DEDAN KIMATHI UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY

University Examinations 2015/2016

THIRD YEAR FIRST SEMESTER SUPPLEMENTARY/SPECIAL EXAMINATION FOR THE

DEGREE OF

BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY/LEATHER TECHNOLOGY

SMA 2103 STA 2100 PROBABILITY AND STATISTICS I

DATE: 16TH MARCH 2016 TIME: 11.00AM-1.00PM

Instructions:

1. Answer QUESTION ONE and any other TWO QUESTIONS.

2. Show clearly your work and the number of questions attempted.

QUESTION ONE (30 MARKS) COMPULSORY

a) Explain the meaning the following terms as used in statistics giving an example in each case
i. Population (2 mark)
ii. Sample (2 mark)
iii. Variable (2 mark)
b) The table below shows the probability distribution of a random X.

x 0 1 2 3

C C2 C2 +C

Calculate;
i. C (1mark)
ii. E(x) (2 marks)
iii. Var(x) ( 3 marks)

c) The frequency distribution given below shows the daily wages of workers in a farm.

Wages (kshs) 50-69 70-89 90-109 110-129 130-149 150-169 170-189

No of workers 40 80 120 200 60 70 30

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 Compute;
i. The mean wage (3 marks)
ii. The median wage (4 marks)
iii. The standard deviation (5 marks)
d) Three people in an office decide to enter a marathon race. The respective probabilities that they
will complete the marathon are 0.9, 0.7 and 0.6. Assuming the performances are independent,
find the probability that;
i). They all complete the marathon (2 marks)
ii). At least two complete the marathon. (4 marks)

QUSTION TWO (20 MARKS)

a) Define the following terms

I. The rth moment about the origin. (1 mark)
II. Skewness of a distribution (1 mark)
III. Kurtosis of a distribution (1 mark)
b) Let be a set of data and and be the rth moment about the origin and about a
constant k respectively. show that (4 marks)
c) The table below shows the marks obtained by students in a test.

marks 12 14 16 18 20 22

No of 1 4 6 10 7 2
students

By taking moments about 18 investigate skewness and peakedness of the distribution.

(13 marks)
QUESTION THREE (20 MARKS)
a) Define the following terms.
i. Possibility space (1 marks)
ii. Complementary events (1 marks)
iii. Exhaustive events (1 marks)
iv. Independent events (1 marks)
b) The yield of a particular crop on a farm is thought to depend principally on the amount of rainfall
in the growing season. The values of the yield y in tones per acre and the rainfall x in seven
successive years are given in the table below.

x 12.3 13.7 14.5 11.2 13.2 14.1 12.0

y 6.25 8.02 8.42 5.27 7.21 8.71 5.68

i. Find the product moment correlation coefficient between x and y.

(6
marks)

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 ii. The coefficient of determination and interpret it (3 marks)
iii. Find the equation of least squares regression line of y on x
(5
marks)
iv. Given that the rainfall in the growing season was 14.0, estimate the yield in that
year. (2 marks)

QUESTION FOUR (20 MARKS)

a) A group of 50 people were asked which of three newspapers A, B or C they read. the results
showed that 25 read A, 16 read B, 14 read C, 5 read both A and B, 4 read both B and C, 6 read
both C and A and 2 read all the three.
Represent the information on a Venn diagram. (1 mark)
Find the probability that a person selected at random from the group reads;
i. At least one of the papers (2 marks)
ii. Only one of the papers (2 marks)
iii. Only B (2 mark )
b) Explain any three data collection methods (9 marks)
c) Show that (4 marks)

QUESTION FIVE (20 MARKS)

a) State Baye’s theorem. (2 marks)

b) Customers are used to evaluate preliminary product designs. In the past, 95% of highly
successful products received good reviews, 60% of moderately successful products
received good reviews, and 10% of poor products received good reviews. In addition,
40% of products have been highly successful, 35% have been moderately successful, and
25% have been poor products.
i. What is the probability that a product attains a good review? (3 marks)

ii. If a new design attains a good review, what is the probability that it will be a highly
successful product? (3 marks)

iii. If a product does not attain a good review, what is the probability that it will be a
highly successful product? (2 marks)

c) A doctor asked 10 of his patients who were smokers how many years they had smoked. In
addition for each patient, he gave a grade between 0-100 indicating the extent of their lung
damage. The following table shows the results.

patient A B C D E F G H I J

No of years 15 22 25 28 31 33 36 39 42 45

Lung damage 30 50 55 30 57 35 60 72 70 75
grade

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 Calculate Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient between the number of years of smoking and
the extent of lung damage. Comment on the figure you obtain. (6 marks)

d) Differentiate between
i). Descriptive statistics and inferential statistics (2 marks)
ii). Qualitative variable and quantitative variable. (2 marks)

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