W1 Learning Area

Quarter
Mathematics
3rd
Grade Level
Date
10

I. LESSON TITLE PERMUTATIONS

II. MOST ESSENTIAL • Illustrates the permutations – M10SP-IIIa-1
LEARNING
COMPETENCIES • Solves problems involving permutaions -M10SP-IIIb-1
(MELCs)
III. CONTENT/CORE
Understand the concepts of permutation and solve problems involving these concepts
CONTENT
IV. LEARNING PHASES Learning Activites

A. Introduction Introductory question:

A. Cite some visible situation/scenario in your place that shows arrangement.
(Students’ Responses)
A. B.

B. What can you say based on the given illustration? (Students’ Responses)

Illustrate the permutation using a tree diagram, systematic listing, and tabular.
In this Lesson you are going to illustrate the different arrangements of objects; in doing so, you can be
able to determine the number of ways of possible arrangements.

We can also know the number of permutations by assessing your knowledge of the basic counting
technique called the Fundamental Counting Principle. Using this principle you will also learn the different
permutation formulas and how to apply them in solving problems

As you go along with this lesson here is the guide question that you need to answer.

How does the concept of permutation help in forming conclusions and in making wise
B. Development Illustration of Permutations Example
1.

During Fiesta, as one of our traditions, sweet delicacies are always present. Your mother prepares
three types of these: Ubeng Halaya, Buko Salad, and Sweetened Macapuno. If you are supposed to help
your mother in preparing the dishes to be served to your visitors, then, in how many possible ways can you
serve the three sweet delicacies?
Solution:

By using Tree Diagram By Systematic Listing

Ubeng Halaya,Buko Salad, Macapuno

Ubeng Halaya, Macapuno, Buko Salad

Buko Salad, Ubeng Halaya, Macapuno

Buko Salad, Macapuno, Ubeng Halaya

Macapuno, Ubeng Halaya, Buko Salad

Macapuno, Buko Salad, Ubeng Halaya

As you can see from the Tree Diagram and Systematics Listing, there are 6 possible ways that you
can serve sweet delicacies.
However, if we use our knowledge and skills about FCP (Fundamental Counting Principle), then
it is easy for us to determine the number of arrangements.

Fundamental Counting Principle

If there are m ways to do one thing, n ways to do another, and o ways to do another, then, there
are m x n x o of doing those things.
We have : m x n x o = (3)(2)(1) = 6 possible ways of serving the sweet delicacies
 In this example you notice that the factors are decreasing. Another way of writing (3)(2)(1) is 3! ( read
as 3 factorial ).

Therefore, 3! = (3)(2)(1) = 6; 3! = 6

Factorial Notation
! What symbol is this?

In English “!” is called an exclamation point. Exclamation marks were originally called the “note of
admiration, exaggeration”. They are still, to this day, used to express excitement. They are also used to express
surprise, astonishment, or any other such strong emotion. Any exclamatory sentence can be properly followed
by an exclamation mark, to add additional emphasis.

In Filipino, “!” it is read as “Tandang Padamdam” bantas na tumutulong upang maiparamdam sa mambabasa
ang isang masidhing damdamin.

Mathematicians use an exclamation point to indicate the product by writing n!.

In mathematics, the symbol represents the factorial operation. The expression n! means “the product of the
integers from 1 to n”…(4! Read as four factorial) is 4 x 3 x 2 x 1 = 24. (0! Is defined as 1, which is a neutral
element in multiplication, not multiplied by anything.

PERMUTATION
An arrangement of objects or events similar to activity in which the order is important.

In general, if n is a positive integer, then n factorial denoted by n! is the product of all integers less than or
equal to n.

n! = n(n-1)(n-2)…..(2)(1)

Example 2.

Mother has taken fresh sitaw, lagkitang mais (white corn), saging matsing (banana), and macapuno from the
farm where they lived before in some part Brgy. Conalum, Inopacan, Leyte.

1. Sitaw
2. Sitaw and Lagkitang Mais
3. Sitaw, Lagkitang Mais and Sging Maatsing
4. Sitaw, Lagkitang Mais, Saging Matsing
and Macapuno
Solution:

Therefore, the number of permutations of objects taken all at a time is n!

Then, the formula for Permutations of objects taken all a time is

P(n,n) = n! where n is the number of objects taken.

Example 3.

There are 5 sweet delicacies that your mother prepared for fiesta and these were: Ubeng Halaya, Buko Salad,
Sweetened Macapuno, Leche Flan, and Buko Pandan. If you are supposed to help your mother in preparing the
dishes to be served to your visitors, then, in how many possible ways can you arrange the 5 delicacies if three
sweet delicacies are served at a time?

Solution:
Let n= 5, r = 3. Therefore, P(n, r) is the number of permutations of n objects taken r at a time.
Formula:

Answer : 151, 200 ways

Example 4.

In how many distinguishable permutations are possible with the letters of the word CONALUMNON?

Solution:

There are 10 letters in the word. 2 O’s are alike, 3 N’s are alike , 1 C,A,L,U,M are alike,
therefore, we have:

10! (10)(9)(8)(7)(6)(5)(4)(3)(2)(1)
P= = =302,400
2 ! 3! 1! (2)(1)(3)(2)(1)(1)

Example 5.

There is a JHS Math Camp in the Division of Leyte held at the oval of Visayas State University. Many
students are participating from the different secondary schools. The Math Campers are grouped into 10 groups
with 8 members each. Each group is asked to form a circle and they will be sitting on the ground. If the seating
arrangement is circular, in how many possible ways can the 8 members be seated?

Solution:

Formula P = ( n – 1)!
There are 8 members, therefore let’s n = 8.
By using the formula
P = (8 – 1)! = 7! = (7)(6)(5)(4)(3)(2)(1)
Answer: 5,040 possible ways
C. Assimilation

Practical Application of Permutation

1. DIGITAL LOCK
A “combination lock” should really be
called a “Permutation Lock”.
Permutation lock has three inputs. If the
order of input changes, it won’t lock.
Through the number are some, but order
plays its role.

2. CAR NUMBER PLATE

Another excellent example is the number
plate people have on their cars. This is
unique for each person because no two
cars are allowed to have the same number
plate.

3. MAKING PASSWORD
Making password is essential in making
sure our information online s safe and
protected. It is important to always
change passwords regularly to prevent
hacking and fraud. The number of
password can be made is determined by
permutation.

4. MAKING WORDS
English letters are 26 only. Out of these
26 letters. We formed lacs and lacs of
word by using these 26 letters which was
done by arranging these 26 letters in
various permutation and combination.

5. RNA STRUCTURE
Permutation defined on the RNA
sequence has a very special property that
permutation always form two cycles or
one cycle. This is because of the nature
of RNA, where there can be either paired
base or unpaired base. For unpaired base
we always get one cycle and for paired
base we always get two cycles.

D. Engagement
ACTIVITY TIME!
Direction: You’re given 15 seconds to
answer the following.
1. In how many ways can 5 Answer: 11 !
people arrange themselves in a Answer:
M= 2 P= = 120
5! = (5)(4)(3)(2)(1)2 !2!2 ! 1 !
row for picture taking? A= 2
2. Find the number of distinguishable T=2 39,916,800
P=
permutation in the word H,E,I,C,S = 1 8
“MATHEMATICS”.
P=4 , 989 , 600
 3. The simplest protein molecule in
biology is called vasopressin and is
composed of 8 amino aaceds that are
chemically bound together in a particular
order. The order in which these amino
acids occur is of vital importance to the
proper functioning of vasopressin. If
these 8 amino acids were placed in a hat
and drawn out randomly one by one, how
many different arrangements of these Answer: 8! = (8)(7)(6)(5)(4)(3)(2)(1)
8 amino acids are possible? = 40, 320

E. Assessment
A. Written Work

Directions: Read and understand the questions below. Select the best answer to each item then write your
choice on your answer sheet.

1. Which of the following situations or activities involve permutation?

a. matching shirts and pants
b. assigning telephone numbers to subscribers
c. forming a committee from the members of a club
d. forming different triangles out of 5 points on a plane, no three of which are collinear

2. Find the number of distinguishable permutations of the letters of the word PASS.
a. 144 b. 36 c. 12 d. 4

3. How many ways can 8 people be seated around a circular table if two of them insist on sitting beside each
other?
360 b. 720 c. 1440 d. 5040

4. Find the number of rearrangements of the letters in the word DISTINCT.

a. 5040 b. 10 080 c. 20 160 d. 40 320

5. In a town fiesta singing competition with 12 contestants, how many ways can the organizer arrange the first
three singers?
a. 132 b. 990 c. 1320 d. 1716

B. Performance Task

Directions: Solve what is being asked. Given a rubric to rate your work.

Find the number of different permutations of the letters of the word MISSISSIPPI.

Rubric
Prepared by:
Rosalie T. Sombilon Checkied by:
Subject Teacher Victoria P. Dautil
Master Teacher-I

Noted by:
Lolito L. Dedal
Head Teacher III