SOLUTION OF TRIANGLE

DPP - 1+2
JEE [MAIN + ADV.] DIVISION

HINT & SOLUTIONS

1. C 2. C 3. A 4. C 5. A
6. A 7. A 8. B 9. A 10. D

1. [C]
A  B  C  180

C  180  120

C  60
by projection formula
b = a cos C + c cos A
b = a cos 60 + c cos 45

a c
= 
2 2

2b = a + c 2

2. [C]
sinA : sinB : sinC = 1 : 2 : 3
a b c
 
sin A sin B sin C

a sin A a 1
 = 
b sinB 4 2
a=2
b sinB

c sin C

4 2

c 3
c=6
a+b+c=4+2+6
= 12

3. [A]
By sin Law

a b

sin A sinB
4 12

sin A sin 60

4 3 /2 3 3 3
sin A = =  
12 6 3 6 3

1
sin A =
2 3

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4. [C]
(b – c) sin A + (c – a)sin B +(a – b) sin C
By sin Law

a b c
  k
sin A sinB sin C
K [sinA sinB – sinA sinC + sinBsinC – sin A sinB + sin A sinC – sinB sinC] = 0

5. [A]
2[bc cos A + ac cos B + ab cos c]
(b2  c2  a2 ) (a  c2  b2 ) (a2  b2  c2 )
= 2bc  2ac + 2ab
2bc 2ac 2ab
= b2 +a2 + c2

6. A

 B C   b c   A
We have tan   cot  
 2  bc  2 

 B C  b c  A ( 3 1)
tan   cot  · cot 15º
 2  bc 2 ( 3 1)

( 3 1) ( 3  1) 3 1
 · as tan 15º =
( 3 1) ( 3 1) 3 1

B C
= 45º, B – C = 90º,
2
A + B + C = 180º, so B + C = 150º, B = 120º, C = 30º
Since A = C, we have a = c = 1.

7. A
cos A + 2 cos B + cos C = 2

AC AC B

 2cos   cos   = 2. 2sin2  
 2   2  2
AC B AC
 cos   = 2 sin   = 2cos  
 2  2  2 
AC  AC
 2sin   cos  
 2   2 
  A  C   A  C 
= 2 2 sin   cos 
  2   2 

 sinA + sinC = 2 sin (A + C)

 sinA + sinC = 2 sin B
 a + c = 2b  a, b, c are in AP.

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8. B
4x + x + x =   x = 300
angles are 1200 , 300 and 300

a
use sine law to get a, b, c in terms of K compute
a bc

9. A
cos A + cos B + cos C = – a

 cos A cos B = b
cosA cosB cosC = – c
now A+B+C=
cos A = – cos(B + C) = sinB sinC – cosB cosC
(cos A + cos B cos C)2 = (1 – cos2B)(1 – cos2C)
cos2A + cos2B + cos2C + 2 cosA cosB cosC= 1

  cos A 2 – 2  cos A cos B + 2 cos A =1

a2 – 2b – 2c = 1 Ans.

10. D
Assume that side ‘a’ is opposite to A
Given, (a + b)(a – b) = c(b + c)
 a2 – b2 = c2 + bc
a2 = b2 + c2 + bc = b2 + c2 – 2bc cosA
(By law of cosines)
bc = –2bc cosA
cosA = –1/2 or A = 120º

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 SOLUTION OF TRIANGLE
DPP - 3+4
JEE [MAIN + ADV.] DIVISION

HINT & SOLUTIONS

1. C 2. B 3. C 4. D 5. A
6. C 7. C 8. A,B 9. 2 10. 6

1. C
Here  = a2  (b  c)2
 = (2s  2c) (2s  2b) = 4(s  b) (s  c)

1 ( s  b) ( s  c ) A
   tan
4  2

A 1
2 tan 2
 tan A 
2  4
A 2
1  tan 2 1
2 1   
 4

2. B
The situation is as shown in figure.

C1

P'

C2 C3
30º
B P Q C

For the circle with centre C2. BP and BP' are two tangents to the circle, therefore BC2 must be the
bisector
of B. But B = 60º
( ABC is an equilateral triangle.)
 C2BP = 30°, Let BP = x.
1
 tan 30º =  x= 3
x
 BC = BP + PQ + QC = x + 2 + x = 2 + 2 3

3
 Area of ABC =
4
22 3  2

=  
3 1  3  2 3  4 3 + 6 sq. units

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3. C
cos A

1
b2  c2  a2 
84 3 23 
  4
2bc 12  4


1  3  
1
2
2 1  3 


=A=
3

4. D
Let a = x2 + x + 1, b = 2x + 1, c = x2 – 1
a>0  x R
1
b>0  x> 
2
c>0  x < –1 or x > 1
So, x  (1, )
a – b = x2 – x > 0  a > b,
a–c=x+2>0  a>c
So angle A is the largest angle
b2  c2  a2
cos A =
2bc

(2x  1)2  (x2  1)2  (x2  x  1)2


2(2x  1)(x2  1)



 2x3  x2  2x  1   1
3 2
2(2x  x  2x  1) 2

2
 A =
3

5. A
4x + x + x = 180  6x = 180  x = 30o
sin120o sin30o sin30o
 
a b c
 a:(a + b + c) = (sin120o) : (sin120o + sin30o + sin30o)
3 3 2
= :  3: 3 2
2 2

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6. C

B x D 3x C

Let BAD = , CAD = 

x AD

In ADB, applying sine formulae, we get sin   .....(i)
sin  
3

3x AD

In ADC, applying sine formulae, we get sin   ....(ii)
sin  
4
Dividing (i) by (ii), we get,


sin  
x sin  AD 4
  
 sin  3x  AD
sin  
3

1
sin  2  2

 3 sin  3 3
2

sin  2
 3  6
sin  3
sin BAD sin  1
  
sin CAD sin  6

7. C
A : B : C = 3 : 5 : 4  A + B + C = 12x = 180o  x = 15o
 A = 45o, B = 75o, C = 60o
a b c
   k(say)
sin 45o sin 75o sin 60o

1 3 1 3
i.e. a = K, b = K, c = K. Hence [a + b + c 2 ] = 3b..
2 2 2 2

Multiple Correct

8. A,B
Let G be the centroid : AD = x ; BE = y
2x x 2y y
 AG = ; GD = ; BG = ; GE =
3 3 3 3
4x 2 y2 9
In AGE :   or
9 9 4
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 16x2 + 4y2 = 81 .....(1)

x 2 4 y2
In BGD :   4 or
9 9
x2 + 4y2 = 36 .....(ii)

(i) – (ii) , 15x2 = 45 x= 3

9  4  3 5 9  16  c 2
In ADC, cosC =  
2(2) (3) 6 2(4) (3)

 20 = 25 – c2 or c = 5

1
= ab sinC
2

2
1 5
= (3) (4) 1     11 sq. units
2 6

Integer Type

9. 2
C = 180 - (75 + B) = 105° - B.

BD AD
In ABD, 
sin30 sinB A
AD
 BD  .
2 sinB 30 45
CD AD
InADC, 
sin45 sin C
AD B C
 CD  . D
2 sin 105  B 

AD AD

Now, BD = CD  2 sinB

2 sin 105  B 
 2 sinB = sin(105 - B)
= cosB sin(60+45)-sinB cos(60+ 45) .
 4sin B = (3 + 1) cos B + (3 - 1) sin B

1
 cot B = 33 – 4  sinB = .
2 11  6 3

AD 2 11  6 3
Hence BC = 2BD = sin B   2.
11  6 3

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10. 6

 AB
1  tan 2  
 2   31  AB  AB
cos (A – B) = 2 A  B  32  32 – 32 tan2  2  = 31 + 31 tan2  2 
1  tan      
 2 

 AB 1
 tan2   =
 2  63

 AB 1
tan   = ( a > b  A > B)
 2  63

 A B ab C

tan   = cot  
 2  ab 2

1 5 4  C  C 3
 cot   cot   =
3 7 5 4  2  2 7

C 7
 tan = .
2 3

C 7
1  tan 2   1
2 9 2 1
cos C = C
2  = 7 = =
1  tan   1 16 8
2 9

a 2  b2  c2 1 25  16  c 2 1
=  =
2ab 8 2 ·5 · 4 8
 41 – c2 = 5  c2 = 36
 c = 6.
 [c] = 6. Ans.

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 SOLUTION OF TRIANGLE
DPP - 5+6
JEE [MAIN + ADV.] DIVISION

HINT & SOLUTIONS

1. A 2. B 3. B 4. A 5. D
6. C 7. C 8. A 9. D 10. C

1. [A]
(b + c – a) tan (A/2)

(s  b)(s  c)
= 2 (s –a)
s(s  a)

2 s(s  a)(s  b)(s  c) 2

= =
s s

2. [B]
Put a = 3x
b = 7x
c = 8x
S = 9x
= 9x(9x  3x)(9x  7x)(9x  8x)

= 9x .6x .2x .x = 6 3 x2

abc 3x .7x.8x 7x
R= = =
4 4.6 3x2 3

 6 3 x2 2 3 x
r=  
S 9x 3

7x
R 3
 7
r 2 3x =
2
3

R:r=7:2

3. [B]

r a cos A  b cosB  c cos C


R abc
In equilateral triangle A = B = C

r (a  b  c) cos 60 1
 
R abc 2
r = R/2

4. [A]
cos A + cos B + cos C
A B A B
= 2 cos cos + cos c
2 2

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 A B
= 2 cos (/2 – c/2) cos   + 1 – 2 sin2c/2
 2 

 A B A  B
= 1 + 2 sin c/2 cos  cos
 2 2 
= 1 + 4 sin A/2 sin B/2 sinC/2

(S  b)(S  c) (S  a)(S  c)
=1+4
bc ac

(S  a)(S  b)
ab

4S(S  a)(S  b)(S  c)

=1+
S.abc

42 r
=1+ =1+
Sabc R

5. [D]
(r1 + r2)(r2 + r3)(r3 + r1)
           
=  s  a  s  b   s  b  s  c   s  c  s  a
     

3 (s  b  s  a)(s  c  s  b)(s  a  s  c)
=
(s  a)2 (s  b)2 (s  c)2

3 s2 cab abc
= = s2  4Rs2
4 

6. C

4R 2 (sin 2 A  sin 2 B) sin A sin B

sin( A  B)
4R2 sin (A + B) sinA sinB
4R2 sinA sinB sinC
a b c abc
4R2 = = 2
2R 2R 2 R 2R
Where  is the area of the triangle.

7. C

 s  b  sc
1   1  2
 s  a  s  a 
2
 b  a  c  a  2  s  a

 
 2 bc  ac  ab  a 2  b  c  a   a 2  b 2  c 2
2

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8. A

b = 2, c = 3 , A = 30°
3
a  b 2  c 2  2bc cos A  4  3  2.2 3 .  1 1
2
r = (s  a) tan (A/2)

bca A 3 1
= tan  tan 15
2 2 2

3 1 3 1 3 1
= . 
2 3 1 2

9. D
2b = a + c 2sinB = sinA + sinC

B AC
 2 sin  cos
2 2
AC AC
 2 cos  cos
2 2
A. C A C
 cos cos  3 sin . sin
2 2 2 2
A. C 1
 tan tan 
2 2 3
A C B B AC
tan  tan cos sin cos
2 2  2 . 2  2
 B A. C B A. C
cot cos cos cos cos cos
2 2 2 2 2 2

A. C 1 2
 1  tan tan  1  
2 2 3 3

10. C

A
60
P
1 1
120

B C

Let R1 is circumradius of BPC

a
 = 2R1 ……. (i)
sin120
Also for ABC

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 SOLUTION OF TRIANGLE
DPP - 7
JEE [MAIN + ADV.] DIVISION

HINT & SOLUTIONS

1. A 2. C 3. C 4. B 5. B
6. B 7. A 8. B 9. B 10. D
11. A
1. A
a  bs  c  b  c s  a
 s  b  s  as  c   s  c   s  bs  a 
1 1 2   
      2.
sa sc sb sa sc sb
 r1  r3  2r2
 r1 , r2 , r3 are in A.P..

2. C
Let two equal sides are x. By sin rule in ABC
x a
  a=x 3
sin 30º sin 120º
1 3 2
 = (x) (x) sin 120° = x
2 4
 ( 2x  a ) 3 2
Also 3  3 x
s 2 4
 x = 2(2 + 3)

3
 =
4

4 43 4 3 
  = 7 3 + 12 sq. units

3. C
a k sin A sin A
2cosB = =   2cosB sinC = sinA  sin(B + C) - sin (B - C) = sinA
c k sin C sin C
 sin(180o - A) - sin(B - C) = sinA  sinA - sin(B - c) = sinA  sin(B - c) = 0  B - C = 0
 B=C

4. B
A B C   2B c2  a2  b2
2ac sin = 2ac sin = 2ac = c2 + a2 - b2
2 2 2ca

5. B

cos C  cos A cos B b cos C  b cos A    c cos B  a cos B 

 =
ca b b  c  a

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 b cos C  c cos B   b cos A  a cos B  
ac 1
= (using projection formula) =
b  c  a b  c  a b

6. B
b2  c2  a2
cosA =  c2 - (2b cosA)c +(b2 - a2) = 0
2bc
Which is quadratic equaiton in c. Let there be two roots, c1 and c2 of above equadratic equation
then c1 + c2 = 2b cosA and c1c2 = b2 - a2

 c  c 2  4c c  = 2
 
 c1  c 2 
 1 2 1 2
 2b cos A  
 4 b2  a2  = 4a2  4b2 1  cos2 A 
 

= 2 a 2
 b2 sin2 A 
7. A
c2  b2 a2
In ABC, AD2 = m12 = 
2 4
2
a
  2 2
In ABD, AE = m2 = c  AD   2 
2 2

2 4
2
a
2 2 AD2
 b2 2
In ADC, AF = m3 =  
2 4

2 2 2 b2  c2 a2 a2 a2
 m2  m3  AD    m12  m12  
2 8 4 8

a2 a2
m22  m23  2m12    m22  m23  2m12
8 8

8. B
1 1 1
we have ap1   bp2  , cp3  
2 2 2
2 2 2
 p1  ,p 2  ,p3 
a b c

1 1 1 a2  b2  c2
 p2  p2  p2  42
1 2 3

9. B
 = R sin 2A, m = R sin 2B, n = R sin 2C

 R sin2A cos A
a 2
  = 
2R sin A  a a

= 
b 2
 c2  a 2=
a 2  b2  c2
.
2abc 2abc

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10. D
R
Circum-radius of DEF =
2

11. A
(P) cos A + cos B + cos C

 B C
= 1 + 4 sin sin sin
2 2 2

r 5
=1+ 
R 3

6r
 =4
R
(Q) Using sine law
1
2 R sin  = 1
hence 4 R sin  = 2

1
(R) r =
3

2 2 2
=  = =
a b c

1 1 1 abc
   +2= +2=3+2=5
   2

(S) 4 •
4
B C
6 D 8

s–b=6
s–c=8
s–a=7
s = 21
 = 84

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