“Sampling Procedure and the research design of the computation of an

Sample” study. acceptable sample size.

The common formula is
Population and Sample Approaches in Identifying
Slovin’s Formula.
the Sample Size:
Population
- totality of all the objects,
elements, persons, and 1. Heuristics
characteristics under - This approach refers to
consideration. the rule of the thumb for
Two types of population: sample size. The early
established approach by
⪢ Target population Gay (1976) stated by
4. Power Analysis
Cristobal and Dela
- The actual population. - Two principles you need
CruzCristobal (2017, p
Example: All Senior High to consider if you are
172), sample sizes for
School Students enrolled going to use this
different research designs
in Science, Technology, approach: 1. Statistical
are the following:
Engineering, and power
Mathematics (STEM) in
- The probability of
the Division of Cagayan de
rejecting the null
Oro City. - Lunenberg and Irby hypothesis. It suggests
(2008), as cited by Barrot that indeed there is a
⪢ Accessible population
(2017, p 107), also relationship between the
- is the portion of the suggested different independent and
population in which the sample sizes for each dependent variables of the
researcher has reasonable quantitative research research study. The ideal
access, Example: All Senior design. statistical power of a
High School enrolled, research study is 80%. 2. Effect
STEM strand at Marayon size
Science High School – X.
2. Literature Review - The level of difference
Sampling - Another approach is by between the experimental
reading similar or related group and the control
- pertains to the systematic group. It suggests the
process of selecting the literature and studies to
your current research extent of the relationship
group to be analyzed in between these two
the research study. study.
- Since you are done writing variables.
- A good sample should
have characteristics of the your review of related “Probability Sampling in
represented population – literature and studies, you Quantitative Research”
characteristics that are might want to recall how
these studies determine Simple Random Sampling
within the scope of the
study with fair accuracy. sample size.
- It is a way of choosing
- Generally, the larger the - Using this approach
individuals in which all
sample, the more reliable increases the validity of
members of the accessible
the sample be, but still, it your sampling procedure.
population are given an
will depend on the scope 3. Formulas
equal chance to be
and delimitation and - Formulas are also being selected.
established for the
- There are various ways of roulette wheel, or use of
obtaining samples through the table of random
simple random sampling. numbers.
These are fish bowl technique,

Stratified Random Sampling Cluster Sampling

- The same with simple - This procedure is usually random

sampling, applied in large -scale stratified random studies,
geographical sampling also gives an spread out of the equal chance to Systematic Sampling
all population is a challenge, members of the and gathering
information population to be chosen. will be very time - However, - This procedure is as simple
the population consuming. as selecting samples every
is first divided into strata - Similar to stratified or groups nth (example every 2nd,
before selecting random sampling, cluster the samples. The samples 5th) of the chosen
sampling also involves are chosen from these grouping of the population until arriving at
subgroups and not directly population according to from the entire a desired total number of
subgroups or clusters. population. This - It is a method sample size. Therefore the
where procedure is best used multiple clusters of people when selection is based on a
the variables of the from the chosen study are also grouped predetermined interval.
population will be created into classes such as by the researcher Dividing the population size
in order gender and grade level. to have homogenous by the sample size, the
characteristics. interval will be obtained.
You can simply follow the - For example, a researcher steps from - For example, from a total
population of 75, you have
this given example: would like to interview of
25 samples; using
• A population of 600 Junior all public senior high High School students systematic sampling, you
school students across includes 180 Grade 7, 160 Mindanao. will decide to select every
As a researcher Grade 8, 150 Grade 9, and cluster will be selected to 3rd person on the list of
110 Grade 10. If the satisfy the plan size. In the computed individuals.
sample size is given example, the first 240, the following - …
cluster can be by region, proportionate sampling the second
cluster can be will be as follows. by division, and the third
• The number of members cluster can be by district. per subgroup is
Another way of doing cluster sampling is
divided by the total accessible
sample size. The illustrated on the figure on percentage result of the
right side.
members per subgroup will be
multiplied from the computed total
sample size. After obtaining the
sample size per strata,
then simple random sampling will
be done for
the selection of samples from each group.