100% found this document useful (1 vote)
399 views51 pages

Photosynthesis & Mineral Nutrition: Question Paper

This document is a biology question paper from Cambridge International Examinations on the topic of plant nutrition, specifically photosynthesis and mineral nutrition. The question paper contains 23 multiple choice questions testing understanding of photosynthesis, mineral uptake, and the factors that influence these processes in plants. It provides diagrams and graphs related to experiments on photosynthesis rates under different light intensities, carbon dioxide concentrations, and temperatures.
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
100% found this document useful (1 vote)
399 views51 pages

Photosynthesis & Mineral Nutrition: Question Paper

This document is a biology question paper from Cambridge International Examinations on the topic of plant nutrition, specifically photosynthesis and mineral nutrition. The question paper contains 23 multiple choice questions testing understanding of photosynthesis, mineral uptake, and the factors that influence these processes in plants. It provides diagrams and graphs related to experiments on photosynthesis rates under different light intensities, carbon dioxide concentrations, and temperatures.
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 51

Photosynthesis & Mineral

Nutrition
Question Paper

Level O Level
Subject Biology
Exam Board Cambridge International Examinations
Topic Plant Nutrition
Sub Topic Photosynthesis & Mineral Nutrition
Booklet Question Paper 1

Time Allowed: 60 minutes

Score: /50

Percentage: /100
1 Which row shows what happens in photosynthesis?

immediate product storage product


energy conversion
of photosynthesis of photosynthesis

A chemical energy to light energy glucose starch


B chemical energy to light energy starch glucose
C light energy to chemical energy glucose starch
D light energy to chemical energy starch glucose

2 The diagram shows a cross-section of a dicotyledonous leaf.

5 3
4
3 The graph shows how the rate of photosynthesis of a plant varies with light intensity at two
different carbon dioxide concentrations. The temperature is kept constant at 20 °C.

1% carbon dioxide
concentration

rate of X
photosynthesis 0.04% carbon dioxide
concentration

0
0 light intensity

Which factor is limiting the rate of photosynthesis at point X?

A availability of chlorophyll
B availability of water
C concentration of carbon dioxide
D intensity of light

4 The graph shows the effect of oxygen concentration on the uptake of nitrate ions from the soil
into a root hair cell.

rate of uptake
of nitrate ions

0
0 oxygen concentration

What can be concluded from this information?

A Nitrate ions enter the root hair cell by active transport.


B Nitrate ions enter the root hair cell by osmosis.
C Nitrate ions leave the root hair cell by diffusion.
D Nitrate ions leave the root hair cell in low oxygen concentrations.
5 During a sunny day, which substance is excreted from a leaf?

A carbon dioxide
B nitrogen
C oxygen
D sucrose

6 Which process in a developing seedling needs light energy?

A breakdown of food reserves


B respiration
C synthesis of organic material
D uptake of salts and water

7 The diagram shows a plant cell.

Compared with the rest of the cell, which row describes the concentrations of oxygen and
magnesium inside structure P during the daytime?
8 The diagrams show a plant in a flask of water. It is left in the light at 16 qC for six hours.

cotton
wool

layer
of oil 6 hours

water

326.75 g 321.75 g

balance

What explains the change in mass after six hours?

A absorption of water into the root hairs


B evaporation of water from the flask
C photosynthesis in the leaves of the plant
D transpiration from the leaves of the plant

9 The diagram refers to some substances found in plant cells.

Which area of the diagram represents the end products of photosynthesis?

glucose A water

D
C B

oxygen
10 The diagrams show an experiment to find the rate of photosynthesis in an aquatic plant in
different conditions.

Which plant produces the most bubbles per minute?

A B

lamp lamp

C D

lamp lamp

ice ice

11 What are the signs of magnesium deficiency and nitrogen deficiency in leaves of plants?

1 purple spots on leaves


2 reduced growth of roots
3 reduced growth with loss of leaf colour
4 yellowing of leaves between the veins
12 When carbon dioxide is being used in photosynthesis, what is its diffusion pathway in a leaf after
entering a stoma?

1 cell membrane
2 cell wall
3 chloroplast membrane
4 cytoplasm
5 intercellular spaces

A 2→1→5→4→3

B 2→5→1→3→4

C 5→1→2→3→4

D 5→2→1→4→3

13 What is the effect of a lack of nitrate ions on plant leaves?


A all leaves are very dark green
B leaves lose their yellow colour
C the leaves wilt
D young leaves grow very slowly

14 A green leaf is picked at time 07.00 and immediately placed in a sealed test-tube containing
hydrogen carbonate indicator solution. The tube is kept near a window for 24 hours. The table
shows how the indicator changes in colour.

amount of carbon dioxide


leaf colour compared to average
atmospheric concentration

purple less than normal

hydrogen carbonate red normal


indicator yellow more than normal

Which colour will the hydrogen carbonate indicator be at times 12.00 and 24.00?
15 In an investigation of photosynthesis, 4 leaves are set up as shown in the diagram.

After 24 hours in the light each leaf is tested for starch.

Which tube is used to investigate whether chlorophyll is needed for photosynthesis?

A B C D

black
paper
liquid to
absorb
carbon dioxide
variegated
water water leaf water

16 The graph shows the amount of oxygen produced by a green plant, growing outdoors, during a

24-hour peri
24-

amount of
oxygen
produced
per hour

X Y time

Which processes are occurring at time X and Y?


17 Which signs show that a plant has been grown in soil deficient in magnesium ions?

A no flowers and poor root growth


B small leaves and more roots
C white upper leaves and no flowers
D yellow stem and yellow leaves

18 What is a function of each of these types of plant cell?

19 In photosynthesis, which substances are used up, which are produced and which are necessary
but remain unchanged after the reaction?
20 The graphs show how two different conditions affect the rate of photosynthesis.

graph 1 graph 2

rate of rate of
photosynthesis photosynthesis

increase increase

Which conditions are being altered in graphs 1 and 2?

21 The graph shows how the rate of photosynthesis varies with light intensity at two different
temperatures. Other variables are kept the same.

rate of
photosynthesis P
25 °C
15 °C
Q R
S

light intensity
22 If a condition is a limiting factor for photosynthesis, what does this mean?

A Changing the condition may either increase or decrease the rate of photosynthesis.
B Changing the condition will only increase the rate of photosynthesis.
C Changing the condition will only decrease the rate of photosynthesis.
D Changing the condition will not affect the rate of photosynthesis.

23 The diagram shows a section through a green leaf.

The arrows represent the movement of

A carbon dioxide during respiration.


B oxygen during photosynthesis.
C sugars during translocation.
D water during transpiration.
24 The diagram shows cells from a plant leaf.

Which structure contains a high concentration of magnesium?

D C

25 Four test-tubes are set up as shown.

In which test-tube will the concentration of oxygen decrease most rapidly?

black box to
exclude light
A B C D

pond
water
sunlight sunlight
pond
snail

pond
weed
26 The elements, listed, are found in all living organisms.

Which one is not obtained by plants from the soil?

A carbon
B iron
C magnesium
D nitrogen

27 The diagram shows a tree trunk, with a ring of bark, which includes the phloem, removed.

ring of bark
removed

The tree will eventually die because this action cuts off the supply of

A mineral salts to the leaves.


B organic nutrients to the roots.
C oxygen to the roots.
D water to the leaves.
28 For which processes do plants need either nitrate ions or magnesium ions?

synthesis of synthesis of synthesis of


cellulose chlorophyll proteins

A    key
B    = nitrate ions or magnesium ions
needed
C    = nitrate ions or magnesium ions not
needed
D   

29 Magnesium is an essential element for

A the formation of cell walls.


B the formation of chlorophyll.
C the formation of proteins.
D the process of cell division.

30 The graph shows the effect of carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration on the rate of photosynthesis.

rate of
photosynthesis

CO2 concentration

What could be limiting the rate of photosynthesis at points X and Y?

A carbon dioxide concentration carbon dioxide concentration


B carbon dioxide concentration light intensity
C light intensity carbon dioxide concentration
D light intensity light intensity
31 The diagram shows a green shoot photosynthesising under a glass jar. This was used as a
control experiment in a laboratory investigation.

in sunshine

airtight
bung

green plant glass jar

filter paper

water water

Which diagram shows the other experiment that should be done to investigate the need for
carbon dioxide in photosynthesis?

A B

in sunshine in dark

airtight airtight
bung bung

green plant glass jar green plant glass jar

filter paper
hydrogen-
sodium water carbonate water
hydroxide indicator
solution

C D

in sunshine in sunshine

airtight airtight
bung bung

green plant glass jar green plant glass jar

oil layer
hydrogen-
carbonate water water
indicator
32 Two test-tubes, P and Q, were set up each containing a solution of red hydrogen carbonate
indicator. Hydrogen carbonate indicator turns yellow when the carbon dioxide concentration
increases and turns purple if the carbon dioxide concentration decreases.

An aquatic plant was placed into tubes P and Q. Tube P was uncovered, tube Q was covered
with a black lightproof cover. The tubes were left in a warm room in sunlight for four hours.

black lightproof
cover

green
aquatic
plant

tube P tube Q

What would be the colour of the hydrogen carbonate indicator in the two tubes after four hours?
33 Which graph shows the effect of temperature on the rate of photosynthesis?

A B

rate of rate of
photosynthesis photosynthesis

0 70 0 70
temperature / °C temperature / °C

C D

rate of rate of
photosynthesis photosynthesis

0 70 0 70
temperature / °C temperature / °C

34 Which signs show that a plant has been grown in a culture solution deficient in magnesium?

A purple leaves and poor root growth


B small leaves and thin stem
C white upper leaves and normal lower leaves
D yellow stem and yellow leaves
35 The graph shows the rate of photosynthesis of a plant at increasing light intensities at two
different carbon dioxide concentrations. The temperature is kept constant.

Y
0.06 % carbon dioxide

rate of Z
photosynthesis X
0.03 % carbon dioxide

light intensity

What may be limiting the rate of photosynthesis at X, Y and Z?

X Y Z

A carbon dioxide light intensity carbon dioxide


B carbon dioxide light intensity light intensity
C light intensity carbon dioxide carbon dioxide
D light intensity carbon dioxide light intensity
36 Five similar plants are placed in test-tubes as shown.

oil to prevent
evaporation
of water

water

Some of the plants have their leaves coated with grease to reduce transpiration. Each plant is
weighed in its test-tube at the start of the experiment and again two days later.

The results are shown in the table.

Which plants had their leaves coated with grease?

A 1 and 2 B 1 and 4 C 2 and 5 D 2, 3 and 5

37 Lack of nitrate ions (NO3–) in flowering plants causes yellowing of leaves and poor growth
whereas lack of magnesium ions (Mg2+) causes yellowing between veins of leaves.

What explains these differences?

Mg2+ NO3–
involved in involved in involved in involved in
chlorophyll protein chlorophyll protein
synthesis synthesis synthesis synthesis

A     key
B     = true
C     = not true
D    
38 The graph shows the effect of light intensity on the rate of photosynthesis.

rate of
photosynthesis
/ arbitrary units

0
0 light intensity

Which statement could explain what is happening at higher light intensities?

A All the available chloroplasts are fully occupied in light absorption.


B High light intensities increase the temperature above the optimum for photosynthesis.
C The chlorophyll in the chloroplasts has been damaged.
D The products of photosynthesis accumulate and inhibit photosynthesis.

39 Temperature, light intensity and carbon dioxide concentration are three limiting factors in
photosynthesis.

In an experiment, each factor is increased in turn. The graph shows the results.

rate of
photosynthesis 3
2
1
0
0 time

Which numbered points represent when each factor was increased?


40 Four tubes, A, B, C and D are left in sunlight for one hour. The bicarbonate indicator solution in
each tube is red at the start of the experiment.

Bicarbonate indicator solution stays red if there is no change in carbon dioxide concentration. The
indicator goes yellow if carbon dioxide concentration increases and purple if the carbon dioxide
concentration decreases.

In which tube does the colour change to purple?

A B C D

pond weed pond weed snails pond weed


and snails
bung

aluminium
foil cover

boiling
tube

bicarbonate indicator
solution

41 The graph shows the amount of oxygen produced by a green plant during a 24-hour period.

Which letter represents midnight?

24-hour period

amount of
oxygen
produced
per hour

A B C D
42 The waterweed shown in the apparatus is illuminated and is photosynthesising. The rate is
measured by bubbles of gas released.

water

light

After a few minutes the bubbles cease.

Which factor in the water might be limiting the rate of photosynthesis?

A carbon dioxide
B magnesium
C nitrate
D oxygen
43 The diagram shows an experiment to investigate the volume of gas produced by an aquatic plant
under different conditions of light intensity and temperature.

bubbles of gas

water

aquatic plant

Which conditions result in the greatest production of gas by the plant?

44 In the experiment shown, each test tube contains mustard seeds on cotton wool.

dark box light

key
liquid
damp cotton wool
to absorb
oxygen dry cotton wool

1 2 3 4 5

Which two test tubes should be compared to discover whether light is needed for germination of
these seeds?

A 1 and 4 B 2 and 4 C 3 and 5 D 4 and 5


45 Magnesium is an essential element for

A the formation of cell walls.


B the formation of chlorophyll.
C the formation of proteins.
D the process of cell division.

46 An indicator solution shows the following colour changes.

pH 7 : orange
pH below 7 : yellow
pH above 7 : purple

Consider the experiment represented by the diagram below. The indicator was orange in both
tubes at the beginning of the experiment.

both tubes left in the light

tube 1 tube 2

pond weed
black
paper

indicator
solution

Which colours would the indicators show after three hours?


47 The graph shows the effects of carbon dioxide and light intensity on the rate of photosynthesis.

high CO2
rate of
photosynthesis low CO2

light intensity

Which statement is supported only by evidence from the graph?

A Carbon dioxide limits the rate of photosynthesis at low light intensities.


B Light intensity and carbon dioxide both limit the rate of photosynthesis.
C The rate of photosynthesis is proportional to light intensity.
D Temperature affects the rate of photosynthesis.

48 When is carbon dioxide absorbed and when is it released by an ecosystem, such as a tropical
rainforest?
49 The graph shows the effect of changing light intensity on the rate of photosynthesis in a plant at
two different carbon dioxide concentrations.

high carbon dioxide


concentration

rate of low carbon dioxide


photosynthesis concentration

light intensity

Which statement is correct?

A At low light intensities carbon dioxide is the limiting factor.


B At high light intensities carbon dioxide is the limiting factor.
C When the carbon dioxide concentration is high, there is no limiting factor.
D When carbon dioxide concentration is low, the plant cannot photosynthesise.

50 The graph shows the amount of oxygen produced by a green plant, growing outdoors, during a
24-hour peri
24-

Which letter represents midday?

24-hour period

amount of
oxygen
produced
per hour

A B C D
Photosynthesis & Mineral
Nutrition
Question Paper

Level O Level
Subject Biology
Exam Board Cambridge International Examinations
Topic Plant Nutrition
Sub Topic Photosynthesis & Mineral Nutrition
Booklet Question Paper 2

Time Allowed: 6 minutes

Score: /5

Percentage: /100
1 In which conditions will a plant photosynthesise fastest?

2 A young plant may wilt when dug up and re-planted in another place.

What causes this?

A The leaves lose less water.


B The roots cannot take up mineral salts.
C The stem cannot transport water.
D The surface area of the root is reduced.
3 The diagram shows an experiment to find out whether carbon dioxide is needed for
photosynthesis.

light
glass cover

plant

soda lime
(to remove carbon dioxide)

15 oC

What is the most suitable control for this experiment?

A B C D
light light black
light cover

25 oC 15 oC 15 oC 15 oC
a substance soda lime
to remove
oxygen

4 What is the function of chlorophyll?

A to convert light energy to chemical energy

B to release energy from carbohydrates


C to store magnesium ions
D to store raw materials for photosynthesis
5 The graph shows the oxygen released and taken up by a tree during a 24 hour period.

oxygen
released
X
by tree
0
midday midnight
oxygen
taken up
by tree

Which statement describes the situation at point X?

A Respiration begins.
B Photosynthesis stops.
C The rate of respiration is equal to the rate of photosynthesis.
D The rate of respiration is greater than the rate of photosynthesis.
Leaf Structure
Question Paper

Level O Level
Subject Biology
Exam Board Cambridge International Examinations
Topic Plant Nutrition
Sub Topic Leaf Structure
Booklet Question Paper

Time Allowed: 35 minutes

Score: /29

Percentage: /100
1 The diagram shows a magnified cross-section of part of a leaf.

Where does photosynthesis take place?

D
2 A leaf was picked from a plant that had been in sunlight for eight hours.

white

green

What does this leaf look like after it is tested with iodine solution?

A B

brown white

black black

C D

black white

brown brown
3 The diagram shows cells in a section through a leaf of a typical green plant.
(No cell contents are shown.)

3
4

Which cells usually contain chloroplasts?

A 1 an
a B 1 and 4 C 2 and 3 D 2 and 4
4 A plant has leaves that are green in the centre but white around the edges.

The plant is destarched and then has one of its leaves partly covered with black paper on both
sides of the leaf, as shown.

black paper

white area of leaf

green area of leaf

The plant is placed in bright light for 48 hours. The leaf is then tested for starch.

Which diagram shows the colours that are obtained?

A B
brown brown

black black

C D
black black

brown brown
5 In an experiment to investigate transpiration, the leaves of four identical shoots are treated as
follows.

1 upper surfaces covered with waterproof jelly


2 lower surfaces covered with waterproof jelly
3 upper and lower surfaces covered with waterproof jelly
4 untreated

The graph shows the water lost by the four shoots.

Which line shows the result for shoot 4?

A
B

amount of
water lost
C

time

6 Which part of a leaf contains cells, but with the fewest chloroplasts?

A cuticle
B epidermis
C spongy mesophyll
D stomata

7 Which features of the mesophyll layer in a leaf aid rapid diffusion of carbon dioxide into the cells?

layer of moisture
air spaces on the outside of
the cell walls

A   key
B   = aids diffusion
C   = does not aid diffusion
D  
8 The diagram shows the upper layers of a leaf.

X
Y

What are the structures labelled X and Y?

X Y

A cell membrane cell wall


B cell wall cell membrane
C cell wall cuticle
D cuticle cell wall
9 A variegated plant is destarched and then placed in the sunlight for several hours. A leaf is then
taken and tested for starch using iodine solution.

Which diagram shows the correct results?

A B
green black black
white

brown
before after before after

C D
black white

brown green
before after before after

10 A container is filled with water from a lake and placed on an outside table in the sunlight. Healthy
plant seedlings are placed in the container and left for 3 months. Distilled water is added to the
container as required. At the end of each month a typical mature leaf grown during the previous
30 days is removed and drawn to the same scale.

The diagram shows the three drawings that are made.

month 1 month 2 month 3

Why is the leaf from month 3 the smallest?

A insufficient light for photosynthesis


B nitrates from the water had all been absorbed
C phloem vessels unable to transport water
D plants cannot grow without soil
11 The diagram shows the structure of a leaf of a dicotyledonous plant.

What are the functions of the parts labelled on the diagram?

1 3 4

A gaseous exchange photosynthesis reducing evaporation transport


B photosynthesis gaseous exchange transport reducing evaporation
C photosynthesis reducing evaporation gaseous exchange transport
D transport reducing evaporation gaseous exchange photosynthesis
12 The diagram shows the arrangement of the tissues of a leaf as seen in cross-section under the
microscope.

palisade
mesophyll upper epidermis

xylem
phloem

X Y

lower epidermis

What is the arrangement of the cells in the section X-Y?

A B C D
13 The diagram represents a cross section of a leaf under the microscope.
Where is light energy converted into chemical energy?

14 What describes the upper cuticle of a leaf?

A a single layer of cells containing many chloroplasts


B a single layer of transparent cells allowing light to enter the leaf
C a thin non-cellular layer preventing water loss from the leaf
D a permeable layer allowing water to enter the leaf
15 The diagram shows a cross-section of a leaf.

From which part does most of the water evaporate during transpiration?

C B
16 The diagram represents a cross section of part of a leaf.

How does the oxygen content of the air at X compare to normal atmospheric air, when the leaf is
in the light and when it is in the dark?
17 The diagram represents a section through part of a leaf.

How do carbon dioxide and water enter the leaf?

carbon dioxide water

A active transport through tissue P


B active transport through tissue Q
C diffusion through tissue P
D diffusion
iffusion tissue Q
18 The photomicrograph shows a transverse section of a leaf.

Where does carbon dioxide enter the leaf?

C
D

19 The diagram shows part of a transverse section of a leaf.

Which cells conduct water into the leaf and which cells conduct sugars out of the leaf?
20 The diagram shows a section through a leaf.

Which cells have the functions shown?

photosynthesis transport

A 1 and 5 2 and 3
B 2 and 4 1 and 4
C 3 and 4 2 and 5
D 4 and 5 3 and 4

21 Which terms describe the parts of a plant?


22 The diagram shows part of a flowering plant.

Where does most transpiration take place?

A
upper surface of leaf

B
D
lower surface of leaf
stem

C
root

23 The diagram shows a transverse section of a leaf.

Which cells absorb carbon dioxide?

A 1, 2 and 3 B 2, 3 and 4 C 2, 4 and 5 D 1, 3 and 5


24 A plant has leaves that are partly green and partly white. The plant is destarched and a leaf is
partly covered by black paper.

The plant is placed in bright light for several hours. Four discs are then cut from the leaf in the
positions shown and are tested for starch.

black paper
1
3
green area 2

white area 4

Which discs contain starch?

A 1 only B 1 and 2 C 2 only D 3 and 4

25 The diagram shows a photosynthesis investigation. The plant has leaves that are green in the
middle and white round the edges.

light green light


Q
white

leaf in normal air


P

clear plastic bag R


containing a substance
that absorbs
carbon dioxide
S

Which leaf areas lack only one factor needed for photosynthesis?

A P and Q
B P and R
C Q and S
D R and S
26 Where and how does carbon dioxide enter a plant?

27 The diagrams show the outlines of cells in two different views of a leaf.

Which cell in diagram 1 is the same as cell P in diagram 2?

diagram 1 diagram 2

P
A

D
28 A plant is kept in the dark for two days. A leaf is used in an experiment to investigate the effect of
two factors on photosynthesis, as shown in the diagram.

cork cut so leaf


can pass through

leaf removed
and tested
green leaf for starch Q

R
exposed
to light for
8 hours
substance to absorb
carbon dioxide

What are the colours of Q and R, when the leaf is tested for starch, using iodine solution?
29 A variegated plant is destarched. One leaf is then partly covered with a black paper strip on
both sides and exposed to light for several hours.

chlorophyll absent

chlorophyll

The leaf is then tested for starch. What is the result?

A B C D

Key

starch present

You might also like

pFad - Phonifier reborn

Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.

Note: This service is not intended for secure transactions such as banking, social media, email, or purchasing. Use at your own risk. We assume no liability whatsoever for broken pages.


Alternative Proxies:

Alternative Proxy

pFad Proxy

pFad v3 Proxy

pFad v4 Proxy