FS 1 (FORENSIC PHOTOGRAPHY) REVIEWER 30 minutes and keep the image from disappearing

NOTES afterwards.
Both Old & New Curriculum
Contributor: Mr. Ramel B. Pepito, MSCJ (CAR) The Birth of Modern Photography – Louis Daguerre
Mr. Raymond Cabanban, MSCJ (CAR) was the inventor of the first practical process of
photography. In 1829, he formed a partnership with
Photography – is an art or science which deals with the Joseph Nicephore Niepce to improve the process
reproduction of images through the action of light, upon Niepce had developed. Daguerre’s process fixed the
sensitized materials (film or paper) with the aid of the images onto a sheet of silver-plated copper. He polished
camera and its accessories and the chemical process the silver and coated it in iodine, creating a surface that
involved therein. The word was first used by the scientist was sensitive to light. Then, he put the plate in a camera
Sir John F.W. Herschel in 1839. and exposed it for a few minutes. After the image was
painted by light, Daguerre bathed the plate in a solution
Police/Forensic Photography – is an art or science that of silver chloride. This process created a lasting image,
deals with the study of the principles of photography, the one that would not change if exposed to light.
preparation of the photography evidences and its
application in forensic or to police work. Negative to Positive Process – the inventor of the 1st
negative from which multiple positive prints were
Photograph – it is the mechanical result of made was Henry Fox Talbot, an English botanist and
photography. mathematician and a contemporary of Daguerre.

Camera – a light tight box with a means forming the Talbot sensitized paper to light with a silver salt
images; a means of holding the sensitized material, and a solution. He then exposed the paper to light. The
means of controlling the amount of light passing through background became black, and the subject was rendered
the lens for given time. in gradations of grey. This was the negative image, and
from the paper negative. Talbot made contact prints,
History of Photography reversing the light and shadows to create a detailed
Pinhole Camera – Alhazen (lbn Al-Haytham), a great picture. In 1841, he perfected this paper-negative
authority on optics in middle ages who lives around process and called it a CALOTYPE, Greek term for
1000AD, invented the first pinhole camera (also called Beautiful Picture.
the Camera Obscura) and was able to explain why the
images were upside down. Tintypes - patented in 1856 by Hamilton Smith, were
another medium that heralded the birth of photography.
The First Photograph – on a summer day in 1827, A thin sheet of iron was used to provide a base for light-
Joseph Nicephore Niepce made the first photograph sensitive material, yielding a positive image.
image with a camera obscura. Prior to Niepce people just
used the camera obscura for viewing or drawing Wet Plate Negatives – in 1851, Frederick Scoff Archer,
purposes not for making photographs. an English sculptor invented the wet plate negative.
Joseph NicephorNiepcie’sheliographs or sun prints as Using a viscous solution of collodion, he coated glass
they called were the prototype for the modern with light-sensitive silver salts. Because it was glass and
photograph, by letting light draw the picture. Niepce not a paper, this wet plate created a more stable and
placed an engraving onto a metal plate coated in detailed negative.
bitumen, and then exposed it to light. The shadowy areas
of the engraving blocked light, but the whiter areas Dry Plate Negatives & Hand-held Cameras – in 1879,
permitted light to react with the chemicals on the plate. the dry plate was invented, a glass negative plate with a
When Niepce placed the metal plate in a solvent, dried gelatin emulsion. Dry plates could be stored for a
gradually an image, until then invisible, appeared. period of time. Photographers no longer needed portable
However, Niepce’s photograph required (8) eight photographs. Dry processes absorbed light quickly to
hours of light exposure to create and after appearing rapidly that the hand-held camera was now possible.
would soon fade away.
Flexible Roll Film – In 1889, George Eastman
Louis Daguerre – Fellow Frenchman, Louis Daguerre invented film with a base that was flexible, unbreakable,
was also experimenting to find way to capture an image, and could be rolled. Emulsions coated on a cellulose
but it would take him another dozen years before nitrate film base, such as Eastman’s made the mass-
Daguerre was able to reduce exposure time to less than produced box camera in reality.
Color Photographs – in the early 1940’s, commercially
viable color films (except Kodacrhome, introduced in
1935) were brought to the market. These films used the
modern technology of dye-coupled colors in which a
chemical process connects the (3) three dye layers
together to create an apparent color image.

PHOTOGRAPHY TIMELINE
5th-4th Centuries B.C. – Chinese and Greek philosophers
describe the basic principles of optics and the camera.
1664-1666 – Isaac Newton discovers the white light is
composed of different colors.
1727 – Johann Heinrich Schulze discovered that silver
nitrate darkened upon exposure to light.
1794 – 1st Panorama opens, the forerunner of the movie
house invented by Robert Barker.
1814 – Joseph Niepce achieves 1st photographic image
with camera obscura – however, the image required
eight hours of light exposure and later faded.
1837 – Louis Daguerrer’s first daguerreotype – the first
image that was fixed and did not fade and needed under
30 minutes of light exposure.
1840 – 1st American patent issued in photography to
Alexander Wolcott for his camera.
1841 – William Henry Talbot patents the Calotype
process – the first negative-positive process making
possible the first multiple copies.
1843 – first advertisement with a photograph made in
Philadelphia.
1851 – Frederick Scott Archer invented the Collodion
process – images required only two or three seconds of
light exposure.
1859 – Panoramic camera patented – the Sutton.
1861 – Oliver Wendell Holmes invents stereoscope
viewer.
1865 – Photographs and photographic negatives are
added to protected works under copyright.