PERCEPTION OF MOTORCYCLE DRIVERS AND TRAFFIC ENFORCERS ON THE

IMPLEMENTATION OF MOTORCYCLE HELMET ACT

An Undergraduate Thesis
Presented to the Faculty of College of Criminal Justice Education
Ramon Magsaysay Memorial Colleges – Marbel Inc.
Koronadal City

In Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements for the Degree

Bachelor of Science in Criminal Justice

RENALYN D. SAMSON
 Chapter 1

Rationale
The traffic enforcers are the one who take control, maintain, and observe

the state of the roads and informing the proper authorities of any hazardous

driving conditions. motorcycle drivers should comply with the helmet act for their

safety. This will make a policy more effective at protecting riders and their

passengers. All motorcycle riders, including drivers and back riders, are required

to wear standard protective motorcycle helmets at all times while driving, whether

long or short drives, in any type of road and highway. Standard protective

motorcycle helmets are appropriate types of helmets for motorcycle riders that

comply with the specifications issued by the Department of Trade and Industry.

Any person caught not wearing the standard protective motorcycle helmet will be

punished with a fine of P1,500.00 for the first offense, P3,000.00 for the second

offense, P5,000.00 for the third offense, and P10,000.00 plus confiscation of the

driver’s license for the fourth and succeeding offenses.

Law enforcers, at least 50-60implemented the rules and they are apprehending drivers

without helmet. Helmet users are happy that this law is implemented because they

know that the rule of law is properly served in the City. In this context the researchers

were prompted to determine if the R.A 10054 is effective, Hence, this study described

and assessed the facts surrounding of the Implementation of R.A.10054. (Pangilinan

2012)

The goal of this study is to provide information about perception of motorcycle

drivers and traffic enforcers on the implementation of the motorcycle helmet act The
researchers will discuss the different reasons why there are concerns with the drivers

and traffic enforcers. As a prospective criminologist, she is motivated to perform this

research in order to understand this issue and to be transparent about the reasons how

to know the motorcycle helmet act. Future researchers should be aware of these

scenarios and be prepared to deal with them.

Research objectives

The study aimed to determine the perception of motorcycle drivers and traffic

enforcers on the implementation of motorcycle helmet act.

specifically it seeks to determine the following objectives:

1. To determine the demographic profile of the respondents in terms of :

a. Age;

b. Sex;

c. position and;

d. civil status;

2.To determine the perception of motorcycle drivers on the implementation of

motorcycle helmet act

3.To determine the perception of traffic enforcers on the implementation of motorcycle

helmet act

4.To draw its implications from the results of the study.

Review of Related Literature and Studies

 This section provides a review of related material that is pertinent to the

comprehension and clarity of the topic under consideration. These are based on the

findings of several studies relating to this present study.

Foreign Studies

based on the study of Daniels (2014), he found out that after the implementation

of the California statewide motorcycle helmet law, fatalities decreased by 37 percent.

Furthermore, helmets reduce the risk of head injury in motorcycle riders by 69 percent.

In 2010 alone, an estimated 1550 motorcycle related fatalities were prevented by

helmet use and 706 more lives could have been saved if all motorcyclists had worn

helmets.

According to (Jortega, 2017) Only 19 states in the United States along with the

District of Columbia have universal mandatory helmet laws in place. This

requires that every motorcycle rider wear a helmet every time they get on their bikes.

The majority of the rest of the states have laws that require riders below a certain age,

such as 17 to 20, to wear a helmet whenever they ride their motorcycles.

Thousands of motorcycle riders throughout the country reported to the offices of

Department of Trade and Industry to get a small sticker for their helmets called as the

ICC sticker. ICC is actually a requirement imposed on distributors, importers,

producers, and consumers. ICC stands for “Import Commodity Clearance” a

document normally issued by the DTI’s Bureau of Product Standards to manufacturers

and importers certifying that their products meet the standard specifications and tests

for quality and safety (David, 2012)

According to Michigan (2017), helmets decrease these verity of injury, the

likelihood of death, and the overall cost of medical care. They're designed to cushion

and protect riders' heads from the impact of a crash. Just like safety belts in cars,

helmets can't provide total protection against head injury or death, but they do reduce

the incidence of both. Studies show helmets are about 29 percent effective in

preventing motorcyclist deaths.

In the study of Bachani (2017) Head-related trauma is a significant cause of

injury and death in road traffic injuries and contributed to 88%of deaths involving

motorized two-wheeler crashes in low- and middle-income countries (L Mics). Large-

scale ecological studies have shown that increases in helmet use when brought on by

legislation or enforcement changes are accompanied by decreases in mortality

and morbidity suggesting that helmets represent a viable method of reducing

head injuries from two-wheeled motorized vehicle crashes.

According to Abbas, (2015) found that helmet non-use was the most significant

factor affecting a motor cyclist’s death rate in a RTI and that helmets reduce the

risk of death in a crash. A 2009 Cochrane systematic review concluded that

motorcycle helmets reduced the risk of death and injury in motorcycle riders who

crash. Helmet wearing among those surviving motorcycle crashes was also found to

lower hospitalization costs compared to those without helmets in the United State.
 As stated by Austin (2013) Helmet laws are often touted as a "cheap way" to

improve bicyclist safety; however, there is no substitute for spending money on roadway

repairs and bicycle lanes, and the best way to avoid a head injury is to not fall on your

head in the first place Education, safe facilities, defensive biking, and educated

motorists prevent head injuries, not bicycle helmets. Helmet Laws are divisive and hurt

community spirit.

individuals whose helmets were reported to fit poorly had a 1.96-fold increased

risk of head injury compared with those whose helmets fit well. Improperly worn

helmets result in all the hazards outlined above with none of the protective

benefits. An individual who wears a helmet simply to avoid getting a ticket is not going

to suffer the discomfort of a properly worn helmet. The best and only

effective/appropriate way to encourage helmet use is through education

(Thompson,2012).

Moreover, based on the study of Daniels (2014), he found out that after the

implementation of the California statewide motorcycle helmet law, fatalities decreased

by 37 percent. Furthermore, helmets reduce the risk of head injury in motorcycle riders

by 69 percent. In 2010 alone, an estimated 1550 motorcycle related fatalities were

prevented by helmet use and 706 more lives could have been saved if all motorcyclists

had worn helmets.

According to Satkoste (2013) study is conducted by The National Safety

Authority (NHTSA) and private institutions examining the crash statistics from several

states demonstrating a direct correlation between lack of helmet laws and increased

incidence of traumatic brain injury (TBI) and death. It is also indicated by the NHTSA
that in the states were national helmet laws are entirely or partially appealed, the rates

of helmet use drop significantly.

the offices of Department of Trade and Industry to get a small sticker for their helmets

called as the ICC sticker. ICC is actually a requirement imposed on district thousands of

motorcycle riders throughout the country reported to importers, producers, and

consumers. ICC stands for “Import Commodity Clearance”, a document normally issued

by the DTI’s Bureau of Product Standards to manufacturers and importers certifying that

their products meet the standard specifications and tests for quality and safety (David,

2012).

According to Edwards (2014), they penalized 164 motorists on the first day for

not complying with the ordinance. A total of P 82,000.00 was collected on that day. And

on the following day, 66 motorists were penalized for the same violation. Unfortunately,

there were 200 motorists who violated the policy for not wearing standard protective

motorcycle helmets on the first two days of the implementation of the “No-Helmet-No-

Travel Policy” in the city. Castillo also said that they have placed checkpoints in

barangay San Juan, roads leading to Dara pedal Beach, and the road heading to

Salcedo. Castillo stated that in the first two days of the city ordinance, they have

accumulated P 100,000 from the violators.

According to Bang and Esmark (2015), it says that good governance serves as

an instrument of governance that nurtures and strategically utilizes the self-governing

potential of civil society under the strategic supervision of public authorities. It also

suggests individual freedom, empowerment, participation, transparency, and

accountability.
 According to Austin (2013) Helmet laws are often touted as a "cheap way" to

improve bicyclist safety; however, there is no substitute for spending money on roadway

repairs and bicycle lanes, and the best way to avoid a head injury is to not fall on your

head in the first place. Education, safe facilities, defensive biking, and educated

motorists prevent head injuries, not bicycle helmets. Helmet Laws are divisive and hurt

community spirit.

According to Stangor (2011) descriptive research is designed to create a

snapshot of the current thoughts, feelings, or behavior of individuals. Simply, it provides

a complete picture of what is occurring at a given time. The design is relevant to the

study since it is meant to describe how the implementation of the Helmet Act works and

is administered in Vietnam. Furthermore, the researchers will be able to know the

insights of the people concerned regarding the effectivity and efficiency of the said

policy, and whether it is properly imposed or not.

Local Studies

Majority of the residents in Dumaguete City still view the Republic Act of 2009 as

impractical even four years after the law was implemented the city. The helmet was

passed in 2010 but its Implementing Rules14 and Regulations took effect only in

January 2012. Dumaguete, known as the "Motorcycle Capital of the Philippines," has

been mandated to implement it since 2012, but the Land Transportation Office (LTO)

head Marliza Elesterio herself admitted that they have difficulty implement in such, as

the local government units and several sectors are against it (Geronimo, 2016)
 According to Stangor (2011), descriptive research is designed to create a

snapshot of the current thoughts, feelings, or behavior of individuals. Simply, it provides

a complete picture of what is occurring at a given time. The design is relevant to the

study since it is meant to describe how the implementation of the Helmet Act works and

is administered in Candon City. Furthermore, the researchers will be able to know the

insights of the people concerned regarding the effectivity and efficiency of the said

policy, and whether it is properly imposed or not.

The director of the Land Transportation Office-Region-1 said as of press time

250 violators of the Motorcycle Helmet Acts of 2009 were nabbed and fined after the

city government implemented an ordinance on the non-wearing of helmet in Dagupan.

In addition, David (2012) stated that over the past week thousands of motorcycle riders

throughout the country descended on the offices of the Department of Trade and

Industry seeking a small sticker for their helmets. Like recruits for a ragtag army waiting

to have their weapons inspected before marching to war, they waited for harried DTI.

In Cebu, Motorcycle -related accidents and fatalities have increased in the province.

The meaningless fatality could have been prevented if the said law is strictly

implemented. The importance of wearing standard protective helmet should be

highlighted. Motorists should wear it even in short distances said Oyez. Records of

Cebu City Traffic Office showed that a minimum of six accidents happen every day.

Some notable traffic accidents have been recorded both occurring in the city and in the

province of Cebu. (Quintas, 2017).

press time The director of the Land Transportation Office-Region-1 said as of 250

violators of the Motorcycle Helmet Acts of 2009 were nabbed and fined after the city
government implemented an ordinance on the non-wearing of helmet in Dagupan.

(Ortigoza, 2015).

According to Stangor (2011), descriptive research is designed to create a

snapshot of the current thoughts, feelings, or behavior of individuals. Simply, it provides

a complete picture of what is occurring at a given time. The design is relevant to the

study since it is meant to describe how the implementation of the Helmet Act works and

is administered in Candon City. Furthermore, the researchers will be able to know the

insights of the people concerned regarding the effectivity and efficiency of the said

policy, and whether it is properly imposed or not.

The motorcycle is one of the most popular vehicles all over the world because of its low

cost, capacity to transport people to any destination, and ease of squeezing through

traffic. It is a minor subset of all motor vehicles and one of all country's most straight

forward modes of land mobility It is compact and thin, provides less protection than

inside a vehicle, and is designed for substantially faster speeds and performance levels

than automobiles since it is one of the world's most dangerous ways of

transportation (Guerra, 2019).

Motorcyclists are also 35 times substantially more prone to be involved in a

deadly accident for every mile driven. A motorcyclist is injured in 98 percent of multi-

vehicle incidents and 96 percent of single-vehicle accidents. Furthermore, motor

vehicles are also 26 times more likely than automobile passengers to die in a traffic

collision

and five times more exposed to being injured. In addition, every year around 1.3 million

people's lives are brought to an end as a result of a traffic accident. Based on the
calculation of World Health Organization (WHO), 20 to 50 million or more people suffer

non-fatal injuries, with many incurring a disability as a result of their injury which is

increasing every year (Zhang et.al, 2019)

Moreover, Ozamis City is not a metropolitan area wherein the majority of the people

focus on farming and other agricultural products which most of them use for work.

Philippine National Police of Ozamis City announced the full implementation of the city

ordinance regarding the “No Shoes, No Travel” policy in the area. In a statement, the

PNP said the implementation of the policy started on January 10, 2017, and will apply to

both the driver and back rider. The wearing of shoes is required, mandating all

motorcycle riders to wear standard protective gear while driving (Batuhan, 2017).

The City given that all motorcycle riders (the driver and back rider) must wear standard

protective gear while driving motorcycles, whether it is a long or short rides, at any time

of the day, in any type of road and highway. It is important for motorcyclists to

understand the risks of riding without a shoe. A motorcycle does not provide the

structural protection compared to a car that keeps drivers safe in the event of an

accident, due to inciting traffic accidents, they implement policy regarding the safety of

the motorist (Nguyen-Phuoc, 2020).

In that way, this policy will be more improved in securing the riders and their

passengers from life threatening accidents and road crashes in addition, motorcycles

are the most common type of vehicle involved in traffic deaths in developing countries

with the above discussion in mind, supporting the implementation of this policy as it

involves the safety of our people is very crucial. In which motorcycles do not provide

protective structural surrounds and sophisticated restraints, which are required in

automobiles and light trucks, are not available to motorcycle riders (Minjares-Kyle et.al,

2018).

Foreign Literature

According to Galvez, (2011) Driver must realize that if he or she is on the road

slightly and severally, that is he must know that whatever action move they make on the

road not only affects themselves but also affects other drivers as well, one must have

proper judgment to determine when and where to pass o rover take and at what speed

they do not have to leave other drivers ranting and cursing Motorcycle accidents are the

leading cause of death among riders. That is why the Republic Act No. 10054, is born

also entitled “An Act Mandating All Motorcycle Riders to Wear Standard Protective

Motorcycle Helmets while Driving and Providing Penalties,” safeguards the citizenry,

particularly the operators or drivers of motorcycles and their passengers, from the ruin

us and extremely injurious effects of fatal or life threatening accidents and crashes

Otherwise known as the "Motorcycle Helmet Act of 2009," RA10054 mandates all

motorcycle riders, including drivers and back riders, to at all-time wear standard

protective motorcycle helmets while driving, whether long or short drives, in any type of

road and highway.

As stated by Raj & Hellmann, Lennart, et.al (2021). One sidedness of motorcycle

helmet use: a challenge to motorcycle safety in Nepal mandatory motorcycle helmet use

regulation is essential, but its enforcement is even more important for head injury

prevention, especially in a country like Nepal with a high share of motorcycle traffic. We

assessed the impact of one-sided motorcycle helmet use regulation in Nepal, where
helmet use is mandatory, but only drivers are fined for not using a helmet, while

passengers do not get punished the observation of 2548 motorcycle riders reveals a

dichotomy of motorcycle helmet use in Nepal. While 98% of drivers used a helmet, only

less than 1% of observed passengers used a helmet.

Base on the study of Matthew & Gerberich, Susan. (2012). Motorcycle helmet

use and legislation a systematic review of the literature. Minnesota medicine Although

there has been a marked improvement in the safety profiles of cars and in car crash

outcomes, there has been a marked worsening in outcomes of motorcycle collisions.

Motorcycles account for only 2% of vehicle registrations in the United States, but

motorcycle collisions account for 10% of traffic deaths. Further, motorcycle riders are 34

times more likely to die in a traffic collision than automobile drivers. Motorcycle helmet

use has been suggested to be an effective way to reduce death and disability after

traffic collisions, and enactment of universal helmet laws has been suggested as a

means to enforce helmet use. This article presents findings from an analysis of National

Highway Traffic Safety Administration data and studies in the medical literature on the

impact of motorcycle helmet use and helmet legislation on the risk of death or injury in

motorcycle accidents. The authors found voluminous support for motorcycle helmet use

as a way to prevent severe traumatic brain injury and traffic fatalities.

In response to the 1966 Federal Highway Act, which withheld federal funds from

states that did not enact a helmet law, Georgia became the first state to enact a

mandatory universal motorcycle helmet law in 1967. By 1975, 47 of the 50 states had
universal helmet laws. However, public and political concerns over individual rights

versus public safety opened a new debate. In the following years, political changes

reversed and/or limited previous sanctions and grants that encouraged states to enact

universal helmet laws, which further eroded support for helmet laws. An increasing

number of states either repealed their mandatory laws altogether or significantly

reduced the laws to apply only to minors. At present, only 20 states have universal

helmet laws, another 26 states require only partial coverage, and 4 states have no

helmet laws. A large volume of literature has quantified the consequences of not

wearing a helmet while riding a motorcycle. Although motorcycle riding and registration

are increasing and more states with universal helmet laws are introducing bills to repeal

their laws, the debate continues on the personal advantages of helmet usage.

Therefore, we have reviewed the literature and summarize the evidence basis for the

use of motorcycle helmets. In particular, we have sought to assess the impact of helmet

use on overall mortality, head injury-related mortality, nonlethal head injury after a

motorcycle crash, and the impact universal helmet laws on helmet use. helmet-law-to-

fight-crimes/ Road traffic injuries are a major public health problem and a leading cause

of death around the world. In Lao PDR, motorcycles are a common and integral means

of transportation (Colorado, 2012).

It should also be noted that the safety of vulnerable road users increases as

traffic composition becomes diverse. Therefore, other road users’ perception affects the

safety of motorcycle riders. To ascertain the blame worthiness of crashes at

intersections carried out a survey considering both drivers’ and motorcyclists’ opinions

about junction crashes. Both drivers and riders agreed that the driver would be at blame
because riders have a stronger awareness of dangers at intersections. This

corroborated a viewpoint from a previous study that there was a problem with the way

other road users viewed motorcyclists (Clarke et al., 2013).

Whose perception of getting in an accident or paying a fine was high, were more

likely to increase the frequency of using the turn signals. In addition, riders tended to

follow the traffic rules and regulations more strictly if a rider thought they were prone

to penalties. or some riders, riding is a form of identity and expression or freedom hence

the tendency to over speed, weave in and out of traffic, and take other risks on the road

However, riders actually recognize the risks and try to prioritize this in all they do. It has

also been found that sensation seeking is the strongest predictor of riders’ aggression.

Overall, how riders perceive their identity or skill affects the way they will behave on the

road. Many of the negative perceptions can be changed through experience and

different forms of education and training (Rowden et al., 2016)

Local literature

The motorcycle is one of the most popular vehicles all over the world because of

its low cost, capacity to transport people to any destination, and ease of squeezing

through traffic. It is a minor subset of all motor vehicles and one of all country's most

straight forward modes of land mobility It is compact and thin, provides less protection

than inside a vehicle. (Guerra,2019)

In that way, this policy will be more improved in securing the riders and their

passengers from life threatening accidents and road crashes in addition, motorcycles

are the most common type of vehicle involved in traffic deaths in developing countries
with the above discussion in mind, supporting the implementation of this policy as it

involves the safety of our people is very crucial. (Minjares-Kyle et.al, 2018).

The City given that all motorcycle riders (the driver and back rider) must wear

standard protective gear while driving motorcycles, whether it is a long or short rides, at

any time of the day, in any type of road and highway. It is important for motorcyclists to

understand the risks of riding without a shoe. A motorcycle does not provide the

structural protection compared to a car that keeps drivers safe in the event of an

accident, due to inciting traffic accidents, they implement policy regarding the safety of

the motorist (Nguyen-Phuoc, 2020).

The director of the Land Transportation Office-Region-1 said as of press time

250 violators of the Motorcycle Helmet Acts of 2009 were nabbed and fined after the

city government implemented an ordinance on the non-wearing of helmet in Dagupan.

In addition, David (2012)

According to Stangor (2011), descriptive research is designed to create a

snapshot of the current thoughts, feelings, or behavior of individuals. Simply, it provides

a complete picture of what is occurring at a given time. The design is relevant to the

study since it is meant to describe how the implementation of the Helmet Act works and

is administered in Candon City.

Thoeretical framework
Conceptual Framework

The conceptual framework consists the ideas of the input and output

Input

Perception of motorcycle
drivers and traffic enforcers on
the implementation of
motorcycle helmet act

Implications

Output

output

Figure 1. The Conceptual Framework of the Study

 Figure 1 presents the conceptual framework of the study. It could be seen in the

illustration that the two variables considered in the study are the perception of

motorcycle driver and traffic enforcers on the implementation of motorcycle helmet act

The output was the implication which serve as the output of the survey.

Significance of the Study

The researchers envisioned that finding of this study were useful and significant

to the following:

Traffic enforcer. This study will help traffic enforcer to determine what are the

factors that will help their organization to be an effective leader to the people in their

community and to boost their co-worker’s commitment to the organization. Also, this

study will help the organization how to be responsive to the needs and demands of their

workers.

Criminology Students. This study will help the criminology students to gain

knowledge on how important the trust and support in an organization. This will help

them to reflect and apply the knowledge given to be an effective traffic officer and

leaders someday. Additionally, this study will give them insights on how they will handle

situations to properly fulfill their duties.

People in the Community. This study will help the people in the community to build

trust as the cornerstone of positive relationship. It is important to know that positive

relationships provide social support and feelings of belonging, which are key for creating

a feeling of inclusion. Humans are inherently social beings, and they need this inclusion
and positive, fulfilling, reliable and supportive relationships to establish psychological

and physical wellbeing.

Students. This study will help the students to have insights on how to handle in real

life situations that will challenge their capacity to adjust and adopt to their environment.

It is also important for them to know how to trust and support build an effective leader.

As this study envision that student will be the future professionals of the society, it is

important to practice them that building trust in leadership is just as important as

building trust with employees and both have to be done in conjunction with building an

organizational culture of trust and support.

People who`s Working inside an Organization. This study will give insight and

ideas how important culture of trust and support in the workplace promotes team

effectiveness. As trust has been linked to higher levels of organizational commitment,

intention to remain with the organization and active interest in the well-being of the

organization provides knowledge and strategies on how to properly interact and

acknowledge those workers inside the organization to create trust and support.

Motorcycle driver. This study will give insight and ideas will help them to know

the perception of motorcycle drivers and traffic enforcers to the implementation of

motorcycle helmet act. This research will also help them to encourage the drivers to

follow traffic rules and regulations and also give them ideas to improve their strategies

on enforcing laws.

Future Researchers. This research would serve as their basis as their future

reference to do more research related to the research made. This will also serve as
guide to conduct proper actions in where previous researchers missed in order to

improve and expand prior concepts and facts.

Definition of Terms

The following terms were defined operationally and conceptually for the readers to

clearly understand this study.

Motorcycle. Conceptually Motorcycle is a portmanteau, a combination of “motor”

and “cycle”, where “cycle” is also short for “bicycle”. Motorcycles developed when a

motor was added to a bicycle, making them motor bicycles (mike,2018) Operationally, it

defines that motorcycle is greatly to suit a range of different purposes long distance travel,

commuting, cruising, sport including racing, and off-road riding.

Driver. Conceptually, means any person who operates a commercial motor

vehicle. This includes, but is not limited to: full time, regularly employed drivers; casual,

intermittent, or occasional drivers; leased drivers and independent owner operated

contractors, who are either directly employed by or under lease to an employer or who

operates a commercial motor vehicle at the direction of or with the consent of an

employer. For the purposes of pre-employment/pre-duty testing only, the term “driver’

includes a person applying to drive a commercial motor vehicle (Jorge,2014)

Operationally, the driver it defines to operate or controls on the road.

Traffic. Conceptually, traffic comprises pedestrian, vehicles, ridden or herded

animals, trains, and other conveyances that use public ways roads for travel and

transportation(Williams,2011) Operationally, traffic it defines to all the vehicles that are

moving along the road in a particular area.

 Enforcer. Conceptually, person or group that compels observance of or
compliance with a law, rule, or obligation of the traffic rules (frank, 2018) Operationally,
it defines to someone who make people obey the law or rule.
Traffic enforcer. Conceptually, someone who enforcers traffic rules and safety

standards. At times they may also be called highway patrol officer. They detailed within

neighborhoods or local police station or any nearby posts. These days, there are even

imaginative and creative traffic enforcers who do different gimmicks to catch the

attention of the people on the road and make them follow rules and traffic regulations

cheerfully as with the dancing traffic police. It may also be a way to ease the stress and

tension while on the road especially during traffic and rush hours(Erikkson,2017)

Operationally, traffic enforcer defines to implement and monitor traffic laws that are

related to roadway operations.

Chapter II

METHOD

This chapter deals with the research methods, it represents the research design,

respondents or the subject of the study, the instrument, the research procedure, the

statistical tools employed to treat the data gathered and the ethical considerations .

Research design The study used Descriptive Survey Research design method

of research. It was the most appropriate method because the main purpose of the study

was to know the attitudes and perception of motorcycle driver and traffic enforcer on the

implementation to motorcycle helmet act. Descriptive Survey Research aims to

accurately and systematically describe a population, situation or phenomenon.

Descriptive research is an appropriate choice when the research aim is to identify

characteristics, frequencies, trends, and categories (McCombes, 2019).

Research locale This study will be conducted in Koronadal City, Especially to the motorcycle

driver. This place was selected for the reason that it is accessible to the researcher and at the same time

the respondent is obtainable.

Population and sample The respondents of the study involve thirty (35)

motorcycle drivers in Koronadal city. The study will use systematic random sampling

considering the sample amount of respondents in the community. Each respondent will

be given a questionnaire for them to be answered. Simple random is a probability

sampling method for obtaining a representative sample from a population. To use this

method, researchers start at a random point and then select subjects at regular intervals

of every nth member of the population. Like other probability sampling methods, the

researchers must identify their population of interest before sampling from it.

Researcher use systematic sampling because it is easier to perform than simple

random sampling, which can be cumbersome with large populations. It’s a simpler

process because only the initial selection is random, and then the fixed sampling

interval expedites the rest of the process. Despite being a more straightforward

procedure, simple random sampling can produce samples that faithfully represent the

population (Frost, 2022).

Research Instrument

The research instrument used to gather data were printed survey questionnaires

consisting 40 (forty) questions. The survey questionnaire was used to identify the

perception of motorcycle and traffic enforcer on the implementation of motorcycle

helmet act of the study. The adapted questionnaire divided into three parts. Part one

was for the demographic profile of the respondents, two to determine the perception of

motorcycle helmet act and third, to determine the effects on the motorcycle drivers. The

respondents will answer every item using the 5 point Likert scale (1) Strongly disagree;

(2) Disagree; (3) Neither agree nor disagree; (4) Agree; (5) Strongly agree. The

research used the same method for answering the two parts of the questionnaire.

Data Collection

To facilitate the collection of the data, the researcher wrote a formal letter signed by

the adviser requesting the permission to conduct the study on perception of motorcycle

driver and traffic enforcer on the implementation to motorcycle helmet act. Given to

koronadal city traffic enforcer. Upon approval, the researcher asked the selected traffic

enforcer and motorcycle driver when to conduct the study. Also, the researcher had

explained the significance and the importance of the study. Once approved, the

researcher distributes the questionnaires to the selected respondents which were

approximately forty (40) selected traffic enforcer and motorcycle driver. After the

initiated survey, data were collected, categorized and tail ready for statistical analysis

and interpretation.

Statistical Tools

The following statistical tools were used in analyzing and interpreting the result of

the study. All the gathered data will be treated using the weighted mean, to identify the

attitudes and perception of the public drivers. researcher use frequency count and

weighted mean to interpret and analyze the data.