13.

Complex Numbers
Exercise 13.1
1. Question

Evaluate the following:

(i) i457

(ii) i528

(iii)

(iv)

(v)

(vi) (i77 + i70 + i87 + i414 )3

(vii) (vii) i30 + i40 + i60

(viii) i49 + i68 + i89 + i118

Answer

i. i457 = i (456 + 1)

= i4(114) × i

= (1)114 × i = i since i4 = 1

ii. i528 = i4(132)

= (1)132 =1 since i4 = 1

iii.

since i4 = 1

= – 1 since i2 = – 1

iv.

[since i4 = 1]

v.

= (i – i) = 0

[since ]
vi. (i77 + i70 + i87 + i414 )3 = (i(76 + 1) + i(68 + 2) + i(84 + 3) + i(412 + 2) ) 3

(i77 + i70 + i87 + i414 )3 = (i + i2 + i3 + i2 )3

[since i3 = – i, i2 = – 1]

= (i + (– 1) + (– i) + (– 1))3 = (– 2)3

(i77 + i70 + i87 + i414 )3 = –8

vii. i30 + i40 + i60 = i(28 + 2) + i40 + i60

= (i4)7 i2 + (i4)10 + (i4)15

= i2 + 110 + 115 = – 1 + 1 + 1 = 1

viii. i49 + i68 + i89 + i118 = i(48 + 1) + i68 + i(88 + 1) + i(116 + 2)

= (i4)12 ×i + (i4)17 + (i4)11 ×i + (i4)29 ×i2

= i + 1 + i – 1 = 2i

2. Question

Show that 1 + i10 + i20 + i30 is a real number ?

Answer

1 + i10 + i20 + i30 = 1 + i(8 + 2) + i20 + i(28 + 2)

= 1 + (i4)2 × i2 + (i4)5 + (i4)7 × i2

=1–1+1–1=0

[ since i4 = 1, i2 = – 1]

Hence , 1 + i10 + i20 + i30 is a real number.

3 A. Question

Find the value of following expression:

i49 + i68 + i89 + i110

Answer

i49 + i68 + i89 + i110 = i(48 + 1) + i68 + i(88 + 1) + i(108 + 2)

= (i4)12 × i + (i4)17 + (i4)11 × i + (i4)27 × i2

= i + 1 + i – 1 = 2i

[since i4 = 1, i2 = – 1]

i49 + i68 + i89 + i110 = 2i

3 B. Question

Find the value of following expression:

i30 + i80 + i120

Answer

i30 + i80 + i120 = i(28 + 2) + i80 + i120

= (i4)7 × i2 + (i4)20 + (i4)30

=–1+1+1=1
[since i4 = 1, i2 = – 1]

i30 + i80 + i120 = 1

3 C. Question

Find the value of following expression:

i + i2 + i3 + i4

Answer

i + i2 + i3 + i4 = i + i2 + i2×i + i4

= i – 1 + (– 1)×i + 1

since i4 = 1, i2 = – 1

=i–1–i+1=0

3 D. Question

Find the value of following expression:

i5 + i10 + i15

Answer

i5 + i10 + i15 = i(4 + 1) + i(8 + 2) + i(12 + 3)

= (i4)1×i + (i4)2×i2 + (i4)3×i3

= (i4)1×i + (i4)2×i2 + (i4)3×i2×i

= 1×i + 1×(– 1) + 1×(– 1)×i

=i–1–i=–1

3 E. Question

Find the value of following expression:

Answer

= i10 = i8
i2 = (i4)2 i2 Since i4 = 1, i2 = -1 = (1)2 (-1)
= -1

3 F. Question

Find the value of following expression:

1 + i2 + i4 + i6 + i8 + ... + i20

Answer

1 + i2 + i4 + i6 + i8 + ... + i20 = 1 + (– 1) + 1 + (– 1) + 1 + ... + 1

=1

3 G. Question

Find the value of following expression:

(1 + i)6 + (1 – i)3
Answer

(1 + i)6 + (1 – i) 3 = {(1 + i)2 }3 + (1 – i)2 (1 – i)

= {1 + i2 + 2i}3 + (1 + i2 – 2i)(1 – i)

= {1 – 1 + 2i}3 + (1 – 1 – 2i)(1 – i)

= (2i)3 + (– 2i)(1 – i)

= 8i3 + (– 2i) + 2i2

[since i3 = – i, i2 = – 1]

= – 8i – 2i – 2

= – 10 i – 2

= – 2(1 + 5i)

Exercise 13.2
1 A. Question

Express the following complex numbers in the standard form a + i b :

(1 + i) (1 + 2i)

Answer

Given:

⇒ a+ib = (1+i)(1+2i)

⇒ a+ib = 1(1+2i)+i(1+2i)

⇒ a+ib = 1+2i+i+2i2

We know that i2=-1

⇒ a+ib = 1+3i+2(-1)

⇒ a+ib = 1+3i-2

⇒ a+ib=-1+3i

∴ The values of a, b are -1, 3.

1 B. Question

Express the following complex numbers in the standard form a + i b :

Answer

Given:

Multiplying and dividing with -2-i

We know that i2=-1

∴ The values of a, b are .

1 C. Question

Express the following complex numbers in the standard form a + i b :

Answer

Given:

We know that i2=-1

Multiplying and diving with 3-4i

∴ The values of a, b is .

1 D. Question

Express the following complex numbers in the standard form a + i b :

Answer

Given:

Multiplying and dividing by 1-i

We know that i2=-1

∴ The values of a, b is 0, -1.

1 E. Question

Express the following complex numbers in the standard form a + i b :

Answer

Given:

We know that i2=-1

Multiplying and dividing with 2-3i

We know that i2=-1

∴ The values of a, b are .

1 F. Question

Express the following complex numbers in the standard form a + i b :

Given:

We know that i2=-1

Multiplying and dividing with 1+i

∴ The values of a, b are ,1.

1 G. Question

Express the following complex numbers in the standard form a + i b :

Answer

Given:

Multiplying and dividing with 4-5i

We know that i2=-1

∴ The values of a, b are .

1 H. Question

Express the following complex numbers in the standard form a + i b :

Answer

Given:

We know that i2=-1

Multiplying and diving with 1-i

We know that i2=-1

⇒ a+ib=-3-i

∴ The values of a, b are -3, -1.

1 I. Question

Express the following complex numbers in the standard form a + i b :

(1 + 2i)-3

Answer

Given:

⇒ a+ib=(1+2i)-3

⇒
⇒

We know that i2=-1

Multiplying and dividing with 3-2i

∴ the values of a, b are .

1 J. Question

Express the following complex numbers in the standard form a + i b :

Answer

Given:

We know that i2=-1

Multiplying and dividing with 6-2i

⇒
⇒

∴ The values of a, b are .

1 K. Question

Express the following complex numbers in the standard form a + i b :

Answer

Given:

We know that i2=-1

Multiplying and dividing with 28+10i

⇒
∴ The values of a, b is

1 L. Question

Express the following complex numbers in the standard form a + i b :

Answer

Given:

Multiplying and dividing with 1+ i

We know that i2=-1

∴ The values of a, b are 1, 2 .

2 A. Question

Find the real values of x and y, if

(x + i y) (2 – 3i) = 4 + i

Answer

Given:

⇒ (x+iy)(2-3i)=4+i

⇒ x(2-3i)+iy(2-3i)=4+i

⇒ 2x-3xi+2yi-3yi2=4+i

We know that i2=-1

⇒ 2x+(-3x+2y)i-3y(-1)=4+i

⇒ (2x+3y)+(-3x+2y)=4+i

Equating Real and Imaginary parts on both sides, we get

⇒ 2x+3y=4 and -3x+2y=1

On solving we get,

⇒
∴ The real values of x and y are .

2 B. Question

Find the real values of x and y, if

(3x – 2i y) (2 + i)2 = 10 (1 + i)

Answer

Given:

⇒ (3x-2iy)(2+i)2=10(1+i)

⇒ (3x-2yi)(22+i2+2(2)(i))=10+10i

We know that i2=-1

⇒ (3x-2yi)(4+(-1)+4i)=10+10i

⇒ (3x-2yi)(3+4i)=10+10i

Dividing with 3+4i on both sides

Multiplying and dividing with 3-4i

Equating Real and Imaginary parts on both sides we get

∴ The values of x and y are .

2 C. Question

Find the real values of x and y, if

Answer

Given:

⇒
⇒

We know that i2=-1

⇒ (4+2i)x-3i-3+(9-7i)y=10i

⇒ (4x+9y-3)+i(2x-7y-3)=10i

Equating Real and Imaginary parts on both sides we get

⇒ 4x+9y-3=0 and 2x-7y-3=10

⇒ 4x+9y=3 and 2x-7y=13

On solving these equations we get

⇒ x=3 and y=-1

∴ Thee real values of x and y are 3 and -1

2 D. Question

Find the real values of x and y, if

(1 + i) (x + i y) = 2 – 5i

Answer

Given:

⇒ (1+i)(x+iy)=2-5i

Dividing with 1+i on both sides we get

Multiplying and dividing with 1-i

We know that i2=-1

Equating Real and Imaginary parts on both sides we get

∴ The real values of x and y are .

Find the conjugates of the following complex numbers:

4–5i

Answer

Given complex number is 4-5i

We know that conjugate of a complex number a+ib is a-ib

∴ The conjugate of 4-5i is 4+5i.

3 B. Question

Find the conjugates of the following complex numbers:

Answer

Given

complex number is

Let us convert this to standard form a+ib,

Multiplying and dividing with 3-5i

We know that i2=-1

We know that complex conjugate of a complex number a+ib is a-ib.

∴ The conjugate of is .

3 C. Question

Find the conjugates of the following complex numbers:

Answer

Given complex number is

Let us convert this to the standard form a+ib

Multiplying and dividing with 1-i

We know that i2=-1

We know that complex conjugate of a complex number a+ib is a-ib.

∴ The conjugate of is

3 D. Question

Find the conjugates of the following complex numbers:

Answer

Given complex number is

Let us convert this to the standard form a+ib

We know that i2=-1

Multiplying and dividing with 2-i

We know that i2=-1

⇒ a+ib=2-4i

We know that the complex conjugate of a complex number a+ib is a-ib

⇒ a-ib=2+4i
∴ the conjugate of is 2+4i.

3 E. Question

Find the conjugates of the following complex numbers:

Answer

Given complex number is

Let us convert this to the standard form a+ib

We know that i2=-1

Multiplying and dividing with 3-i

We know that complex conjugate of a complex number a+ib is a-ib

∴ The conjugate of is .

3 F. Question

Find the conjugates of the following complex numbers:

Answer

Given complex number is

Let us convert this into the standard form a+ib

We know that i2=-1

Multiplying and dividing with 4-3i

We know that the complex conjugate of a complex number a+ib is a-ib

∴ The conjugate of complex number is .

4 A. Question

Find the multiplicative inverse of the following complex numbers :

1–i

Answer

Given complex number is Z=1-i

We know that the multiplicative inverse of a complex number Z is .

Multiplying and dividing with 1+i

We know that i2=-1

∴ The Multiplicative inverse of 1-i is

4 B. Question
Find the multiplicative inverse of the following complex numbers :

(1 + i √3)2

Answer

Given complex number is Z=(1+ i)2

⇒ Z=1 2+( i)2+2(1)( i)

⇒ Z=1+3i2+2 i

We know that i2=-1

⇒ Z=1+3(-1)+2 i

⇒ Z=-2+2 i

We know that the multiplicative inverse of a complex number Z is .

Multiplying and dividing with -2-2 i

∴ The Multiplicative inverse of (1+ i)2 is .

4 C. Question

Find the multiplicative inverse of the following complex numbers :

4–3i

Answer

Given complex number is Z=4-3i

We know that the multiplicative inverse of a complex number Z is .

Multiplying and dividing with 4+3i

We know that i2=-1

∴ The Multiplicative inverse of 4-3i is .

4 D. Question

Find the multiplicative inverse of the following complex numbers :

√5 + 3i

Answer

Given complex number is Z= +3i

We know that the multiplicative inverse of a complex number Z is .

Multiplying and dividing with -3i

We know that i2=-1

∴ The Multiplicative inverse of +3i is .

5. Question

If z1 = 2 – i, z2 = 1 + i, find

Answer

Given:

⇒ z1=2-i and z2=1+i

We have to find

We know that is

⇒
We know that |a+ib| is .

∴ The value of is .

6. Question

If z1 = 2 – i, z2 = -2 + i, find

i.

ii.

Answer

Given:

⇒ z1=2-i and z2=-2+i

i. We need to find

∴ The Real part of is -2.

ii. We need to find

We know that

We know that for a complex number Z=a+ib it’s magnitude is given by

∴ The Imaginary part of the is .

7. Question
Find the modulus of

Answer

Given complex number is

We know that i2=-1

⇒ Z=2i

We know that for a complex number Z=a+ib it’s magnitude is given by

⇒ |Z|=2

∴ The modulus of is 2

8. Question

If prove that x2 + y2 = 1

Answer

Given:

We know that for a complex number Z=a+ib it’s magnitude is given by

We know that is

Applying Modulus on both sides we get,

Squaring on both sides

⇒ x2+y2=1

∴ Thus Proved.
9. Question

Find the least positive integral value of n for which is real.

Answer

Let us assume the given complex number be

Multiplying and dividing with 1+i

We know that i2=-1

We know that i2k is real for k>0.

So, the smallest positive integral ‘n’ that can make real is 2.

∴ The smallest positive integral value of ‘n’ is 2.

10. Question

Find the real values of θ for which the complex number is purely real.

Answer

Let us assume the given complex number as

Multiplying and dividing with 1+2icos

We know that i2=-1

For a complex number to be purely real, the imaginary part equals to zero.

⇒
⇒ 3cos =0 (∵ 1+4cos2θ≥1)

⇒ cos θ=0

⇒ , for n I

∴ The values of θ to get the complex number to be purely real is for n I.

11. Question

Find the smallest positive integer value of n for which is a real number.

Answer

Let us write the given complex number as

Multiplying and dividing with (1-i)2

We know that i2=-1

We know that i2k is real for k≥0.

∴ The least positive integral of n is 1.

12. Question

If find (x, y)

Answer

Given:

Rationalising denominator

⇒
⇒

We know that i2=-1

⇒ i3–(-i)3=x+iy

⇒ 2i3=x+iy

⇒ 2i2.i=x+iy

⇒ 2(-1)i=x+iy

⇒ -2i=x+iy

Equating Real and Imaginary parts on both sides we get

⇒ x=0 and y=-2

∴ The values of x and y are 0 and -2.

13. Question

If find x + y.

Answer

Given:

We know that i2=-1

Multiplying and dividing with 2+i

Equating Real and Imaginary parts on both sides we get

⇒
⇒

∴ The value of x+y is .

14. Question

If find (a, b).

Answer

Given:

We know that i2=-1

⇒ (-i)100=a+ib

⇒ i100=a+ib

⇒ (i2)50 =a+ib

⇒ (-1)50 =a+ib

⇒ 1=a+ib

Equating Real and Imaginary parts on both sides we get

⇒ a=1 and b=0

∴ The values of a and b are 1 and 0.

15. Question

If a = cos θ + i sin θ, find the value of

Answer

Given:

⇒ a=cosθ+isinθ

We know that 1+cos2θ=2cos2θ, 1-cos2θ=2sin2θ and sin2θ=2sinθcosθ

We know that i2=-1

∴ The value of is

16 A. Question

Evaluate the following :

2x3 + 2x2 – 7x + 72, when

Answer

Given:

⇒ 2x3+2x2-7x+72

We know that i2=-1

⇒
⇒

⇒ -68+72

⇒4

∴ 2x3+2x2-7x+72=4

16 B. Question

Evaluate the following :

x4 – 4x3 + 4x2 + 8x + 44, when x = 3 + 2i

Answer

Given:

⇒ x=3+2i

⇒ x4-4x 3+4x2+8x+44

⇒ (3+2i)4-4(3+2i)3+4(3+2i)2+8(3+2i)+44

⇒ (34+4(3)3(2i)+6(3)2(2i)2+4(3)(2i)3+(2i)4)-4(3 3+3(3)2(2i)+3(3)(2i)2+(2i)3)+4(32+(2i)2+2(3)
(2i))+24+16i+44

⇒ 81+216i+216i2+96i3+16i4-108-216i-144i2-32i3+36+16i2+48i+24+16i+44

We know that i2=-1

⇒ 77+64i+88i2+64i3+16i4

⇒ 77+64i+88(-1)+64(-1)(i)+16(-1)2

⇒5

∴ x4-4x 3+4x2+8x+44=5

16 C. Question

Evaluate the following :

x4 + 4x3 + 6x2 + 4x + 9, when x = - 1 + i√2

Answer

Given:

⇒ x=-1+i

⇒ x+1=i

⇒ (x+1) 4=(i )4

⇒ x4+4x3+6x2+4x+1=2i4

We know that i2=-1

⇒ x4+4x3+6x2+4x+1=2

⇒ x4+4x3+6x2+4x+1+8=2+8

⇒ x4+4x3+6x2+4x+9=10

∴ x4+4x3+6x2+4x+9=10

16 D. Question

Evaluate the following :

x6 + x4 + x2 + 1, when .

Answer

Given:

⇒ x6+x4+x2+1

⇒ x4(x2+1)+1(x2+1)

⇒ (x4+1)(x 2+1)

We know that i2=-1

⇒ (-1+1)(i+1)

⇒ (0)(i+1)

⇒0

∴ x6+x4+x2+1=0

16 E. Question

Evaluate the following :

2x4 + 5x3 + 7x2 – x + 41, when x = - 2 - √3i

Answer
Given:

⇒ x=-2- i

⇒ 2x4+5x3+7x2-x+41

⇒ 2(-2- )4+5(-2- i)3+7(-2- i)2-(-2- i)+41

⇒ 2(2 4+4(2)3( i)+6(2)2( i)2+4(2)( i)3+( i)4)-5(2 3+3(2)2( i)+3(2)( i)2+( i)3)+7(22+2(2)( i)+(
i)2)+2+ i+41

⇒ 16+64 i+144i2+48 i3+18i4-40-60 i-90i2-15 i3+28+28 i+21i2+ i+43

We know that i2=-1

⇒ 127+33 i+75i2+33 i3+18i4

⇒ 127+33 i+75(-1)+33 (-1)(i)+18(-1)2

⇒ 70

∴ 2x4+5x3+7x2-x+41=70

17. Question

For a positive integer n, find the value of

Answer

Given:

We know that i2=-1

∴ The values of .

18. Question

If then show that

Answer

Given:

⇒ (1+i)z=(1-i)

Dividing with (1+i) on both sides we get,

We know that i2=-1

⇒ z=-i

∴ Thus proved

19. Question

Solve the system of equations Re(z2) = 0, |z| = 2.

Answer

Given:

⇒ Re(z2)=0 and |z|=2

Let us assume Z=x+iy

⇒ Re(z2)=0

⇒ Re((x+iy)2)=0

⇒ Re(x2+(iy)2+2(x)(iy))=0

⇒ Re(x2+i2y2+i(2xy))=0

We know that i2=-1

⇒ Re(x2-y2+i(2xy))=0

⇒ x2-y2=0----------------------(1)

⇒ |z|=2

⇒ (x2+y2)=22

⇒ (x2+y2)=4-------------------(2)

Solving (1) and (2) we get

⇒ x= and y= .

∴ .

20. Question

If is purely imaginary number (z ≠ – 1), find the value of |z|.

Answer
Given:

⇒ is purely imaginary

⇒ Let us assume , where K is any real number

Let us assume z=x+iy

Multiplying and dividing with (x+1)-iy

We know that i2=-1

Equating Real and Imaginary parts on both sides we get

⇒ x2+y2-1=0

⇒ x2+y2=1

⇒ |z|=1

∴ |z|=1

21. Question

If z1 is a complex number other than -1 such that |z1| = 1 and then show that the real parts of z2

is zero.

Answer

Given:

Let us assume z1=x+iy

⇒ |Z1|=1

⇒ x2+y2=1-------------------(1)

⇒
⇒

We know that i2=-1

∴ z2 is an imaginary one.

22. Question

If |z + 1| = z + 2(1 + i), find z.

Answer

Given:

⇒ |z+1|=z+2(1+i)

Let us assume z=x+iy

⇒ |x+iy+1|=x+iy+2+2i

Equating Real and Imaginary parts on both sides

⇒ y+2=0

⇒ y=-2----------------(1)

⇒ (x+1) 2+y2=(x+2)2

⇒ x2+2x+1+(-2)2=x2+4x+4

⇒ 2x=1+4-4

⇒ 2x=1

⇒ .

∴ .

23. Question

Solve the equation |z| = z + 1 + 2i.

Given:

⇒ |z|=z+1+2i

Let us assume z=x+iy

⇒ |x+iy|=x+iy+1+2i

Equating Real and Imaginary parts on both sides we get

⇒ y+2=0

⇒ y=-2-----------------------(1)

⇒ x2+(-2)2=(x+1)2

⇒ x2+4=x2+2x+1

⇒ 2x=3

∴ .

24. Question

What is the smallest positive integer n for which (1 + i)2n = (1 – i)2n ?

Answer

Given:

⇒ (1+i)2n =(1-i)2n

⇒ ((1+i)2)n=((1-i)2)n

⇒ (12+i2+2(1)(i))n=(12+i2-2(1)(i))n

We know that i2=-1

⇒ (1-1+2i)n=(1-1-2i)n

⇒ (2i)n=(-2i)n

We can see that the Relation holds only when n is an even integer.

∴ The smallest positive integer n is 2.

25. Question

If z1, z2, z3 are complex numbers such that then find the value of |z1 +

z2 + z3|.

Answer

Given:

⇒
⇒

We know that z =|z|2

We know that |z|=| |

∴ |z1+z2+z3|=1.

26. Question

Find the number of solutions of z2 + |z|2 = 0.

Answer

Given:

⇒ z2+|z|2=0

Let us assume z=x+iy

⇒ x2+(iy)2+2(x)(iy)+x2+y2=0

⇒ 2x2+y2+i2y2+i2xy=0

We know that i2=-1

⇒ 2x2+y2-y2+i2xy=0

⇒ 2x2+i2xy=0

Equating Real and Imaginary parts on both sides we get,

⇒ 2x2=0 and 2xy=0

⇒ x=0 and y R

∴ z=0+iy where y R. i.e, Infinite solutions.

Exercise 13.3
1 A. Question

Find the square root of the following complex numbers :

-5 + 12i

Answer

Given:

⇒ x+iy=-5+12i

Here y>0

We know that for a complex number z=a+ib

∴ .

1 B. Question

Find the square root of the following complex numbers :

-7 – 24i

Answer

Given:

⇒ x+iy=-7+24i

Here y<0

We know that for a complex number z=a+ib

⇒
⇒

∴ .

1 C. Question

Find the square root of the following complex numbers :

1–i

Answer

Given:

⇒ x+iy=1-i

Here y<0

We know that for a complex number z=a+ib

⇒
⇒

∴ .

1 D. Question

Find the square root of the following complex numbers :

-8 – 6i

Answer

Given:

⇒ x+iy=-8-6i

Here y<0

We know that for a complex number z=a+ib

∴ .

1 E. Question
Find the square root of the following complex numbers :

8 – 15i

Answer

Given:

⇒ x+iy=8-15i

Here y<0

We know that for a complex number z=a+ib

∴ .

1 F. Question

Find the square root of the following complex numbers :

-11 – 60 √-1

Answer

Given:

⇒ x+iy=-11-60i
Here y<0

We know that for a complex number z=a+ib

∴ .

1 G. Question

Find the square root of the following complex numbers :

1 + 4 √-3

Answer

Given:

Here y>0
We know that for a complex number z=a+ib

1 H. Question

Find the square root of the following complex numbers :

4i

Answer

Given:

⇒ x+iy=4i

Here y>0

We know that for a complex number z=a+ib

∴ .

1 I. Question

Find the square root of the following complex numbers :

-i

Answer

Given:

⇒ x+iy=-i

Here y<0

We know that for a complex number z=a+ib

⇒
⇒

∴ .

Exercise 13.4
1 A. Question

Find the modulus and argument of the following complex numbers and hence express each of them in the
polar form :

1+i

Answer

Given complex number is Z=1+i

We know that the polar form of a complex number Z=x+iy is given by Z=|Z|(cosθ+isinθ)

Where,

|Z|=modulus of complex number=

θ =arg(z)=argument of complex number=

Now for the given problem,

Since x>0,y>0 complex number lies in 1st quadrant and the value of θ will be as follows 00≤θ≤900.

⇒ .

∴ The Polar form of Z=1+i is .

1 B. Question

Find the modulus and argument of the following complex numbers and hence express each of them in the
polar form :

√3 + i

Answer

Given Complex number is Z= +i

We know that the polar form of a complex number Z=x+iy is given by Z=|Z|(cosθ+isinθ)
Where,

|Z|=modulus of complex number=

θ =arg(z)=argument of complex number=

Now for the given problem,

Since x>0,y>0 complex number lies in 1st quadrant and the value of θ will be as follows 00≤θ≤900.

⇒ .

∴ The Polar form of Z= +i is .

1 C. Question

Find the modulus and argument of the following complex numbers and hence express each of them in the
polar form :

1–i

Answer

Given complex number is z=1-i

We know that the polar form of a complex number Z=x+iy is given by Z=|Z|(cosθ+isinθ)

Where,

|Z|=modulus of complex number=

θ =arg(z)=argument of complex number=

Now for the given problem,

Since x>0,y<0 complex number lies in 4th quadrant and the value of θ will be as follows -900≤θ≤00.

⇒ .
⇒

∴ The Polar form of Z=1+i is .

1 D. Question

Find the modulus and argument of the following complex numbers and hence express each of them in the
polar form :

Answer

Given complex number is

We know that i2=-1

⇒ z=0-i

We know that the polar form of a complex number Z=x+iy is given by Z=|Z|(cosθ+isinθ)

Where,

|Z|=modulus of complex number=

θ =arg(z)=argument of complex number=

Now for the given problem,

⇒ |z|=1

Since x≥0,y<0 complex number lies in 4th quadrant and the value of θ will be as follows -900≤θ≤00.

⇒ .
⇒

∴ The Polar form of is .

1 E. Question

Find the modulus and argument of the following complex numbers and hence express each of them in the
polar form :

Answer

Given complex number is .

We know that i2=-1

We know that the polar form of a complex number Z=x+iy is given by Z=|Z|(cosθ+isinθ)

Where,

|Z|=modulus of complex number=

θ =arg(z)=argument of complex number=

Now for the given problem,

Since x>0,y<0 complex number lies in 4th quadrant and the value of θ will be as follows -900≤θ≤00.

⇒ .

⇒
∴ The Polar form of is .

1 F. Question

Find the modulus and argument of the following complex numbers and hence express each of them in the
polar form :

Answer

Given complex number is .

We know that i2=-1

We know that the polar form of a complex number Z=x+iy is given by Z=|Z|(cosθ+isinθ)

Where,

|Z|=modulus of complex number=

θ =arg(z)=argument of complex number=

Now for the given problem,

Since x<0,y>0 complex number lies in 2nd quadrant and the value of θ will be as follows 900≤θ≤1800.

⇒ .
⇒

∴ The Polar form of is .

1 G. Question

Find the modulus and argument of the following complex numbers and hence express each of them in the
polar form :

sin 120 o – i cos 120o

Answer

Given complex number is z=sin1200-icos1200

We know that the polar form of a complex number Z=x+iy is given by Z=|Z|(cosθ+isinθ)

Where,

|Z|=modulus of complex number=

θ =arg(z)=argument of complex number=

Now for the given problem,

⇒ |z|=1

Since x>0,y>0 complex number lies in 1st quadrant and the value of θ will be as follows 00≤θ≤900.

⇒ .

∴ The Polar form of Z=sin1200-icos1200 is .

1 H. Question

Find the modulus and argument of the following complex numbers and hence express each of them in the
polar form :
Answer

Given complex number is

We know that i2=-1

⇒ z=-4+i4

We know that the polar form of a complex number Z=x+iy is given by Z=|Z|(cosθ+isinθ)

Where,

|Z|=modulus of complex number=

θ =arg(z)=argument of complex number=

Now for the given problem,

⇒ |z|=8

Since x<0,y>0 complex number lies in 2nd quadrant and the value of θ will be as follows 900≤θ≤1800.

⇒ .

∴ The Polar form of is .

2. Question

Write (i25 )3 in polar form.

Answer

Given Complex number is Z=(i25 )3

⇒ Z=i75
⇒ Z=i74 .i

⇒ Z=(i2)37 .i

We know that i2=-1

⇒ Z=(-1)37 .i

⇒ Z=(-1).i

⇒ Z=-i

⇒ Z=0-i

We know that the polar form of a complex number Z=x+iy is given by Z=|Z|(cosθ+isinθ)

Where,

|Z|=modulus of complex number=

θ =arg(z)=argument of complex number=

Now for the given problem,

⇒ |z|=1

Since x>0,y<0 complex number lies in 4th quadrant and the value of θ will be as follows -900≤θ≤00.

⇒ .

∴ The Polar form of Z=(i25 )3 is .

3 A. Question

Express the following complex numbers in the form

1 + i tan α

Answer

Given Complex number is Z=1+itanα

We know that the polar form of a complex number Z=x+iy is given by Z=|Z|(cosθ+isinθ)

Where,

|Z|=modulus of complex number=

θ =arg(z)=argument of complex number=

We have lying in the interval

Case1:

Since sec is positive in the interval

Since tan is positive in the interval

⇒ θ=

∴ The polar form is z=sec (cos +isin ).

Case2:

Since sec is negative in the interval .

Since tan is negative in the interval .

⇒ .(∵ θ lies in 4th quadrant)

⇒ z=-sec (cos( )+isin( ))

⇒ z=-sec (-cos -isin )

⇒ z=sec (cos +isin )

∴ The polar form is z=sec (cos +isin )

3 B. Question

Express the following complex numbers in the form

Answer

Given Complex number is tan -i

We know that the polar form of a complex number Z=x+iy is given by Z=|Z|(cosθ+isinθ)

Where,

|Z|=modulus of complex number=

θ =arg(z)=argument of complex number=

We know that tanα is a periodic function with period .

We have lying in the interval

Case1:

Since sec is positive in the interval

Since cot is positive in the interval

⇒ (∵ θ lies in 4th quadrant)

⇒ z=sec (sin -icos )

∴ The polar form is z=sec (sin -icos )

Case2:

Since sec is negative in the interval .

⇒
⇒

Since cot is negative in the interval .

⇒ . (∵ θ lies in3rd quadrant)

⇒ z=-sec (-sin +icos )

⇒ z=sec (sin -icos )

∴ The polar form is z=sec (sin -icos ).

3 C. Question

Express the following complex numbers in the form

1 – sin α + i cos α

Answer

Given Complex number is z=1-sin +icos

We know that sin2θ+cos2θ=1, sin2θ=2sinθcosθ, cos2θ=cos2θ-sin 2θ.

e know that the polar form of a complex number Z=x+iy is given by Z=|Z|(cosθ+isinθ)

Where,

|Z|=modulus of complex number=

θ =arg(z)=argument of complex number=

⇒
⇒

We know that sine and cosine functions are periodic with period 2

Here We have 3 intervals as follows:

(i)

(ii)

(iii)

Case(i):

In the interval , and also

so,

⇒ .(∵ θ lies in 1st quadrant)

∴ The polar form is .

Case(ii):

In the interval , and also

so,

⇒ . (∵ θ lies in 4th quadrant)

⇒
∴ The polar form is .

Case(iii):

In the interval , and also

so,

⇒ .(since θ presents in first quadrant and tan’s period is )

⇒ .

∴ The polar form is .

3 D. Question

Express the following complex numbers in the form

Answer

Given complex number is

We know that i2=-1

We know that the polar form of a complex number Z=x + iy is given by Z=|Z|(cos θ+ i sin θ)

Where,
|Z|=modulus of complex number

θ = arg(z)=argument of complex number

Now for the given problem,

Since x<0,y<0 complex number lies in 3rd quadrant and the value of θ will be as follows -1800≤θ≤-900.

⇒ .

∴ The Polar form of is .

4. Question

If z1 and z2 are two complex number such that |z1| = |z2| and arg (z1) + arg (z2) = π, then show that

Answer

Given:

⇒ |z1|=|z2| and arg(z1)+arg(z2)=

Let us assume arg(z1)=θ

⇒ arg(z2)= -θ

We know that z=|z|(cosθ+isinθ)

⇒ z1=|z1|(cosθ+isinθ)-----------------(1)
⇒ z2=|z2|(cos( -θ)+isin( -θ))

⇒ z2=|z2|(-cosθ+isinθ)

⇒ z2=-|z2|(cosθ-isinθ)

Now we find the conjugate of z2

⇒ =-|z2|(cosθ+isinθ) (∵ )

Now,

⇒ (∵ |z1|=|z2|)

⇒ z1=-

∴ Thus proved.

5. Question

If z1, z2 and z3, z4 are two pairs of conjugate complex numbers, prove that

Answer

Given:

We know that

We know that arg(z)+arg( )=0

∴ Thus proved.

6. Question

Express in polar form.

Answer

Given Complex number is

We know that sin2θ=2sinθcosθ and 1-cos2θ=2sin2θ

∴ The Polar form of is .

Very Short Answer

Write the value of the square root of i.

Answer

Let ……………….1

Squaring both sides, we get

i2 = (a2-b2) +2aib

By comparing real and imaginary term, we get

2ab = 1 and a2-b2 = 0

By solving these we get

By putting value of a and b in 1, we get

2. Question

Write the values of the square root of –i.

Answer

Squaring both side

-i = (x + iy)2

= (x2-y2)+2ixy

x2-y2 = 0

2xy = -1

As we know all that,

(x2+y2)2 = (x2-y2)2+4x2y2

(x2+y2)2 = 0+1

(x2+y2)2 = 1

x2+y2 = 1

X2-y2 = 0 ……………………. (1)

From (1)

x2 = y2…………….(3)

2x2 = 1 (because x2 = y2)

2xy = -1

it means xy<0

Either x<0 , y > 0

Or x>0, y<0

X and y have different sign

3. Question

If then write the value of (x2 + y2)2.

Answer

By squaring both sides, we get

On comparing real and imaginary parts, we get

We know that,
4. Question

If π< θ < 2π and z = 1 + cos θ + i sin θ, then write the value of |z|.

Answer

As we all know that,

z = 1 + cos θ + i sin θ

a = (1+cosθ) and b = sin θ

π< θ < 2π it means z lies in second quadrant

z = -θ

5. Question

If n is any positive integer, write the value of

Answer

Explanation

As we know that i2 = -1, i3 = -i , i4 = 1

6. Question

Write the value of

Answer

Explanation

= -2

7. Question

Write 1 – i in polar form.

Answer

Z = 1-i = a+ib

So, a = 1 , b = -1

tan α a>0 , b<1

∴z lies in forth quadrant

arg (z) = θ

Required polar form

8. Question
Write -1 + i√3 in polar form.

Answer

So, a = 1 , b = -1

tan α a<0 , b>1

∴z lies in second quadrant

Required polar form

9. Question

Write the argument of –i.

Answer

So, a = 0 , b = -1

a = 0 , b = -1

∴z lies in forth quadrant

arg(z) = θ

10. Question

Write the least positive integral value of n for which is real.

Answer
= in

As we know that i2 = -1

And value of n is real number so,

n=2

11. Question

Find the principal argument of

Answer

As we know that, z = a+ib

= 1+i2+2i√3

= 1-3+2i√3

= -2+2i√3

a = -2 b = 2√3

= |√3|

α<0 , b>1

∴z lies in second quadrant

arg(z) = θ

12. Question

Find z, if |z| = 4 and

r = |z| = 4 ,

z = r(cos θ + i sin θ)

z = -2√3+2i

13. Question

If |z – 5i| = |z + 5i|, then find the locus of z.

Answer

z = a + ib

|a+ib-5i| = |a+ib+5i|

|a+ib-5i|2 = |a+ib+5i|2

|a +i(b-5)|2 = |a + i(b+5)|2

a2+(b-5)2 = a2+(b+5)2

a2+b 2+25-10b = a 2+b 2+25+10b

20b = 0

b=0

b is a imaginary part of z

=y

=0

Im (z) = 0

So, the locus point is real axis

14. Question

If find the value of x2 + y2.

Answer
Comparing real and imaginary part, we get

2 2
So, X +Y

15. Question

Write the value of

Answer

= 5i×3i

= 15i2

= -15

16. Question

Write the sum of the series i + i2 + i3 + …. Upto 1000 terms.

Answer

Explanation

Here,
=i

n = 1000 terms

=0

17. Question

Write the value of

Answer

As we all know that,

z = r(cos θ + i sin θ ) , θ = arg(z)

= r(cos(-θ)+sin(-θ)

So,

=0

18. Question

If |z + 4| ≤ 3, then find the greatest and least values of |z + 1|.

Answer

6 and 0

Explanation

As we all know that,

|z1 +z2 |≤|z1 |+|z2 | and |z1 +z2 |≥|z1 |-|z2 |

Suppose,

Z1 = z+4

Z2 = -3

| z1|-| z2|≤| z1+ z2|≤ | z1|+| z2|

|z+4|-|-3|≤|z+4-3|≤ |z+4|+|-3|

|z+4|-3≤|z+1|≤ |z+4|+3

3-3≤|z+1|≤ 3+3 (Given-|z + 4| ≤ 3)

0≤|z+1|≤ 6

19. Question

for any two complex numbers z1 and z2 and any two real numbers a, b find the value of |az1 – bz2|2 + |az2 +
bz 1|2.
Answer

|az1-bz 2|2 + |az2+bz1|2

= | z1|2 (a2+b 2 )+| z2|2 (a2+b 2 )

= (a2+b 2 )(| z1|2+| z2|2)

20. Question

Write the conjugate of .

Answer

21. Question

If n ∈ N, then find the value of in + in + 1 + in + 2 + in + 3.

Answer

As we know that,

i = √(-1 ), i2 = -1, i3 = -i, i4 = 1

z = in + in+1 + in+2 + in+3

= in (1+i1+i2+i3 )

= in (1+i-1-i)
= in(0)

=0

22. Question

Find the real value of a for which 3i3 – 3ai2 + (1 – a) i + 5 is real.

Answer

a=2

Explanation

Z is a purely real, it means Im (z) = 0

Z = 3i3-3ai2+ (1-a) i+5

= -3i+3a+ (1-a) i+5

= (3a+5)+i(-3+1-a)

= (3a+5)+i(-2-a)

Re(z) = 3a+5 , Im(z) = (-2-a)

Z is a real so, Im (z) = 0

-2-a = 0

a = -2

23. Question

If |z| = 2 and find z.

Answer

r = |z| = 2 ,

z = r(cos θ + i sin θ)

z = √2 (1+i)

24. Question

Write the argument of

Answer

As we know that,

arg (z 1z2) = arg(z1)+arg(z2) so,

arg (z 1z2z3) = arg(z1)+arg(z2)+arg(z3)

arg((1+√3 i)(1+i)(cos θ+ i sin θ)

= arg(1+√3 i)+arg(1+i)+arg(cos θ + i sin θ).......... (1)

z2 = arg(1+i)

z3 = arg(cos θ + i sin θ)

⇒1(cos θ + i sin θ)

arg(z3 ) = θ

∵ In r(cos θ + i sin θ) , arg(z) = θ

By putting the value of all arg in 1, we get

MCQ
1. Question

Mark the Correct alternative in the following:

The value of (1 + i) (1 + i2) (1 + i3)(1 + i4) is

A. 2

B. 0

C. 1

D. i

Answer

We know that

i= √(-1)

i2= i × i

= -1

(1+i)(1+i2)(1+i3)(1+i4) = (1+i)(1+(-1))(1+i3)(1+i4)

= (1+i)(0)(1+i3)(1+i4)

=0

2. Question
Mark the Correct alternative in the following:

If is a real number and 0 < θ < 2π, then θ =

A. π

B. π/2

C. π/3

D. π/6

Answer

For real number, imaginary part should be 0

⇒ 8 sin θ = 0

⇒θ=nπ

As θ belongs to (0,2π) so θ = π

3. Question

Mark the Correct alternative in the following:

If (1 + i) (1 + 2i) (1 + 3i) …. (1 + n i) = a + i b, then 2 × 5 × 10 × … × (1 + 2

A.

B.

C. a2 + b2

D. a2 – b2

E. a + b

Answer

Given that (1 + i) (1 + 2i) (1 + 3i) …. (1 + n i) = a + i b …(1)

We can also say that

(1 - i) (1 - 2i) (1 - 3i) …. (1 - n i) = a - i b …(2)

Multiply and divide the eq no. 2 with eq no. 1

((1)2 – (i)2)((1)2 – (2i)2)……((1)2 – (ni)2) = ((a)2 – (ib)2)

2 × 5 × 10 × …… × (1 + n2) = a2 + b2

4. Question
Mark the Correct alternative in the following:

If then possible value of is

A. B.

C. x + i y D. x – i y

E.

Answer

Square both sides

a + ib = (x + iy)2 = x2 + i2xy -y2

So, we can say that a = x2 – y2 and b = 2xy

a – ib = (x2 – y2) – i(2xy)

= (x)2 + 2(x)(-iy) + (-iy)2

= (x + (-iy))2

= (x – iy)2

5. Question

Mark the Correct alternative in the following:

If then

A.

B.

C.

D.

Answer
6. Question

Mark the Correct alternative in the following:

The polar form of (i 25 )3 is

A.

B.

C.

D.

Answer

z = (i25 )3 = i75 = i4×18+3

We know that i4 =1 and i3 = -i

z = i4×18.i 3 = 0 – i

z = |z|(cos θ + i sin θ)

7. Question

Mark the Correct alternative in the following:

If i2 = - 1, then the sum i + i2 + i3 + …. upto 1000 terms is equal to

A. 1

B. -1

C. i

D. 0

Answer

We know that

i4n+1 = i

i4n+2 = i2 = -1

i4n+3 = i3 = -i
i4n+4 = i4 = 1

i4n+1 + i4n+2 + i4n+3 + i4n+4 = i + (-1) + (-i) + 1

=0

S = i + i2 + i3 + …… upto 1000 terms

We can make the pair of 4 terms because we know that value is repeat after every 4th terms. So, there are
total 250 pairs are made and each pair have value equal to 0.

S=0

8. Question

Mark the Correct alternative in the following:

If then the value of arg(z) is

A. π

B.

C.

D.

Answer

9. Question

Mark the Correct alternative in the following:

If a = cos θ + i sin θ, then

A.

B.

C.
D.

Answer

10. Question

Mark the Correct alternative in the following:

2) =
If (1 + i) (1 + 2i) (1 + 3i) … (1 + ni) = a + i b, then 2 . 5. 10 . 17 ……..(1 + n

A. a – ib

B. a2 – b2

C. a2 + b2

D. None of these

Answer

Given that (1 + i) (1 + 2i) (1 + 3i) …. (1 + n i) = a + i b …(1)

We can also say that

(1 - i) (1 - 2i) (1 - 3i) …. (1 - n i) = a - i b …(2)

Multiply and divide the eq no. 2 with eq no. 1

((1)2 – (i)2)((1)2 – (2i)2)……((1)2 – (ni)2) = ((a)2 – (ib)2)

2 × 5 × 10 × …… × (1 + n2) = a2 + b2

11. Question

Mark the Correct alternative in the following:

If then x2 + y2 is equal to

A.

B.

C.
D. None of these

Answer

12. Question

Mark the Correct alternative in the following:

The principal value of the amplitude of(1 + i) is

A.

B.

C.

D. π

Answer

We know that the principal value of amplitude is value of argument lie between (-π,π]

arg(z) = tan-1(1)

So, is called the principal value of the amplitude of (1 + i) because it lies between (-π,π]

13. Question

Mark the Correct alternative in the following:

The least positive integer n such that is a positive integer, is

A. 16

B. 8

C. 4
D. 2

Answer

Let check the value of (1 + i)n for different value of n

at n =1 , 1+ i (no)

at n =2 , (1 + i)2 = 1 + i2 + 2i = 2i (no)

at n =3 , (1 + i)2(1 + i) = (1 + i)(2i) = 2i – 2 (no)

at n =4 , (1 + i)2(1 + i)2 = (2i)2 = -4 (no)

at n =5 , (1 + i)4(1 + i) = -4(1 + i) (no)

at n =6 , (1 + i)4(1 + i)2 = -4(2i) (no)

at n =7 , (1 + i)6(1 + i) = -8i(1 + i) = -8i + 8 (no)

at n =8 , (1 + i)4(1 + i)4 = (-4)(-4) = 8 (yes)

So, we can say that n = 8 is the least positive integer for which is positive integer.

14. Question

Mark the Correct alternative in the following:

If z is a non-zero complex number, then is equal to

A.

B. |z|

C.

D. None of these

Answer

Let, z = reiθ

=1
Solve option A

=|e-iθ |

=1

15. Question

Mark the Correct alternative in the following:

If a = 1 + i, then a2 equals

A. 1 – i

B. 2i

C. (1 + i) (1 – i)

D. i – 1.

Answer

a2 = (1 + i)(1 + i)

= 12 + 2i + i2

= 1 – 1 + 2i

= 2i

16. Question

Mark the Correct alternative in the following:

If (x + iy)1/3 = a + ib, then

A. 0

B. 1

C. -1

D. None of these

Answer

(x + iy)1/3 = a + ib

x + iy = (a + ib)3

= a3 + (ib)3 + 3a2(ib) + 3a(ib)2

= a3 – ib3 + i3a2b – 3ab2

= (a3 – 3ab2) + i(3a2b – b3)

x = a3 – 3ab2 and y = 3a2b – b3

= a2 – 3b2 + 3a2 – b2
= 4(a2 – b2)

17. Question

Mark the Correct alternative in the following:

is equal to

A.

B.

C.

D. None of these

Answer

√-2= √2 i and √-3= √3 i

= i2 √6

= -√6

18. Question

Mark the Correct alternative in the following:

The argument of is

A. 60o

B. 120o

C. 210o

D. 240o

Answer

=60⁰

But answer is going in 3rd quadrant because tan θ is positive but sin θ and cos θ both are negative and it is
possible only in 3rd quadrant.

So, answer is π + 60⁰ = 180⁰

Mark the Correct alternative in the following:

If then z4 equals

A. 1

B. -1

C. 0

D. None of these

Answer

=i

z4= i4

=1

20. Question

Mark the Correct alternative in the following:

If then arg(z) equals

A. 0

B.

C. π

D. None of these

Answer

=1+i0

=0
21. Question

Mark the Correct alternative in the following:

If s then |z| =

A.

B.

C.

D. None of these

Answer

22. Question

Mark the Correct alternative in the following:

If then |z| =

A. 1

B.

C.

D. None of these

Answer
23. Question

Mark the Correct alternative in the following:

If z = 1 – cos θ + i sin θ, then |z| =

A.

B.

C.

D.

Answer

24. Question

Mark the Correct alternative in the following:

If x + i y = (1 + i) (1 + 2 i) (1 + 3i), then x2 + y2 =

A. 0

B. 1

C. 100

D. None of these

Answer

Given that (1 + i) (1 + 2i) (1 + 3i) = x + i y …(1)

We can also say that

Multiply and divide the eq no. 2 with eq no. 1

((1)2 – (i)2)((1)2 – (2i)2)((1)2 – (3i)2) = ((x)2 – (iy)2)

x2 + y2 = 2 × 5 × 10 = 100

25. Question

Mark the Correct alternative in the following:

If then Re (z) =

A. 0

B.

C.

D.

Answer

26. Question

Mark the Correct alternative in the following:

If then y =

A. 9/85

B. -9/85

C. 53/85

D. None of these

Answer
27. Question

Mark the Correct alternative in the following:

If then a2 + b2 =

A. 1

B. -1

C. 0

D. None of these

Answer

=1

28. Question

Mark the Correct alternative in the following:

If θ is the amplitude of then tan θ =

A.

B.
C.

D. None Of these

Answer

29. Question

Mark the Correct alternative in the following:

If then

A. |z| = 2

B.

C.

D.

Answer

= √2

30. Question
Mark the Correct alternative in the following:

The amplitude of is equal to

A. 0

B.

C.

D. π

Answer

=0+i(-1)

31. Question

Mark the Correct alternative in the following:

The argument of is

A.

B.

C.

D.

Answer

=0+i(-1)

32. Question

Mark the Correct alternative in the following:

A.

B.

C.

D.

Answer

33. Question

Mark the Correct alternative in the following:

The value of (i5 + i6 + i7 + i8 + i9)/(1 + i) is

A.

B.

C. 1

D.

Answer

We know that

i4n+1 = i

i4n+2 = i2 = -1

i4n+3 = i3 = -i
i4n+4 = i4 = 1

i5 + i6 + i7 + i8 + i9 = i + (-1) + (-i) + 1 + i

=i

34. Question

Mark the Correct alternative in the following:

equals

A. i

B. -1

C. -i

D. 4

Answer

= -i

35. Question

Mark the Correct alternative in the following:

The value of is

A. -1

B. -2

C. -3

D. -4

Answer
We know that

i4n+1 = i

i4n+2 = i2

= -1

i4n+3 = i3

= -i

i4n+4 = i4

=1

i592 = i4(147)+4

=1

i582 = i4(145)+2

= -1

i590 = i4(147)+2

= -1

i580 = i4(144)+4

=1

i588 = i4(146)+4

=1

i578 = i4(144)+2

= -1

i586 = i4(146)+2

= -1

i576 = i4(143)+4

=1

i584 = i4(145)+4

=1

i574 = i4(143)+2

= -1

= -2

36. Question

Mark the Correct alternative in the following:

The value of (1 + i)4 + (1 – i)4 is

A. 8

B. 4
C. -8

D. -4

Answer

(1 + i)4 + (1 - i)4 = ((1 + i)2)2 + ((1 - i)2)2

= (2i)2 + (-2i)2

= -4 + -4

= -8

37. Question

Mark the Correct alternative in the following:

If z = a + ib lies in third quadrant, then also lies in the third quadrant if

A. a > b > 0

B. a < b < 0

C. b < a < 0

D. b > a > 0

Answer

If z = a + ib lies in third quadrant then a and b both are less than zero

a2 – b2 < 0 and ab > 0 because a2 + b2 is always greater than zero

(a – b)(a + b) < 0

Here a and b both are less than zero that means (a + b) is always less than zero

So, a – b > 0 ⇒ a > b

Then, final answer is b < a < 0

38. Question

Mark the Correct alternative in the following:

If where z = 1 + 2i, then |f(z)| is

A.
B. |z|

C. 2|z|

D. None of these

Answer

39. Question

Mark the Correct alternative in the following:

A real value of x satisfies the equation if a2 + b2 =

A. 1

B. -1

C. 2

D. -2

Answer
=1

40. Question

Mark the Correct alternative in the following:

The complex number z which satisfies the condition lies on

A. circle x2 + y2 = 1

B. the x-axis

C. the y-axis

D. the line x + y = 1

Answer

Let, z = x + iy

x4+y4+1+2x2 y2+2x2-2y 2= x4+y4+1+2x2 y2+2x2+

6y2-4y 3-2xy(x+y)-4y
8y2 – 4y3 – 2xy(x + y) – 4y = 0

y(8y – 4y2 – 2x(x + y) – 4) = 0

y = 0 and 8y – 4y2 – 2x(x + y) – 4 = 0

So, by y = 0 we can say that it lies on x axis

41. Question

Mark the Correct alternative in the following:

If z is a complex number, then

A. |z|2 > | |2

B. |z|2 = | |2

C. |z|2 < | |2

D. |z|2 ≥ | |2

Answer

Let, z = a + ib

|z|2 = a2 + b2

42. Question

Mark the Correct alternative in the following:

Which of the following is correct for any two complex numbers z1 and z2?

A. |z1 z2| = |z1| |z2|

B. arg(z1 z2) = arg(z1) arg (z 2)

C. |z1 + z2| = |z1| + |z2|

D. |z1 + z2| ≥ |z1| + |z2|

Answer

Let, z1= r1eiα and z2 = r2eiβ

|z1| = r1 and |z2| = r2

Option A

z1z2 = r1r2ei(α+β)

|z1z2| = r1r2 = |z1| |z2|

Option A correct
Option B

arg(z1z2) = α + β

= arg(z1) + arg(z2)

Option B not correct

Let, z1 = a+ ib and z2 = c + id

Option C

z1 + z2 = (a+c) + i(b+d)

We cannot say anything about option c and option d

43. Question

Mark the Correct alternative in the following:

If the complex number z = x + iy satisfies the condition |z + 1| = 1, then z lies on

A. x-axis

B. circle with centre (-1, 0) and radius 1

C. y-axis

D. None of these

Answer

|z + 1| = 1

|x + iy + 1| = 1

|(1 + x) + iy| = 1

(x + 1)2 + y2 = 1

(x – (-1)) 2 + (y – 0)2 = (1)2

So, we can say that it is a circle with centre (-1,0) and radius 1