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Experiment 3 FORMOSO

This experiment tested the law of conservation of energy by measuring the kinetic and potential energy of a falling ball. The ball was dropped from various heights and its velocity and time were recorded. Calculations showed that as the ball's potential energy decreased as it fell, its kinetic energy increased, keeping the total energy constant. This supported the conclusion that energy is conserved in an isolated system as it transfers between kinetic and potential forms.

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91 views5 pages

Experiment 3 FORMOSO

This experiment tested the law of conservation of energy by measuring the kinetic and potential energy of a falling ball. The ball was dropped from various heights and its velocity and time were recorded. Calculations showed that as the ball's potential energy decreased as it fell, its kinetic energy increased, keeping the total energy constant. This supported the conclusion that energy is conserved in an isolated system as it transfers between kinetic and potential forms.

Uploaded by

Zoe Formoso
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Experiment 3

CONSERVATION OF ENERGY

FORMOSO, ZOE AIANE

PT 1-4

Group 3

Ms. Luzette Oraa

February 14, 2023

Criteria Excellent Very Satisfactory Developing


Satisfactory
Neatness and Organization 6 4 3 2
Cover Page 4 3 2 1
Abstract 12 9 6 3
Introduction 8 6 4 2
Procedure 8 6 4 2
Data and Results 4 3 2 1
Interpretation of Data and 16 12 8 4
Results
Conclusion 8 6 4 2
References 4 3 2 1

TOTAL / 70
ABSTRACT
Newton's law of motion asserts that the amount of momentum within an area remains

constant; momentum is not created nor destroyed, but only modified by the influence of forces.

Which would also be the basis for “thermodynamics” This experiment's objective is to illustrate

the conservation law of energy and to establish the relationship between the kinetic and

gravitational potential energies of a falling item. An Xplorer GLX, a motion sensor, and a ball

were used as the materials. The tools were assembled, and the variables would be recorded,

observed, and modified. The data was evaluated, and the analysis revealed that the total

energy decreased as the ball falls.

INTRODUCTION

The fundamentals of what is now known as the law of conservation of energy were

discovered and defined by Julius Robert von Mayer, James Prescott Joule, and Hermann von

Helmholtz between 1842 and 1847: Energy cannot be generated or destroyed; it can only be

changed from one form to another. According to the law of conservation of energy, the total

energy of an isolated system maintains steady in spite of internal changes. The basic principle

of thermodynamics, which is most frequently expressed as "energy cannot be created nor

destroyed," is based on this statement. The formula for gravitational potential energy, or GPE, is

GPE=mgh. The mass is m, the acceleration due to gravity is g, and the height is h. The Kinetic

Energy formula is KE=12mv2. The mass is m, and the speed is v. The formula for Total Energy

is TE=GPE+KE. The goal of this experiment is to verify the law of conservation of energy and

discover the relationship between a falling object’s gravitational potential energy and kinetic

energy.
SCHEMATIC PROCEDURE

Set up materials.

Turn on the GLX and navigate to the energy GLX setup file

Connect the motion sensor to the Xplorer GLX's sensor port.

Set the Motion Sensor's range selection switch to the far position.

Mount the sensor downwards using rods and clamps. Place a pad on the floor beneath the sensor.

Set the sensor's height to 2.0m above the floor's surface

Calculate and record the ball's mass in kilograms. Hold the ball 15cm directly below the Motion sensor.

To begin recording data, press the Xplorer GLX play button. Drop straight down from the motion sensor by releasing the ball.

Set up ten various heights of the ball from the pad and record the ball's velocity and position.

Press play button to stop recording data when ball hits the pad. Record data and perform 10 trials
DATA AND RESULTS

Mass of the ball: 0.00209kg

y y(m) t(s) vf(m/s) GPE(J) KE(J) TE(J)


y1 1.90 0.08 - 0.84 0.0389 0.0006 0.047
y2 1.80 0.12 - 1.176 0.0369 0.0014 0.075
y3 1.70 0.13 - 1.274 0.0348 0.0017 0.098
y4 1.60 0.14 - 1.372 0.0328 0.0020 0.0122
y5 1.50 0.15 - 1.47 0.0307 0.0023 0.0146
y6 1.40 0.16 - 1.57 0.0287 0.0026 0.0169
y7 1.30 0.18 - 1.76 0.0266 0.0032 0.0196
y8 1.20 0.10 - 1.96 0.0246 0.0040 0.0224
y9 1.10 0.25 - 2.45 0.0225 0.0063 0.0267
y10 1 0.28 - 2.74 0.0204 0.0078 0.0303
Average 0.0165
Theoretical Total Energy 0.0430122
Percent Error 6.65%

INTERPRETATION OF DATA AND RESULTS

In this experiment, the ball's mass was measured. Then, using the given height, the time in seconds that the

ball took to fall was calculated. vf(m/s) was calculated using the method v=gt² where g= 9.8m/s². mgh must be used

as a formula in order to generate GPE(J). The formula for TE(J) is GPE+KE, whereas the equation for KE(J) is

½mv². Divide the total energy after it has been calculated by the number of y, which is 10. This gives us the

solution that the total energy lowers as the ball falls and the potential energy decreases as the ball falls because they

are directly proportional.


CONCLUSION

Our understanding of how to determine the relationship between the gravitational potential energy

and kinetic energy of a falling item as well as the rule of conservation of energy were both aided by this

experiment. This experiment proved that a ball's potential energy reduces with descent since it is

inversely proportional to position. On the other hand, kinetic energy rises because it is a factor of object

speed.

REFERENCES

Conservation of Momentum. (n.d.).

https://www.grc.nasa.gov/www/k-12/airplane/conmo.html#:~:text=The%20conservation

%20of%20momentum%20states,by%20Newton's%20laws%20of%20motion.

Freude, R. S. a. D. (n.d.). Historical Development of the Word “Energy” | Energy Fundamentals.

https://home.uni-leipzig.de/energy/energy-fundamentals/01.htm#:~:text=Between

%201842%20and%201847%2C%20Julius,from%20one%20form%20to%20another

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