REPORTERS

Group 3
MEMBERS DE JESUS SORIANO TULA
PRESENTATION TEAM ASSESSMENT TEAM

CABELTES GOHETIA REGIDOR MEPICO

Group 3

LET'S PLAY A GAME!

Group 3

Game
4 PICS, 1 WORD
Group 3

Game
4 PICS, 1 WORD
PA TT E R N
Group 3

Game
4 PICS, 1 WORD
Group 3

Game
4 PICS, 1 WORD
D I AG R AM
Group 3

Patterns and
DIAGRAMS
Reporters: ,Roxy blue de jesus, nickus soriano and
sittie tula

other members: Josyn cabeltes, eunice gohetia

vincent mepico, and jessie regidor
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SYMMETRY is the beauty of form arising from balanced

proportions.

Geometrical symmetry is of three types. These are listed

below:
1) Reflectional Symmetry
2) Rotational Symmetry
3) Translational Symmetry
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1. REFLECTIONAL SYMMETRY
is a kind of symmetry in which half of
the image is exactly same as the other
half.
either left portion is the reflection of
right portion or the upper portion is the
reflection of lower portion.
one can draw either a horizontal or a
Reflectional symmetry
vertical line across the image. is also known as
reflection symmetry,
bilateral symmetry,
mirror symmetry or
mirror-image
symmetry.
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AXIS/LINE OF SYMMETRY
It is a line that divides an object into two equal halves, thereby creating a mirror-like
reflection of either side of the object.

HORIZONTAL VERTICAL 3D-VIEW

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EXAMPLES OF REFLECTIONAL SYMMETRY

Reflectional symmetry can be seen almost everywhere in the nature.

There are many

such examples as
our face, Eiffel
tower, English
letters A, H, O, T,
U V, W, X,Y, etc.
The image of a tree or a
mountain in the river is a good
example of horizontal
symmetry, since we can draw a A butterfly is a fine example of
horizontal line which divides it in vertical reflectional symmetry The human face can
exactly same reflection. as shown in the figure demonstrate it as well
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MAN-MADE EXAMPLES OF REFLECTIONAL SYMMETRY

It is also observed in man-made entities.

Eiffel Tower CERTAIN LETTERS IN THE ALPHABET

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2. ROTATIONAL SYMMETRY
is a type of symmetry in which the
image is rotated to a certain
degree about at axis (generally
center) and still look same as
previous.
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ORDERS OF ROTATIONAL SYMMETRY order one

Rotational symmetry does
possess orders. When an image
is rotated two times and looks
same, it is said to have rotational
symmetry of second order.
Similarly, if an image is rotated
three times and still is the same,
then it possesses order three
rotational symmetry, and so on
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EXAMPLES OF ROTATIONAL SYMMETRY

Images formed by kaleidoscope are one of the best examples of rotational symmetry.
Others examples include:

The petals of a perfect flower A dart board may also be Another example of
also follow rotational symmetry an example of rotational rotational symmetry is
as shown in the figure: symmetry of order 10: shown in this figure:
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ROTATIONAL SYMMETRY VS RADIAL SYMMETRY

Radial symmetry is similar to rotational symmetry, but here's the difference: an object
or shape with radial symmetry does not move in order to show symmetry.

RADIAL SYMMETRY
The condition of
having similar parts
Demonstrates rotational Demonstrates both
regularly arranged
symmetry but not radial rotational symmetry
around a central
symmetry and radial symmetry
axis.
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3. TRANSLATIONAL SYMMETRY
is a kind of symmetry in which a particular pattern or design is shifted from one place to
another. That is, a type of symmetry in which an object changes its place without
rotation or reflection. The exact same image is found on another place, even the
orientation of the image is the same.

In the image at the left, the shape, size and

orientation of the triangle is exactly the
same. The same triangle is drawn at another
place. Therefore, the two such triangles are
said to have translational symmetry.
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EXAMPLES OF TRANSLATIONAL SYMMETRY

Translational symmetry is also when one shape is repeated in an object to make a pattern.

A chessboard is seemed to
The honeycomb is also a perfect
follow translation of black
example of this kind of symmetry.
and white squares. The pattern on room wallpaper follows
translational symmetry. Wallpaper designs are
the most common example of this type of
symmetry:
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Test
NAME THE TYPE OF SYMMETRY, AND WHY
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ROSETTE PATTERN
- It is a moiré pattern whose high frequency reduces its visibility.
- patterns with rotation (required) symmetry and/or reflection (optional) symmetry
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ROSETTE PATTERN
- two types : Dot-centered & Clear-centered
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ROSETTE PATTERN
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ROSETTE PATTERN

Leonardo Da Vinci

He realized that there were two classes of

rosettes: the ones with mirror lines (reflection
symmetry), like a sunflower, and the ones
without mirror lines, like a pinwheel.
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SYMMETRY GROUP
- is a collection of all symmetries of a plane figure.
There are two types of symmetry groups which are known as rosette symmetry groups.
These are:
Cyclic Symmetry ( Cn)
Dihedral Symmetry (Dn)
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CYCLIC SYMMETRY DIHEDRAL SYMMETRY

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N-FOLD (ROTATIONAL SYMMETRY

Formula : 360 degrees / n
n = number of times in a fold

n=3

360 / 3 = 120 degrees

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N-FOLD (ROTATIONAL SYMMETRY

Formula : 360 degrees / n
n = number of times in a fold

n=6

360 / 3 = 120 degrees

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FRIEZE PATTERN
- An infinite strip with repeating pattern, it can also be
called a border pattern or infinite strip pattern.

FRIEZE GROUP
-is the set of symmetries of a frieze pattern, i.e., geometric transformations built
from rigid motions and reflections that preserve the pattern. It includes:
translations
glide reflections along the long axis of the strip
reflections along the narrow axis of the strip
180-degree rotations
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EXAMPLES OF FRIEZE PATTERN

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EXAMPLES OF FRIEZE PATTERN

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EXAMPLES OF FRIEZE PATTERN

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EXAMPLES OF FRIEZE PATTERN

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EXAMPLES OF FRIEZE PATTERN

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EXAMPLES OF FRIEZE PATTERN

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EXAMPLES OF FRIEZE PATTERN

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EXAMPLES OF FRIEZE PATTERN

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EXAMPLES OF FRIEZE PATTERN

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EXAMPLES OF FRIEZE PATTERN

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EXAMPLES OF FRIEZE PATTERN

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EXAMPLES OF FRIEZE PATTERN

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EXAMPLES OF FRIEZE PATTERN

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EXAMPLES OF FRIEZE PATTERN

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EXAMPLES OF FRIEZE PATTERN

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EXAMPLES OF FRIEZE PATTERN

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EXAMPLES OF FRIEZE PATTERN

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EXAMPLES OF FRIEZE PATTERN

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EXAMPLES OF FRIEZE PATTERN

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EXAMPLES OF FRIEZE PATTERN

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TESSELLATIONS
- Derived from the Greek word "tessera" which means four.

It refers to the four sides of a square, the first shape to be

tiled.
- Also known as tiling
- It is made up of patterns of flat shapes that are repeated

and joined together and has no overlaps or gaps.

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EXAMPLES OF TESSELLATION
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Regular tessellation
-a pattern made by repeating a regular polygon.
- all sides and interior angles are equal; the pattern is identical at

each vertex
There are only 3 regular tessellations:

EQUILATERAL triangles squares REGULAR hexagons

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Regular tessellation
- to qualify as a regular tessellation, the sum of the interior angles

meeting at a point should add up to 360 degrees.

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Regular tessellation
- to qualify as a regular tessellation, the sum of the interior angles

meeting at a point should add up to 360 degrees.

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Regular tessellation
- to qualify as a regular tessellation, the sum of the interior angles

meeting at a point should add up to 360 degrees.

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Regular tessellation
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vertex
- A corner point where shapes

join together.
- an essential part in naming a

tessellation
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vertex
- A corner point where shapes

join together.
- an essential part in naming a

tessellation
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semi-regular tessellation
- is made of two or more regular

polygons. The pattern at each vertex must

be the same. There are only 8 semi-

regular tessellations.
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semi-regular tessellation
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semi-regular tessellation
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NAMING A TESSELLATION
To name a tessellation, go around a vertex and write down how

many sides each polygon has, in order ... like "3.12.12“; and always

start at the polygon with the least number of sides, so "3.12.12", not

"12.3.12"
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NAMING A TESSELLATION
Three hexagons meet at this vertex, and a

hexagon has 6 sides. So this is called a "6.6.6"

tessellation.
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NAMING A TESSELLATION
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NAMING A TESSELLATION
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NAMING A TESSELLATION

3
6 6
3
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NAMING A TESSELLATION

3
6 6 3.3.6.6

3
tessellation
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NAMING A TESSELLATION
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NAMING A TESSELLATION
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NAMING A TESSELLATION
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other types of tessellation

- There are also “demi-regular” tessellations,

mathematicians differ on what "demi-regular" tessellations

actually are, but they do exist.

- demi-regular are also called polymorph tessellations
- a combination of two or three polygon arrangements
- tessellation of curved shapes
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demi-regular tessellation
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demi-regular tessellation
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