Developing an Online Reservation System at Tres Marias Events Place and Resort with

Email and SMS Notification

Capstone Project and Research 1

Bachelor of Science in Information System

Caay, Ruvil G.

Gatmaitan, John Albert

Lipana, Rodcel L.

Lopez, Cheska Ann S.

Richwell Colleges, Incorporated

September 2022
 In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Bachelor of Science in Information
System, this Capstone Project entitled “Developing an Online Reservation System at Tres Marias
Events Place and Resort with Email and SMS Notification’’ has been prepared and submitted by
Ruvil Caay, John Albert Gatmaitan, Rodcel Lipana, and Cheska Ann Lopez, who is hereby
recommended for oral examination.

_______________________________________
Mr. Jonelle Angelo Cenita, MSIT
Adviser

September 2022

Approved in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Degree of Bachelor of Science in
Information System

___________________________________
Chairman

_______________________________ __________________________________

Member Member

Accepted and approved as a partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of Bachelor of
Science in Information System

_______________________
Dr. Luzviminda F. Tantoco
Vice President for Academic Affairs
 Table of Contents

Page
List of Tables …….………………….……………………………….. 0
List of Figures ………………….……………………………………. 0
List of Appendices …………………………………………………… 0

Chapter 1: The Problem and Its Background

Introduction (TIOC)…………………………………......................... 0
Theoretical/Conceptual Framework ………………….. 0
Statement of the Problem……………………………………………… 0
Definition of Terms…………………………………………………… 0
Significance of the Study……………………………………………… 0
Scope and Delimitation of the Study………………………………….. 0

Chapter 2: Methodology of the Study

Research Methodology………………………………………… 0
Population and Sample of the Study……………………………………… 0
Research Instrument ………………………………………… 0
Data Gathering Procedure……………………………………………… 0
Data Processing and Statistical Treatment…………………………….. 0
Software Methodology ………………………………………… 0

References………………………………………………………………………… 0

Appendices………………………………………………………………………... 0
 List of Tables

Page

1. Respondents of the Study ……………………………………….................. 30

List of Figures

Page

1. Conceptual Model of the Study 5

……………………………………………..

List of Appendices

Page

A Permission Letter to the Adviser …………….……… 95

B Permission Letter to the Client ………………… 96
C Instruments of the Study ………………. 97
D Existing Forms ……………………………… 98
E Permission Letter to the Respondents …………….……… 99
 CHAPTER 1

Problem and Its Background

This chapter includes the introduction, theoretical and conceptual framework, statement of the

problem, significance of the study, definition of terms used and scope and delimitation.

Introduction

The online reservation system has always been beneficial, but it has become an especially

powerful tool in the wake of COVID-19. Not only does the reservation system help resorts/hotels better

manage the flow of guests, but it can also play a role in protecting public health. Fortunately, the online

reservation system can help to make that planning a whole lot easier for both customers and guests.

  The Online Reservation System not only gives you a way to control the flow of guests in your

resort/hotel, but it also provides an easy way to keep an eye on capacity. Castro & Custodio (2015) state

that an online reservation system has become a popular means for reserving a place. An online

reservation system enables managers to manage the reservation process without manual effort. 

Moreover, the online reservation system also improves the efficiency of the reservation process

compared to booking via email or by phone. The online reservation system also provides a direct way to

monitor revenue management (Hu & Gu, 2013). In addition, by booking a place or a room through an

online reservation system, customers are assured of the availability of a room upon arrival at the place

during their trip. 

Cerafica (2015) stated that in today’s growing market many resort businesses are turning toward

reservation systems to perform their everyday tasks. Online Reservation has important effects on

business operations. No matter the size of your enterprise, in business it is a growing necessity. As the

years go by, the business world is leaning more and more toward it. The role of technology in business

caused growth in trade and commerce.

 According to Oribiana(2015). There is a certain problem in which they manage their

reservations, using log books, planners, guest books, and other forms in generating reports and gathering

information about their customers.The main problem they encounter using the manual reservation

system is that they can’t easily monitor what date or time is available.

The current reservation system is done by filling up a registration form provided by the resort

wherein the client has to indicate some personal information and data about the reservation, which

seems redundant and inappropriate.Using their manual reservation system relies heavily on the actions

of people, which increases the possibility of human error. Even transferring and sorting data/ records is

done manually, which leads to inaccurate data. Because it is a manual system they only kept the records

in a ledger or papers. It takes longer to find old records because they aren’t just retrieving them from a

database, and they are also inflammable.

The objective of this study is to develop and implement a client record so that the flow of

bookings will become easy. Specifically, the study aims to keep track of the reservation and check the

availability of the rooms, and also create a system that will help the client to improve the proper way of

the reservation to lessen the problems with their low guest occupancy by enhancing their online

reservation system and organizing the reservation to minimize the time consuming during reservation.

The contribution of this system to the Online Reservations System is as per the following

benefits of the system study that provides: Customers can get information or data such as inn location,

room rates, promotion, room description, photo display, and other facilities from the website. Employees

deal with the subtleties of clients and keep records of customers. And employees give falsified valuing

information to clients from time to time. Admin is to gain access to the system, system observing done

by the head and administrator is endorsing, approving, and deleting the inquiries.
Theoretical/Conceptual Framework 

Figure 1: Agile Model

This study is theoretically anchored on the agile model. Agile was first discussed in depth in the

1970s by William Royce who published a paper on the development of large software systems. Agile

methods have become popular in software development as they offer ways to adapt to constant change

during development. Agile methods have begun to be employed on non-software systems.

Agile methods have become popular in software development as they offer ways to adapt

to constant change during development. Agile methods have begun to be employed on non-software

systems .The methods used for development on any type of system should be derived from established

theories to ensure the methods enable success in development.

Agile is based on the adaptive software development methods, whereas the traditional SDLC

models like the waterfall model are based on a predictive approach. Predictive teams in the traditional

SDLC models usually work with detailed planning and have a complete forecast of the exact tasks and

features to be delivered in the next few months or during the product life cycle.
 Figure 2: IPO Model

Figure 2 shows the conceptual model of the Online Reservation System.

The input phase of the model includes all the necessary information and resources needed  to

develop the system; it is divided into three parts. The users, software requirements and hardware. The

user of this Online Reservation System will be applicable to the admin, employees, and customers.

However we will be using the web-based platform and PHP as a software requirement in this system.

Laptop and printer is the applicable hardware that will be used in utilizing this Online Reservation

System.

Plan- The sprint begins with a sprint planning meeting, where team members come together to

lay out components for the upcoming round of work. The product manager prioritizes work from a

backlog of tasks to assign the team.

Design-and develop the product in accordance with the approved guidelines.

 Test.-Complete thorough testing and documentation of results before delivery

Release- Present the working product or software to stakeholders and customers.

Feedback- Solicit feedback from the customer and stakeholders and gather information

to incorporate into the next sprint.

The output frame is the Web based “Online Reservation System” in the Reservation System

Procedure in Place,, which aims to contribute and provide a useful and efficient way of a fast reservation

for the Place. The acceptability of the system will be checked using ISO 25010:2011. ISO 25010:2011

has eight standards, namely functional sustainability, performance efficiency, compatibility, availability,

reliability, safety, maintainability, and portability.

Statement of the Problem

The main objective of this study is to lighten the work of the employees and to make the

transactions of the customers a lot easier when it comes to booking an online reservation and to be much

more organized when it comes to filling. Specifically, this study aims to answer the following questions.

1.What is the present status of the technology that the Tres Marias Event place and resort?

 How does the client apply for a Reservation?

 How do the receptionists and customer check for availability of rooms and event places?

 How do the receptionists notify the customer?

 How does the owner/manager produce a report?

2.What are the significant features of the Online Reservation System?

 To create a portal for the customer to apply for a room, and event reservation.

 To create Online checking of rooms, events places, and pools availability of the receptionist

and customer.
  To create an online reservation system with Email and SMS notifications so that the

receptionists can process and notify customers easily.

 To create a portal so that the management will easily generate a monthly report.

3.Which SDLC Model should be used to create an Online Reservation System?

4.Based on ISO 25010:2011 criterion, how acceptable is online reservation:

 Functionality

 Performance Efficiency

 Compatibility

 Availability

 Reliability

 Safety

 Maintainability

 Portability

Definition of Terms

The key word that has been used in this study will be defined as follows just for general

understanding:

Admin - The person in charge of controlling all client personal transactions as well as reservation

booking sales and other services.

Booking - It refers to making reservations for event places and room accommodation in advance.

Client - It refers to a person or organization that makes purchases from another business for its services.

Develop - It refers to invention, innovation, and creating a new idea and technology.

Employee - It refers to all of the employees at the private resort.

Online platform - A digital service that makes use of the Internet to make connections between two or

more distinct but connected users.

Receptionist -  An employee taking an office or administrative support position is responsible for

assisting and guiding the customers.

Reservation - It refers to booking a particular place and a particular room for a customer and a guest

for the duration of time.

System - an assemblage or combination of things or parts forming a complex, unitary whole.

Significance of the Study

The result of this study will help the client to improve their low guest occupancy and help the

staff so that the flow of bookings will become easier.

 The following may benefit on the result of the study.

 Admin -Admin is to gain access to the system. System observing is done by the head, and the

administrator is endorsing, approving, and deleting the enquiries.

 Employees-Employees deal with the subtleties of clients and keep  records of customers. And

employees give falsified valuing information to clients from time to time.  

  Customers-customer can get the  information or data such as  inn location, room rates,

promotion, room description, photo display and other facilities from the website.

 Future Researcher- The data from this study will help future researchers to gain knowledge

about the given topic, this will lead as their reference for their future researchers about Online

Reservation System.
Scope and Delimitation of the Study

The scope of this study is to reserve and book customers' event places and room

accommodations. Its purpose is to keep track of the reservations and confirm the availability of the event

venue and rooms. Because of its web-based design and accessibility from any location at any time, this

system will also benefit customers by saving time and energy. The system will notify the user and admin

by using SMS and email services to ensure the confirmation of the users for the transaction and also the

system can store it in the database to improve the quality and consistency of information.

The system, however, is limited when it comes to the mode of payment which is through gcash

or cash upon arrival only. Also, the system is limited to a reservation and excludes other management

issues. You could only reserve if you have access to the internet or mobile data.
 CHAPTER II

Methodology
This chapter presents the research process and methodology used in conducting the study.   It

includes research methods, population and sample of the study, research instruments and data gathering.

Furthermore, this chapter also contains the statistical treatment used in developing the software.

Research Methodology

In conducting this research, quantitative research is applied. Aliaga and Gunderson (2002) have

described the quantitative research methods very well. According to them “Quantitative research is an

inquiry into a social problem, explaining phenomena by gathering numerical data that are analyzed

using mathematically based methods e.g. in particular statistics”. According to the Creswell (2003)

researcher primarily uses post-positivist approach to develop knowledge when quantitative research is

selected (i.e cause and effect thinking, use of measurement and observations, and test of theories),

employs strategies of inquiry such as experiments and surveys, and collects data on predetermined

instruments that yield statistical data.

The researchers utilized descriptive research design in the conduct of the study. According to

McCombes (2022) descriptive research aims to accurately and systematically describe a population,

situation or phenomenon. It can answer what, where, when and how questions, but not why questions. A

descriptive research design can use a wide variety of research methods to investigate one or more

variables. Nassaji (2015) also states that the goal of descriptive research is drawing and classifying the

phenomenon. In addition William (2011) defines that descriptive research relates to an observation in

collecting the data. 

Population and Sample of the Study

The respondent of the study is the Tres Marias Events Place and Resort located at Bustos,

Bulacan is the researcher’s internal end-user, and the IT Experts are from Plaridel, Bulacan, and lastly,

our external end-user are from 3 different resorts in Bulacan.

Respondents Frequency Percentage

IT Experts 10 25%

IT Faculty 5 12.5

IT Industry 3 7.5

Programmer 2 5

Internal End-User 10 25%

Owner 1 2.5

Receptionist 2 5

Customer 7 17.5

External End-User 20 50%

Owner 3 7.5

Receptionist 6 15

Customer 11 27.5

The researchers selected 40 participants in our study. The IT Expert with 25% respondents rate

that consisted of 5 IT faculty members, 3 in IT industry, and 2 programmers. Their knowledge in the

field of information technology could contribute to the betterment of the study. In addition, Internal

End-Users with 25% respondents rate  such as 1 owner, 2 receptionists, and 7 customers at Tres Marias
 Private Events Place and Resort are the users of the system. Furthermore, the majority of the

respondents is the External End-User with 50%  respondents rate that consisted of 3 Owner, 6

receptionist, and 11 customers. These are the potential users of the system participants in different

resorts.

The researcher will use purposive non-probability sampling for choosing IT Experts, and in

choosing the respondents in Internal and External end-users, the researcher choose convenience non-

probability sampling.

Research Instrument

The System and Software quality models, or ISO/IEC 25010:2011, which were formerly known

as ISO/IEC 9126-1:2011, were used to create the study's instruments. This quality model's eight

characteristics are further divided into sub-characteristics. A five-point likert scale and an ISO/IEC

25010:2011 Standardized instrument were used to evaluate the acceptability of the system. The

questionnaires are validated by the ISO/IE JTC I/SC 7, or technical committee for software and system

engineering.

Data Gathering Procedure

The researchers will ask for the approval of the client for permission to gather data from Tres

Marias Events Place and Resort. The letter of consent was also given to the client and customers by the

researchers, assuring them that the information of the respondents, including name, age, and gender,

remained confidential. Once the permission was approved and the letter of consent of the participants

was signed, the researchers administered the questionnaires to the respondents. The researchers

explained the questionnaire to the respondents to ensure a better understanding of the said topic.
Data Processing and Statistical Treatment

Google sheet would be used to systemize the collected data. The likert scale is used by

respondents to rate their responses. In order to weigh the findings, the researcher obtained the weighted

mean. The researcher will use a descriptive study design to examine and interpret the findings.

Software Methodology

Planning Phase

The researcher will use interviews, records view, and observation as the data gathering

techniques. All data that will be gathered will be consulted and planned with IT Experts and Internal

End Users. The conceptualized requirements are used to create the Gantt chart.

Figure 3: Gannt Chart

Figure 3 displayed the Online Reservation System's agile development approach.

Design Phase-

In this stage, the researchers transform the planning into complete and detailed system

design specifications. Flow chart, data flow diagram, use case, and entity relationship diagram are

included in this phase.

 Figure 4: Flowchat

Figure 4 illustrates the flow of the Tres Marias Events Place and Resort's online reservation

system, which includes email and SMS notifications.

Figure 5: Conetxt Diagram level 0

Figure 5 shows the general flow of data for the

online reservation system. This will also be the guide

from the customer's reservation and confirmation of the process, managed by the admin, to the online

reservation system.

Figure 6: Context Diagram level 1

Figure 6 depicts the flow of data within the online reservation system. The main process of

the system displays information from the following essential data: reservation record, customer

information, date of reservation, transaction records, and employee records this procedure requires

information such as records of customers' reservation payment transactions and revenue, which serve as

the basis for the admin to manage the reservation system.

 Figure 7: Context Diagram level 2

Figure 7 shows the process of the online reservation system, from managing customer

information, managing reservation records, checking the date of reservations, updating reservation

status, and monitoring transactions.

Figure 8: Use Case Diagram

Figure 8 depicts the various actors in a situation. Directly into the system. It demonstrates

how the various functions required by the

actors interact with one another.

 Figure 9: Entity Relationship
Name Data Type Description
Diagram ID. int(20) AI This is the id in
database
name varchar(50) This is the name of Figure 9 depicts an
users
entity relationship username varchar(50) This is the username diagram that
for login
displays the relationships
password varchar(50) This is the password
between entities for login and attributes of
usertype varchar(50) User type if you are a
data and illustrates staff or admin how it is

represented in the Online Reservation System at Tres Marias Events Place and Resort with Email and

SMS Notification

Admin
Booking table

Id int(20) AI This is the id in database

name varchar(50) This is the name of users
email varchar(50) This is the email of users
for notification
messag varchar(250) This is the feedback field
e for Messages

Room_id int(20) AI This is the room

id in database
Room_type varchar(50) This is the class
of rooms if they
want a single
room or double
price varchar(50) This is the price
availability of
every rooms
photo
Id varchar(50)
int(20) AI This isThis
theisidthe
in
accurate picture
database
name varchar(50) This isofthe
thename
roomsof
users
Contact email varchar(50) This is the email of
users for
notification
number varchar(50) This is the number
of users for
notification
date varchar(50) This is the date of
when they are
booked
Room status varchar(50) To know if they are
approve, pending or
canceled
 id int(20) AI This is the id in
database
fname varchar(50) This is the first name
Client of the client in Users
database
Account lname varchar(50) This is the last name
of the client in
Id int(20) AI This is the id in
database
screenshot_of_payment varchar(50) database
This is the screenshot
fname varchar(50) This is the first
of online payment in
name of users
database
lname varchar(50) This is the last
Cash_on_payment varchar(50 This is the text that
name of users
Email varchar(50) theyis choose
This the email an Cash
onusers
of payment
for
notification
password varchar(50) This is the
password for
login

Payment Method
Development

The construction of the project's actual output is done at this phase. Programmers are

coding, and designers are creating graphic elements.

Prototyping

Figure 10:

Figure 10 shows the home page of the reservation portal of Tres Marias Events Place and

Resort. The customer can view the about us, rooms, features, and contact of the resort.

Figure 11

This figure shows the registration form, the new customer need to create their account.
 Figure 12

The customers can select a day they want to reserve in this figure. The customer can also

see whether the desired date is available or not. Customers can view the green color on the calendar if

the date is available or the red color on the calendar if the date is already reserved.

Figure 13:
 Figure 12 depicts the customer's log-in form; once the customer has chosen their desired date,

they can finally fill out this form and reserve the rooms, event spaces, or pools they desire.

Figure 13:

This diagram depicts the Tres Marias Events Place and Resort's contact information.

Additionally, customers can provide feedback to Tres Marias Events Place and Resort.
Appendix A
Appendix B
References:

 Alliaga and Gunderson (2015). Qualitative and Quantitative research approaches,

IOSR Journal of Research & Method in Education (IOSR-JRME) e-ISSN: 2320–7388,p-ISSN:

2320–737X Volume 5, Issue 3 Ver. IV (May - Jun. 2015), PP 48-51

 Hu & Gu, (2013). Development and Implementation of WEB-based Online Hotel Reservation

System,P ublished by Atlantis Press, Paris, France 0237

 Wu, Mai (2018) "Customers’ perceptions of service quality, using an online reservation system, and

online reviews affecting intention to use the system to book a hotel room”, Graduate Theses and

Dissertations. 16490.

 Oribiana (2015) Online Reservation System at Sallie Ville Resort.

 Creswell J.W (2003). Research Design: Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed method approaches.

London: Sage Publication, Inc.

 Cerafica (2015). Online Reservation System

 McCombes (2022). Research Design: Perspective and Methodological Approaches.

 Nasajj i(2015). Qualitative and descriptive research: Data type versus data analysis,

Language Teaching Research 2015, Vol. 19(2) 129–132.