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Laplace Formulae

1. The document lists formulas for the Laplace transforms of several elementary functions such as 1, c, e^at, cosh(at), sinh(at), sin(at), and cos(at). It also provides the Laplace transform of t^n. 2. Properties of the Laplace transform are described, including linearity, scaling, shifting in the s-domain, differentiation in the s-domain, and the transform of f(t)/t. 3. The inverse Laplace transform is defined as L^-1{F(s)}=f(t). Methods for taking the inverse Laplace transform are presented, including using a table of inverse transforms and the convolution theorem.

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RISHABH JAIN
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580 views4 pages

Laplace Formulae

1. The document lists formulas for the Laplace transforms of several elementary functions such as 1, c, e^at, cosh(at), sinh(at), sin(at), and cos(at). It also provides the Laplace transform of t^n. 2. Properties of the Laplace transform are described, including linearity, scaling, shifting in the s-domain, differentiation in the s-domain, and the transform of f(t)/t. 3. The inverse Laplace transform is defined as L^-1{F(s)}=f(t). Methods for taking the inverse Laplace transform are presented, including using a table of inverse transforms and the convolution theorem.

Uploaded by

RISHABH JAIN
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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LAPLACE TRANSFORMS

LIST OF FORMULA

∞
Laplace transform of 𝑓(𝑡) is 𝑳{𝒇(𝒕)} = 𝑭(𝒔) = ∫𝟎 𝒆−𝒔𝒕 𝒇(𝒕)𝒅𝒕

Transform of elementary functions


1
1. 𝐿 (1) = 𝑠 , 𝑠 > 0
𝑐
2. 𝐿 (𝑐) = 𝑠 , 𝑠 > 0 (𝑐 𝑖𝑠 𝑐𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑡)
1
3. 𝐿 (𝑒 𝑎𝑡 ) = 𝑠−𝑎 , 𝑠 > 𝑎
𝑒 𝑎𝑡 +𝑒 −𝑎𝑡 𝑎
4. 𝐿 (𝑐𝑜𝑠ℎ 𝑎𝑡) = 𝐿 ( ) = 𝑠2 −𝑎2 , 𝑠 > |𝑎|
2
𝑒 𝑎𝑡 −𝑒 −𝑎𝑡 𝑎
5. 𝐿 (𝑠𝑖𝑛ℎ 𝑎 𝑡) = 𝐿 ( ) = 𝑠2 −𝑎2 , 𝑠 > |𝑎|
2
𝑎
6. 𝐿 (𝑠𝑖𝑛 𝑎𝑡) = 𝑠2 +𝑎2 , 𝑠 > 0
𝑠
7. 𝐿 (𝑐𝑜𝑠 𝑎 𝑡) = 𝑠2 +𝑎2 , 𝑠 > 0
𝛤(𝑛+1)
8. 𝐿(𝑡 𝑛 ) = 𝑠𝑛+1
𝑛!
9. 𝐿(𝑡 𝑛 ) = 𝑠𝑛+1 (𝛤(𝑛 + 1) = 𝑛!) for n = 0,1,2,3….

Properties of Laplace transform

1. Linearity
For any two functions 𝑓(𝑡) and 𝑔(𝑡) whose Laplace transform exists and any two constants a
and b we have
𝐿 [𝑎 𝑓 (𝑡) + 𝑏 𝑔(𝑡)] = 𝑎 𝐿{𝑓 (𝑡)} + 𝑏 𝐿{𝑔(𝑡)}.
2. Scaling

1 s
If 𝐿 {𝑓 (𝑡)} = 𝐹(𝑠), then 𝐿 [𝑓 (𝑎𝑡)] = F   , where a is a positive constant.
a a

3. 𝒔- domain shift (First shifting property)


If 𝐿 {𝑓 (𝑡)} = 𝐹(𝑠), then 𝐿 [𝑒 𝑎𝑡 𝑓(𝑡)] = 𝐹(𝑠 − 𝑎) (where a is a constant)
4. Differentiation in the 𝒔-domain

 
If L{ f (t )} = F (s) , then L t n f (t ) = (−1) n
dn
ds n
F (s), n = 1, 2, 3,...

𝒇(𝒕)
5. Transform of 𝒕


 f (t ) 
If L{ f (t )} = F (s) , then L  =  F ( s)ds.
 t  s

6. Differentiation in the time domain

If L{ f (t )} = F (s) , then L{ f n (t )} = s n L{ f (t )} − s n−1 f (0) − s n−2 f (0) − ....... − f n−1 (0)

7. Integration property
𝑡 1
If L{ f (t )} = F (s) , then 𝐿 ∫0 𝑓(𝑡)𝑑𝑡 = 𝑠 𝐹(𝑠)

Laplace Transform of a periodic function


T
1
− ST 
Let 𝑓(𝑡) be a periodic function of period 𝑇 then L{ f (t )} = e − st f (t )dt.
1− e 0

Transform of Heaviside unit step function


e − as
𝐿 [𝐻 (𝑡 − 𝑎)] =
s

Heaviside shift theorem / t - shifting Property (second shifting Property)

If 𝐿{𝑓(𝑡)} = 𝐹(𝑠), then 𝐿 [𝑓(𝑡 − 𝑎) 𝐻(𝑡 − 𝑎)] = 𝑒 −𝑎𝑠 𝐹(𝑠)

Laplace Transform of Unit Impulse function

∞
If 𝑓(𝑡) be a continuous function at 𝑡 = 𝑎, then ∫0 𝑓(𝑡)𝛿(𝑡 − 𝑎)𝑑𝑡 = 𝑓(𝑎)
INVERSE LAPLACE TRANSFORMS
Let 𝐿{𝑓 (𝑡)} = 𝐹(𝑠), then f(t) is defined as the inverse Laplace transform of 𝐹(𝑠) and is
denoted by 𝐿−1 {𝐹(𝑠)}. Thus 𝐿−1 {𝐹(𝑠)} = 𝑓 (𝑡).

Linearity Property
Let 𝐿−1 {𝐹(𝑠)} = 𝑓 (𝑡) and 𝐿−1 {𝐺(𝑠)} = 𝑔(𝑡) and 𝑎 and 𝑏 be any two constants,

Then 𝐿−1 [𝑎 𝐹(𝑠) + 𝑏 𝐺(𝑠)] = 𝑎 𝐿−1 {𝐹(𝑠)} + 𝑏 𝐿−1 { 𝐺(𝑠)}

Table of Inverse Laplace Transforms

F(s) f (t ) = L−1{F (s)}

1 1
,s0
s
1 e at
,sa
s−a
s Cos at
,s0
s + a2
2

1 Sin at
,s0
s + a2
2
a

1 Sin h at
,s a
s − a2
2
a
s
,s a
s − a2
2
Cos h at
1 tn
n +1
,s0
s n!
n = 0, 1, 2, 3, . . .
1 tn
n +1
,s0
s (n + 1)
n ≠-1, -2, -3, …..

If 𝐿[𝑓(𝑡)] = 𝐹(𝑠), then 𝐿[𝑓(𝑡 − 𝑎)𝐻(𝑡 − 𝑎)] = 𝑒 −𝑎𝑠 𝐹(𝑠)


𝐿−1 [ 𝑒 −𝑎𝑠 𝐹(𝑠)] = 𝑓(𝑡 − 𝑎)𝐻(𝑡 − 𝑎)
Inverse transform of logarithmic and trigonometric functions

𝑑
If 𝐿[𝑡𝑓(𝑡)] = 𝐹(𝑠) then 𝐿[𝑡𝑓(𝑡)] = 𝐿−1 [− 𝑑𝑠 𝐹(𝑠)] = 𝑡𝑓(𝑡)

𝑑𝑛
In general, 𝐿−1 [(−1)𝑛 𝑑𝑠𝑛 𝐹(𝑠)] = 𝑡 𝑛 𝑓(𝑡)
𝑭(𝒔)
Inverse transform of 𝒔
𝑡 𝑡
𝐹(𝑠) −1
𝐹(𝑠)
Since 𝐿 ∫ 𝑓(𝑡)𝑑𝑡 =   ⥂ ,we have𝐿 [ ] = ∫ 𝑓(𝑡)𝑑𝑡
0 𝑠 𝑠 0

Inverse Laplace transform of F(s) using Convolution theorem

𝑡
If 𝐿−1 [𝐹(𝑠)] = 𝑓(𝑡) and 𝐿−1 [𝐺(𝑠)] = 𝑔(𝑡) , then 𝐿−1 [𝐹(𝑠)𝐺(𝑠)] = ∫0 𝑓(𝑢)𝑔(𝑡 − 𝑢)𝑑𝑢 =
𝑓(𝑡) ∗ 𝑔(𝑡)

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