MODULE 3

Week 4-5 TERMINOLOGIES AND MECHANICS OF THE GAME

INTRODUCTION

More basketball terminology for coaches, players and fans of the game.
Basketball is just like anything else. It has a jargon of its own. Some is slang. Some is
technical. But once you understand the terms, the game makes a lot more sense. 

. COMPETENCY CHECKLIST
PRE-

Instructions: Identify the basis exercise and write the correct letter of the answer on the
space before each number.

______ 1. The rectangular structure , 6x4, to which the basket is attached?

a. Ring c. half court

b. Backboard d. net

_________2. An offensive foul which occurs when an offensive players runs into a
defender who has established position?

a. Charging c. blocking foul

b. Boxing out d. traveling

_________3. The area from the midcourt line to the endline farthest from the offense’s
basket?

a. Backcourt c. sideline
b. Baseline d. frontcourt

_________4. The use of defender’s body position to legally prevent an opponent to

advance; the opposite of charging

a. Boxing out c. blocking

b. Charging d. foul

_________5.The player with the ball usually the point guard at the start of a play

a. Center c. ball handler

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 b. Off guard d. power forward

_________6.When a ball handler dribbles the ball across his body from one hand to the
other

a. Slow dribble c. right hand dribble

b. Crossover dribble d. double dribble

________7. The run-and-shoot offense

a. Baseball line c. lay up

b. jump shot d. fast break

________8. The boundary line behind each basket, also called the baseline

a. End line c. free throw line

b. Sideline d. rainbow

________9. When a defensive player has both feet firmly planted on the floor

a. Boxing out c. defense

b. Established position d. inbound

________10. A player’s attempt to position his body between the opponent’s and the
basket to get rebounds and prevent the opponents from doing so

a. Man to man c. jump ball

b. Blocking d. boxing out

a. .
LEARNING RESOURCES
a.

Physical Education4 Team Sports(A Reading materials)

TERMINOLOGIES

Assist The manner of passing the ball to a teammate that leads directly to s field goal
Backboard The rectangular structure, 6x4, where the basket is attached
Backcourt The area from the midcourt line to the endline farthest from the offense
basket
Ball handler The player with the ball; usually the point guard at the start of a play

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Blocked shot The successfully deflection of a shot by touching a part of the ball on its
way to the basket, thereby preventing a field goal.
Blocking The use of a defender’s body position to legally prevent an opponent to
advance the opposite of charging.
Boxing out A player’s attempt
Airball - A basketball shot that misses everything; net, backboard, and rim.
Ally-oJKYHUop - A pass high above the basketball rim that allows a player to catch
and slam dunk or drop in the ball in one motion.
Assist - A pass to another basketball player that leads directly to a made basket.
Backboard - The rectangular piece of wood or fiberglass that the rim attaches to.

Bench - The substitute basketball players.

Block Out or Box Out - Getting your body between the basketball player and the
basket to get a rebound.
Blocked Shot - When a defensive basketball player makes contact with the basketball
while another player is shooting the ball.
Bounce Pass - In this pass, the basketball bounces about two-thirds of the way from
the passer to the receiver.
Brick - A poor shot that bounces hard off the rim or backboard.
Carry the Ball - similar to traveling. When a basketball player moves with the ball
without properly dribbling it.
Charging - an offensive foul which occurs when an offensive basketball player runs into
a defender who has established position.
Chest Pass - the basketball is passed directly from the passer's chest to the receiver's

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chest. This has the advantage that it takes the least time to complete, as the passer
tries to pass as directly straight as possible.
Court - the area bounded by 2 sidelines and 2 end lines containing a basket at each
end, in which a basketball game is played.

Defense - the act of preventing the offense from scoring; the basketball team without
the ball.
Double Team - when two basketball teammates join efforts in guarding a single
opponent.
Dribbling - the act of bouncing the basketball continuously.
Dunk - when a player close to the basket jumps and strongly throws the ball down into
it.
End Line - the boundary line behind each basket; also called the baseline.
Fast Break - a basketball play that begins with a defensive rebound by a player who
immediately sends an outlet pass toward midcourt to his waiting teammates; these
teammates can sprint to their basket and quickly shoot before enough opponents catch
up to stop them.
Field Goal - when the basketball enters the basket from above during play; worth 2
points, or 3 points if the shooter was standing behind the 3-point line.
Forwards - the two basketball players on the team that are responsible for rebounding
and scoring close up to the basket. They are usually taller than the guards.
Foul Lane - the painted area bordered by the end line and the foul line, outside which
players must stand during a free-throw; also the area an offensive basketball player
cannot spend more than 3-seconds at a time in.
Foul Line - the line 15' from the backboard and parallel to the end line from which
basketball players shoot free-throws.
Guards - the two basketball players who usually handle setting up plays and passing to
teammates closer to the basket.
Jump Ball - Two opposing basketball players jump for a basketball an official tosses
above and between them.
Layup - a close up shot taken after dribbling to the basket.

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Offense - the team with possession of the basketball.
Personal Foul - contact between basketball players that may result in injury or provide
one team with an unfair advantage; players may not push, hold, trip, hack, elbow,
restrain or charge into an opponent.
Rebound - when a basketball player grabs a ball that is coming off the rim or backboard
after a shot attempt; see offensive rebound and defensive rebound.
Screen - when the offensive basketball player stands between a teammate and a
defender to give his teammate the chance to take an open shot.
Shot Clock - a clock that limits the time a team with the basketball has to shoot it to a
given amount of time.
Traveling - when the ball handler takes too many steps without dribbling; also called
walking.
Turnover - when the offense loses possession through its own fault by passing the
basketball out of bounds or committing a floor violation.
Zone Defense - a defense where each defender is responsible for an area of the court
and must guard any player who enters that area.

The Rules

Basketball is a team sport. Two teams of five players each try to score by
shooting a ball through a hoop elevated 10 feet above the ground.
The game is played on a rectangular floor called the court, and there is a hoop at each
end.

The court is divided into two main sections by the mid-court line.
If the offensive team puts the ball into play behind the mid-court line, it has ten
seconds to get the ball over the mid-court line.

If it doesn't, then the defense gets the ball. Once the offensive team gets the ball
over the mid-court line, it can no longer have possession of the ball in the area behind
the midcourt line.If it does, the defense is awarded the ball.

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 Basketball Court 1

The ball is moved down the court toward the basket by passing or dribbling. The team
with the ball is called the offense. The team without the ball is called the defense.

The defense tries to steal the ball, contest shots, deflect passes, and garner rebounds.

Points

When a team makes a basket, they score two points and the ball goes to the other
team.
If a basket, or field goal, is made outside of the three-point arc, then that basket is worth
three points. A free throw is worth one point.
Free throws are awarded to a team according to some formats involving the number of
fouls committed in a half and/or the type of foul committed.
Fouling a shooter always results in two or three free throws being awarded the shooter,
depending upon where he was when he shot. If he was beyond the three-point line,
then he gets three shots.

Other types of fouls do not result in free throws being awarded until a certain
number have accumulated during a half (called “team fouls”).

Once that number is reached, then the player who was fouled is awarded a '1-and-1'
opportunity. If he makes his first free throw, he gets to attempt a second. If he misses
the first shot, the ball is live on the rebound.

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Game Clock

Each game is divided into sections, and all levels have two halves.
In college, each half is twenty minutes long.
In high school and below, the halves are divided into eight (and sometimes, six) minute
quarters. In the pros, quarters are twelve minutes long.
There is a gap of several minutes between halves. Gaps between quarters are relatively
short.

If the score is tied at the end of regulation, then overtime periods of various
lengths are played until a winner emerges.
Basket Assignment and Tip-Off

Also, each team is assigned a basket or goal to defend.

This means that the other basket is their scoring basket.
At halftime, the teams switch goals.
The game begins with one player from either team at center court.
A referee will toss the ball up between the two. The player that gets his hands on the
ball will tip it to a teammate. This is called a tip-off.

FOULS AND VIOLATIONS

In addition to stealing the ball from an opposing player, there are other ways for a team
to get the ball.
One such way is if the other team commits a foul or violation.

FOULS

Personal fouls: Personal fouls include any type of illegal physical contact.

Hitting
Pushing

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Slapping
Holding
Illegal pick/screen -- when an offensive player is moving. When an offensive player
sticks out a limb and makes physical contact with a defender in an attempt to block the
path of the defender.
Personal foul penalties: If a player is shooting while a being fouled, then he gets two
free throws if his shot doesn't go in, but only one free throw if his shot does go in.
Three free throws are awarded if the player is fouled while shooting for a three-point
goal and they miss their shot. If a player is fouled while shooting a three-point shot and
makes it anyway, he is awarded one free throw. Thus, he could score four points on the
play.
Inbounds. If fouled while not shooting, the ball is given to the team the foul was
committed upon. They get the ball at the nearest side or baseline, out of bounds, and
have 5 seconds to pass the ball onto the court.
One & one. If the team committing the foul has seven or more fouls in the game, then
the player who was fouled is awarded one free throw. If he makes his first shot, then he
is awarded another free throw.
Ten or more fouls. If the team committing the foul has ten or more fouls, then the fouled
player receives two free throws.
Charging. An offensive foul that is committed when a player pushes or runs over a
defensive player. The ball is given to the team that the foul was committed upon.
Blocking. Blocking is illegal personal contact resulting from a defender not establishing
position in time to prevent an opponent's drive to the basket.
Flagrant foul. Violent contact with an opponent. This includes hitting, kicking, and
punching. This type of foul results in free throws plus the offense retaining possession
of the ball after the free throws.
Intentional foul. When a player makes physical contact with another player with no
reasonable effort to steal the ball. It is a judgment call for the officials.
Technical foul. Technical foul. A player or a coach can commit this type of foul. It does
not involve player contact or the ball but is instead about the 'manners' of the game.
Foul language, obscenity, obscene gestures, and even arguing can be considered a

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technical foul, as can technical details regarding filling in the scorebook improperly or
dunking during warm-ups.

VIOLATIONS
Walking/Traveling. Taking more than 'a step and a half' without dribbling the ball is
traveling. Moving your pivot foot once you've stopped dribbling is traveling.
Carrying/palming. When a player dribbles the ball with his hand too far to the side of
or, sometimes, even under the ball.
Double Dribble. Dribbling the ball with both hands on the ball at the same time or
picking up the dribble and then dribbling again is a double dribble.
Held ball. Occasionally, two or more opposing players will gain possession of the ball at
the same time. In order to avoid a prolonged and/or violent tussle, the referee stops the
action and awards the ball to one team or the other on a rotating basis.
Goal tending. If a defensive player interferes with a shot while it's on the way down
toward the basket, while it's on the way up toward the basket after having touched the
backboard, or while it's in the cylinder above the rim, it's goaltending and the shot
counts. If committed by an offensive player, it's a violation and the ball is awarded to the
opposing team for a throw-in.
Backcourt violation. Once the offense has brought the ball across the mid-court line,
they cannot go back across the line during possession. If they do, the ball is awarded to
the other team to pass inbounds.
Time restrictions. A player passing the ball inbounds has five seconds to pass the ball.
If he does not, then the ball is awarded to the other team. Other time restrictions include
the rule that a player cannot have the ball for more than five seconds when being
closely guarded and, in some states and levels, shot-clock restrictions requiring a team
to attempt a shot within a given time frame.

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Player Positions
Center. Centers are generally your tallest players. They generally are positioned near
the basket.
Offensive -- The center's goal is to get open for a pass and to shoot. They are also
responsible for blocking defenders, known as picking or screening, to open other
players up for driving to the basket for a goal. Centers are expected to get some
offensive rebounds and put-backs.
Defensive -- On defense, the center's main responsibility is to keep opponents from
shooting by blocking shots and passes in the key area. They also are expected to get a
lot of rebounds because they're taller.
Forward. Your next tallest players will most likely be your forwards. While a forward
may be called upon to play under the hoop, they may also be required to operate in the
wings and corner areas.
Offensive -- Forwards are responsible to get free for a pass, take outside shots, drive for
goals, and rebound.
Defensive -- Responsibilities include preventing drives to the goal and rebounding.
Guard. These are potentially your shortest players and they should be really good at
dribbling fast, seeing the court, and passing. It is their job to bring the ball down the
court and set up offensive plays.
Offensive -- Dribbling, passing, and setting up offensive plays are a guard's main
responsibilities. They also need to be able to drive to the basket and to shoot from the
perimeter.
Defensive -- On defense, a guard is responsible for stealing passes, contesting shots,
preventing drives to the hoop, and for boxing out.

EXPLORE (Task/Activities) refer to your syllabus

Online Session

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 Students will Recite at least 10 rules and regulation in Basketball
Demonstrate At least 5 Hands signal use in basketball

Offline Session

Students will watch a basketball game in the Television after watching, write at
least 6 violations that commits a player and explain each of one.

V. DISCUSSION BOARD

1. What are the different terminologies used in basketball?

2. What is the importance of rules and regulations of the games.
3. Is there any changes of rules and violation? If yes, what are those?

VI. POST – COMPETENCY CHECKLIST (FORMATIVE

ASSESSMENT)

.
Name:_______________________________
Day & Time: __________________________ Date: ____________________
Professor: ___________________________
Directions: Analyze each statement and write the correct answer on the blanks
provided.

______1. A rapid move towards the basket with the ball.

______2. A rebound made by a player on defense.
______3. The boundary line also called the baseline behind each basket.
______4. The act of preventing the offense from scoring , the team without the
ball.
______5. An offensive foul which occurs when an offensive player run into a
defender who has established positions.
______6. The five starters are usually the team’s best players who begin a
game.
______7. An unguarded shot taken from the foul line by a player whose
opponent commits a personal or technical commits a personal or

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 technical foul, it is worth 1 point.
______8. Actions by players which break the rule, but are not floor violations ,
penalized by a change in possessions of free throw
opportunities;(personal foul or technical foul).
______9. The team with the possession of the ball.
______10. The area outside of and including the end lines and sidelines.
______11. A player who comes into the game to replace a player on the court.
______12. A player grabs a ball that is coming off the rim or backboard after a shot
attempt(offensive rebound and defensive rebound).
______13. It takes place when the official tosses the ball between two opposing
players.
______14. It is a personal foul, which in the opinion of the official committed deliberately
by a player.
______15. It involves contact with an opponent whether the ball is in play, alive or dead.

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