HOSTEL MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

Chapter 1

System Introduction

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Chapter 1

System Introduction

1.1 Introduction
Computer replaces the manual works that we have done early by
consuming a lot of time. With the invention of computer, human
civilization in the modern world has been replaced by a new era of
civilization with computer. Today the use of Information Technology is a
basic requirement; Computer is emerging as one of the most widely used
machines in today’s world. It can handle almost all jobs done manually in
an easy way within a short period.

Today, computer has made a great impact on our everyday life. The
use of computer is growing in various fields. In short, nowadays is the era
of computer. In facts, it is an essential day-to-day life of every aspect,
regarding educational and training, medical science, business, games and
sport, entertainment, advertising etc. Nowadays many organization,
departments, companies or corporation develop computerized system as
processing of data can be done rapidly.

Computerization of an already existing system require a clear

understanding of the system and a clear implementation of the process by
automating it with the use of computer in such a way that the system
should be able to absorb and implement the existing enormous volume of
data.

1.2 Purpose of the project

The purpose of this project is to design and developed user friendly
software that is to be used especially for MU boy’s hostel by which the
authorities will be convenient in retrieving, calculating and searching the
tracks records a particular hosteller from his admission to his vacant time.

We can also improve the efficiency of the system, thus overcoming the
drawbacks of the existing system which has many drawbacks.

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• Less human error
• Strength and strain of manual labour can be reduced
• Data redundancy can be avoided to some extent
• Easy to handle
• Easy data updating
• Easy record keeping

1.3 Objective of the system

The main objective of this project is to replace the manual works of
activities involved in maintaining and conducting a hostel. It also aims to
centralize all the activities and the processes involved in managing a
hostel into one application called “Hostel Management System” on large
scale on the Internet as a web application.

The following main activities should be done:

 Speeding up the collection of the required information for the

preparation information about the hostel miscellaneous.
 Preparation of accurate report.
 Reduction of processing errors
 Providing of up-to-date information.
 To maintain the students as hostellers.
 Automatically insert student’s details to the hosteller’s record
when the allotment is confirmed by the admin and deleted when
vacation is confirmed.
 Hostellers can also check their monthly hostel fee.

1.4 Scope of the Project

Every computerized system has some scope and limitation.
Commenting on the scope of a system, it can be said that the system has
been designed in a modular form, that it facilitates further improvements,
major limitation of the system is that data entry operator must be familiar
with windows operating system. The system has only a fixed number of
queries for information processing.

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The propose system has the following scope:

 Storing huge amount of data for future use.

 It can be extended easily.
 It supports Client Server Architecture both in Intranet and on
Internet when launched.
 Provision to pull the database on the web to permit on-line
retrieving data, keeping security aspects in view.
 Provision for Auto-generation of reports and Provision for
additional queries and update facilities.

1.5 Limitation of the project

1. During setup of this software many errors are occurred due to
unfamiliar of software.
2. Due to the inadequate data collection, the activities of the some
of the tasks like staff salaries managements of the hostel, hostel
online mess fee payment, etc. are not included in this
application.

1.6 Theoretical background

Computer makes changing the modern society rapidly. In every sphere,
we find computers playing a critical role. Be it business or government
establishment, computers dominate and more than half of manual works
are replaced by them. But, it is well known fact that computers are
machines that function only when human makes design efficient and
effective programs to help themselves.

Now, let us consider the computerized version of the existing system.

In the computerized model, almost all the process carried out under the
manual system is identical. Only difference being data entry by typing
through a keyboard connected to a computer. With the new system, only
one person can manage all the works.

Backup facility will enable the admin to keep backup copy of files
electronically. Such backup copy may serve him in data recovery process

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in one must realize the limitation of computer. Computers can process
data and deliver information accurately provided we have software to go
through certain algorithm or steps of processing data.

1.7 Advantages of the proposed system

The computerized report system always dominates over a
manual system due to unlimited efficiencies over manual system. Since
this application is web based it could be utilized on large scale with the
following advantages:

 Replacement of tedious manual works by computerization all

relevant operations of hostel maintaining hosteller and their
members.
 Supporting of Client Server Architecture in Intranet and Internet
when launched.
 Accessing high security policy for both database and system
implementation.
 Wide range of scalability.
 Integration of different languages into one platform(i.e. language
interoperability)
 Easy deployment and execution.
 Independent of work station machine. (Accessible from any
machine after launching.)
 Provision to pull the database on the web to permit on-line
retrieving data, keeping security aspects in view.
 Provision for Auto-generation of reports and Provision for
additional queries and update facilities.
 Accessible by large no. of users after making available on the
Internet i.e. after launching.
 Ability of storing huge amount of data for future use in the
database server used.
 Readily extensible.

Ease of use: The computerized model offer easy-to-use-interfaces.

User need not learn many things in order to use this system. The user
manual guide and few hours practice will suffice.

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Personal costs include electronic data processing staff salaries.
Facility costs are expenses increased in the preparation of the physical
sites where the application or the computer will be in operation. This
includes wiring, flooring, acoustics, lighting, and air-conditioning etc.
that are treated as onetime cost. Operating cost include all costs
associated with the day-to-day operation of the system. Supply costs are
variable and increase with the increases use of paper ribbons, disks and
the likes.

Even after operating for some years, when the users wants to
upgrade the system they can do so which means the computer operator
whom the version of the product with ease. Moreover, the system will
facilitate timely generation of reports, which is of immense value to the
management section of the users. This timely generation of useful and
meaningful reports is the one benefit the users’ authority wants.

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Chapter 2

System Analysis

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Chapter 2
System Analysis

An analysis is a detailed study of various operations performed by a

system and their relationships within and outside the system. Simply we
can say that system analysis is the process of gathering and interpreting
facts, diagnosing problems, and using the information to recommend
improvements to the system. It determines the requirement of the system
that must be included in the new system.

2.1 System Analysis

System analysis is the process of gathering and interpreting facts,
diagnosing problems and using the information to the system. The system
analyst conducts system studies to relevant facts about the existing
system. The emphasis is on gathering information and determining
requirements. Analyst conducts the system investigations develop the
system design specification and program software to implement the
design. System analyst clarify development life cycle into various
activities.

Analysis is a detail study of the various operations performed by a

system and their relationship within and outside the system. Simply we
can say system analysis is the process of the gathering and interpreting
facts, diagnosing and the problems and using the information to
recommended improvement to the system. So we need analyzed the
existing system with intend of the system through better procedures and
method.

Some of the activities normally done in the analysis phase are:

 Preliminary Investigation.
 Feasibility Study.
i. Technical Feasibility
ii. Economical Feasibility

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iii. Operational Feasibility
 Cost/Benefit Analysis etc.

2.2 Preliminary Investigation

Preliminary investigation is the most important phase of the system
analysis. It is the process of survey, gathering and interpreting facts,
diagnosing problems and using the information to recommended
improvement of the system. During preliminary investigation of the
project, various surveys and studies were carried out.

2.3 Feasibility Study

Feasibility requires studying on the various constrains within which the
proposed computerized system should be implemented and operated. The
main rule of training is that all tasks must have achievements whether
tangible or intangible. So also, it is true for development of any system.
All the system will be termed as feasible if given unlimited resources and
infinite time, but development of a computer-based system is more likely
to be plagued by scarcity of resources and have a tight delivery schedule.
The efforts and resources spent in developing the system will be a waste
if the end solution does not offer timely and satisfactory solution to its
users.

Feasibility study is a test of system proposed regarding workability,

impact on the organization ability to meet user needs, and effective use of
resources. Thus, when a new application is proposed, it normally goes
through a feasibility study before it was approved for development.

Feasibility and risk analysis are related in many ways. If project risk is
great, the feasibility of producing quality software is reduced. Thus,
during feasibility analysis for this project, following three primary areas
of interest were considered very carefully.

2.3.1 Technical Feasibility

The technical feasibility study determines the requirements and needs

in the technical fields for the maintenance and implementation of the
proposed computerized system.

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2.3.2 Economical Feasibility

In this aspect, the proposed system is determined whether there are

sufficient benefits in creating the system to make the cost acceptable.

By doing manually, the process of entering statistical records spend too

much money and labor. However, the system will assist this as the client
of this system do the whole work by their own. Thus, the benefits
expected form this system are much compared to the cost incurred.
Hence, the system is economically feasible.

2.3.3 Operational Feasibility

The proposed system will be an application package for purposed. The

system will be designed to be interactive and user friendly. Therefore, the
system is feasible in terms of its operational aspects.

2.4 Methodology

In any software project, a well design plan is necessary. Without such a

plan project, failure is sure to happen. Therefore, we need to formulate a
strategy, which should room for the methodology of the project
development. Though there are numerous model of software development
followed by many big companies and even taught in classes, not all of
them are applicable in web based application development. If we plan to
use Waterfall Model in developing our web need to strictly, adhere to the
preplanned project phases while targeting the completion of the project.
However, changes are inevitable in a web-based application. Changes,
which come after project completion, are normal and we can easily fill
the gap. However, changes, which arise during the project development
phase, are very problematic. Waterfall model is very easy compared to its
counterparts. However, its sequential nature is a limitation for the web-
based application.

So, we a slight modification of the waterfall model to achieve our

desired target. For this we select the incremental model which is an
intuitive approach to the waterfall model. Multiple development cycles
take place here, making the life cycle iteration passes through the
requirements, design, implementation and testing phases.

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A working version of software is produced during the first iteration, so
we have working software early on during the software life cycle.
Subsequent iterations build on the initial software produced during the
first iteration.

2.5 Cost and Benefit Analysis

Before implementation of any system a thorough cost and benefit
analysis is required. For the implementation of this, the system must
invest certain amount of money which will later be incurred. The analysis
of cost is done under the following heads viz. hardware, personnel,
facility, operating and supply cost.

Personal costs include electronic data processing staff salaries. Facility

costs are expenses increased in the preparation of the physical site where
the application or the computer will be in operation. This includes wiring,
flooring, acoustics, and lighting and air-conditioning etc. that are treated
as onetime cost. Operating cost include all costs associated with the day-
to-day operation of the system. Supply costs are variable and increase
with the increases use of paper ribbons, disks and the likes.

Error control and reduction of staff i.e. minimizing of costs of

expenditure on staff and timely generation of useful report will be
achieved, if the employee are trained to use the system, the system is
most beneficial. Once the system is installed, it will function properly.
The features we provide here will give the expected performance and it
will not change.

Even after operating for some years, when the administration wants to
upgrade the system they can do so which means the computer operator
whom the administration will engaged to monitor the system will be able
to handle next upgraded version of the product with ease. More over the
system will facilitate timely generation of reports, which is of immense
value to the management section of the administration. This timely
generation of useful and meaningful reports is the one of benefits of the
authority wants.

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2.6 Software and Hardware used

2.6.1 Hardware Specification

 Laptop

Processor :
Intel(R) Core(TM) i3-7020U
CPU @ 2.30 GHz
RAM : 8 GB
SSD : 256 GB
Display Resolution: 1920 × 1080
 USB Scroll Mouse
 Wired Keyboard
 Pen drive

2.6.2 Software Specification (Server Side)

 OPERATING SYSTEM: Windows 10

 SERVER: XAMPP server
 USER INTERFACE: HTML, CSS, Bootstrap,
JavaScript
 FRONT-END: Browsers
 BACK-END: MySQL
 BACK-END scripting: PHP
 WEB-SERVER: Apache web server
 Project Development IDE: Visual Studio
 BROWSERS: Microsoft Edge, Google
Chrome, etc.

2.6.3 Software Specification (Client Side)

 XP-SP2 or other Windows new higher versions

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 BROWSERS: Optimized for Google Chrome and other
compatible browsers such as Microsoft Edge, Netscape
Navigator, Mozilla Firefox, and Opera etc.

Chapter 3

Technologies Used

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3.1 Technologies Used

The development of any system starts with an explicit and

accomplished study of the available tools and the environment. The
capacity and feature of the system to be developed depends on the
software use for the development. The environment plays an important
role. Since, it should be capable of supporting all the facilities to be
incorporated to the system, hardware support is also important. The
considerations for developing the system are the graphical users’
interfaces and mouse facility.

A brief description of the environment (operating system) and the tools

are lists are follows:

3.1.1 Window 10

Windows 10 is a series of operating systems developed by Microsoft

and released as part of its Windows NT family of operating systems. It is
the successor to Windows 8.1, released nearly two years earlier, and was
released to manufacturing on July 15, 2015, and broadly released for the
general public on July 29, 2015. Windows 10 was made available for
download via MSDN and TechNet, and as a free upgrade for retail copies
of Windows 8 and Windows 8.1 users via the Windows Store. Windows
10 receives new builds on an ongoing basis, which are available at no
additional cost to users, in addition to additional test builds of Windows
10, which are available to Windows Insiders.

3.1.2 XAMPP Server

XAMPP is an abbreviation where X stands for Cross-Platform, A

stands for Apache, M stands for MySQL, and the Ps stand for PHP and
Perl, respectively. It is an open-source package of web solutions that
includes Apache distribution for many servers and command-line

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executable along with modules such as Apache Server, Maria DB, PHP,
and Perl.

XAMPP helps a local host or server to test its website and clients via
computers and laptops before releasing it to the main server. It is a
platform that furnishes a suitable environment to test and verify the
working of projects based on Apache, Perl, MySQL database, and PHP
through the system of the host itself. Among these technologies, Perl is a
programming language used for web development, PHP is a backend
scripting language, and Maria DB is the most vividly used database
developed by MySQL.

3.1.3 HTML

Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) is the standard markup language

for creating web pages and web applications. With Cascading Style
Sheets (CSS) and JavaScript, it forms a triad of cornerstone technologies
for the World Wide Web. Web browsers receive HTML documents from
a web server or local storage and render them into multimedia web pages.
HTML describes the structure of a web page semantically and originally
included cues for the appearance of the document.
HTML elements are the building blocks of HTML pages. With HTML
constructs, images and other objects, such as interactive forms, may be
embedded into the rendered page. It provides a means to create structured
documents by denoting structural semantics for text such as headings,
paragraphs, lists, links, quotes, and other items. HTML elements are
delineated by tags, written using angle brackets. Browsers do not display
the HTML tags but use them to interpret the content of the page.
HTML can embed programs written in a scripting language such as
JavaScript which affects the behavior and content of web pages. The
inclusion of CSS defines the look and layout of content. The World Wide
Web Consortium (W3C), the maintainer of both the HTML and the CSS
standards, has encouraged the use of CSS over explicit presentational
HTML since 1997.

 HTML is the standard markup language for creating Web pages.

 HTML stands for Hypertext Markup Language
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 HTML describes the structure of Web pages using markup
 HTML elements are the building blocks of HTML pages
 HTML elements are represented by tags
 HTML tags label pieces of content such as "heading", "paragraph",
"table", and so on.

3.1.4 CSS

Cascading Style Sheets, fondly referred to as CSS, is a simple design

language intended to simplify the process of making web pages
presentable.
CSS handles the look and feel part of a web page. Using CSS, you can
control the color of the text, the style of fonts, the spacing between
paragraphs, how columns are sized and laid out, what background images
or colors are used, layout designs, and variations in display for different
devices, and screen sizes as well as a variety of other effects. CSS is easy
to learn and understand but it provides powerful control over the
presentation of an HTML document. Most commonly, CSS is combined
with the markup languages HTML or XHTML.

Advantages of CSS
CSS saves time – You can write CSS once and then reuse the same
sheet in multiple HTML pages. You can define a style for each HTML
element and apply it to as many Web pages as you want.
• Pages load faster – If you are using CSS, you do not need to write
HTML tag attributes every time. Just write one CSS rule of a tag and
apply it to all the occurrences of that tag. So less code means faster
download times.
• Easy maintenance – To make a global change, simply change the
style, and all elements in all the web pages will be updated automatically.
• Superior styles to HTML - CSS has a much wider array of attributes
than HTML, so you can give a far better look to your HTML page in
comparison to HTML attributes
• Multiple Device Compatibility – Style sheets allow content to be
optimized for more than one type of device. By using the same HTML
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document, different versions of a website can be presented for handheld
devices such as PDAs and cell phones or printing.
Global web standards - Now HTML attributes are being deprecated
and it is being recommended to use CSS. So it's a good idea to start using
CSS in all the HTML pages to make them compatible with future
browsers.

3.1.5 Bootstrap

Bootstrap is a free and open source front-end library for designing

websites and web applications. It contains HTML and CSS- based
component, as well as optional JavaScript extensions. Unlike many web
framework, it concerns itself with front-end development only. Bootstrap
is a modular and consist of a series of less style sheet that implement the
various component of toolkits. These style sheets are generally compiled
into bundle and include into webpages, but individual components can be
include or removed. Bootstrap provide a number of configuration
variables that control things such as color and padding of various
components.
Since Bootstrap 2, the bootstrap documentation has included a
customization wizard which generate a customize version of bootstrap
based on the requested component and various settings. As of bootstrap 4,
Sass is used instead of less for the style sheets.
Each bootstrap components consist of an HTML structure, CSS
declarations, and in some cases accompanying JavaScript code.
Grid system and responsive design come standard with an 1170 pixel
wide grid layout. Alternatively, the developer can use a variable-width
layout. For both cases, the toolkit has four variations to make use of
different resolutions and types of devices: mobile phones, portrait and
landscape, tablets and PCs with low and high resolution. Each variation
adjusts the width of the columns.

3.1.6 PHP

PHP: Hypertext Pre-processor is a widely used, general-purpose

scripting language that was originally designed for web development to

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produce dynamic web pages. For this purpose, PHP code is embedded
into the HTML source document and interpreted by a web server with a
PHP processor module, which generates the web page document. As a
general-purpose programming language, PHP code is processed by an
interpreter application in command-line mode performing desired
operating system operations and producing program output on its
standard output channel. It may also function as a graphical application.
PHP is available as a processor for most modern web servers and as a
standalone interpreter on most operating systems and computing
platforms.
PHP stores whole numbers in a platform-dependent range. This range
is typically that of 32-bit signed integers. Unsigned integers are converted
to signed values in certain situations, this behavior is different from other
programming languages. Integer variables can be assigned using decimal
(positive and negative), octal, and hexadecimal notations. Point numbers
are also stored in a platform-specific range. They can be specified using
floating-point notation, or two forms of scientific notation. PHP has a
native Boolean type that is similar to the native Boolean types in Java and
CH. Using the Boolean type conversion rules, non-zero values are
interpreted as true and zero as false, as in Perl and Ch. The null data type
represents a variable that has no value. The only value in the null data
type is NULL. Variables of the "resource" type represent references to
resources from external sources. These are typically created by functions
from a particular extension, and can only be processed by functions from
the same extension; examples include file, image, and database resources.
Arrays can contain elements of any type that PHP can handle, including
resources, objects, and even other arrays. Order is preserved in lists of
values and hashes with both keys and values, and the two can be
intermingled. PHP also supports strings, which can be used with single
quotes, double quotes, or here doc syntax

Why PHP?
PHP is one of the most popular server-side scripting languages running
today. It is used for creating dynamic Web Pages that interact with the
user offering customized information. PHP offers many advantages, it is
fast, stable, secure, easy to use, and open-source (free).
• User friendly
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• GUI
• Separation of work (designing & coding)
• Written once run anywhere
• PHP API

3.1.7 JavaScript

JavaScript is a lightweight object-oriented programming language that

is used by several websites for scripting the webpages. It is an interpreter,
full-fledged programming language that enables dynamic interactivity on
websites when applied to an HTML document. It was introduced in the
year 1995 for adding programs to the webpages in the Netscape
Navigator browser. Since then, it has been adopted by all other graphical
web browsers. With JavaScript, users can build modern web applications
to interact directly without reloading the page every time. The traditional
website uses js to provide several forms of interactivity and simplicity.

Although, JavaScript has no connectivity with the Java programming

language. The name was suggested and provided in the times when Java
was gaining popularity in the market. In addition to web browsers,
databases such as CouchDB and MongoDB uses JavaScript as their
scripting and query language.
These are the following features of JavaScript:
 All popular web browsers support JavaScript as they provide
built-in execution environments.
 JavaScript follows the syntax and structure of the C
programming language. Thus, it is a structured programming
language.
 JavaScript is a weakly typed language, where certain types are
implicitly cast.
 JavaScript is an object-oriented programming language that uses
prototypes rather than using classes for inheritance.
 It is a light-weighted and interpreted language.
 It is a case-sensitive language.
 JavaScript is supportable in several operating systems including,
Windows, macOS, etc.

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 It provides good control to the users over the web browsers.

3.1.8 MySQL

MySQL, pronounced either "My S-Q-L" or "My Sequel," and is a

freely available open-source Relational Database Management System
(RDBMS) that uses Structured Query Language (SQL). SQL is the most
popular language for adding, accessing, and managing content in a
database. It is most noted for its quick processing, proven reliability, ease,
and flexibility of use. MySQL is an essential part of almost every open-
source PHP application. Good examples for PHP/MySQL-based scripts
are phpBB, osCommerce, and Joomla,
MySQL can be used for a variety of applications but is most
commonly found on Web servers. A website that uses MySQL may
include Web pages that access information from a database. These pages
are often referred to as "dynamic," meaning the content of each page is
generated from a database as the page loads. Websites that use dynamic
Web pages are often referred to as database-driven websites. Many
database-driven websites that use MySQL also use a Web scripting
language like PHP to access information from the database. MySQL
commands can be incorporated into the PHP code, allowing part or all of
a Web page to be generated from database information. Because both
MySQL and PHP are open source, the PHP/MySQL combination has
become a popular choice for database-driven websites.

3.1.9 Google Chrome

Google chrome is a cross platform web browser developed by google.

It was first released in 2008, for Microsoft window built with free
software components from Apple webKit and mozilla fox. It was later
ported to linux, macOS, iOS, and android where it is default browser built
into OS. The browser is also the main component of Chrome OS, where it
serves as the platform for web applications.

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3.1.10 Visual Studio

Visual Studio Code is a lightweight but powerful source code editor

which runs on your desktop and is available for Windows, MacOS and
Linux. It comes with built-in support for JavaScript, Typescript and
Node.js and has a rich ecosystem of extensions for other languages and
runtimes (such as C++, C#, Java, Python, PHP, Go, .NET).

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Chapter 4

System Design

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Chapter 4

System Design

4.1 Introduction:

The actual design of a system starts from the system design phase. If
the analysis of the system is done fairly, the design of the system is a
success one. The design of the system may be viewed under the following
heads:

i) Database design: It is to determine how the access paths are to be

implemented. A physical path is derived from a logical path. The
designing of the database is an important task. A database designer must
have a faired knowledge of database of the system. As good as the
database design is, the easy is the coding of the system.

ii) Program design: In combination with the file design, it is to make

decision on which programming language to be used and the
flowcharting, coding and debugging procedure prior to conversion. The
operating system limits the programming language that runs on the
system.

When the designing of the system is under process and the

programming is begun, the plans and the test cases for implementation
are required. This means that there must be detailed schedules for system
testing and training of the user staffs. Plan training allows time for user to
sell the software to those who deal with it in a regular basis.
Consequently, user resistance should be minimized. Acceptance testing is
conducted in the presence of the user, audit representative or the entire
staffs.

iii) Audit consideration: A well design system should have controlled to

ensure the proper operation and the routine audition. A candidate system
might fail and often results to lack of emphasis on data control, standard
of accuracy, consistency and maintainability of the system.

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In computer based system, the number of persons involved is reduced
considerably. A software package is an effective substitute for human
judgment in processing routines and error checking. The design phase
focuses on the detailed implementation of the system recommended in the
feasibility study. Emphasis is on translating performance specifications
into design specifications. The design phase is a translation from a user-
oriented document to a document-oriented to the programmers or
database personnel.

4.2 Users Groups:

1. Administrator (Web Master) 2.user/hosteller

1. Administrator:

The administrator is the supervisor of the system Hostel Management

System who is responsible for complete/overall administration of the
entire portal. This user has the power to read, edit and delete users.
He/she is able to modify any or every data being maintained in the
Hostel Management System database.

2. User:

These are normal web users who have been registered but have not
privilege to modify or consume the Hostel Management System. These
users have the power to read their current status and other information
relating to their activities.

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4.3 Database Design- Table Structures

The general theme behind a database is to handle information as an

integrated whole. A database is a collection of inter-related data stored
with minimum redundancy to serve single users quickly and efficiently.
The general objective is to make information necessary, quick,
inexpensive, and flexible for the user.

Database Name: muhostel

TABLES:

Table 1: admin

Sl.no. Attributes Data type Extra

1 id int(11) AUTO_INCREMENT
2 username varchar(255)
3 email varchar(255)
4 password varchar(300)
5 reg_date timestamp
6 updation_date date

Table 2. Courses

Sl.no. Attributes Data type Extra

1 courses_id int(11) AUTO_INCREMENT
2 course_code varchar(255)
3 course_fn varchar(255)
4 course_sn varchar(255)
5 posting_date timestamp

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Table 3. registration

Sl.no Attribute Data type Extra

.
1 reg_id int(11) AUTO_INCREMENT
2 room_no int(11)
3 seater int(11)
4 feespm int(11)
5 foodstatus int(11)
6 stayfrom date
7 duration int(11)
8 course varchar(50)
9 reg_no Varchar(50)
10 firstName varchar(100)
11 middleName varchar(100)
12 lastName varchar(100)
13 gender varchar(25)
14 contactno bigint(11)
15 emailid varchar(50)
16 egycontactno bigint(11)
17 guardianName varchar(100)
18 guardianRelation varchar(100)
19 guardianContactno bigint(11)
20 corresAddress varchar(100)
21 corresCity varchar(50)
22 corresPincode int(11)
23 pmntAddress varchar(100)
24 pmntcity varchar(50)
25 pmntPincode int(11)
26 postingDate timestamp
27 updationDate varchar(25)

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Table 4. room

Sl.no Attributes Data type Extra

.
1 room_id int(11) AUTO_INCREMENT
2 room_no int(11)
3 seater int(11)
4 fees int(11)
5 posting_date timestamp

Table 5. userlog

Sl.no. Attributes Data type Extra

1 userlog_id int(11) AUTO_INCREMENT
2 userid int(11)
3 userEmail varchar(255)
4 userIp varbinary(16)
5 city varchar(255)
6 country varchar(255)
7 login_Time timestamp

Table 6. userregistration

Sl.no. Attributes Data Type Extra

1 userreg_id int(11) AUTO_INCREMENT
2 regNo varchar(255)
3 firstName varchar(255)
4 middleName varchar(255)
5 lastName varchar(255)
6 Gender varchar(255)
7 contactNo bigint()
8 Email varchar(255)
9 Password varchar(255)
10 regDate timestamp
11 UpdationDate varchar(255)

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Table 7. feepayment

Sl.no. Attributes Data Type Extra

1 fee_id int(11) AUTO_INCREMENT
2 regNo varchar(255)
3 room_no int(11)
4 payment_date timestamp
5 amount int(11)
6 payment_status varchar(255)

Table 8. hostelstaff

Sl.no. Attributes Data Type Extra

1 staff_id int(11) AUTO_INCREMENT
2 staff_name varchar(255)
3 profession varchar(255)
4 contact_no int(11)
5 posting_date timestamp

Database structure

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4.4 Context Diagram
Context diagrams show the interactions between a system and external
factors with which the system is designed to interface. A context diagram
shows the entire system as a single process.

Notation:

 Systems/Processes are shown as circle

 External entities are shown as rectangles

 Data flow are shown as arrow

ADMINISTRATOR

Room Room
Courses Report Data User User register
Data
register Data
Staff
Courses reports
Data Staff
Report
Report

Feepayment
Report Hostel
Feepayment
Data Management
Registration data
USER/HOSTELLER System
Registration report

Room booking data

Store data Data retrieve

Room booking detail

Database

Fig 1. Context Diagram

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4.5 Data Flow Diagram
A data flow diagram is a graphical technique that depicts information
flow and transforms that are applied as data move from input to output.
The DFD is used to represent increasing information flow and functional
details. A level 0 DFD, also called fundamental system model or a
Context model, represents the entire software elements as a single bubble
with input and output indicated by incoming and outgoing arrows
respectively. Additional process and information flow parts are
represented in the next level i.e., Level 1 DFD. Each of the processes
represented at Level 1 is a sub functions of the overall system depicted in
the Context model. Any processes, w in Level 1, will be further
represented into sub-functions of the overall system depicted in the
Context model. Any processes, which are complex in Level 1, will be
further represent into sub-functions in the next level, i.e., in Level 2.

BASIC DFD SYMBOLS:

Rectangle represents external entities, which are sources or destinations

of data.

Circles representing processes, which take data as input, do something to

it and output it.

Arrows representing the data flow, which can either be electronic data
or physical items.

Open-ended rectangles electronic stores sun-ended rectangles

representing data stores including such as databases or XML files and
physical stores such as filing cabinets or stacks of paper.

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Registration Query Details

2.0
ADMINISTRATOR
userregistration
User
Log in
Username/ Registration
Password
Verified Process
Registration details
1.0
Log in
Process

Room data

admin
3.0
Room
Management
rooms
Staff details Process
Room details

Courses data

4.0
Courses details courses
Courses
Management
Staff data
Process

5.0

Staff hostelstaff
Management
Process

Fig 2. DFD- ADMINISTRATOR

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USER 6.0
Query Details registration
Room Booking
Username/
Log in
Password Process
Verified

User and room data rooms

1.0
Log in
Process
courses
User and
fee data

userregistration
7.0
Fee payment
Process
feepayment
Fee details

Print details
data

8.0
Print details Print Process

Fig 3. DFD-USER

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14. Entity Relationship Diagram
The overall logical structure of a database can be expressed graphically by
an Entity-Relationship (ER) diagram. The entity-relationship model for data
uses three features to describe data: Entity, attributes, Relationship. While
drawing, the ER diagram, entity names are represented by a rectangle,
relationships are represented by a diamond and oval shapes represent attributes.

Entities: An entity is a person, place, thing, or event of interest to the

organization and about which data are captured, stored, or processed. For
Example, a student is an entity.

Attributes: Various types of data items that describe an entity are known as
attributes. For Example, name, address, etc.

Relationship: An association of several entities in an entity-relationship model

is known as a relationship.

While drawing ER diagram three symbols are used.

Sl.
NAME SYMBOL DESCRIPTION
No.

1 Rectangle Represent Entities

2 Oval Represent Attributes

Represent Relationship
3 Diamond
Among Entities

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Fig. 4 ER Diagram

4.7 Input and Output Design

Input design

Inaccurate input design data are the most common course of error in data
processing. Errors entered by data entry operators can be controlled by input
design. Input design is the process of converting user-originated inputs to a
computer-based format.

All systems need to include a conversation (though user interfaces)

between user and the system for case of interaction. User requests the system
for services through the dialogue and instruct the system when to perform a
certain function.

Parts of System Design, which deals with the design of interface through
which user communicate, with the system and deeds the inputs data to the
system is known as the Input Design of the system.

The nature of on-line control often makes the deference between a

successful and unacceptable system design. The arrangement of messages and
comments in on-line conversations, as well as the placement of headings, titles
and data on display screen is an important part of System Design. Sketches of
each of these screens are made to communicate the arrangements to users and
the other members of the System Design team for their review.

Output Design

Computer output is the most important and direct source to the user. The
output of a computer system is the primary contact between the system and
most users. Stored result or computed by a computer must be printed or
displayed in order to be beneficial to the users. The Quality of this output and
its usefulness determines whether the system will be or not i.e. computer
produces displays and prints report that are to be read and used by people.
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They must be clear, neat and easy to understand. Hence, it is essential to have
the best possible output.

The part of the system Design which deals with determining how the
output is to be presented, that is in what format or shape, is known as output
design of the system.

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