPERTIES:
Compressive strength, f'c = 28 Mpa
Yield Strength, fy = 275 MPa
Length = 5 m
Es = 2000000 MPa
Ec = 24870.062 Mpa
Concrete Unit Weight = 23.544 kN/mᶟ
phi (ɸ) = 0.9
β1 = 0.85

DIMENSIONS:
Short Span (S) = 3 m Sn = 2.5 mm
Long Span (L) = 5 m Ln = 4.5 mm
Slab Reinf. Short Ø = 12 mm
Short Bar Area = 113.10 mm²
Slab Reinf. Long Ø = 10 mm
Long Bar Area = 78.54 mm²
Concrete Cover = 20 mm
Beam width, b = 500 mm

DESIGN REQUIREMENTS (Two-Way Slab)

2(L+S)
Minimum Slab Thickness =
180
16000
=
180
= 88.888889 mm

Design Slab Thickness = 125 mm

Main bars 1 effective depth (d) = 99 mm

Main bars 2 effective depth (d) = 88 mm

Sn 2.5
ratio (m) = = = 0.5556
Ln 4.5

Case: 8
DETERMINING ULTIMATE SERVICE LOAD, Wu:

Dead Loads, DL LOAD FACTORS:

Slab Weight = 2.943 kPa DL = 1.2
SDL = 1.54 kPa LL = 1.6
Partition Load = kPa
Total = 4.483 kPa

Live Load, LL = 4.8 kPa

WuDL = 5.3796 kPa

WuLL = 7.68 kPa

Factore Load (Wu) = 13.0596 kPa

ACI Coefficients, m: Interpolation

Ca, neg = 0.0866
Ca, neg =
Ca, DL = 0.0656
Ca, LL = 0.0724
Cb, neg = 0.0124
Ca, DL =
Cb, DL = 0.00316
Cb, LL = 0.0062

Ca, LL =
Edge conditions of the slab:

Cb, neg =

Cb, DL =

Cb, LL =
DESIGN SUMMARY
t = 125 mm S6
CASE: 8 Short Span (a) Long Span (b)
Parameters edge midspan edge midspan
C 0.0866 - 0.0124 -
CDL - 0.0656 - 0.0032
CLL - 0.0724 - 0.0062
MMS (kN/m) 10.1787 8.1804 3.2793 1.6154
d (mm) 99.00 99.00 88.00 88.00
R (N/mm2) 2.3078 1.8548 0.9410 0.4636
ρmax 0.0315 0.0315 0.0315 0.0315
ρmin 0.0051 0.0051 0.0051 0.0051
ρ 0.0088 0.0070 0.0035 0.0017
As (mm2) 875.56 504.00 448.00 448.00
Ø bar (mm) 12 Ø 12 Ø 10 Ø 10 Ø
S (mm) 125 200 175 175
Scs = 1.5SMS (mm) 175 300 250 250
Smax = 2t (mm) 250 250 250 250
SCSfinal (mm) 175 250 250 250

COMPUTATION OF MOMENT AT MIDSPAN, M:

A. SHORT SPAN, MIDDLE STRIP
AT CONTINUOUS EDGE
MS = (Wu) (Ca) (S2) = 10.17865 kN-m

AT MIDSPAN
MSDL = (WuDL)(Ca,DL)(S2) = 3.176116 kN-m
2
MSLL = (WULL)(Ca, LL)(S ) = 5.004288 kN-m
MS = MSDL +MSLL = 8.180404 kN-m

B. LONG SPAN, MIDDLE STRIP

AT CONTINUOUS EDGE
ML = (Wu) (Cb) (L2) = 3.279266 kN-m

AT MIDSPAN
MLDL = (WuDL) (Cb, DL) (L2) = 0.424988 kN-m
2
MLLL = (WuLL) (Cb, LL) (L ) = 1.19040 kN-m
ML = MLDL + MLLL = 1.615388 kN-m
COMPUTATION FOR FLEXURAL RESISTANCE FACTOR, R:
A. SHORT SPAN, MIDDLE STRIP
AT CONTINUOUS EDGE
Ms ( 10.178652)(1000000)
R = =
ɸ*b*d₁² ( 0.9)(500)(99)(99)
= 2.307849 MPa
ρ =
(0.85)(28) (2.3078)
=
275 (28)
= 0.00884

AT MIDSPAN
Ms ( 8.180404)(1000000)
R = =
ɸ*b*d₁² ( 0.9)(500)(99)(99)
= 1.854778 MPa
ρ =
(0.85)(28) (1.8548)
=
275 (3)
= 0.00703

B. LONG SPAN, MIDDLE STRIP

AT CONTINUOUS EDGE
ML ( 3.279266)(1000000)
R = =
ɸ*b*d₂² ( 0.9)(500)(88)(88)
= 0.941020 MPa
ρ =
(0.85)(28) (0.941)
=
275 (28)
= 0.00349

AT MIDSPAN
ML ( 1.615388)(1000000)
R = =
ɸ*b*d₂² ( 0.9)(500)(88)(88)
= 0.463553 MPa
ρ =
(0.85)(28) (0.4636)
=
275 (28)
= 0.00170
SOLVING FOR STEEL RATIO, ρ
MAXIMUM ρ:

ρmax =
0.85(28)(0.85)(3)
=
(275)(7)
ρmax = 0.031527
MINIMUM ρ:
1.4 or f'c
ρmin =
fy 4fy
1.4
= = 0.00509
275
28
= = 0.00481
(4)(275)
֒ ρmin = 0.005091
SOLVE FOR SPACING OF MAIN BARS, S:
Note:
If ρmin < ρ < ρmax use ρ
If ρmax > ρ, increase slab thickness to ensure ductile failure
If ρ < ρmin, use ρ = ρmin

A. SHORT SPAN, MIDDLE STRIP

AT CONTINUOUS EDGE
Use ρ = 0.008844 for As1
As 1 = ρbd
= (0.008844)(1000)(99)
= 875.56239 mm²
Using 12mm bars, spacing will be;
Abar (113.10)(1000)
S = =
As 875.562391
S = 129.17412
≈ 125 mm *Round down to the nearest 25

Smax = 2t or 450
= 2 (125) = 250 or 450
Therefore, Smax = 250 mm

Note: Choose the least between S and S max

Therefore, S = 125 mm

AT MIDSPAN
Use ρ = 0.005091 for As1
As 1 = ρbd
= (0.005091)(1000)(99)
= 504 mm²
 Using 12mm bars, spacing will be;
Abar (113.10)(1000)
S = =
As 504.000000
S = 224.40476
≈ 200 mm *Round down to the nearest 25
Smax = 2t or 450
= 2 (125) = 250 or 450
Therefore, Smax = 250 mm

Note: Choose the least between S and S max

Therefore, S = 200 mm

B. LONG SPAN, MIDDLE STRIP

AT CONTINUOUS EDGE
Use ρ = 0.005091 for As1
As 1 = ρbd
= (0.005091)(1000)(88)
= 448 mm²

Using 10mm bars, spacing will be;

Abar (78.54)(1000)
S = =
As 448.000000
S = 175.31250
≈ 175 mm *Round down to the nearest 25
Smax = 2t or 450
= 2 (125) = 250 or 450
Therefore, Smax = 250 mm

Note: Choose the least between S and S max

Therefore, S = 175 mm
AT MIDSPAN
Use ρ = 0.005091 for As1
As 1 = ρbd
= (0.005091)(1000)(88)
= 448 mm²

Using 10mm bars, spacing will be;

Abar (78.54)(1000)
S = =
As 448.000000
S = 175.31250
≈ 175 mm *Round down to the nearest 25
Smax = 2t or 450
= 2 (125) = 250 or 450
Therefore, Smax = 250 mm

Note: Choose the least between S and S max

Therefore, S = 175 mm