Problem #1-3:

In air, a piece of wood weighs 17.80 N, while a piece of metal when submerged in water weighs 17.80 N.
Together, the two weigh 13.35 N in water.
1) Find the Volume (m³) of the wood. (3 pts )
2) What is the specific weight (kN/m³) of the wood. (3 pts )
3) What is the specific gravity of the wood. (3 pts )

Solution:
Given: Weight of Wood, Ww = 17.80 N
Weight in water or Apparent Weight of Metal, Wm‘ = 17.80 N
Combined Apparent Weight of Wood and Metal, Ww ‘ + Wm‘ = 13.35 N
1) Since Apparent Weight = W – BF ; and BF = ϒV
then (Ww – BFw ) + 17.80 = 13.35
(17.80 – 9810 Vw) + 17.80 =13.35
Vw =0.002 m³ or Vw =2.268 x 10-3 m³

𝑊𝑤 17.80 𝑁
2) ϒw = 𝑉𝑤
= 0.002 𝑚³ = 8900 N/m³ ; ϒw = 8.900 kN/m³ or ϒw = 7.848 kN/m³

ϒ 8.90
3) SG = ϒ 𝑤𝑜𝑜𝑑 = 9.81 = 0.907 or 0.800
𝑤𝑎𝑡𝑒𝑟
Problem # 4:
A rectangular scow 12 m long, 6 m wide, and 4 m deep has a draft of 2 m in water. What
load in (Kg) must be moved transversely from the center to a point 0.6 m from the edge in order to cause an
angle of 15o. Show figure that explains your solution ( 5 pts )

Solution:
W
ΔFb
2.40 m 0.60
𝒚
from the figure: tan 15° =
𝟑
W.S.
y = 0.804 m
Moment of load = Moment of wedge shift
𝟐 ΔFb W (2.40) = ϒ (Vol. of wedge) (L)
L= 𝟔 =𝟒
𝟑
1
W (2.40) = 9810 [2(3 x 0.804)(12)] (4)
W = 236,617.2 N
𝑊 236,617.2 𝑁
M= = = 24,120 Kg.
𝑔 9.81 𝑚/𝑠2
 Problem # 5 - 8: A block of wood is 20 cm square and 30 cm long.
5) What is the specific gravity of the wood if the metacenter is at the same point as the center
of gravity of the wood when the block is floating on its side (axis horizontal) in salt water (SG 1.03)? Show
figure (3 pts )
Solution:
S.W.

(SG. 1.03) G M
0.20
D
0.10 Bo 𝑫
𝐷 0.194 𝑆𝐺
𝟐 GBo = 0.10 - = 0.10 −
2 2
0.20 m GBo = 0.10 - 0.097 𝑆𝐺
W = BF = ϒ Vd MG = MBo - GBo
0.017
9.81 (SG)(0.20)(0.20)(0.30) = 9.81(1.03)(0.20)(0.30) D 0= - (0.10 - 0.097 𝑆𝐺)
𝑆𝐺
D = 0.194 SG 0 = 0.017- 0.10 𝑆𝐺 + 0.097 𝑆𝐺2
3
0.30 0.20
I= = 0.0002 𝑚4 SG = 0.816 ; SG = 0.215
12
Vd = 0.20(0.30) D = 0.20(0.30)(0.194 SG) 6) What range of specific gravity that the block will remain in stable
Vd = 0.012 SG equilibrium floating on its side in salt water? (3 pts )
𝐼 0.0002 0.017 The block is stable for SG > 0.816 and SG < 0.215
MBo = V = =
d 0.012 𝑆𝐺 𝑆𝐺
7) Determine Metacentric height when the block is floating on its end (axis vertical)? Show figure (3 pts )

Solution: W
With SG = 0.816
S.W. W = BF = ϒ Vd
(SG. 1.03) 0.30 G M
D
9.81 (0.816)(0.20)(0.20)(0.30) = 9.81(1.03)(0.20)(0.20) D
0.15 Bo 𝑫 D = 0.238 m
𝟐
0.20 (0.20)3
0.20 𝐼 12
MBo = =
Vd 0.20(0.20)(0.238)
BF
MBo = 0.014 𝑚
𝐷 0.238
GBo = 0.15 - 2 = 0.15 − = 0.031
2
MG = 0.014 - 0.031
MG = - 0.017 m

8) Would it be stable floating on its end? Explain your answer.. (3 pts )

Since MG is less than zero, therefore the block is unstable floating at its end.
Problem # 9:
A cylindrical caisson having an outside diameter of 6 m floats in fresh water with axis vertical and its lower
end submerged 6 m below the surface. Its center of gravity is on the vertical axis 2.5 m above the bottom. Find the
righting couple when the caisson is tipped through an angle of 10° from the vertical. Show figure that explains your
solution. ( 4 pts )
M
ΔBF

W. S. L

Bo Bo x
6m
3m ΔBF 𝒙
G G tan 10° =
2.5 m 𝟑
BF
6m x = 0.525 m
𝑣𝐿
MBo =
Vd sin ϴ
from calculus:
2
Volume of cylindrical wedge, v = 3 ℎ 𝑟2 ; ℎ = 𝑥 = 𝑟 𝑡𝑎𝑛 𝛳
2
v = 3 𝑟3 𝑡𝑎𝑛 𝛳 Vd = π𝑟2𝐷
3
Centroids, ഥ=
𝒙 π𝑟 ഥ
L=2𝒙
16
 𝑣𝐿
MBo =
Vd sin ϴ
2 2
v = 3 𝑟3 𝑡𝑎𝑛 𝛳 = 3 (3)3 𝑡𝑎𝑛 10°
v = 3.174 𝑚³
3 3
ഥ= π𝑟=
𝒙 π (3)
16 16
ഥ = 1.767 𝑚
𝒙
L = 2 𝒙ഥ = 2 1.767 = 3.534 m
Vd = π𝑟2𝐷 = π 3 2 6 = 169.646 𝑚³

therefore:
𝑣𝐿 3.174 (3.534)
MBo = = 169.646 sin 10° = 0.381 m
Vd sin ϴ
GBo = 3.0 – 2.5 = 0.50 m
from the figure:
MG = MBo + Gbo = 0.381 + 0.50 = 0.881 m
R.M. = W (MG sin ϴ)
W = BF = ϒVd= 9.81(169.646) = 1664.227 kN
R.M. = 1664.227 (0.881 sin 10°) = 254.600 kN.m.