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2 Orthographic Projection - 221214 - 125836

The document discusses orthographic projection and its various types including multiview projection. It explains how to project points, lines, planes and full objects onto a plane of projection using techniques like revolving the object or moving the observer. Key concepts covered include first and third angle projections, true vs foreshortened lengths, and projecting all visible and invisible surfaces of an object.
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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
98 views37 pages

2 Orthographic Projection - 221214 - 125836

The document discusses orthographic projection and its various types including multiview projection. It explains how to project points, lines, planes and full objects onto a plane of projection using techniques like revolving the object or moving the observer. Key concepts covered include first and third angle projections, true vs foreshortened lengths, and projecting all visible and invisible surfaces of an object.
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Chapter 3

Orthographic
Projection
TOPICS
Object representation

Multiview projection

Glass box concept

Orthographic projection of point,


line, plane, surface and object.
Line convention
Projection
• Projection is the process in which the rays
of sight taken in a particular direction from
an object to form an image on a plane called
plane of projection.
• The image of the plane is called the view of
the object.
• Orthographic projection, oblique projection,
perspective projection
Orthographic Projection
• When the rays of sight are made in a
perpendicular direction to the plane of
projection, it is called orthographic
projection.
Oblique Projection
Perspective Projection
Types of Projections
• f
Types of Projections
(first and third angle projection)

First angle projection: Europe and other countries.


Third angle projection: Bangladesh, USA, Canada etc.
First angle projection
First angle projection
Third angle projection
Third angle projection
OBJECT REPRESENTATION

Axonometric projection

Multiview projection
MULTIVIEW PROJECTION
Three principle dimensions … can be presented only
of an object … two in each view.

Adjacent view(s)

Depth
is needed to
Height fulfill the size
description.

Width Depth
Height

Width Depth
TO OBTAIN MULTIVIEW
REPRESENTATION OF AN OBJECT

1. Revolve the object with respect


to observer.

2. The observer move around the


object.
REVOLVE THE OBJECT

Top view

Front view Right side view


OBSERVER MOVE AROUND
Top view

Front view Right side view


THE GLASS BOX CONCEPT

Rear view

Left side view

Bottom view
History

Depth
Width
Height
Orthographic
Projection
of Object Features
OBJECT FEATURES
Edges are lines that represent the boundary
between two faces.

Corners Represent the intersection of two or


more edges.
Edge Edge No edge

Corner No corner No corner


OBJECT FEATURES
Surfaces are areas that are bounded by edges
or limiting element.
Limiting is a line that represents the last visible
element part of the curve surface.
Surface Surface Surface

Limit
Limit
PROJECTION OF POINT(S)

BT
BT
AT
Equal
AT
distance

A BR
AF BF AF BF AR BR
AR
PROJECTION OF LINE
True length
BT

AT
BT
Equal
length
AT
B

A
BR
AF BF AF BF AR BR
AR

Point True length


NORMAL LINE
PROJECTION OF LINE
True length
BT
AT
BT

Equal
length
AT
B
A

AF A BR
BF AF BF AR BR
AR

Foreshortened
Foreshortened
INCLINED LINE
PROJECTION OF LINE
Foreshortened
BT
AT
B BT

Equal
BF BR length
AT
B
A BF BR

AF A
AF AR
AR

Foreshortened
Foreshortened
OBLIQUED LINE
PROJECTION OF PLANE
True size

CT
BT
CT
AT
Equal
length
BT AT
C
B

BF A CR
AF,CF BF AF,CF AR,BR CR
AR,BR

Edge
Edge
NORMAL PLANE
PROJECTION OF PLANE
Foreshortened

CT
BT
CT
AT C
Equal
length
CR BT AT
CF
C
B
CF CR
BF A
AF
AR,BR
BF AF AR,BR
Foreshortened Edge

INCLINED PLANE
PROJECTION OF PLANE
Foreshortened

CT
BT
CT
AT C
Equal
B
CR
length
BF BT AT
CF
C
B CF
BR BR CR
BF
A
AF
AR
AF AR
Foreshortened Foreshortened

OBLIQUED PLANE
PROJECTION OF OBJECT
The views are obtained by projecting all object
features to the picture plane.

You have to project the remaining surfaces which are


invisible too !
PROJECTION OF OBJECT

s
PROJECTION OF OBJECT
Draw front, top and right side view
Class work 1:
Draw front, top and right side view
Assignment 1:

Home work1: Free hand drawing-Fig. P3.1 to P3.24


Draw front, top and right side view
Class work2:
Draw front, top and right side view
Assignment 2:

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