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Drug Study

The document details an order for the amino acid isoleucine to be administered via NGT to a patient twice daily to treat hepatic encephalopathy, listing the generic and brand names, date ordered, dosage, and classification. It then provides information on the mechanism of action of isoleucine and branched-chain amino acids, noting their roles in muscle catabolism, energy production, and metabolic pathways. Potential side effects, contraindications, and nursing considerations are not specified.

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111 views2 pages

Drug Study

The document details an order for the amino acid isoleucine to be administered via NGT to a patient twice daily to treat hepatic encephalopathy, listing the generic and brand names, date ordered, dosage, and classification. It then provides information on the mechanism of action of isoleucine and branched-chain amino acids, noting their roles in muscle catabolism, energy production, and metabolic pathways. Potential side effects, contraindications, and nursing considerations are not specified.

Uploaded by

gwendee ealdama
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Dela Torre, Erica D.

Brand Name Vencin


Generic Name Isoleucine
Date Ordered 10/1/22
Rationale for the  is an amino acid commonly found as a component of total parenteral
Drug Order nutrition.
Classification Amino acid
Actual Dose/ 1 sachet 5ml water b.I.d via NGT
Frequency/ Route
The branched-chain amino acids may have antihepatic encephalopathy
Indication activity in some. They may also have anticatabolic and antitardive
dyskinesia activity.
(Applies to Valine, Leucine and Isoleucine) This group of essential
amino acids are identified as the branched-chain amino acids, BCAAs.
Because this arrangement of carbon atoms cannot be made by humans,
these amino acids are an essential element in the diet. The catabolism of
all three compounds initiates in muscle and yields NADH and FADH2
which can be utilized for ATP generation. The catabolism of all three of
these amino acids uses the same enzymes in the first two steps. The first
step in each case is a transamination using a single BCAA
aminotransferase, with a-ketoglutarate as amine acceptor. As a result,
three different a-keto acids are produced and are oxidized using a
common branched-chain a-keto acid dehydrogenase, yielding the three
different CoA derivatives. Subsequently the metabolic pathways
diverge, producing many intermediates. The principal product from
Mechanism of
valine is propionylCoA, the glucogenic precursor of succinyl-CoA.
Action Isoleucine catabolism terminates with production of acetylCoA and
propionylCoA; thus isoleucine is both glucogenic and ketogenic.
Leucine gives rise to acetylCoA and acetoacetylCoA, and is thus
classified as strictly ketogenic. There are a number of genetic diseases
associated with faulty catabolism of the BCAAs. The most common
defect is in the branched-chain a-keto acid dehydrogenase. Since there
is only one dehydrogenase enzyme for all three amino acids, all three a-
keto acids accumulate and are excreted in the urine. The disease is
known as Maple syrup urine disease because of the characteristic odor
of the urine in afflicted individuals. Mental retardation in these cases is
extensive. Unfortunately, since these are essential amino acids, they
cannot be heavily restricted in the diet; ultimately, the life of afflicted
individuals is short and development is abnormal The main
neurological problems are due to poor formation of myelin in the CNS.
Contraindication

Side Effects

Adverse
Reactions
Nursing
Considerations/
Responsibilities

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