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Session #42 SAS - AnaPhy (Lab) (Agdana, Nicole Ken)

This document provides information about a lesson on the urinary system for nursing students. It discusses the learning objectives which are to describe common urinary system diseases and conditions, discuss laboratory and diagnostic procedures, state the normal characteristics of freshly voided urine, and explain the significance of common urine tests. The main lesson defines various urinary system diseases and disorders like kidney stones, urinary incontinence, cysts in the kidneys, and chronic kidney disease. It also lists diagnostic tests for urinary issues and diseases of the bladder and kidneys that can damage the urinary system. Students are quizzed on their understanding through multiple choice questions.

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Nicole Ken Agdana
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172 views4 pages

Session #42 SAS - AnaPhy (Lab) (Agdana, Nicole Ken)

This document provides information about a lesson on the urinary system for nursing students. It discusses the learning objectives which are to describe common urinary system diseases and conditions, discuss laboratory and diagnostic procedures, state the normal characteristics of freshly voided urine, and explain the significance of common urine tests. The main lesson defines various urinary system diseases and disorders like kidney stones, urinary incontinence, cysts in the kidneys, and chronic kidney disease. It also lists diagnostic tests for urinary issues and diseases of the bladder and kidneys that can damage the urinary system. Students are quizzed on their understanding through multiple choice questions.

Uploaded by

Nicole Ken Agdana
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 4

Anatomy & Physiology - Laboratory

STUDENT ACTIVITY SHEET BS NURSING / FIRST YEAR


Session # 42

LESSON TITLE: URINARY SYSTEM (Part 2) Materials:


Pen and notebook
LEARNING TARGETS:

Upon completion of this lesson, you can:


1. Describe common diseases and conditions of urinary Reference:
system;
2. Discuss laboratory and diagnostic procedures; VanPutte, C., Regan, J., & Russo, A. (2019). Seeley’s
3. State the normal characteristics of freshly, voided urine; and essentials of anatomy & physiology (10th ed.).
4. Explain the significance of the common urine test. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill Education.

LESSON PREVIEW/ REVIEW


Answer the following questions below based on what you have learned. Write your answers on the space provided.
1. What is the function of the urinary system?

The purpose of the urinary system is to filter blood and produce urine as a waste by-product. It also includes
blood volume and blood pressure regulation, electrolyte and metabolite management, and blood pH regulation.

2. What are the functions of the kidneys?

The functions of the kidneys are to remove waste products and drugs from the body. Balance the body’s fluids,
Release hormones to regulate blood pressure, and to control production of red blood cells.

3. True or False
● Normal, healthy urine is a pale straw or transparent brownish in color. Answer: FALSE
● Darker yellow or honey colored urine means you have enough water. Answer: FALSE
● A darker, brownish color may indicate a liver problem or severe dehydration. Answer: TRUE
● Pinkish or red urine may mean blood in the urine. Answer: TRUE

MAIN LESSON
You will study and read their book, if available, about this lesson.

Urinary System Pathologies: Common Diseases and Disorders


Diseases of the kidneys or bladder can compromise urinary system functions.

Kidney Stones Form from Substances in Urine


● The kidneys produce urine to eliminate waste.
● Kidney stones can form when mineral and acid salts in the urine crystallize and stick together.
● If the stone is small, it can pass easily through the urinary system and out of the body.
● A larger stone can get stuck in the urinary tract, however.
● A stuck kidney stone causes pain and can block the flow of urine.

Urinary Incontinence Is the Loss of Bladder Control


● Most bladder control issues arise when the sphincter muscles of the urethra are too weak or too active.
● If the sphincter muscles are too weak, a cough or sneeze can cause urination.
● Sphincter muscles that are too active can trigger a sudden, strong urge to urinate with little urine in the bladder.
● These issues are diagnosed as urinary incontinence (UI).

This document and the information thereon is the property of PHINMA


Education (Department of Nursing) 1 of 4
● Women experience UI twice as often as men. It becomes more common with age.
Fluid-filled Cysts Can Develop in the Kidneys
● A simple kidney cyst is a rounded pouch or a closed pocket that is usually filled with fluid.
● In polycystic kidney disease (PKD), clusters of cysts form inside the kidneys and take the place of the normal tissue.
● The affected kidneys become enlarged and work poorly.
● PKD is an inherited condition that often leads to kidney failure, requiring dialysis or kidney transplantation.
● Acquired cystic kidney disease (ACKD) typically affects people already on dialysis from chronic kidney disease.
● In ACKD the kidneys do not enlarge and no other symptoms occur.

Chronic Kidney Disease Can Lead to Kidney Failure


● In chronic kidney disease (CKD), the kidneys are damaged and unable to filter blood properly.
● This damage can lead to a build-up of waste substances in the body and to other problems, including kidney failure.
● The most common causes of CKD include diabetes, heart disease, and high blood pressure. A diseased kidney may look
smaller and have a granular surface.

Diseases and Disorders of the Urinary System

Bladder Diseases
– Cystitis
– Urinary tract infection
– Urinary incontinence
– Interstitial cystitis
Dx test
Urine tests
– X-rays
– Cystoscopy
• Treatment
– Medications
– Surgery

Kidney Damage
– Risk Factors
• Diabetes (Diabetic nephropathy)
• High blood pressure
• Family history of disease
• Kidney Failure
– End-stage renal disease (ESRD)
– Renal failure

CHECK FOR UNDERSTANDING


You will answer and rationalize this by yourself. This will be recorded as your quiz. One (1) point will be given to the correct answer
and another one (1) point for the correct ratio. Superimpositions or erasures in your answer/ratio is not allowed.

1.
Which of the following causes the majority of UTI’s in hospitalized patients?
a. Lack of fluid intake c. Inadequate perineal care
b. Invasive procedures d. Immunosuppression
ANSWER: B
RATIO:

2. A patient is experiencing which type of incontinence if she experiences leaking urine when she coughs, sneezes, or lifts
heavy objects?
a. Overflow c. Reflex
b. Stress d. Urge

This document and the information thereon is the property of PHINMA


Education (Department of Nursing) 2 of 4
ANSWER: B
RATIO:

3.You have a patient that might have a urinary tract infection (UTI). Which statement by the patient suggests that a UTI is
likely?
a. “I pee a lot.” c. “It burns when I pee.”
b. “I go hours without the urge to pee.” d. “My pee smells sweet.”
ANSWER: C
RATIO:

4.All of the following are functions of the kidneys EXCEPT


a. removing waste products from the bloodstream c. assisting the metabolism of calcium
b. help regulating blood pressure d. store urine
ANSWER: D
RATIO:

5. is blood in the urine.


a. Pyuria c. hematuria
b. Proteinuria d. albuminuria
ANSWER: C
RATIO:

RATIONALIZATION ACTIVITY
The instructor will now provide you the rationalization to these questions. You can now ask questions and debate among yourselves.
Write the correct answer and correct/additional ratio in the space provided.

1. ANSWER:
RATIO:

2. ANSWER:
RATIO:

3. ANSWER:
RATIO:

4. ANSWER:
RATIO:

5. ANSWER:
RATIO:

This document and the information thereon is the property of PHINMA


Education (Department of Nursing) 3 of 4
LESSON WRAP-UP

You will now mark (encircle) the session you have finished today in the tracker below. This is simply a visual to help you track how
much work you have accomplished and how much work there is left to do.

You are done with the session! Let’s track your progress.

AL Activity: REVIEW TEST

This strategy is an efficient way for you to practice and clarify learnings. You will be answering each question based on your
understanding and comprehension in today's topic. Make sure to not miss any detail!

1. URINARY INCONTINENCE is the loss of control of urine.

2. The need to urinate "right now" is called URGENCY .

3. Visual examination of the bladder is called CYSTOSCOPY .

4. Any infection in the urinary system is known as a URINARY TRACT INFECTION.

5. Kidney stones are known as RENAL CALCULI .

6. The most common test to diagnose urinary system diseases is the URINALYSIS .

7. A/an FOLEY CATHETER is a catheter that is placed for a long period of time to treat urinary
incontinence or retention

8. Identify the common signs and symptoms of urinary diseases/disorders (more than one answer).

Common symptoms of urinary disorders include abdominal, pelvic, or lower back pain or discomfort; blood in the urine;
changes in the urine; difficulty producing urine; fever and chills; frequent urination; leaking of urine; and urgent need to
urinate.

This document and the information thereon is the property of PHINMA


Education (Department of Nursing) 4 of 4

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