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Lesson 11 - Self-Efficacy

This document discusses self-efficacy theory and goal setting. It covers Albert Bandura's work on self-efficacy and how beliefs about one's capabilities influence behavior. Carol Dweck's growth and fixed mindset theory is also discussed. The document then covers Edwin Locke's goal setting theory and 14 findings about how goal setting influences performance. It outlines Locke's 4 principles for effective goal setting: clarity, challenge, commitment, and feedback.

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Yeonjin C. Choi
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108 views44 pages

Lesson 11 - Self-Efficacy

This document discusses self-efficacy theory and goal setting. It covers Albert Bandura's work on self-efficacy and how beliefs about one's capabilities influence behavior. Carol Dweck's growth and fixed mindset theory is also discussed. The document then covers Edwin Locke's goal setting theory and 14 findings about how goal setting influences performance. It outlines Locke's 4 principles for effective goal setting: clarity, challenge, commitment, and feedback.

Uploaded by

Yeonjin C. Choi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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LESSON 11:

SELF-EFFICACY
AND

GOAL SETTING
Who will you become? After 5 years? 10
years? 20 years?
At the end of this lesson, you will be able to:

Content Content Content


2. Differentiate growth 3. Design personal
1. Use Bandura’s self – and fixed mindset by goals adapting Locke’s
efficacy theory for self Dweck goal setting theory.
- assessment

“Nothing is more
tragic than a
confused person
who does not know
who he or she is
and functions
beneath his or her
potentials.”
(Corpuz et al.
2019)
The concept of self-
efficacy was introduced
ALBERT
BANDURA by Albert Bandura in an
article entitled "Self-
efficacy: Toward a
Unifying Theory of
Behavioral Change"
published in
Psychological Review in
1977.
Bobo Doll
Experiment
Social Learning Theory
focuses on what people learn
from observing and
interacting with people.
Albert Bandura’s social
cognitive theory states
that people are active
participants in their
environment and are not
simply shaped by that
environment.
Xuite

What is self-
efficacy?
Bandura defined self –
efficacy as “people’s belief
about their capabilities to
produce designated levels of
performance that exercise
influence over events that
affect their lives.”
Self – Efficacy is the way
a person perceives his
own abilities and
competence in dealing
with a problem or
challenge.

The theory of self –


efficacy was based on
the principle assumption
that “psychological
procedures, whatever
their form, serve as a
means of creating and
strengthening
expectations of personal
efficacy.” (Weibell 2011)
HIGH SELF-
EFFICACY

ACTS OF PEOPLE
WITH HIGH
ASSURANCE OF THEIR
CAPABILITIES:
1. APPROACH DIFFICULT TASKS AS CHALLENGES
TO BE MASTERED.
2. SET CHALLENGES GOALS AND MAINTAIN
STRONG COMMITMENTS TO THEM
3. HEIGHTEN OR SUSTAIN THEIR EFFORTS IN THE
FACE OF FAILURES OR SETBACKS
4. ATTRIBUTE FAILURE TO INSUFFICIENT EFFORT
OR DEFICIENT KNOWLEDGE AND SKILLS WHICH
ARE ACQUIRABLE
5. APPROACH THREATENING SITUATIONS WITH
ASSURANCE THAT THEY CAN EXERCISE
CONTROL OVER THEM.
In contrast, people who "doubt their
capabilities":

1. Shy away from tasks they view as


personal threats;
2. Have low aspirations and weak
commitment to goals they choose to
pursue;
3. Dwell on personal deficiencies;
4. Slow to recover from setbacks and
failures:
5. Easily succumbs to stress and depression.
How is SELF-
EFFICACY Developed?

ACTUAL PERFORMANCE OBSERVATIONAL VERBAL PERSUASION PSYCHOLOGICAL CUES


LEARNING
Carol S. Dweck's Fixed and
Growth Mindset Theory

She is the author of


Mindset: The New
Psychology of
Success.
CAROL S. DWECK She differentiates two types
mindset

Fixed mindset Growth mindset


People who believe that People who believe that
success is based on their innate success is based on hardwork,
learning, training and
abilities. perseverance.
Dr. Dweck argues that the
growth mindset will allow a
person to live a less
stressful and more
successful life (Upclosed
2017).
Edwin A. Locke
He is an internationally known
psychologist and author known
for his research on goal setting.
What is a goal?
it is something that we want
enough that we make an
effort to reach it.
WHY?

14 Research Findings
made by Locke (2017)
under the article
"Motivation Through
Conscious Goal Setting"
1. The more the difficult
the goal, the greater
the achievement.
2.The more specific or
explicit the goal, the more
precisely performance is
regulated.
3. Goals that are
both specific and
difficult lead to the
highest
performance.
4. Commitment to
goals is most critical
when goals are
specific and difficult.
5. High commitment
to goals is attained
when the individual is
convinced that the
goal is important and
attainable.
6. Self-efficacy influences
the difficulty level of the
goal chosen or accepted;
commitment to goals; the
response to negative
feedback or failure; and the
choice of task strategies.
7. Goal setting is most
effective when there is
feedback that shows
progress in relation to
the goal.
8. Goal setting (along with
self-efficacy) mediates the
effect of knowledge of
past performance on
subsequent performance.
9. Goal affects
performance by
affecting the
direction of action,
the degree of effort
exerted, and the
persistence of action
over time.
10. Goals stimulate
planning in
general.
11. When people strive for goals
on complex tasks, they are least
effective in discovering suitable
task strategies if:
a. they have no prior experience
or training on the task;
b. there is high pressure to
perform well; and
c. there is high time pressure (to
perform immediately).
12. Goals (including goal
commitment), in
combination with self-
efficacy, mediate or
partially mediate the
effects of several
personality traits and
incentives on performance.
13. Goal-setting and goal-
related mechanisms can be
trained and/or adopted in
the absence of training for
the purpose of self-
regulation.
14. Goals serve as
standards of self-
satisfaction, with harder
goals demanding higher
accomplishment in order to
attain self-satisfaction that
easy goals.
1 CLARITY

2 CHALLENGE
GOAL
3 COMMITMENT
SETTING
4 FEEDBACK
Locke's goal TASK
setting principles 5
PERFORMANCE

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