0% found this document useful (0 votes)
137 views36 pages

Overview of Sketching Techniques

The document provides information on various techniques for technical drawing and rendering, including: 1) Types of lines used in drawings like fuzzy lines, hit-go-hit lines, and variable thickness lines. 2) Composition principles such as leaving white space, zig-zag placement of details, and asymmetrical designs. 3) Perspective techniques including one-point and two-point perspectives as well as drawing circles and forms in perspective. 4) Rendering different materials like wood, glass, metal, upholstery and more through shading techniques. 5) Using people and landscape elements to add scale and context as "entourage" in drawings.

Uploaded by

Wan Nur
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
0% found this document useful (0 votes)
137 views36 pages

Overview of Sketching Techniques

The document provides information on various techniques for technical drawing and rendering, including: 1) Types of lines used in drawings like fuzzy lines, hit-go-hit lines, and variable thickness lines. 2) Composition principles such as leaving white space, zig-zag placement of details, and asymmetrical designs. 3) Perspective techniques including one-point and two-point perspectives as well as drawing circles and forms in perspective. 4) Rendering different materials like wood, glass, metal, upholstery and more through shading techniques. 5) Using people and landscape elements to add scale and context as "entourage" in drawings.

Uploaded by

Wan Nur
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 36

Perspectives and Shading

Summary of the Basics


Good Graphics - Lines
Fuzzy Line – there are no lines or outlines in real objects. Use soft pencils like
2B to 4B to create soft edges.

Hit-Go-Hit – A fuzzy line with distinct beginning and end. Helps to create
interest.

Dot or Gap – Adds movement and life to a drawing. Simulates light reflecting
off an object. Provides finishing touch.

Variable Line – Varies in thickness. Creates three dimensional look, used to


draw people, trees, grains, etc.

Overlap Corner – Quicker to draw, makes the object appear more square,
sharp and complete. Gives a drawing a loose and professional look.

Gradual Value Change – Light reflection causes a gradual value change in


every object.

Weight Variation -
Light lines are usually used for objects farthest from the viewer. They are also
used to create details within an object.
Medium lines are used for objects in the middle ground. They are also used
to define the general form.
Heavy lines are used for objects in the foreground. They are also used to
ground the form.
Good Graphics - Composition

Start Small – Start a drawing on a small scale, a thumbnail sketch. These


sketches take less time to complete and allows you to work out problems.

Leave a visual white space around the drawing.

White Space – Leave white space in the drawing will attract attention to a
drawing. Don’t over shade it or color it.

Zig-Zag – Break the geometrical shape of drawing by placing details such


as furniture, plants, cars, people in the foreground and background.

Tone, Value, Shade – These terms refer to the way light affects an object
or form. Establish where the light source is and leave the surface where
the light hits the lightest. Shade the surface away from the light source the
darkest. Connect the 2 tones with medium tones.

Asymmetrical composition creates interest and excitement.


Lettering

1. Draw guidelines using 2H pencil.


2. Use a straight edge for all vertical lines
3. Freehand all horizontal lines.
4. Don’t overlap corners
5. Use universal lettering style instead of highly individual one.
6. Keep lettering to 1/2” high.
7. If bigger lettering is required, use block lettering.
Perspective Angles

The angle which the object is viewed through the picture plane
determines the method of drawing a perspective view.
One Point Parallel Perspective
Two Point Parallel Perspective
Perspective Example
Process Development for a One-Point Interior Perspective…
Circles in Perspective

1. Draw a square in perspective. Draw diagonal lines from corner to corner.


2. Draw perpendicular lines from each sides of the square.
Mark these locations as the tangent (touching) points of the circle.
3. Divide each half of the diagonal into thirds.
4. Mark points 2/3 from the center.
5. Construct an ellipse connecting the marked points.
Perspective Forms
1. Top surface of a cube receives
the most light – Value 1. Shadow
(Value 4) is typically adjacent to
the darkest side – Value 3.

2. Light curves around a curving


surface, creating levels of value
contrast that also curves around
the form.

3. A bright highlight can be found on


surface closest to the light –
Value 1.

4. As the surface curves away from


the light the value gradually
changes from medium to dark –
Values 2 to3.

5. The surface that receives the


least light is the darkest and we
sometimes call that the “core” –
Value 3.

6. Leave a thin strip of light value to


indicate reflective light.
Simplified Shadow Casting
Shading The Primitive Forms

1. In order to prevent our drawings from looking like flat, we need to


understand the relationship of light, value and shadow on these basic
forms.

2. Cube, cylinder, cone, and sphere are the basic shapes that are found in
combination in furniture and objects around us.
Shading Depth
Rendering Reflections
Imitating Actual Materials and Textures

1. Texture helps to define the character of an object or space. Emphasize


certain materials while merely suggesting others.

2. Study the material that you are drawing, the wood grain will vary in the
way the tree is cut or the brick pattern will vary in the way it is laid.

3. Materials may be drawn realistically or using generic textures. It’s


important to use different generic texture to represent different materials.
Sketching Landscape
Positioning People

Entourage consists of elements in the drawing that


accompany and enhance the focal point. It can be
anything from sky, trees, cars and people. It adds scale to
the drawing.

1. The eye line is at the 5’-6” level.


2. The Horizon Line at either the 5’ or 6’ level for either the
bottom or top of the head.
3. Hips are located at 1/2 way mark of line.
4. Knees are located 1/2 way between hip to ground.
5. Shoulders are slightly above the 1/2 way on the upper half
of the body and slightly angled.
6. Waist and elbow are 1/2 way between the hips and
shoulder.
7. Hips, knees, angles are slightly angled opposite of
shoulders.
Examples of Techniques
Dressing Up Your Drawings
One Point Perspective – Examples: Pen & Ink Sketch
One Point Perspective – Examples: Pen Freehand Traced
One Point Perspective – Examples: Shaded Textured
Rendering Techniques - Wood
Rendering Techniques - Wood
Rendering Techniques - Glass
Rendering Techniques - Glass
Rendering Techniques - White
Rendering Techniques - Stone
Rendering Techniques - Metal
Rendering Techniques - Metal
Rendering Techniques - Upholstery
Rendering Techniques - Drapery
Rendering Techniques - Carpet
Rendering Techniques - Wall Tile
Rendering Techniques - Floor Tile
Entourage - People

1. Compile tracing file of people.


2. Show people in groups or pairs.
3. Add shades, shadows, and color.
Entourage - Landscape

You might also like

pFad - Phonifier reborn

Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.

Note: This service is not intended for secure transactions such as banking, social media, email, or purchasing. Use at your own risk. We assume no liability whatsoever for broken pages.


Alternative Proxies:

Alternative Proxy

pFad Proxy

pFad v3 Proxy

pFad v4 Proxy