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Film Conventions Infographic

There are five main types of camera shots - close-up, mid shot, long shot, extreme close-up, and extreme long shot - which are defined by how much of the subject is shown. There are also six common camera angles - high angle, low angle, eye level, bird's eye view, under shot, and Dutch tilt - which are defined by the camera's position relative to the subject. Four main types of camera movement are panning, tilting, zooming, and tracking. Editing techniques like cuts, fades, dissolves, and cross-cutting assemble shots to tell a story. Additional theatrical elements like setting, costumes, props, and acting are also important filmmaking techniques. Audio

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124 views6 pages

Film Conventions Infographic

There are five main types of camera shots - close-up, mid shot, long shot, extreme close-up, and extreme long shot - which are defined by how much of the subject is shown. There are also six common camera angles - high angle, low angle, eye level, bird's eye view, under shot, and Dutch tilt - which are defined by the camera's position relative to the subject. Four main types of camera movement are panning, tilting, zooming, and tracking. Editing techniques like cuts, fades, dissolves, and cross-cutting assemble shots to tell a story. Additional theatrical elements like setting, costumes, props, and acting are also important filmmaking techniques. Audio

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Geography Mosul
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CAMERA SHOTS

Camera shot types are also referred to as viewing


distance. They describe the distance between the
camera and the subject. There are five main types
of camera shots.

CLOSE-UP SHOT
An object or an actor’s head takes
up most of the screen. It is used to
reveal emotion through facial
expression.

MID SHOT
An actor is seen from the waist up
(this is the most common type of
shot). It shows emotion through
facial expression as well as body
language.

LONG SHOT
An actor’s entire body is seen as well
as some of the setting. It shows a
character's emotion through posture
and gesture.

EXTREME CLOSE UP
This is a very close shot and may be
only a small part of an object or
person. It is used to draw our focus
to show a specific detail.

EXTREME LONG SHOT


This shows the landscape of the film
with a barely visible character in
the distance. It is used to show
setting or make a person look small
or vulnerable in their surroundings.
CAMERA ANGLES
Camera angles are also referred to as viewing
perspective. They describe the angle of the camera in
relation to the subject. There are six main types of
camera angles.

HIGH ANGLE
The camera is positioned above the
subject, looking down. This makes the
subject look small, weak, powerless or
insignificant.

LOW ANGLE
The camera is positioned below the
subject, looking up. It makes the
subject look large, imposing and
powerful.

EYE LEVEL SHOT


The audience sees the subject straight
on (this is the most common type of
shot). The subject is observed with no
bias.

BIRDS EYE VIEW


The camera is placed overhead or
directly above the subject. Characters
and objects are made to look small
compared to their surroundings.

UNDERSHOT
The camera is positioned directly
beneath the subject. It can be coupled
with point-of-view shots when the
character is looking up at something.

DUTCH TILT
The camera is tilted on it’s axis so it
produces an image that is similar to
tilting one’s head on the side. It’s often
used to convey tension or chaos.
CAMERA
MOVEMENT
Camera movement is a filmmaking technique that
describes how a camera moves around the subject for
particular effects. It can make the film engaging
and enhance various emotions. There are four main
types of camera movement.

PANNING SHOT
The camera is stationary and the
head moves from left to right or
right to left on a horizontal axis.
It is usually used to show a setting
or landscape.

TILT SHOT
The camera is stationary and the
head moves up or down on a
vertical axis. It is used to show
the height of something or to
mirror someone raising or
lowering their head.

ZOOM
The camera is stationary and the
focus changes to zoom in or out
on an object, character or
setting. It is used to draw focus
to a particular detail.

TRACKING
The camera moves on tracks or
wheels, from a helicopter or
crane, or from the body of a
person. They often follow a
travelling or moving subject.
EDITING IN FILM
This is the process of assembling and splicing
together the various shots which comprise a film.
Fast editing generates excitement and anticipation
and slow editing has a calming and relaxing effect
on the viewer. Some common editing techniques are
as follows:

CUT
Two shots are joined in a way
that looks like an instantaneous
change between shots.

FADE
The image appears or disappears
gradually by slowly fading to
black, white or another colour.
The fade is often used as a
division between scenes.

DISSOLVE
An image on screen slowly fades
away while the next image slowly
fades in.

CROSS-CUTTING
Cuts between scenes that are
happening simultaneously but in
different locations.

POINT-OF-VIEW
A series of shots reveal what a
character is seeing and their
reaction to it via facial
expression.

MONTAGE
A series of shots from different
settings or times shown in
sequence to create a continuous
reality. There is usually voiceover
or music played over the top.
THEATRICAL
ELEMENTS
These are elements typically found in drama or live
theatre that also appear in film. They include:

SETTING
The setting is the place in which the
action occurs. It gives us information
about the time, location and
atmosphere. It can also provide
challenges for the characters to
overcome. Settings can convey ideas
for example opulence, squalor, a
particular culture etc.

COSTUME
Costumes can quickly convey a good
deal about characters. Costumes are
carefully chosen to represent a range
of things about characters – their
occupation, age, status, personality,
mood and so on. Colours are
generally used symbolically when it
comes to costume.

PROPS
Objects that actors manipulate or
that are a part of the set are called
props. They too can reveal
information about character, setting,
and themes. Think about the
symbolism or connotations of
different objects.

ACTING
Acting, like painting and filmmaking,
is an art and there are many tools
that an actor has at his or her
disposal to communicate a character
to an audience.

Consider body language (including


facial expression, gesture, posture and
movement) as well as voice and the
delivery of lines (in other words, the
way that an actor chooses to say his
or her lines).
AUDIO
TECHNIQUES
What we hear in a film is as essential as what we see.
Sound can be diegetic or non-diegetic and includes
the following:

MUSIC
Music in film is a powerful
emotional trigger that achieves a
number of things:
It creates mood or atmosphere
It establishes setting
It reinforces or foreshadows
certain events
It gives meaning to a
character's actions or
translates their thoughts

SOUND EFFECTS
Sound effects are any sound, other
than music or speech, artificially
reproduced to create an effect.
Sound effects are most often
added into the movie post
production.
Many times when filming a scene
with multiple actions going on at
the same time, such as dialogue,
sword fighting and background
action, sound effects are added to
make the effect louder.

DIALOGUE & VOICE


Dialogue is defined as a conversation
between two or more people in a movie.
In addition, a movie could have a
monologue where a character is
speaking out loud when he or she is
alone or a voiceover where they
speak over a sequence of events.
A character can convey a range of
emotions or ideas through the
voice they adopt when delivering
dialogue.

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