JOIN THE DARKSIDE

AAR
 INTRODUCTION Y, DEG OF
. Yz
£ FREEDOM

G C.
"

( I ( KUD )
x.
-_ ,
I Zz
Zi 4
' 2

STIFFNESS DISPLACEMENT p
FORCE .
ELEMENT
NODE

TRUSS BEAM FRAME COMPOSITES STRUCTURE

ZDOF zpof 3 POF DOF DEPENDS ON

•

Xiy TRANSLATION .
Y TRANSLATION .
x
,y
TRANSLATION COMBINATION OF
BEAM 1 FRAME &
•
2- ROTATION •
Z ROTATION
Truss 1STRuT/RoD/ CABLE
✓ SPRING .

B
Q →
Q →
ran on p

j GLOBAL

Doo Ho ¥¥ A o
J
I % . I
2 ROTATION Y
1¥ C C
'
TRANSLATION 1¥ c

NOTATION :
%
>
d
d, K LOCAL REPRESENTATION A
%
,
=
L
q
D. ,
K = GLOBAL REPRESENTATION E LOCAL
d
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STIFFNESS METHOD - TRUSS
df.GE
DEVELOPING GENERAL TRUSS EQUATION MATRIX (K ) .

"

1) MEMBER STIFFNESS MATRIX ( K

'
) ( ELEMENT STIFFNESS MATRIX ) DN

[ K' I
Aff!, f)
= -

:
,

En Df
2) DISPLACEMENT TRANSFORMATION MATRIX ( T)
]

DF
[ d ] =[ T ][ D] (t )

t-fgxgyg.gg/cDI=fYgnng:g )
-

DN F

? De ,
.
-

Cds
( da ! )
=

DN
'
C×= cos Ix Cy = cos by . .
Divx
z) TRANSFORMATION MATRIX ( TT )
FORCE
Qfy
[Q ] [ T ]T[q ] (2) he
'
= -

:÷/" Ka :L
'" " " a.

( Eg:÷l
""
-

:
an .
.

w
,

JOIN THE DARKSIDE qw

-
QNX
[ 97 =
[ K ][ d ]
'
( ELEMENT STIFFNESS )

SUBSTITUTES -
(1) INTO EQ .

=p:{ YEE
"I
Nik 's CTICD ] -

is , : -11195 :c;] '

SUBSTITUTES -
(3) INTO -

(2)

[ Q] CTIT [ ( K] [TT] [
] [ TIED ] ] [T ]
'
'
= K =
. K .

SOLVING THIS ;

[ Q] =
[ k ] [ D] WHERE k ;

Nx Ny Fx Fy
Aq

t : ÷÷÷÷÷÷:p
""
" x Nx

Sym .
Fx

Fy

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 FINDING GX AND Cb 1) SET COORDINATE

2) DEFINE NEAR END AND FAR END

① ②
¥>(0,37 Is
f-
32 Cx
=XXN AND Cy = Yf -
Yn
( 4,3 )
L T
3M @
1
ELEMENT I
1-
¥③ Laos (x = 4 -
O
' t
⑧ ⑦ I
m
# ( 0,32
T
( 4,32 Cy =
3-1 =
0
4M 4

ELEMENT 2 ALTERNATIVELY ; ELEMENT I

g•

By USING ANGLE @× = 0
,
by =90°
y
( 4,3 ) CX @ I @ y =p
- cos =
Cy = Cos

÷×zg
^ ,
@y
53.130 o

ELEMENT 2
.

( 0,01 Cx =
4-1=0.8 > ×

⑤ Ix
°
> 36.870 by > 53.13
g
(y =
3--0=0.6 Cx = cos DX = 0.8 Cy =
Cosby -
0.6
,

5
JOIN THE DARKSIDE
 44
EXAMPLE 1

q2 ELEMENT 1 Cx -_ I
, Cy = O

is %→i
'
I
Asaf ;)
"" "
:
3M
}
-1¥ ③
46 Is 12kW sym
Z
.

4 I 2

lkil-AEfo.EE 0/1
> →5 0-0.25 03

o O O 4

# Sym .
0.25
2
4M 0

• START NUMBERING ELEMENT Z Cx - 0.8 , Cy = 0.6

pop

c.es#.ni:gYr::m.:g.oao.a:i:':i::;:::d
10.820.810.62
t.kz/=AgE
-

START WITH UN CONSTRAINT Dof -

10.8
"
- 0.810.62

Gym .

•
FIND ELEMENT STIFFNESS MATRIX (K )
5 6 I 2
Nx Ny Fx Fy
""

Y :÷:÷÷¥
" " 0.096 0.128 5

f ::÷÷÷÷:L :
0.096
⇐ :
"

SYMMETRY .
:* Fx
0.072 2
JOIN
Fy THE DARKSIDE
 .im#ni:tc:l::t=i:it:K
[Q ] -
-
[ K ][ D ] •

PARTITIONING

"" sea ,
A A
GLOBAL SUM OF [QK ] = KNOWN FORCE
STIFFNESS ELEMENT
STIFFNESS [ Qu ] = UNKNOWN FORCE
MATRIX
MATRIX [ Du ] =
UNKNOWN DISPLACEMENT

[ Dk ] = KNOWN DISPLACEMENT
CONTINUING FROM EXAMPLE 1 ;
[ Kii Kiz Ku
, , ,
Kzz ] = PARTITION OF

[K ] = [K ,
] t [ Kz ] GLOBAL STIFFNESS MATRIX .

l Z 3 4 5 6
3 v -

4
-

I z

444*10.250 g) (K ] -0.128 I
?otg
0 0.096
03
AE 934T -0.25 -
-
an -

-
a ,
O O O 4 T Ot
Sym .
0.25 I
a. 072
O O -

0.096 -
0.072 2
Z t
-
I

> 0.25 0 0 No 0 3
5 6 I 2
STIFFNESS
""

:#
0.128 5

3.moi
= " 0.096 0-096
ovaries
;%; o a
..

0.096 I
0.128 0.096 5
0.0722
Symmetric
0.072 6
>
-

* ONLY IN RED IS SUM TOGETHER ( DEPENDENT NODE ( JOINT )

-

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 4

9%75%1 93.3=1%1
2

i¥→n . ②ii. :

f
t
-
①
an
49.7519%1 431.3=1311
'
inn
ga
-1¥③
.

→5
6

# SUBS EVERYTHING INTO STRUCTURAL STIFFNESS MATRIX ;

4M

÷÷t÷÷÷:÷÷÷÷÷
-0.128 0.096
0.25
PARTITIONING THE MATRIX ; 0.096
-

-
0.096 0.072 0.096 0.072

it:*:* :c:*
-
-

:* :*:*:*
:* .
:
-
0.25 0

0.096 I. 072
-
0.096 -
0.072 O O

output for STIFFNESS METHOD ( TRUSS)

(2×1)=(2×2) (2×1)+(2×4) (4×1)
1) UNKNOWN DISPLACEMENT o Dur
) ( 2K ] = [ K , ] [ Du ] t [ Kiz ][ Dk ]
FORCES Qu
,

2) UNKNOWN , .

SINGE IDK ] sfo ] MATRIX REDUCED To

37 INTERNAL MEMBER FORCE , q
JOIN THE
[ QK ]
DARKSIDE [=Kii ] [ Du ]
 4 2

↳ IED
-
- -

AE 0.37-80.096 D
-
-

p
-

¥
,
z
m →
,

=
0.096 0.072 i
Dz
-

-12
=tpz
!
-
-
-
- -
- -
-

-
using CALCULATOR ;
I
. G @ -
-
-

64
D.
4 12kW
-
-

#
¥-55
-
=
D2 AE - 252
- .

(4×1)=(4×412×1) + (4×4)/4×1 )
*

K2 ][ Du ]t[ km ][ Dk ]
*
(Bulls Now A KNOWN VALUE
22 ( ]=[
Qu ,

since [ Dk ] =D ;
* 4 2

[ Qu ] = [ Ka ][ Du ] 16kW ¥3 M
T
← → i

fat
Yg:/ "f:÷÷
64
Qz
t
-0.25 ya

in .

.
96 4 12kW

96
: 72
16kW →
A
→5

12kW

Qz= 16 kW 24=0 Qs 16kW Ace - 12kW

#
-
- -

, , ,

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 INTERNAL MEMBER FORCES ( q2 ,
SUPPORT SETTLEMENT FABRICATION ERROR
,

AND TEMPERATURE CHANGE ( Ao )

1) MEMBER

÷!;)
INTERNAL FORCE

⑨
=ckst Mails AEK ;] .
-

Yc: :] .

since Gn = -

eye
[d ]
,

df a
GF

!÷q )
"
div [ 93 =

AIL -

Cx -

Cy Cx as ]
.

w
,

qn

2) SUPPORT SETTLEMENT
•
[ Dk ] =/ [ o ] IF IN THE STRUCTURE HAVING SUPPORT SETTLEMENT

" " "" ""

in:::::M:÷t.li: i:c::O: ::::::n÷n

"
"
.

OF THE

I. DEFORMATION .

JOIN THE DARKSIDE

3) FABRICATION ERROR AND TEMPERATURE CHANGE [ Do ]
•
ADDITIONAL TERM OF FORCES [ Do ] INTO STRUCTURE STIFFNESS MATRIX

[Q ] = [ K ] [ D ] t [Q ] .

£ tag any
FABRICATION ERROR TEMPERATURE CHANGE ^

⑨ > Qnx

¥:÷l :* :
¥÷÷l :* ÷t .
:c.

⑤
. .

>
QFX
* 8L ( tve ) * IT Ctve ) HEATED
: Too LONG :

( -
ve ) : Too SHORT C Ve )
-
: COOLED

•
INTERNAL MEMBER FORCE WITH FABRICATION ERROR 1 TEMP CHANGE .

[ q) [K ][ TIED ] [ Go ]
'
= t
AHL
( FABRICATION ERROR )
pg
-

g!g.bg/tl9oILB-AExoTLTEmP
L

[ qy ,

AIL -

Cx -

Cy Cx as ]
.
CHANGE )
JOIN THE DARKSIDE
 CONTINUING FROM EXAMPLE 1 ;

4 ← 4m→ z

16kW ↳ z
pp
f 3) INTERNAL MEMBER force

f-in
÷÷;)
→ i
Agfa ]
!
-
can . .
-

as oxo .

3mi 06 @
I
H f 12kW Des
q2
16kW → →5 ⑤ → i
p
12kW Dex

Dey 2
Dory 4

T
Tax
>z
⑧ IT
-
Off
I? I ④
Di m pl e 1
→ is
7Nx

FOR ELEMENT 1 ( Cx Cy ) FOR ELEMENT 2 ( Cx

•
1 O
0.8 Cy 0.61
= •
= =
, =
,

1.9%1 ¥1.9:D
°

"l÷÷Y l÷÷:L
B
""
¥ " " ""
" """ "" '
:
-

252 2
= -
20 kN lol #
: 252

=
16kW ( T ) # JOIN THE DARKSIDE
 4 2 SOLUTION !

1%43%3 IT ⑥ → ,
• THE TRUSS IS HAVING SUPPORT SETTLEMENT .

)
t
-
① HENGE [ Dk ] -1-0
4 Z

¥4,8 Is 9%1
,

q6@rt2kN.ca
.

3M >
③ ] ,[ a . ] ,[ k ] ,[ Du ]
.

-1¥> →5
ARE NOT CHANGING 12kW
µf_y
46
.

4M
AFTER YEARS IN SERVICE support ③
③# →5
B) b-

SEITLE BY 175mm DOWNWARDS

,

.
ID = 175mm
I 2 3 4 5 6
RECALCULATE THE UNKNOWN D. O F

If
O
.

0.096
.

0.128
43780.096 I -0.25 O I
- -

LET AE =
b- ooo kN .

conscious , to :
O l o O 4
o o o

-
0.128 -
0.096 ) O O 0.128 0.096 5
=
-0.1756
-
a. one
.am#ooo.oaaaotz

0072¥ )
-

[QK ] -
[ kn ][ Du ]t[ Kia ][ Dk ]
°

SETTLEMENT OCCURS 126£ °

( 121=10.096 0.0721472ft (
AT AE g. 3780.096 " -0.25 0.128 0.096
O
- -

p D ,

Do = -
0.175M O O -
0.096 -

?pg
j ( ¥2 ) [ ]M (-22%4)
D. 0128 12.8
BSTITUTIWGAE - 5000kW -_ -
-
Mnt #
g. my
.

JOIN THE DARKSIDE

* FOR FABRICATION ERROR EXAMPLE ,
PLEASE LOOK AT LECTURE NOTE

GIVEN . ( EXAMPLE 22 .

SUMMARY

•
THE UNKNOWN FOR STIFFNESS METHOD IS DISPLACEMENT .

( UN CONSTRAINT DEGREE OF FREEDOM )

•
TRUSS HAVING TOTAL OF 2 D. 0 .
F (TRANSLATION IN X AND Y ) .

•
GENERAL ELEMENT STIFFNESS MATRIX FOR TRUSS .

Nx Ny Fx Fy

:÷÷÷÷÷:p
"" "
" Nx
i
SYMMETRY Fx

Fy

• OUTPUT FOR TRUSS ARE UNKNOWN DISPLACEMENT ID . O - F [ Du ] ,

UNKNOWN FORCES / REACTION [ Qu ] AND INTERNAL MEMBER FORCES Eq ]

•
Truss MAY HAVE A SUPPORT SETTLEMENT FABRICATION ERROR AND
,

TEMPERATURE CHANGE PROBLEM .

JOIN THE DARKSIDE

 p
STIFFNESS METHOD - BEAM
[QI -

-
[ KID ] ¥t¥ ,

RECAP : 2 ROTATION Y TRANSLATION

TRUSS
ZDOF
BEAM

zpof
FRAME

3 POF
COMPOSITES
DOF DEPENDS
STRUCTURE
ON
Jg
TRANSLATION Y TRANSLATION x. y TRANSLATION COMBINATION OF a
SHEAR ( Y )
•

My . .

BEAM / FRAME &

'
Z ROTATION .
Z ROTATION
.
BENDING (z)
TRNSSISTRUTIRODI CABLE
P 1 SPRING

µ7
l 3 6 .

tf
€5
'

E t
④ 8 C- 2
€4 MEMBER /ELEMENT AND NOBEL JOINT IDENTIFICATION .

I ② ②
I ELEMENT FREE FROM LOAD
W ②
• .

1111111 .
HAVE A PRISMATIC CROSS SECTION
①
.

D . O - F ③ o
NODE 1 JOINT OF EACH ELEMENT ARE

u NLONSTRAINT
: b- ( BLUE ) LOCATED AT A SUPPORT ( FIXED JOINT )
OR AT A POINT ( ARTIFICIAL JOINT) WHERE
CONSTRAINT : 3. ( REDL
- EXTERNAL LOAD APPLIED
ARTIFICIAL JOINT - Cross SECTIONAL AREA SUDDENLY CHANGE
-
VERTICAL OR ROTATIONAL DISPLACEMENT
FIXED JOINT
AT A POINT TO BE DETERMINED .

① JOINT ① ELEMENT * ANTI CLOCKWISE 170 F . IS POSITIVE (t )

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ELEMENT STIFFNESS MATRIX (K ) Ny Fy

Ny Nz Fy ④ ⑤
-
Fz
W

÷÷H
KEI 6¥ 13¥ GET

(
Ny Nz Ez
④
-

④ ②
Nz
"
s.
. :*:*::*:: ::÷i: ;

Fz
-
12¥ .GE#.4EI.2Etg
,

APPLICATION OF STIFFNESS METHOD FOR BEAM ANALYSIS .

_f-fot

Hats :L:*:X
[Q ] -
-
[ K ][ D ] •
.
PARTITIONING

" a" :*:#

* .
m

GLOBAL SUM Of [QK ] = KNOWN FORCE

STIFFNESS ELEMENT
STIFFNESS [ Qu ] = UNKNOWN FORCE
MATRIX
MATRIX [ Du ] =
UNKNOWN DISPLACEMENT

[ Dk ] = KNOWN DISPLACEMENT

[ Kii KK Kai
, , ,
Kzz ] = PARTITION OF

GLOBAL STIFFNESS MATRIX .

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 ADDITIONAL LOAD IN STIFFNESS EQUATION DUE TO INTERMEDIATE LOAD [Do]

[Q] = [ KI [ DI t [ Qo ]
WL WL
i WCKNIM )
z E E

T p s
p p
⇐ Z
i i i i i
€4 USING FEM
( FIXED END MOMENT
G .

FIXED END ELEMENT

ACTUAL LOADING we WLZ
TO OBTAINED LOAD AT JOINT T2 LOADING OF JOINT Tz

tha ! ) =/.t÷÷÷) t.f.o.caolcse.no#seorexanr.s

"" "

1) UNKNOWN DISPLACEMENT , IDK )

/
.

( Qk ] =
( K ]CDu*]t[ kiz ][ Dk ]
"

OUTPUT FOR STIFFNESS METHOD ( Beam )

→ 2) UNKNOWN FORCES k), .

[ Quit ]=[ Ka ][ Du ] 1- [ Kzz ][ Dk ]

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 EXERCISE 1 ELEMENT 1 (L = 4M )

iii. in
:&
iii. ""
. U
-

K - .
1346¥ .tt#.eg
4M 1111111 4M ""
① 0.187551 0.37581 El D. BEI
② ,
, ,

3=611078750-4759%37,3%731
5 I

=CkKDItlaoI "
?
'

I:÷t.tl:1/Y...t+f::ls.m ,
am. -
an.

I
.

ELEMENT 2 ( L=4m )
=/ 011 =/ )
(Qk ] [ Du ] Di
O 2 5 I 6 2
Dz ""

:p
5

I
El 0.1875 0.375 -0.1875 0.375

y :p
"" '

easy %::÷:i :
'
.
0 5
Qs Gym .

Qa 0 6 I 2

JOIN THE DARKSIDE

(K] -
-
Elk ) :[ k ]t[ ,
Kz ]
I 2 3 4 5 6

I :/
El 2 0.5 0.375 0.5 O -
2375 I

1 O O 0.375 -

0.375 2

"""

Y .%
"

.
. :
am .

0.375 -

0.1875 5

0.1875 6

[a ] GLOBAL
' LOCAL
45 20kWh
46
-
-

K¥1.4:/
vtttt.lv
"" 26.67 I [Qo ] = 26.67 I

:
-26.67 2 0 4

I do s

WI WI 40 6
2. 2
JOIN THE DARKSIDE
 GD G- Dz

t.at.li:*:X
, 20kWh

:
y

¥":¥÷
i
1111111 11/11/11
① ② ③
3

60
I 2 4 5

:/ :/ :/! :/
)
l://.me
2 0.5 0.375 0.5 O -
2375 I Di 26.67

°
I O O 0.375 -

0.375 2 Dy -
26.67

" "" "

is :* .

Qs
.

0.375 -0.1875 5 0 40

Qa 0.1875 6 O 40

I
Caa ) ( 2×221211171-(2×4) (4×12+12×1)
[ Quit ] - [ ka ]lDu]t[ Ku ][ Dk ]t[as]
[ Qk ]=[ Kii ][Du*]t[ K ,z][ Dk ]+[a.)
2 UNKNOWN REACTION f FORCES
1 UNKNOWN DISP
8.6kW #
23=0.3751-22.862
.

= -

:c: : ::c:c:::S :* :c:*::n¥

:i3:c:p:* :p .. #
Qa
0.37-5638.121-40--34.3
=
0.3751-22.61 )t
-

JOIN THE DARKSIDE

-

kN #
STIFFNESS METHOD - FRAME
[Q ] = [ K ][ D ]

RECAP :

TRUSS BEAM FRAME COMPOSITES STRUCTURE

ZDOF zpof 3 POF DOF DEPENDS ON

•
X,
y
TRANSLATION .
Y TRANSLATION .
X,
y
TRANSLATION COMBINATION OF
BEAM 1 FRAME &
•
Z ROTATION .
Z ROTATION
Truss 1STRuT/RoD/ CABLE
✓ SPRING .

2 20kW I
Fy MEMBER (ELEMENT AND NOBEL JOINT IDENTIFICATION
q
.

② ⑤ §→F× IT HAVE THE SAME PRINHPLE WITH BEAM

¥
.

t.ms#:n::::::m::i:::
.

W FRAME MEMBER MAY

3
⑤ SUBJECTED To
°

Fz
3 LOAD CASES :

E
"

⑧ ⇐ Nx
M¥77
① Nz
JOIN THE DARKSIDE
 • COMBINING TOGETHER WITH DISPLACEMENT TRAN FORMATION MATRIX AND

FORCE TRAN FORMATION MATRIX TO FORM A GENERAL ELEMENT STIFFNESS MATRIX .

* 6×6 SYMMETRIC MATRIX

AE 1261
GEZI loft ZEIL
-

7- ATTRIBUTES OF MATRIX ; Cx Cy
q
i , ,
q
,
, ,

Nx Ny Nz Fx Fy Fz

Nx

Ny

Nz

Fx

Fy

Fz

JOIN THE DARKSIDE

 APPLICATION OF STIFFNESS METHOD FOR FRAME ANALYSIS .

_f-fot

Hats :L:*:X
[Q ] =
[ K ][ D ] •
.
PARTITIONING

" a" :*:*

* .
m .

GLOBAL SUM OF [QK ] = KNOWN FORCE

STIFFNESS ELEMENT
STIFFNESS [ Qu ] = UNKNOWN FORCE
MATRIX
MATRIX [ Du ] =
UNKNOWN DISPLACEMENT

[ Dk ] = KNOWN DISPLACEMENT
ADDITIONAL LOAD IN STIFFNESS EQUATION
[ Kii Kiz Kei
, , ,
Kzz ] = PARTITION OF

DUE TO INTERMEDIATE LOAD [Do] GLOBAL STIFFNESS MATRIX .

[Q ] -
-
[ K ][ D) 1- [ Qo ]
WI WL
i WCKNIM )
z z T

T p s
p p
⇐ Z
i i i i i
€4 USING FEM
( FIXED END MOMENT
G . -

D
ACTUAL LOADING WI FIXED END ELEMENT WLZ
TO OBTAINED LOAD AT JOINT 12 LOADING OF JOINT Tz

l : :L :
""
..
¥÷ .

GLOBAL
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 1) UNKNOWN DISPLACEMENT , IDK )
I
.

[ Qk ] =
[ Kii ][Du* ] + [ Kiz ][ Dk ]
Output FOR STIFFNESS METHOD ( FRAME ) → 2) UNKNOWN FORCES k) , .

[ Quit ] [ Ka ] [ Du ] t [ Kzz ][ Dk ]
↳ =

3) INTERNAL MEMBER FORCE

Ck ] [ TIED ]
'

[q ] =
t [ go ]

SUMMARY

•
THE UNKNOWN FOR STIFFNESS METHOD IS DISPLACEMENT ( UN CONSTRAINT D. D.
.
F )
•
BEAM HAVING TOTAL OF 2 D. 0 .
F (TRANSLATION IN Y AND ROTATION IN Z ) AND
FRAME HAVING TOTAL OF 3 D. 0 .
F (TRANSLATION IN X. TRANSLATION IN Y AND ROTATION IN Z ) .

•
GENERAL ELEMENT STIFFNESS MATRIX FOR BEAM IS 4X4 MATRIX ( 1254,6¥
L L
LEI
L
,
,
2ft )
AND FOR FRAME IS 6×6 MATRIX
@ x. Cy ,

E 1231,6¥ It 24 )
, . ,

• OUTPUT FOR BEAN AND FRAME ARE UNKNOWN DISPLACEMENT ID . O . F [ Du ] ,

UNKNOWN FORCES / REACTION [ Qu ] AND INTERNAL MEMBER FORCES [of ] (FOR AXIAL IN FRAME )

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STIFFNESS METHOD - COMPOSITES STRUCTURE

[Q ] = [ K ][ D ]

COMPOSITES STRUCTURE

DOF DEPENDS ON
COMBINATION OF
BEAM 1 FRAME &
Truss ISTRUTIRODI CABLE
1 SPRING .

J
BEAM L

Truss ISTRUTICABLEIROD
ZDOF

•
Y TRANSLATION 2170 F
-
Z ROTATION .
X,
y
TRANSLATION

FRAME
SPRING( BAR
3 POF
1 DOF
X, TRANSLATION
y
TRANSLATION
°

•
X OR y
•
Z ROTATION

JOIN THE DARKSIDE

 ELEMENT STIFFNESS MATRIX (K )
Truss ISTRUTICABLEIROD
BEAN
Nx Ny Fx Fy
Ny Nz Fy

Is :÷÷÷÷÷:L
Fz ""
⇐
:c
Ny x Nx

I "÷÷÷÷÷÷l
fy
3¥ 6¥ 12¥ GET
'
w,
[k]=
-

. .
¥ :
FY
Sym .
Fy
Fz

µfy

FRAME ④
> Fx
Ny
•

Nx Ny Nz Fx Fy FZ
A /
Nx
①
•
> Nx
Ny ④
Nz

Fx SPRING( BAR
Fy .

Nx Fx
Fz
[ KI
AIL!
Nx
f)
= -

, Fx
Ny Fb

⑧ Nt
Fx⑤
[ ,
C ,
⑧
>
Nx ⑤
> Fx
1
Nz z
Fz l
Z
l

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 APPLICATION OF STIFFNESS METHOD FOR COMP . ANALYSIS .

sina.i.im#ni:...E:t.i::t::.ll
[Q ] =
[ K ][ D ] •
.
PARTITIONING

GLOBAL SUM OF [QK ] = KNOWN FORCE

STIFFNESS ELEMENT
STIFFNESS [ Qu ] = UNKNOWN FORCE
MATRIX
MATRIX [ Du ] =
UNKNOWN DISPLACEMENT

[ Dk ] = KNOWN DISPLACEMENT
ADDITIONAL LOAD IN STIFFNESS EQUATION
[ Kii Kiz Kei
, , ,
Kzz ] = PARTITION OF

DUE TO INTERMEDIATE LOAD [Do] GLOBAL STIFFNESS MATRIX .

[Q ] -
-
[ K ][ D) 1- [ Qo ]
WL WL
i WCKNIM )
z E E

T p s
p p
⇐ Z
i i i i i
€4 USING FEM
( FIXED END MOMENT
G . -

D
ACTUAL LOADING WI FIXED END ELEMENT WLZ
TO OBTAINED LOAD AT JOINT 12 LOADING OF JOINT Tz

l : :L :
""
..
¥÷ .

GLOBAL
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 1) UNKNOWN DISPLACEMENT , IDK )
I
.

[ Qk ]=[ Kii ][Du*]t[ Kiz ][ Dk ]

Output FOR STIFFNESS METHOD ( Comm → 2) UNKNOWN FORCES k) , .

[ Quit ]=[ Ka ][ Du ]t[ Kzz ][ Dk ]

EXERCISE

20kW SOLUTION :

c
5 I 20kW 3
A B 15kWh n
n

I
4 I 6 F
02
F
f
④i%m
% -
.

3M 5 I r 2 C
E A p
11114
4 84 But
3

D E
y 11114
AN
1111111
N
D £
11/1/11

Am 4M
KNMZ 4M 4M
Et BEAM
= 12000
EAST Rut 2000 kN B

=/ 11%7=1%14%7--1016
Di
=

D
Mk ] 4)

( }
y l
Ag
kspmnb = 200kW 'm -

o
° 3 0 7
Qp Dz
[A ]=[ K ][ D ] t [ Qo ] 19 4
8
.
174 -
O -

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 ELEMENT STIFFNESS MATRIX (K)

5 6 I 2 -
I 2 3 4 ,
- ,

[ KNEW ]
,
= 22504500 -
22504500 5 [ KAGAN ]z= 22504500 -
22504506 I

12000 12000 45006000 2

45006000 6
-

LBEAnt-4MKEtq.co#.4qEi24Il
-

( BEAM ⇐ 4M
2250-45001 2250-4%03
Sym . Sym .

120002 120004
-
-
-
-

-
l l 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

3=1200-200)
[ Kspriwb ]
-

[ K ]=
-

4700 O
-

2250 4900-2250-4500 O O l

-
Zoo 200 24008 -

4500 60004500 6000 O O

I z

2916.67 -4500 O O O -
666.67 3
7- 8 -
3
-
-

O O O
[ KSTRNT] = O O O O F 12000 O 4
4
Cx =D 666.670-666.678 Gym .
22504500 O O
g
Cy =
I O O -

12000 O O 6
( strut -
3M 666.67 3
- -
O O 7

666.67
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- -

g
 20kW - -

µ]

%:L :
[go] lo i

[Do ] § t
¥
. is .
.

is 102
AM

0 :: :
'
se :# ¥&
:*:L .li:*:X:¥l÷:L
8 . . 0 5
4ns
m m
. . s
[A ] - CK ][ D ] t [ Qo ] - O -
8

I 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 -
- . . . .
. -

O 4700 O D 10
-

2250 4500-2250-4500 O O l ,

D 24006 4500 60004500 6000 O O Dq 10

-

O 2916.67 -4500 O O O 666.67 Th 10

-
3

15 =
O O O 174 10
ftp.oo O 4 f
-

Qs 22504500 O O E O D

Qb O
12000 O O G O

Q7 O O 7 O O

Qs 666.67 O O
g
- -
- -
- - -
-

.lt.tl.÷l÷÷÷::¥÷÷
D, -1.15

it
I UNKNOWN 17.0 F .
O 4700 O -

22504500 D ,

D O 24008 -4500 6000 Dq By

15 :*:c:÷:÷:* tooo Dc, 3.55×10-3 m #

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2 UNKNOWN FORCES ,
Qu .

QE = -
22501-1.15×10
-

2) 1- (450021-3.62×10-3) = 9.59 kN #

Qb = -
45001 -

1.15×10-71-16000 ) ( 3.62×10-3 ) -
=
30kW m #

Qt = -
666.67/-1.24×10-22 = 8.27 kN ft

Qs = O KN

FORCE AT SPRING : ( 20026-1.15×10-3 =

2 3kW.
#

20kW
°
A B 15kW m

[
,
30kWh /
a
3M
"

E
n
9.59kW
O ID -
2.3kW

8.27kW

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