COMPOUND SENTENCES

I Made Sujana 2017 English Grammar 1

 UNIT 5
COMPOUND SENTENCES

Basic Competency
After completing this unit, learners are
expected to be able to use various
compound sentences

Indicators
After completing this unit, the learners are
able to:

 use various kinds of compound

sentences correctly

 use parallel structures correctly.

 use ellipsis or reduced compound

sentences correctly.
 PRE-TEST

DIRECTION: Identify whether the following sentences are correct (C) or incorrect (I).
1. I like to sing and dancing.
2. She not only sees the personnel manager but also the general manager
3. The things you have to do today are to type the report, file the letters, and you should
send these parcels.
4. Both the students or the teachers are expected to participate in the program.
5. To see the country view, she likes either to go by bus or by train.
6. In Senggigi beach, you can enjoy either sunset or see the beauty of sea view.
7. We learned to read the passages carefully and underlining the main ideas.
8. The young girl is very beautiful, smart, but patient.
9. The man doesn’t like to drink beer, and neither doesn’t the woman.
10. I drive to work, and so do my wife.
11. I like to play volley ball, and my son is too.
12. My boss doesn’t like to be late to work, and neither does the secretary.
13. Mrs. Riley paused, turned around, and smiling at the youth, and walked away.
14. Neither Mark or Sue has grammar books.
15. Mr. Dulay is a lawyer, a teacher, and a politic.

A. COMPOUND SENTENCES

As mentioned in Chapter 1, compound constructions are characterized by the use of

conjunctions: either coordinating conjunction such as “and, but, or, yet, nor, for, so,
and/or...” or paired or correlative conjunctions such as either … or, neither … nor, not
only … but also, not … but. The compound sentences are formed when two or more
ideas have equal importance (parallel ideas). The parallelism can be at word, phrase, or
clause/sentence levels. Study the following examples:
a. Join words
 Sydney, Washington, and London are among the cities that interest me.
[compound subject]
 Bayu and Aryo live in Mataram and study in the same place. [compound
subject and compound verb]
 The children want to swim in Water Boom and eat at KFC Mataram Mall.
[compound infinitive]
b. Join phrases
 Andreas has been playing a guitar for years and has been taking a drum
course since six months ago.
 Reading newspapers and playing badminton are my hobbies.
 The bus in the city is crowded early in the morning and late in the afternoon.

EXERCISE 1. Combine the following sentences to form compound

constructions.
1. Indra Lesmana played a piano. He composed the song.
2. John Smith works in a bank. His wife works in a bank.
3. We stay home. We invite some friends.
4. The man doesn’t like the show. The woman doesn’t like the show
5. The witness cannot remember his face. He cannot remember his name.
6. The couple walked round the village. They took some pictures.
7. The woman grew up her children alone. She educated them alone.
8. The businessman supports the orphans. He also donates elderly people.
9. The bankrupt company did not pay employers’ salary. It did not pay taxes.
10. The patient takes the medicine in the morning. He also takes the medicine at
nights.
 EXERCISE 2. The following story contains various kinds of sentences. Identify
the compound sentences from the story.

A MUGGING

One night, Mrs. Riley, an elderly widow, was walking along a dark, London
street. She was carrying her handbag in one hand and a plastic carrier bag in the
other. There was nobody else in the street except two youths. They were
standing in a dark shop doorway. One of them was very tall with fair hair. And
the other was short and fat with a beard and moustache.

The youth waited for a few moments and ran quickly and quietly towards Mrs.
Riley. The tall youth held her from behind and the other tried to snatch her
handbag.

Suddenly, Mrs. Riley threw the tall youth over her shoulder. He crashed into the
other youth and they both landed on the ground. Without speaking Mrs. Riley
struck both of them on the head with her handbag, and walked calmly away.

The two surprised youths were still sitting on the ground when Mrs. Riley
crossed the street towards a door with lighted sign above it. Mrs. Riley paused,
turned around, and smiled at the youth, and walked into the South West London
Judo Club.
Hartley & Viney’s Streamline English Connection, OUP

c. Join clauses
 What you eat and how much you exercise will make your life healthy.
 Gilang has played in the band for 2 years, but Indra just joined two months
ago.
 Gilang plays drums and Indra plays a piano

EXERCISE 3. Combine the pairs of the following sentences into one compound
sentence using conjunction ‘and’.

1. The supervisor checked the machine. The mechanic fixed the car.
2. The teacher asked a question. Mary tried to answer it.
3. I ordered some of new references from the list. The book store delivered them
for free.
4. The man doesn’t like the woman. The woman doesn’t like the man.
5. He offered me a good job at a restaurant. I took the job.
6. The thief jumped into the river. He swam to the other side.
7. The teacher spoke. The students repeated.
8. The mechanic fixed the car. Then we had lunch at the restaurant.
9. She called the waiter. They ordered their favorite food.
10. One student raised a question. The other student answered it.
11. Bob studies Mathematics. His sister studies Chemistry.
12. I teach English. My wife teaches Arts.
13. The children are watching TV programs. The parents are discussing tour plan.
14. The teacher asked questions. The students raised their hands.
15. My son spent all his money. His friend lent him some.

EXERCISE 4. Combine the pairs of the following sentences into one compound
sentence using a conjunction ‘but’.

1. I studied hard for my exam. My brother went to disco.

2. The husband loves to live in the city. The wife loves to live in the country.
3. The teacher gave students some candies. They did not take them.
4. Mary tried to teach me Statistics. I couldn’t understand it.
5. My computer does not work. I don’t have time to get it fixed.
6. I saw him at the party last night. He didn’t see me.
7. My wife drinks a lot of water. I like to drink soft drink.
8. I used to have long hair. Now I have short hair.
9. I borrowed money from the bank. I couldn’t manage to pay it.
10. The student applied for AusAid scholarship. He failed to get one.
11. He achieved 620 on the TOEFL test. He didn’t manage to get scholarship.
12. She lent me a novel. I have read it.
13. The bank offered me loan. I didn’t need it.
14. The concert was good. The audience didn’t enjoy it.
15. She is going to Singapore next week. The tickets were sold out.

EXERCISE 5. Combine the pairs of the following sentences into one compound
sentence using a conjunction ‘or’.

1. You have to be careful. You will have an accident.

2. She has to take a rest. She will get sick.
3. The children must eat healthy food. They will not grow big and strong.
4. You have to have breakfast. You will not be able to concentrate well at
school.
5. You should finish your food. You cannot have your ice cream.
6. The students must read these references. They won’t get good grades.
7. The employees should submit their work punctually. They won’t get extra
payment from the company.
8. The students have to arrive at school on time. They will get punished.
9. You should pay the bill by 15th every month. You will be fined.
10. Take exercise regularly. You will get bigger and bigger.

EXERCISE 6. Combine the pairs of the following sentences into one compound
sentence using an appropriate conjunction, ‘and, but, or’.

1. We must purchase tickets now. We won’t see the big football match.
2. My teacher offered me a part time job. I took it.
3. My supervisor showed me my mistakes. I corrected them immediately.
4. You should get the computer fixed. You cannot finish your assignment.
5. They were rushed to hospital. The doctors didn’t managed to save their lives.
6. You must save some of your income. You will never have a house.
7. She is going to have a party. We will meet at the restaurant.
8. The instructor explained the concepts. The students did the exercises.
 9. The lecturer has tried to use various strategies to teach. The students didn’t
understand.
10. You should come inside. You will get wet.
11. It rained yesterday. It is going to rain tomorrow.
12. I was very cold. Then I went to a doctor.
13. The students have studied hard. They failed in the exam.
14. The mayor has persuaded people to move from the site. People refused to
leave their houses.
15. You should go to the airport soon. You will miss your flight.

B. PARALLEL STRUCTURES

Parallel Structures are the uses of the same grammatical structures for related ideas of
equal importance. The related ideas of equal importance often occur in the form of a list.
The list can be nouns, noun phrase, adjectives, adverbs or clauses connected by
coordinate conjunction (and, but or), paired conjunctions (neither ….. nor …., either …..
or ….., not only …… but also ……, etc.), or comparison structures (as …. as …,
compared with, rather than, etc.).

Study the following faulty parallel structures taken from the Pre-Test. To correct them,
consider the parallel constructions before and after conjunctions.
1. I like to sing and dancing.
2. She is beautiful, smart, and patience.
3. The things you have to do today are to type the report, file the letters, and you
should send these parcels.

Each of these three sentences is not parallel because forms or word classes before and
after the coordinate conjunction ‘and’ are not balance (i.e. one uses ‘to sing’ while the
other ‘singing’, and so on). They should say:

1. I like singing and dancing.

2. She is beautiful, smart, and patient.
 3. The things you have to do today are to type the report, file the letters, and send
these parcels

The use of paired conjunctions also needs parallel forms after the first conjunction and
the second one. Look at the following examples. Word classes after the first conjunction
(not only, either) are not the same as those after conjunction (nor, or); while in sentence
no 5, the problem is on the use of fixed pairs of the conjunction (both must be with ‘and’,
not ‘or’).

4. She not only sees the personnel manager but also the general manager
5. Both the students or the teachers are expected to participate in the program.
6. To see the country view, she likes either to go by bus or by train.

These sentences must be:

4. She sees not only the personnel manager but also the general manager.
5. Both the students and the teachers are expected to participate in the program.
6. To see the country view, she likes to go either by bus or by train.

1. Parallel Structure with Coordinate Conjunctions

Coordinate Conjunctions (and, but, or) are used to join together equal expressions.
They can join nouns, verbs, adjectives, clauses.

but
(same structure) and (same structure)
or

but
(same structure), (same structure), and (same structure)
or

Examples:
 Jane is young, enthusiatic, and talented.
 The things you have to do today are to type the report, file the letters, and send
these parcels.
 In Senggigi, you can enjoy sunset and sea view.
 We learned to read the passage carefully and to underline the main ideas.

2. Parallel Structure with Paired Conjunctions

 Both and
Either or
Neither (same structure) nor (same structure)
Not only but also
Not but

Examples:
 She is famous not only in the US but also abroad
 She sees not only the personnel manager but also the general manager.
 Both the students and the teachers are expected to participate in the program.
 The judgement is not on the quantity but on the quality of the products.

3. Parallel Structures with Comparisons

When expressing a comparison, you focus or point out similarities or differences

between two entities. Those similarities or differences of the entities must be in
parallel forms. The similarities can be recognized by the use of the as ……. as or the
same … as, or similar to; while the differences can be recognized by the use of the –er
…. than or the more …. than, or different …… from.

more …….… than

-er ….……… than
less ….….…. than
as …………… as
(same structure) the same…….. as (same structure)
similar ………. to
rather ……….. than
compared …… to
different ……. from

Examples:

 His car is as big as a small house.

 My son is the same age as his son.
 The work I did is similar to the work you did.

 My office is farther than my wife’s (office).

  What is written is more easily understood than what is spoken.
 What I said is different from what you understood.

EXERCISE 7: Identify if the sentences are correct or incorrect. If they are incorrect,
revise them.
1. To make money, Mary works as a typist, a housekeeper, and in a café.
2. He is reading about the origin of the football and how it developed through ages.
3. His favorite pastimes are swimming in the sea and to climb mountains.
4. Joan is tall, with blond hair, and who has blue eyes.
5. You should know how much you eat and how often you exercise.
6. You parent knows both where you went or what you did.
7. The passengers ask the driver either to go to Gili Trawangan or to Senaru Village.
8. The manager needed a quick but thorough response.
9. Your thesis supervisor could revise either what you said or you wrote.
10. The course outline suggests that you can either write a paper or you can produce
teaching media.
11. The woman called not only the fire department but also rang the police department.
12. What you do today should be the same as did yesterday.
13. Music in your country is quite similar to my country.
14. How to buy a used car is as difficult as buying a new car.
15. Eating out is more fun than to eat at home.
16. After finishing my final examination, I plan on travelling to silent and exotic places,
enjoy food in the best restaurant, and playing guitar with my band.
17. Merry is good-matured, generous, and helps you.
18. The yoga trainer exercised not only in the morning but also exercised in the afternoon
to maintain his/her flexible movement.
19. For final exam, John not only studies all new materials but also reviewing all
materials from previous classes.
20. The journal collection in the university library is more extensive than the high school
library.

EXERCISE 8: Choose the incorrect expression from the options provided.

1. The duties of a manager are, among others, to control the quality and making decision
A B C
about production.
D
2. Air travel is fast, safe, and it is convenient.
A B C D
3. The statement of a bankruptcy may be either voluntary nor involuntary.
A B C D
4. The insurance program used to include not only employees but their families.
A B C D
5. The US Congress consists of both the Senate as well as the House of Representatives.
A B C D
6. The company is dedicated to product quality and customer satisfied.
A B C D
7. The big company now solves the problem by using computer rather than to do it all
A B C
by hand.
D
8. Sukarno, the first elected president of Indonesia, was intelligent, capable, and
A B
awareness of the problems of Indonesia as a multi-cultural country.
C D
9. The main duties of security guards in that house are to lock the doors, walk around
A B
the buildings, and turning on the spot lights.
C D
10. The invigilator was confused whether to report the test-taker for cheating or warning
A B C
him first.
D
11. Philip Mahnken had spent his vacation travelling and sunbathing in all three Gilis in
A
North Lombok, visiting traditional villages in North Lombok, and had finished a
B C
novel he began last year.
D
12. A release of a new product should be judged not by the promises in advertisements,
A B
but also by the results demonstrated in actual use.
C D
13. Two excellent reasons for learning a foreign language are to read literature and being
A B
introduced to cross cultural understanding.
C D
14. The proposed increase in the utility rate was neither a fair request and not a practical
A B C D
one.
15. To go to the nearest tourism site, Bali, you can take either Garuda Indonesia Airways
A B C
at 18.00 and Lion Air at 16.00.
D
16. Fire extinguishers can contain liquefied gas, dry chemicals, or watery.
A B C D
17. The six main parts of a business letter are the address, the inside address, the
A B
salutation, the body, the closing, and signing your name.
C D
18. The committee at last decided to cancel the football match, to fine both teams, and
A B
that it would hold meeting for the owners of the clubs and the government.
C D
19. Killer whales tend to wander in family clusters that hunt, play, and resting together.
A B C D
20. In order to become a law, a bill must be passed not only by the Senate but also the
A B C
House of Representatives.
D

C. ELLIPSIS/ SHORTENED COMPOUND

SENTENCES

An Elliptical word means a word that is omitted. The appropriate auxiliary verb
(depending on tenses) can replace the main verb and the rest of the sentence, provided
that the main verb has occurred once or is understood from the context. It has already
been used a lot in the formation of Yes/No responses.

Ellipsis formation can also be used for expressing agreement in affirmative and negative
sentences using Too, So, Either, and Neither. Too and So are used for affirmative
sentences with different word orders; while Either and Neither are used for negative
sentences with different constructions. The ellipsis is possible when the verb in the
second part is the same as in the first part. The second verb and the rest of the sentence
may be omitted or replaced by the correct auxiliary verb (depending on the tenses).

Study the following constructions and examples that follow.

Responses for Positive Statement Responses for Negative Statement

Positive Statement, and S + Aux. Verb + too Negative Statement, and S + Aux. + not + either
and So +Aux. Verb + S and neither + Aux. + S

Examples:
 I like watching TV, and she does  I don’t like watching TV, and she
too. doesn’t either.
 She has read the books yet, and she  She hasn’t read the books yet, and she
has too. doesn’t either.
 I went to Bali last week, and so did  I didn’t go to Bali last week, and
she. neither did she.
 My mother will visit me, and so will  My mother will not visit me, and
my sister. neither will my sister.

Notes:
o The ellipsis of the positive statement differs from that of the negative one.
o To choose a correct auxiliary verb, pay attention to the tense of the statement.
o Do not confuse word orders of each construction.

EXERCISE 9. Rewrite the following sentences using appropriate shortened forms

(ellipsis) above.

1. Mary has read the book. John has read the book.
 Mary has read the book, and John has too/ and so has John.
2. The male students are reading in the class. The female students are reading in the
class.
____________________________________________________________________
3. The clock has stopped. My watch has stopped.
____________________________________________________________________
4. The sons have to stay at home. The parents have to stay at home.
____________________________________________________________________
5. Sam studies hard every day. Dick studies hard every day.
____________________________________________________________________
6. Sandy will visit his parent on weekend. His roommate will visit his parent on
weekend.
___________________________________________________________________
7. The railway station was very crowded on school holidays. The airport was very
crowded on school holidays.
____________________________________________________________________
8. The principal of the school speaks English very well. The teachers of the school
speak English very well.
____________________________________________________________________
9. My father worked at PT Newmont Nusa Tenggara. My elder brother worked for PT
Newmont Nusa Tenggara.
___________________________________________________________________
10. The teachers are attending the graduation party. The students are attending the
graduation party.
____________________________________________________________________

EXERCISE 10. Rewrite the following sentences using appropriate shortened forms
(ellipsis) above.
11. Mary has not read the book. John has not read the book.
Mary hasn’t read the book, and John hasn’t either / neither has John.
12. The male students are not reading in the class. The female students are not reading in
the class.
____________________________________________________________________
13. The clock did not stop. My watch did not stop.
____________________________________________________________________
14. The sons do not have to stay at home. The parents do not have to stay at home.
____________________________________________________________________
15. Sam does not study hard every day. Dick does not study hard every day.
____________________________________________________________________
16. Sandy will not visit his parent on weekend. His roommate will not visit his parent on
weekend.
___________________________________________________________________
17. The railway station was not very crowded on school holidays. The airport was very
not crowded on school holidays.
____________________________________________________________________
18. The principal of the school does not speak English at all. The teachers of the school
do not speak English at all.
____________________________________________________________________
19. My father did not work at PT Newmont Nusa Tenggara. My elder brother did not
work at PT Newmont Nusa Tenggara.
___________________________________________________________________
20. The teachers are not attending the graduation party. The students are not attending the
graduation party.
____________________________________________________________________
EXERCISE 11. Rewrite the following sentences using appropriate shortened forms
(ellipsis) above.

1. Bob lost his job. Dick lost his job.

____________________________________________________________________
2. Mary did not want to go. Sue did not want to go.
____________________________________________________________________
3. I like to drink tea. My son likes to drink tea.
____________________________________________________________________
4. My daughter does not like fruit and vegetables. My son does not like fruit and
vegetables.
____________________________________________________________________
5. The boss is not at the staff meeting. The secretary is not at the staff meeting.
____________________________________________________________________
6. She hasn’t paid the electricity bill yet. We haven’t paid the electricity bill yet.
____________________________________________________________________
7. My son couldn’t sleep last night. My wife couldn’t sleep last night.
____________________________________________________________________
8. I stayed up late to finish my work. My wife stayed up late to finish her work.
_____________________________________________________________________
9. My English teacher speaks French very well. My classmate speaks French very well.
____________________________________________________________________
10. Sally won’t dance at the party. Sue won’t dance at the party.
____________________________________________________________________
11. Sally doesn’t like to dance. Sue doesn’t like to dance.
____________________________________________________________________
12. My son doesn’t want to study statistics. My daughter doesn’t want to study statistics.
_____________________________________________________________________
13. I wouldn’t let you live alone. My father wouldn’t let you live alone.
_____________________________________________________________________
14. Bayu has taken a lot of exercises. Aan has taken a lot of exercises.
_____________________________________________________________________
15. He doesn’t have any money. I don’t have any money.
_____________________________________________________________________
16. The man wouldn’t tell a lie. The woman wouldn’t tell a lie.
_____________________________________________________________________
17. The students failed due to cheating. The other student failed due to cheating.
_____________________________________________________________________
18. I can’t play piano. My sister can’t play piano.
____________________________________________________________________
19. Sam didn’t get any mail from the company. Mary didn’t get any mail from the
company.
____________________________________________________________________
20. I have presented my research report. My friend has presented his research report.
___________________________________________________________________

SUGGESTED READINGS

Frank, M. 1985. Modern English (including Modern English Exercises Book I and II).
New Jersey : Prentice Hall.
Hall, E.J., 1993. Building English Sentences (all series). Jakarta: Binarupa Aksara.
King, C. and N. Stanley, 1989. Building Skills for the TOEFL. Jakarta : Nelson and
Binarupa Aksara.
Lougheed, L., 2005. Barron’s How to Prepare for the TOEIC Bridge Test. Jakarta:
Binarupa Aksara.
Maclin, A., 1994. Reference Guide to English: A Handbook of English as a Second
Language. Washington DC: USIS.
Philips, D.., 1996. Longman Introductory Course for the TOEFL Test. New York:
Addison Wisley Longman.
Philips, D.., 1996. Longman Preparation Course for the TOEFL Test. New York:
Addison Wisley Longman.
Reinhart, S. M. 1993. Testing Your Grammar. Michigan : University of Michigan Press.
Sharpe, P. J. 1997. Barron’s How to Prepare for the TOEFL Test. Jakarta: Binarupa
Aksara
Sinclair, J., (ed.). 1995. Collins Cobuild Student’s Grammar. London: HarperCollins
Publisher.
Spankie, G.M., 1989. More Grammar You Need. Hongkong. MacMillan Publishers.
 SELF ASSESSMENT

In order to check your understanding toward the materials you just learnt, put tick (√) in
front of the statement if you understand the materials comprehensively, cross (x) if don’t
understand the material, and question mark (?) if you feel in-between yes or no. You
have to be honest to yourself.

After completing this unit, I can ...

 use various compound sentences correctly.

 use parallel structures correctly.

 use ellipsis/reduced compound sentences correctly.

If you don’t understand the materials or feel doubt about your mastery, just check the
materials again and reflect which parts you don’t understand yet. Don’t leave the unit
without comprehensive understanding because it will influence your progress in learning
the following materials.
 REFLECTION ON LEARNING

Without looking back to the materials, try to summarize the materials you just learned by
completing this MIND MAPPING technique. Put the subtopics on the first layer and
take notes some important information on the following layers. [This reflection will be
important for you to test your understanding and prepare yourself to become a teacher
who needs comprehensive mastery of this materials]

Compound
Sentences
 POST TEST
DIRECTION: Change the following sentences so that they are parallel.

1. His father is a scholar, an athlete, a comedian, and an artistic.

2. Environmentalists are preserving our environment by protecting the ozone layer,
purifying the air and have replanted the trees that have been cut down.
3. The routine jobs of a farmer are to plow the fields, plant the seeds, and will harvest
the crop.
4. When teenagers complete their high schools, they have many options to choose:
going to college, getting a job, and the army.
5. The soldier approached the enemy camp slowly and silent.
6. Ronaldo is handsome, rich, generous, and many people liked him.
7. His hobbies are collecting stamps, playing piano, reading horror novel, and to climb
mountains.
8. Mary didn’t like travelling to a crowded place, and so do the boss.
9. Bary didn’t finish his study, and Mira didn’t too.
10. How to cook Chinese food is not as difficult as cooking Indonesian traditional food.
11. A new product will be valued not on the quantity but also the quality.
12. I am looking for the smallest, most recently published, and less expensive textbook
on Linguistics.
13. Mrs. Thompson is the best candidate for the manager position in this company as she
understand the company well, has a lot of networking, and a hard worker.
14. Minor diarrhea can be treated by drinking plenty of liquids, especially tea, water, and
carbonated beverages, eat soup, yogurt, and crackers, and avoiding milk, butter, and
meat for twenty-four hours.
15. Because we did not know where the house was and because of the weather, we
decided to ask for your help to pick up.
DIRECTION: Choose the best option to complete each of the following sentences.

16. We still have enough time. Do your d. have accompanied

work slowly and _________ 22. The researchers from the University
a. care of Mataram have conducted the
b. careful research and _________ the
c. with care recommendation to the local
d. carefully government.
17. The family enjoy swimming every a. writing
summer and _______ every winter. b. wrote
a. to ski c. written
b. skis d. write
c. skiing 23. Would you like a room overlooking
d. skied the mountain ____ sea view?
18. Travelling on train was a. but
uncomfortable but _________. b. so
a. cheaply c. or
b. cheap d. that
c. cheapen 24. The new staff will work the morning
d. more cheap shift, _____ she prefers to work in
19. With the aid of the new computer the afternoon.
program, you can finish your a. and
assignment quickly and _________ b. but
a. easier c. or
b. easily d. when
c. easy 25. Mary Jane is not only a talented
d. easiest guitarist ________ a very good
20. After having dinner, Maria usually singer.
does the housework but Dick a. but
__________ a nap. b. and
a. takes c. or
b. taking d. but also
c. took 26. __________ Bali and Lombok are
d. has taken interesting tourism destinations to
21. The teachers directed the children to visit
the park and _________ them to play a. Either
together. b. But
a. accompany c. Neither
b. accompanying d. Both
c. accompanied
27. _________ Jane nor Susan can come b. neither does other driver
to Cindy’s birthday tonight. c. the other driver neither
a. Neither d. neither would the other driver
b. Either 32. My wife lived in the city before we
c. Not only got married, and _________
d. Both a. I do too
28. You decide. We can ________ go to b. so I did
Epicentrum Mall or take a walk c. so did I
along Senggigi Beach. d. neither did I
a. neither 33. Children love playing in the mud,
b. either running through puddles, and
c. not only __________
d. both a. they get very dirty
29. A child’s development is contributed b. get very dirty
by both heredity and _________ c. getting very dirty
a. by environment factors d. very dirty
b. environment 34. The museum staff removed the Ming
c. environmentally vase slowly and _______ and placed
d. the influence of the environment it on the display.
30. The final exam for English Grammar a. with care
1 will be _________ to the midterm b. careful
exam. c. carefulness
a. same d. carefully
b. similar 35. The pet dog stood up slowly, wagged
c. like its tail, _____________ its eyes, and
d. alike barked.
31. The man who was driving the lorry a. blinking
would not admit that he had been at b. blinks
fault, and ___________ c. blinked
a. neither the other driver d. blink

DIRECTION: Choose one of the underlined words or phrases that must be changed in
order to correct the sentence.

36. Our competitor’s products are made poorly and sold cheap.
A B C D
37. The new gadgets are equipped not only with an element for translating foreign
A B
languages but also a GPS for guiding directions and locations.
C D
38. For photosynthesis to occur, a leaf requires carbon dioxide, water, and lightness.
A B C D
39. In order to reduce production cost, many manufacturers use food additive for
A B
preserving, to color, to flavor, and to fortify foods.
C D
40. Vaslav Nijinsky achieved world recognition as both a dancer as well as a
A B C D
choreographer.

41. Schizophrenia , a behavioral disorder typified by a fundamental break with reality,

A B
may be triggered by genetic predisposition, stressful, drugs, or infections.
C D
42. Draft horses are the tallest, most powerful, and heavy group of horses.
A B C D
43. Harmonize, melody, and rhythm are important elements in most forms of music.
A B C D
44. Even a professional psychologist may have difficulties taking calm and logically
A B C
about his own problems.
D
45. Some methods to prevent soil erosion are plowing parallel with slopes of hills, to
A B C
plant trees on unproductive land, and rotating crops.
D

*****Good Luck*****