7/8 Technology and

Livelihood Education
8 Module 11
Control Hazards and Risks
TLE_IAE17/8OS-0i-2
Technology and Livelihood Education – Grade 7/8
Alternative Delivery Mode
Module 11 - Control Hazards and Risks
First Edition 2020

Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any
work of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the
government agency or office wherein the work is created shall be necessary
for exploitation of such work for profit. Such agency or office may, among
other things, impose as a condition the payment of royalties.

Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand

names, trademarks, etc.) included in this book are owned by their respective
copyright holders. Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek
permission to use these materials from their respective copyright owners.
The publisher and authors do not represent nor claim ownership over them.

Published by the Department of Education – Region III

Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones
Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio

Development Team of the Module

Author: Enrile D. Peralta
Language Reviewer: Jessica H. Dalangin
Content Editor: Emelita N. Mañego
Keith Richard R. Hernandez
Illustrator: Gerome R. Lopez
Layout Artist: Rowena M. Paguia

Management Team:
Gregorio C. Quinto, Jr., Ed.D.
Chief, Curriculum Implementation Division

Rainelda M. Blanco, Ph.D.

Education Program Supervisor - LRMDS

Agnes R. Bernardo, Ph.D.

EPS-Division ADM Coordinator

Joel I. Vasallo, Ph. D.

EPS – EPP/TLE/TVE/TVL

Glenda S. Constantino
Project Development Officer II

Joannarie C. Garcia
Librarian II

Department of Education, Schools Division of Bulacan

Curriculum Implementation Division
Learning Resource Management and Development System (LRMDS)
Capitol Compound, Guinhawa St., City of Malolos, Bulacan
Email address: lrmdsbulacan@deped.gov.ph
 7/8
Technology and
Livelihood Education
Module 11
Control Hazards and Risks
TLE_IAE17/8OS-0i-2
 Introductory Message
For the facilitator:
Welcome to the Technology and Livelihood Education 9 Project CAP-LRE Alternative
Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on Industrial Arts – Electrical Installation Maintenance - Control
Hazards and Risks.
This module was collaboratively designed, developed and reviewed by educators from public
institutions to assist you, the teacher or facilitator, in helping the learners meet the standards
set by the K to 12 Curriculum while overcoming their personal, social, and economic
constraints in schooling.
This learning resource hopes to engage the learners into guided and independent learning
activities at their own pace and time. Furthermore, this also aims to help learners acquire the
needed 21st century skills while taking into consideration their needs and circumstances.
In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the body of the module:

As a facilitator, you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this module. You also
need to keep track of the learners’ progress while allowing them to manage their own learning.
Furthermore, you are expected to encourage and assist the learners as they do the tasks
included in the module.

For the learner:

Welcome to the Technology and Livelihood Education 9 Project CAP-LRE Alternative

Delivery Mode (ADM) Module on Industrial Arts – Electrical Installation Maintenance - Control
Hazards and Risks.
This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful opportunities for guided
and independent learning at your own pace and time. You will be enabled to process the
contents of the learning resource while being an active learner.
This module has the following parts and corresponding icons:

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At the end of this module you will also find:
References This is a list of all sources used in developing this module.
The following are some reminders in using this module:
1. Use the module with care. Do not put unnecessary mark/s on any part of the module.
Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises.
2. Don’t forget to answer What I Know before moving on to the other activities included
in the module.
3. Read the instruction carefully before doing each task.
4. Observe honesty and integrity in doing the tasks and checking your answers.
5. Finish the task at hand before proceeding to the next.
6. Return this module to your teacher/facilitator once you are through with it.

If you encounter any difficulty in answering the tasks in this module, do not hesitate to consult
your teacher or facilitator. Always bear in mind that you are not alone.
We hope that through this material, you will experience meaningful learning and gain deep
understanding of the relevant competencies. You can do it!

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 What I Need to Know

This module provides discussion and series of activities that will give you a
deep understanding about control hazards and risks.

At the end of this module you are expected to:

1. Understand control hazards and risks

2. Evaluate hazards and risks using the given procedure
3. Value the importance of following the procedure in controlling hazards and
risks

What I Know

Hello! I hope that you are vitalized today. Make yourself physically and mentally ready for
our new lesson. But before that, let us check your prior knowledge about our new lesson.

A. Directions: Read each statement carefully, write the word Safe if the statement is true
and Unsafe if the statement is false. Write your answer on your answer sheet.

_______1. An electrician should not check the accident record.

_______2. One of the effects of psychological hazards is depression.
_______3. The severe effect of chemical hazards is lung diseases.
_______4. One of the effects of ergonomic hazards is muscle cramps.
_______5. The harmful effect of biological hazards is decrease in efficiency.
_______6. Eliminating hazards and risks is the process of determining the level of
risks created hazards.
_______7. Evaluating the hazards and risks is crucial in making decision on the
mode of control to be use.
_______8. Controlling hazards and risks, which means settling on the measure
that will solve the trouble most successfully.
_______9. Eliminating a hazard means removing it partially.
_______10. The use of PPE is not an alternative way of controlling hazards.
_______11. Wet floor causes slip and falls
_______12. Stock drinking water can cause diarrhea.
_______13. Over speeding of car is good.
_______14. Too much intake of foods causes healthy.
_______15. Practice good positions at work.

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 What’s In

Welcome to the control of hazards and risks. Before we proceed, let us try to recall
the previous lesson. Can you apply what have you learned in the previous module?
By remembering the idea about hazards and risk.

Directions: Match column A with column B, choose the letter only. Write your answer
on your answer sheet.

Column A Column B

_____1. Hazards a. Removing hazards completely

_____2. Occupational Health and Safety b. Psychological hazards
_____3. Risks c. Risks assessment
_____4. Physical hazards d. Chemical Hazards
_____5. Bacteria and viruses e. Ergonomic hazards
_____6. Standing for long period of time f. Biological hazards
_____7. Disinfecting solution g. Falls
_____8. Burn out h. Possibility that some body could be
harm
_____9. Evaluating hazards and risks i. Campaign and maintenance of the
Well- being of worker in every
occupation
_____10. Eliminating hazards j. Anything that can cause harm to an
Individual
k. Safety

Good job! The result of your activity showed your mastery of the previous lesson.
Now, be ready for the new challenges that this module will give you. Good luck!

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 What’s New

To give you a glimpse of the new lesson, answer this activity.

Directions: Given the words below, choose and write the correct words in the boxes which
best describe it. Use another sheet of paper for your answer.

Allergy Risks assessment Eliminating Recognize a hazard

Record risks assessment Anxiety Use of PPE

Substitution Fire Hand washing Safety

EFFECTS OF HAZARDS ELIMINATING HAZARDS CONTROL HAZARDS AND

AND RISKS AND RISKS RISKS

What is It

The ideas around Identification of hazards and risks are essential because we can
learn and prevent illnesses and accidents in a certain workplace.

Before completing the lesson about hazards and risks, let’s check the level of your
understanding by explaining/answering series of activities and assessments in this lesson.

HAZARDS AND RISKS

Hazard is anything that may cause harm to an individual, such as chemicals, electricity,
open drawers, and inadequate ventilation.

Risk is the possibility that somebody could be harmed by these and other hazards and
the indication of how serious the harm can be.

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Occupational Health and Safety

Occupational Health and Safety is the campaign and maintenance of the well-being of
workers in every occupation. It talks about providing a safe working environment to achieve
an injury-free workplace and a healthy atmosphere that protects every worker against illness.
As an effect, it may also protect co-workers, family members, clients, and other members of
the community who are affected by the workplace environment.

Types of Hazards

Physical hazards are the most normal occurrences in workplaces. They are usually easy
to detect, however, very often are neglected because people are too accustomed to them.
Another reason may be due to lack of knowledge or people do not see situations as hazards.

Examples of physical hazards that an electrician may be exposed to:

• Electrical hazards:
• Spills on floors or tripping hazards:

Some of the Effects of Physical Hazards

• Fire
• Decreased efficiency
• Annoyance
• Falls

Biological hazards come from working with animals, people or infectious materials. This
is, therefore, one of the most common hazards that a electrician faces. If one is working in a
day care, hospital, hotel laundry, nursing home, laboratories, he/she may be exposed to
biological hazards.

Examples of biological hazards that a electrician may be exposed to:

• blood or other body fluids
• fungi
• bacteria and viruses
• contaminated wastes

Some of the Effects of Biological Hazards

• infections
• skin irritations
• allergy
• Tuberculosis
• AIDS

Chemical hazards are present when a worker is exposed to any chemical preparation
in the workplace in any form (solid, liquid or gas). There may be chemicals which are safe,
but some electricians who are sensitive to solutions may cause skin irritation, illness or
breathing problems.

Examples of chemical hazards that a electrician may be exposed to:

• liquids like cleaning products
• disinfecting solutions
• Heavy metals like mercury, lead, cadmium and aluminum

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 Effects of Chemical Hazards
• Lung diseases
• Difficulty in breathing
• Allergy

Ergonomic hazards occur when an electrician’s nature of work, body position and
working conditions put pressure on his/her body. It is difficult to spot this type of hazard
because electricians do not immediately notice the effects to their bodies. At first, sore
muscles may be experienced, but long- term exposure to this type of hazard can cause
musculoskeletal problems.

Examples of ergonomic hazards that an electrician may be exposed to:

• performing tasks that require lifting heavy loads
• too much bending and reaching
• standing for long periods of time
• awkward movements, especially if they are repetitive

Some of the Effects of Ergonomic Hazards

• pain in the shoulders
• back injury
• too much impact on wrist and hands
• numbness in some parts of the body
• muscle cramps

Psychological hazards take place when an electrician’s work environment becomes

stressful or demanding.

Examples of psychological hazards that an electrician may be exposed to:

• Burn out, fatigue and on call duty
• Unreasonable expectations from clients
• Verbal abuse form dissatisfied clients
• Unreasonable expectations from supervisors and management.

Some of the Effects of Psychological Hazards:

• Depression
• Anxiety
• Loss of confidence
• Loss of concentration at work
• Deterioration of performance at work

The following are some ways for an electrician to determine the health and safety
problems

An electrician:
• Should observe the workplace.
• Examine complaints from his/her co-workers.
• Should check accident records.
• Study the chart on results of inspections done by the employers or private
organizations.
• Use checklists and inspect the workplace.

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Evaluating Hazards and Risks

Once you recognized a hazard in the workplace, then you can proceed with risk
assessment, that is focusing on the risks which really matter in the workplace. Evaluating
hazards and risks is the process of determining the level of risk created by the hazard and
the likelihood of injury or illness occurring. Most of the time, simple measures can be done,
with no trouble, to control risks. An example of this is making sure that cabinet drawers are
kept closed so that people do not trip.

Needless to say, the concern for control increases as the recognized level of risk
increases. A person identifying the risk of harm or injury from a hazard in a home wiring job
should consider these questions:
• how likely it is that a hazard will cause harm;
• how serious that harm is likely to be;
• how often (and how many) workers are exposed to it.

It is a must that you have a record of every risk assessment done. If a certain accident or
damage happened again, you might trace back the original records to check if the assessment
overlooked a potential hazard. Assessing or evaluating the hazards and risks is crucial in
making a decision on the mode of control to be used.

Risk assessment:
Is a term used to describe the overall process or method used in assessing hazards and
risks?
• Identify hazards and risk factors that have the potential to cause harm (hazard
identification).
• Analyze and evaluate the risk associated with that hazard (risk analysis, and risk
evaluation).
• Determine appropriate ways to eliminate the hazard, or control the risk when the
hazard cannot be eliminated (risk control).

A risk assessment is a thorough look at your workplace to identify those things, situations,
processes, etc. that may cause harm, particularly to people. After identification is made, you
analyze and evaluate how likely and severe the risk is. When this determination is done, you
can decide the next measures to be used and utilized to effectively eliminate or control the
harm from happening.

Importance of risk assessment as an integral part of an occupational health and safety

management plan. They help to:
• Create awareness of hazards and risk.
• Identify who may be at risk (e.g., employees, cleaners, visitors, contractors, the public,
etc.).
• Determine whether a control program is required for a particular hazard.
• Determine if existing control measures are adequate or if more should be done.
• Prevent injuries or illnesses, especially when done at the design or planning stage.
• Prioritize hazards and control measures.

CONTROL HAZARDS AND RISKS

It is possible that workplace hazards can be controlled by a variety of methods. Of course,

the very reason why hazards should be controlled is to prevent workers from being exposed
to occupational hazards. Hazard control comes in different processes. But one method may
be more effective than the others.
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 When we speak of controlling hazards and risks, it means settling on the measure that
will solve the trouble most successfully. There are five major categories of control measures:
elimination, substitution, engineering controls, administrative controls and personal protective
equipment.

1. Eliminating a hazard means removing it completely.

2. Substitution is replacing or substituting a hazardous agent or work process with a less
dangerous one.
3. An engineering control may mean changing a piece of machinery (for example, using
proper machine guards) or a work process to reduce exposure to a hazard.
4. An administrative control may mean working a limited number of hours in a hazardous
area is an example of an administrative control (for example, job rotation)
5. Personal Protective Equipment includes ear and eye protection, respirators and
protective clothing.

Obviously, the best method of controlling hazards and risks is through elimination. That
is to take away or to get rid of the hazards, unfortunately this is not possible. The general rule
is that the use of personal protective equipment (PPE) should be the best alternative in
controlling hazards and risks in a workplace.

WAYS TO PREVENT HAZARDS AND RISKS

• Ensure that all electrical equipment you use is in good condition.

• Check electrical cords and make sure they are not frayed.
• Always dry your hands before attempting to use any electrical equipment.
• Do not attempt to change fuses unless you know the correct process of doing it.
• Always use of complete Personal Protective Equipment
• Apply proper hand washing
• Draft and construct a safety work plan
• Conduct ocular inspection on workplace
• Follow the recommended safety protocols

Electronic Waste Disposal

Electronic waste (E-waste) this term applies to consumer and business electronic
equipment that is near or at the end of its useful life. There is no clear definition for electronic
waste (e-waste) at this time, but if you can plug it in to an electrical outlet or it contains circuit
boards or chips, it is most likely e-waste. These products can contain heavy metals like
cadmium, lead, copper, and chromium that can contaminate the environment. DO NOT
dispose of these items in the trash or your recycling bins.

Examples of electronic waste include, but not limited to:

• TVs, computer monitors, printers, scanners, keyboards, mice, cables, circuit boards,
lamps, clocks, flashlight, calculators, phones, answering machines, digital/video
cameras, radios, VCRs, DVD players, MP3 and CD players
• Kitchen equipment (toasters, coffee makers, microwave ovens)
• Laboratory equipment** (hot plates, microscopes, calorimeters)
• Broken computer monitors, television tubes (CRTs)

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 Additional examples of electronic waste:

• Xerox machine, electronic instruments like electric guitar, banjos, violins and electric
key board
• Electronic voltmeter like analog voltmeter and digital voltmeter
• Other appliances such as washing machine, dryer and flat iron
• Food processor, electronic food slicer, electronic can opener, blender, electronic food
mixer and coffee maker machine
• Hospital equipment like x-ray machine, ultra sound machine and digital blood pressure

What’s More

Independent Activity 1

Directions; Put a check mark (/) on the column that best describes the hazards. Write it on
your answer sheet.

Example of effect Psychological Chemical Ergonomic Biological Physical

of hazards hazards hazards hazards hazards hazards

1. Back pain
2. Loss of
confidence
3. Skin irritations
4. Difficulty in
breathing
5. Annoyance
6. Too much
bending and
reaching
7. Infections
8. Decrease in
efficiency
9. Numbness in
some part of the
body
10. Tuberculosis

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Independent Activity 2

A. Directions: Search the word/ words that are related on evaluating hazards and risks.
Write it on your answer sheet.

A R E C O G N I Z E H A Z A R D
F G J E M Z Y Z O O C S G S R I
B L E O L D G A X G J D H A H T
P E I L O S O P H Y T L Z D A N
H V E D L T H Y M A N A I I U E
Y E U L O D G J K C H X D H L M
S L O S S H I F T G O R K X D S
I O N S F E C T N W A V I G A S
C F I R N O I I O O A E E L P E
A R N I M A T M I R A L I S P S
L I X O K A N N H K A P M A L S
Z S I B U O L F A P F G J X E A
C K B L B K L S T L U K C K X K
C F A R N V B Y U A R T O P X S
F V A G A N I S T C N V U P N I
E E A M E R R G J E O M I S F R

B. Directions: Arrange the following jumbled letters to form words concerning about
evaluating hazards and risks, put your answer in the boxes being provided. Write it
on your answer sheet.

1.

E T A E R C S S E N E R A W A

2.

L O T N O C R M A R G O R P

3.

L O R T N O C S E R U S A E M

4.

T N E V E R P S E I R U J N I

5.

N O I T A C I F I T N E D I
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Independent Activity 3

A. Directions: Identify the pictures of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) to be

used in order to protect yourself from hazards and risks, choose your answer inside
the box. Write your answer on a separate sheet.

Gown Apron Mask Hard Hat Gloves

PPE Name of PPE

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

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 What I Have Learned
To summarize what you’ve learned in this module, answer the activity that is being
provided.

Directions: Using the fish bone analysis, think of possible activities to be done by an
electrician that will lead to a safe workplace environment. Write your answer on your answer
sheet. (see rubrics in appendix)

Activity 1 Activity 2 Activity 3

Ex. Safe
Wear PPE Workplace
Environment
on Electrical
Activity 4 Activity 5 Activity 6 Service

What I Can Do

You are awesome because you’ve come this far. In this stage, you will apply what you’ve
learned from the lesson.

Directions: Go around your house and create a simple Hazards and Risks Mitigation Plan
that will assure the safety of the family members. Use the format below and write it on your
answer sheet. (see rubrics in appendix)

Simple Hazards and Risk Mitigation Plan

Target Area for Trace Hazards Possible Effect of Control Measures
inspections and Risks Hazards and Risks on Hazards and
Risks
Ex. Kitchen Damage electrical Electrical shock Repair on
wiring electrical wiring

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 Assessment

You are a smart student for reaching this stage. Now, let us test your complete
understanding of the lesson in this module. Answer this post assessment.

A. Directions: Read each statement carefully, write the word CONTROL if the statement is
true and UNCONTROL if the statement is false. Write your answer on a separate sheet.

_______1. Eliminating hazards and risks is the process of determining the level of risks
created hazards.
_______2. Evaluating the hazards and risks is crucial in making a decision on the mode of
control to be used.
_______3. Controlling hazards and risks, it means settling on the measure that will
successfully solve the problem.
_______4. Eliminating a hazard means removing it partially.
_______5. The use of PPE is not alternative way of controlling hazards.
_______6. An electrician should not check the accident record.
_______7. One of the effects of psychological hazards is depression.
_______8. The severe effect of chemical hazards is lung diseases.
_______9. One of the effects of ergonomic hazards is muscle cramps.
_______10. The harmful effect of biological hazards is decrease in efficiency.

Additional Activity

Reflection: Tell what idea of the following pictures express by answering the given
questions below and write it on your answer sheet. (see rubrics in appendix)

How likely it is that a hazard will cause harm?

_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

How serious that harm is likely to be?

_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________

How often workers are exposed to it?

_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
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 15
What I Know What’s New
1. Unsafe EFFECTS OF ELIMINATING CONTROL
2. Safe HAZARDS AND HAZARDS AND HAZARDS AND
3. Safe RISKS RISKS RISKS
4. Safe
5. Unsafe Allergy Risks assessment Eliminating
6. Safe Anxiety Recognize a hazard Substitution
7. Safe Fire Record risk Use PPE
8. Safe assessment Hand washing
9. Unsafe
10. Unsafe
11. Unsafe
12. Unsafe
What’s More
13. Unsafe
14. Unsafe
Independent Activity 1
15. Safe
Example of effect Psychological Chemical Ergonomic Biological Physical
of hazards hazards hazards hazards hazards hazards
1. Back pain /
What’s in
2. Loss of
confidence /
1. J
2. I 3. Skin irritations /
3. H 4. Difficulty in
/
4. G breathing
5. F 5. Annoyance /
6. E 6. Too much
7. D bending /
8. B and reaching
9. C 7. Infections /
10. A
8. Decrease in
efficiency
9. Numbness in
some part of the /
body
10. Tuberculosis /
Independent Activity 2 Independent Activity 3 What I have Learned Assessment
Answers may vary
A. A.
1. Control
1. Recognize Hazard a. 3
What I can do 2. Control
2. Workplace b. 2
Answers may vary 3. Control
3. Risk Assessment c. 1
4. Uncontrol
4. Evaluating Hazard d. 7
5. Uncontrol
5. Level of Risk e. 6 Additional Activities 6. Uncontrol
f. 5 Answers may vary 7. Control
B. g. 4
8. Control
1. Create Awareness B.
9. Control
2. Control Program 1. Hard Hat
10. Uncontrol
3. Control Measures 2. Gloves
4. Prevent Injuries 3. Mask
5. Identification 4. Apron
5. Gown
Answer Key
 References

Learning Module

VALLARTA, HECTOR M., CABUSORA, ROMAN A. JR. Electrical Installation and

Maintenance, K to 12 Basic Education Curriculum Technology and Livelihood Education
Learning Module (Exploratory Course for Grade 7 & 8), Department of Education, pages
63-65, 71-74.

Websites

“Electronic Waste Disposal.” n.d. Environmental Health & Safety. Accessed January 13,
2021a. shorturl.at/hoD27.

“———.” n.d. Environmental Health & Safety. Accessed January 13, 2021b.
shorturl.at/kosAM.

“Redirect Notice.” n.d. Google. Accessed January 13, 2021. shorturl.at/tRT04.

“Risk Assessment : OSH Answers.” n.d. Canadian Centre for Occupational Health and Safety.
Accessed January 13, 2021a. shorturl.at/lDEFG.

“———.” n.d. Canadian Centre for Occupational Health and Safety. Accessed January 13,
2021b. shorturl.at/rvIJ9.

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 Appendix

Rubrics for Additional Activity

Criteria 5pts 4pts 3pts 2pts

Poor and
Sequencing confusing Little to no
Relevance to Minimal gaps
and pacing are sequencing and planning
the topic are evident
smooth pacing, Gaps done
are present
Output had
Output was Output was Output had a no style or
written in an written in an little style or gives no
Quality of extraordinary interesting style gives some new new
writing style and very and somewhat information but information
informative and informative and poorly and very
well organized organized organized poorly
organized
So many
spelling,
Few spelling
Almost no A number of punctuation
and
Grammar, spelling, spelling, and
punctuations
Usage and punctuation or punctuation or grammatical
errors, minor,
Mechanics grammatical grammatical errors that it
grammatical
errors errors interferes
errors
with the
meaning

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 Rubrics for What I Have Learned and What I Can do

SCORING CRITERIA
INDICATORS
5 4 3 2 1
Presented
Presented Presented Presented Presented
1. Completeness all
4 indicators 3 indicators 2 indicators 1 indicator
indicators
2. Content
Knowledge
3. Time frame
4. Quality of work
5. Graphical
presentation
6. Originality of
work

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 For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Department of Education, Schools Division of Bulacan

Curriculum Implementation Division
Learning Resource Management and Development System (LRMDS)
Capitol Compound, Guinhawa St., City of Malolos, Bulacan
Email address: lrmdsbulacan@deped.gov.ph

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