DIAGNOSTIC TEST EARTH SCIENCE

Directions: Read each question carefully and 4. Which of the following describes the
choose the letter of the best answer. In your significance of the atmosphere on Earth?
answer sheet, blacken the letter that
corresponds your answer. A. It helps regulate the temperature of
the Earth keeping Earth’s
temperature not so cold nor so warm.
1. Why is Earth the only habitable planet? B. It allows a dangerous level of
ultraviolet rays to pass through the
A. It has solid water that supports all the Earth.
living and non-living factors. C. It absorbs all the solar radiation
B. It has many volcanoes which are keeping Earth very warm.
necessary for life. D. It has a limited amount of oxygen
C. It has a right distance from the sun. levels.
D. It has a weak magnetic field.
5. The following are the reasons why
2. Which of the following describes the hydrosphere is important, EXCEPT:
importance of the ozone layer in
maintaining life on Earth? A. It is the habitat for numerous aquatic
plants and animals.
A. Storms and other hydro- B. It has a major role in plate tectonic
meteorological phenomena are movement.
influenced by the ozone layer. C. It plays an essential role in the
B. Celestial objects will be disintegrated ecosystem.
in this area upon entering the Earth. D. It helps in regulating the atmosphere.
C. It protects the Earth from ultraviolet
rays (UV) from the Sun. 6. Which of the following is NOT true about
D. All gaseous materials are filtered in minerals?
the ozone layer.
A. They have a definite crystalline
3. The following are the factors that make structure.
our planet capable of sustaining varied life B. They can be solid, liquid, or gas.
forms, EXCEPT: C. They are naturally occurring.
D. They are inorganic.
A. The surface is protected from heat
from the core by the lithospheric 7. Julina has numerous collections of
plates. minerals. She was amazed one time when
B. It has a sufficient amount of light that her baby sister pounded a certain mineral
runs all the essential life processes. and found it to have different colors
C. The presence of solid ice is dominant. compared to its outward look. What
D. It has a strong magnetic field. property does the mineral exhibit?

A. Cleavage
B. Fracture
C. Luster
D. Streak

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8. Why does obsidian have a fine grain

texture? 12. How is the leaching process done?

Obsidian has a fine grain texture A. Treating ore with chemicals (cyanide,
because it is formed by _____. ammonia, alkali and acid) to convert
the valuable metals within into soluble
A. rapid cooling of viscous lava from salts while impurity remains insoluble.
volcanoes B. Mining valuable metals from ore
B. gradual cooling of viscous lava from minerals using special bacteria,
volcanoes prokaryotes, and fungi
C. rapid cooling at first, then gradual C. Separating gold from soil or gravels by
cooling of viscous lava from washing in a pan with water
volcanoes D.Using electricity and acid to separate
D. gradual cooling at first, then rapid of metal from the ore
viscous lava from volcanoes
13. The phrases in Roman numeral numbers
9. Which of the following rocks is are metallurgical processes. Which of the
metamorphic? options below is the correct order of
metallurgical processes?
A. Basalt
B. Gneiss I. crushing/grinding of ore
C. Granite II. ore dressing
D. Limestone III. hydrolytic method
IV. magnetic separation
10. Which of the following statements is NOT V. froth floatation
considered as one of the uses of clay VI. roasting calcination
minerals?
A. I, II, III, IV, V, VI
A. They enrich the soil by holding the B. I, IV, II, V, VI, III
nutrient elements like potassium. C. I, V, II, III, IV, VI
B. They are the main ingredient in tile D. I, IV, II, V, III, VI
and cement.
C. They are commonly used as fertilizers. 14. Which of the following describes the
D. They have antibacterial properties. formation of fossil fuels?

11. Plaster of Paris, granite, marble stone, A. Remains of dead living things buried
rocks, sand and gravel and some other over a million years were fossilized
native metals are used in ______. due to exposure to too much heat
and pressure underneath.
A. nuclear power generation B. Remains of dead plants and animals
B. home construction were buried and fossilized even
C. glass industry without too much exposure to
D. metal industry extreme temperature and pressure
underneath.
C. The remains of dead plants and
animals were processed mechanically
to form fuel.
D. The remains of once plants and
animals were buried for a short
period of time.

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DIAGNOSTIC TEST EARTH SCIENCE

18. Which one refers to a large body of salt

15. Which of the following describes the water, sometimes with a narrow mouth,
formation of coal? surrounded by land?

A. the odorless, colorless hydrocarbon A. Gulf

gas and is made mostly of methane B. Lake
B. a solid rock form of fossil fuel that C. River
comes from dead plants and animals D. Ocean
C. liquid type of fossil fuel composed
mostly of hydrocarbons 19. Out of 2.5% freshwater supply on Earth,
D. from marine organisms 68.90% is locked up in icecaps and glaciers
and not accessible to humans. What does
16. How is a geothermal power plant tapped this phenomenon imply?
as a source of energy?
A. There is a need to lessen the
A. It uses the potential energy of water production of plants and animals so
in the dam which is converted into water will be solely for human.
kinetic energy in the form of B. There is a need for humans to
mechanical energy causing the blade practice utilizing salt water in
of the turbines to spin and generate washing.
electricity. C. There is a need to plant more trees
B. It uses the heat from deep within the for future generation.
Earth’s surface to produce steam to D. There is a need to conserve water in
generate electricity. every consumption.
C. It uses heat from the sun to heat
water to generate electricity. 20. Most of the fresh water supply on Earth is
D. It uses wind energy like the wind mills used for ________.
to generate electricity.
A. domestic purposes
17. How is flowing water used as a source of B. agricultural processes
energy? C. personal consumption
D. manufacturing processes
A. The potential energy of water in the
dam will be converted into kinetic 21. Which of the following activities affect the
energy which will be converted into quality of water for human use?
mechanical energy causing the blade
of the turbines to spin and generate A. Fertilizers and other chemical
electricity. applications in agriculture cleanse the
B. As the water rises to the surface, the water environment.
water turns into steam due to the B. Mining can minimize heavy metal
drop of pressure. The steam spins a contamination and leaching in water.
turbine which is connected to a C. Proper waste disposal contributes
generator that produces electricity. pollution to water resources.
C. It uses the heat from deep within the D. Deforestation causes water pollution.
Earth’s surface to produce steam to
generate electricity.
D. It uses heat from the sun to heat
water to generate electricity.

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DIAGNOSTIC TEST EARTH SCIENCE

22. What is the BEST solution to restore water D. syringes

quality? 28. Which of the following describes a
gaseous waste?
A. Enjoy water supply to the fullest.
B. Throw garbage anywhere. A. dissolution of radioactive nuclides in
C. Use harmful chemicals. power plants
D. Plant trees. B. chemicals and oils from industrial
plants
23. Which of the following will happen if the C. sludges from a wastewater treatment
soil is exposed to any human activity? plant or air control facility
D. electronic wastes generated from any
A. The amount of soil decreases. modern establishments
B. Soil structure is improved.
A. Soil fertility is enhanced. 29. Which of the following supports 3R’s
B. Erosion may happen. waste management?

24. People dig up the soil to make roads, A. cellophanes for sandwiches
houses, malls, and other buildings. What B. dish cloth in the kitchen
human activity is described in the C. disposable paper plates
statement? D. aluminum foil for food

A. Construction and Development 30. How do solid wastes affect people’s

B. Waste Disposal health?
C. Farming
D. Mining A. cause climate change and destruction
of ozone layer
25. Why is tilling activity NOT recommended B. increase hospitalization in residents
in farming? living near waste sites
C. result to high algal population in rivers
A. improves the soil structure and fertility and seas
B. leads to compaction of the soil D. degrade soil and water quality
C. builds up pathogens
D. causes soil erosion 31. How do nitrates affect the environment?

26. The following are advantages of crop Nitrates cause __________.

rotation, EXCEPT: A. air contamination
B. surface runoff
A. It avoids the building up of soil C. landfill leaks
pathogens. D. algal bloom
B. It helps in the percolation of water in
the soil.
C. It balances the fertility of the soil.
D. It improves soil structure>

27. Which of the following is an example of

biomedical wastes?

A. batteries
B. bottles
C. cotton balls

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DIAGNOSTIC TEST EARTH SCIENCE

32. Which of the following describes 36. What happens after magma is formed?
hydrolysis?
A. Magma escapes through a magma
A. Acid rain reacts with rock-forming chamber.
minerals such as feldspar to produce B. Magma escapes by intrusion and
clay and salts that are removed in extrusion.
solution. C. Magma is released through volcanic
B. Sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide eruption.
dissolve in rainwater to make stronger D. Magma escapes to the bodies of
acids. water.
C. Water reacts chemically with the
rocks, modifying its chemical 37. Which of the following statements
structure. describes plutonism?
D. Rocks are broken down by oxygen and
water. A. All sorts of igneous geological
activities take place below the Earth's
33. What happens to rocks when transported surface
to the river? B. Some minerals melt, and others
remain solid.
Rocks become __________. C. A magma moves up into a volcano
without erupting.
A. smaller and more jagged
D. A magmatic rock crystallizes in the
B. larger and more jagged
natural terrestrial surface.
C. smaller and rounder
D. larger and rounder
38. Which of the following is TRUE about
regional metamorphism?
34. Why is Earth considered as thermal
engine?
A. It takes place when the heat and
shock waves from meteor or asteroid
A. The Earth was formed from the
impact transform rocks immediately
process of accretion wherein gasses
around the impact site.
and dust of cloud was attracted by
B. It is located between two converging
gravitational energy.
plates.
B. The Earth’s main source of internal
C. It occurs within the continental crust.
heat comes from the produced decay
D. It forms granoblastic rocks.
of naturally occurring isotopes from
its interior.
39. What type of rock is formed during high-
C. There is increase in pressure and
pressure metamorphism?
presence of heavier materials towards
the earth’s center.
A. eglcosite C. phyllite
D. The Earth’s biotic components remain
B. gneiss D. schist
alive due to proper regulation of
internal heat.
40. Alex played a clay bar. He pushed the
two sides of the clay bar using equal
35. What process is shown when gases and
force from her hands on the same axis.
dust of clouds were attracted by
What type of stress did he exert on the
gravitational energy?
clay bar?
A. accretion B. planetesimal
A. compressional C. shar
B. gravity D. radioactive decay

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DIAGNOSTIC TEST EARTH SCIENCE

B. direct D. tensional
41. If the Atlantic Ocean is widening at a rate 45. An oceanographic team explored an
of 3x10-5 km per year, how far will it spread area underwater and located a
in a million years? submerged volcanic mountain with a
top that is flat. What feature of ocean
A. 300 km basins did the team find?
B. 30 km
C. 3 km A. Guyot
D. 0.3 km B. Seamounts
C. Abyssal Hill
42. Why is Earth not getting bigger despite the D. Continental Slope
seafloor spreading?
46. How is an ocean basin formed?
A. As tectonic plates slowly move away
from each other, heat from the A. A continental plate is pulled apart
mantle’s convection currents make the and seafloor spreading creates
crust more plastic and less dense. ocean lithosphere in the gap left
B. Subduction deep below the surface between the pieces.
causes the partial melting of both the B. The ocean basins were formed
ocean crust and mantle as they slide when Earth’s crust first formed, so
past one another. there are no new oceans.
C. As oceanic crust moves away from the C. Meteorite impacts cause huge
shallow mid-ocean ridges, it cools and craters that are the precursors to
sinks as it becomes denser. Oceans.
D. Convection currents carry heat from D. Continental lithosphere becomes so
the lower mantle and core to the dense that it sinks.
lithosphere.
47. What happens when an oceanic and
43. Which observation is NOT instrumental in continental plate converge?
formulating the hypothesis of seafloor
spreading? A. No associated volcanism occurs.
B. Continental crust is subducted.
A. identifying the location of glacial C. Oceanic crust is subducted.
deposits D. Oceanic crust is created.
B. magnetization of the oceanic crust
C. thickness of seafloor sediments 48. Which of the following areas are most
D. depth of the ocean earthquakes located?

44. How many percent of the planet’s surface A. along plate boundaries
is made up of ocean basins? B. on continental crust
C. on oceanic crust
A. 80 % D. in the ocean
B. 75%
C. 70% 49. What feature is located under the surface
D. 60% of the sea which is described as the
continuous mountain chains?

A. Oceanic trenches
B. Mountain ranges
C. Oceanic ranges

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DIAGNOSTIC TEST EARTH SCIENCE

D. Abyssal plain B. concentrations of different minerals

50. How does the Principle of Faunal C. numbers of radioactive isotopes
Succession allow geologists to correlate D. half-lives of various isotopes
rock strata in different geographic 53. Which of the following is primarily used
locations? by
geologists to determine the absolute ages
A. The fossils within rock strata are of boundaries on the geologic time scale?
mostly homogeneous; suggesting
that rock strata throughout a A. Cross-Cutting Methods
region should reveal similar sets of B. Correlation Methods
fossils. C. Law of Superposition
B. The evolution of fossils in one region D. Radiometric Dating
should correlate with the evolution of
fossils through different rock strata in 54. Which factor is a challenge to geologists in
another region. establishing the boundaries of the geologic
C. The fossil in rock strata is older than time scale?
the rock layers, allowing geologists
to link younger and older layers A. The exponential decay of radioactive
across a region. atoms mean scientists are running out
D. The layers of rock strata at different of time to obtain radiometric data.
locations can be correlated according B. The rate at which past geologic events
to the unique set of fossils they have occurred has varied through
contain. Earth’s history.
C. Most rocks do not contain minerals that
51. Based on the figure below, what principle can be dated using radiometric dating.
of stratigraphy is being illustrated? D. Some Absolute Rock Dating techniques
are becoming more precise.

55. Which of the following factors is NOT

important in rock dating for identifying
the Earth’s history?

A. Representation of sediments in the

Holocene and Pleistocene epoch of
the Neogene Period
B. Provision of global summary of the
Earth’s geologic time and events
A. The Principle of Original C. Correlations of rock layers made at
Horizontality local and regional scales
B. The Principle of Faunal Succession D. Determination of ages and extinctions
C. The Principle of Lateral Continuity
D. The Principle of Superposition 56. What property of index fossils makes
them useful for subdividing geologic
52. Which quantities does a geologist time?
compare in a sample when using
absolute rock dating to determine the A. They are present in both young and
absolute age of a rock? old layers of rock.
B. They are exceptionally old.
A. amount of parent and daughter C. They are short-lived.
isotopes D. They are radioactive.

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DIAGNOSTIC TEST EARTH SCIENCE

57. Which of the following is a characteristic

of an index fossils?

A. Widespread geographically; short

Lifespan
B. Widespread geographically; long
Lifespan
C. Specific place; short lifespan
D. Specific place; long lifespan

58. Which period in the age of the earth was

terrestrial life well- established?

A. Carboniferous
B. Cretaceous
C. Jurassic
D. Pleistocene

59. Which geological period is also known as

the Age of Fish?

A. Devonian
B. Ediacaran
C. Ordovician
D. Orosirian

60. How will you describe the relative age of

a rock?

A. Its age is based on how much

carbon-14 the rock contains.
B. Less than the age of the fossils the
rock contains
C. Its age compared to the ages of
other rocks
D. The number of years since the rock
formed

*** End of Science ***

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