History Johor

Johor, also known as Johore, is a Malaysian state located in the southern part of the Malay Peninsula. Johor is bordered by
the Malaysian state of Pahang to the north and the states of Malacca and Negeri Sembilan to the northwest. Johor shares
maritime borders with Singapore to the south and Indonesia to the west and east. Johor is divided into 10 districts
(daerah), 103 communes (mukims) and 16 local governments. Each district has district government officials and each
village in that district has a village headman (called ketua kampung or penghulu).

The predecessor of the Sultanate of Johor is the Sultanate of Malacca (est. around 1400). The Portuguese conquest of
Malacca in 1511 caused the Sultan to establishe a new residence - Johor. In 1641 the alliance of Vereenigde Oostindische
Comnpagnie (V.O.C.) and Johor drove the Portuguese out; the V.O.C. was to hold Malacca, Johor the hinterland. In 1818
the Sultanate of Riau-Lingga split off Johor. In 1819 Johor ceded the island of Singapore to the East India Company
(E.I.C.) (Bengal Presidency, Straits Settlements). In 1824 Britain and the Netherlands signed a treaty in which the the
Netherlands, successor of the V.O.C., ceded Malacca to the British, and both countries agreed on the delimination of their
spheres of interest in such a manner, that the mainland territories of Johor fell into the British sphere, the Sultanate of
Riau-Lingga with Indragiri into the Dutch sphere. In 1851 Pahang was split off from the Sultanate of Johor. An unofficial
British protectorate since 1819, until 1942 (mainland) Johor was one of the Unfederated Malay States. From 1945 to 1963
part of the Federation of Malaya, since 1963 part of the Republic of Malaysia.

- The Sultanate of Johor is the Sultanate of Malacca (est. around 1400).

- The Portuguese conquest of Malacca in 1511 caused the Sultan to establishe a new residence - Johor.

- In 1641 the alliance of Vereenigde Oostindische Comnpagnie (V.O.C.) and Johor drove the Portuguese out

- In 1818 the Sultanate of Riau-Lingga split off from Johor.

- In 1819 Johor ceded the island of Singapore to the East India Company (E.I.C.)

- In 1824 Britain and the Netherlands signed a treaty in which the the Netherlands, successor of the V.O.C.,
ceded Malacca to the British,

- In 1851 Pahang was split off from the Sultanate of Johor.

- An unofficial British protectorate since 1819, until 1942 (mainland) Johor was one of the Unfederated Malay
States.

- From 1945 to 1963 part of the Federation of Malaya, since 1963 part of the Republic of Malaysia.
HISTORY OF ISKANDAR PUTERI

The Iskandar Puteri City Council is a local based council which was founded in 1953. It started as a small
administration center which eventually was merged to a Local Council, and once again, Iskandar Puteri has
created another history when it was declared as a Local Authority with a City Council status.

The rapid development of Johor Bahru Metropolitan has given a direct impact on Iskandar Puteri areas. Before
it was given Municipal Council status, the total area was 303.5 km2. Initially after the status, the total area was
338.5 km2.

The area under Iskandar Puteri City Council consists of Skudai, Lima Kedai, Gelang Patah, Kangkar Pulai,
Iskandar Puteri and Ulu Choh with total residents of 525,351 people.
History of MPJBT

In brief, the early history of Iskandar Puteri City Council began with the establishment of 8 Local Councils
during the 60s which was under the Town Board Enactment 118.

Due to the residents’ growth and increase in asset, on March 1st, 1978 Johor Bahru Tengah Municipal was
formed under the Local Government Act 1976 (Act 171) that covered areas of 104.7 km2 with total residents
of 150,000 people.

From this continuous growth, in 1995, the Johor Bahru Tengah Municipal's administration areas had been
widen up to 303.48 km2 with total asset increased to 98,515 units and the number of residents increased by
500,000 people.

Sejarah awal Majlis Perbandaran Johor Bahru Tengah bermula dengan penubuhan lapan buah Majlis
Tempatan sekitar tahun 1960-an di bawah Enakmen Lembaga Bandar 118.

Pada tahun 2001, Majlis Daerah Johor Bahru Tengah (MDJBT) dinaik taraf kepada Majlis Perbandaran Johor
Bahru Tengah (MPJBT) yang merangkumi zon Skudai-Nusajaya dibahagian barat dan Tebrau-Plentong di
bahagian timur.

Walaubagaimanapun, mulai 2016, kerajaan Johor telah melakukan persempadanan dimana zon timur yang
merangkumi Tebrau-Plentong diserahkan kepada pentadbiran Majlis Bandaraya Johor Bahru (MBJB)
manakala zon barat yang merangkumi Skudai-Nusajaya kekal dibawah pentadbiran Majlis Perbandaran Johor
Bahru Tengah (MPJBT).

Pada 22 November 2017, Majlis Perbandaran Johor Bahru Tengah diberi status bandaraya kepada Majlis
Bandaraya Iskandar Puteri.
HISTORY OF MUTIARA RINI

Mutiara Rini is a suburb in Iskandar Puteri, Johor Bahru District, Johor, Malaysia. It is owned by Mutiara
Rini Sdn Bhd, a member of the Boustead Group. This township was founded in 1996. Before 1996 it was
called Rini Estate. Rini Estate had a lot of oil palms. After 1996, it was called Mutiara Rini. Mutiara Rini
had 10,000 houses. It is located within the western corridor of Johor Bahru which is 13 km northwest
from Johor Bahru City Centre and is easily accessible by way of Skudai Highway about 2 km away from
the east.

The developer, Mutiara Rini Sdn Bhd is a subsidiary of Boustead Properties Berhad, a member of the
Boustead and LTAT Group of companies. The site which was previously planted with oil palm, had
previously belonged to the Government. The land was privatised to LTAT in exchange for the
construction of army housing in Pulau Pinang, Melaka and the Klang Valley.

Mutiara Rini Sdn Bhd is also the developer of the award winning township Taman Mutiara Rini in
Skudai, Johor. The awards were "Best Layout Planning For Residential Development" from Majlis
Daerah Johor Bahru Tengah in 1998 and "Best Planned Township" from the Malaysian Institute of
Planning in 1999.

Mutiara Rini houses come with a standard Home Owner's manual, a feature not common with other
developers. High on the developer's list of priorities is the need to preserve the environment. This is
evidenced by a 60-acre Urban Forest specially carved out from its 1,400-acre development in Johor. The
developer is also providing a 32-kilometer bicycle track connecting the entire development and presented
purchasers with free bicycles as part of the package.

-before 1996 it was called rini estate was previously planted with oil palm.
-after 1996 it was called mutiara rini
- previously belonged to the Government. The land was privatized to LTAT in exchange for the
construction of army housing in Pulau Pinang, Melaka and the Klang Valley.
-Mutiara Rini Sdn Bhd was incorporated in 1994 and launched its first project in 1996 in Taman
- Get awards "Best Layout Planning For Residential Development" from Majlis Daerah Johor
Bahru Tengah in 1998.
- Get award "Best Planned Township" from the Malaysian Institute of Planning in 1999.

-Mutiara Rini , Johor, locared in Skudai, next to Taman Universiti.

-They include extensive landscaped green areas, bicycle and jogging tracks linking every
parcel, a 62 acres Urban Forest & Recreational Centre, an International standard cricket pitch
(Mutiara Rini Oval), local shops, kindergartens, petrol kiosks and primary and secondary
schools.
Mutiara Rini Forest Park

Mutiara Rini Forest Park was built by Majlis Perbandaran Johor Bahru Tengah (MPJBT) in Taman
Mutiara Rini covers 25 hectares of land with 3,200 tropical forest trees, which is known as a small
tropical forest. Mutiara Rini Forest Park is a landscape development project that aims to make the urban
forest a place of recreation and attraction for tourists.

For departments and institutions that want to host events, MPJBT Urban Forest also built Dataran
Sekapur Sirih at a cost of RM24 million, suitable for public programs including Independence Day
celebrations. The landscape development applied on the plaza emphasizes the concept of gambir and
tepak sirih, which are important elements in Malay customs when celebrating public rituals such as
courtship, customs during visits, etc.

The design and concept of the eco-friendly urban forest prioritizes and provides complete social facilities
and humane management of the state's citizens and residents.

Opened in 2009, the MPJBT Urban Forest has 3,027 species of trees, various herbs and tropical flowers,
thus giving it a unique charm in the middle of the city. To develop, beautify and improve the
infrastructure of this forest, MBJBT has allocated RM5.7 million, of which RM3.2 million is borne by the
National Garden Bureau.

The National Assembly is committed to managing the urban forest by placing the Landscape Department
under the Parks Management Unit, which is fully responsible for the maintenance and management of the
system. In appreciation of these natural treasures, MPJBT has allocated RM200,000 for the maintenance
of the urban forest as they want these forests to be used not only for today but also to be inherited to
future generations.
TIMELINE MUTIARA RINI URBAN FOREST

This urban forest has been gazetted as an open area under Section 62 of the National Land Law of 1965.

It was initially developed from a palm oil plantation around 2001 with basic preparations for recreational
purposes.

On 1 March 2006, Mutiara Rini Sdn. Bhd has handed over the entire Mutiara Rini Urban Forest to
MPJBT for continued development.

On 30 May 2006, Morphosis Design Sdn. Bhd developed a master plan for the development of Mutiara
Rini Urban Forest and proposed a design for Sekapur Sireh Square.

The construction of Sekapur Sireh Square commenced on 24 January 2008 and was fully completed on 10
March 2011.

In 2008, Mutiara Rini Urban Forest continued to develop in preparation for the National Landscape Day
celebration and the Johor Malaysia Park Festival 2009.

In March 2011, the MPJBT administration agreed to establish a park management unit under the MPJBT
Landscape Department.
COMMUNITY

According to the Cambridge Dictionary, it is "a person who lives in a particular area or is considered a
unit by virtue of common interest, social group, or nationality. However, it can also be understood as a
group of individuals who share similar political, religious or environmental views.

Community design usually refers to architects working together with residents to shape the built
environment. It aims to enhance the culture, heritage and identity of a place by working with future and
existing users.
Info Iskandar Puteri
Majlis Bandaraya Iskandar Puteri adalah sebuah majlis tempatan yang telah di tubuhkan pada tahun 1953. Bermula dari sebuah
pusat pentadbiran kecil yang kemudiannya digabungkan menjadi Majlis Tempatan, kini Iskandar Puteri telah mencipta sejarah
sekali lagi apabila diisytiharkan sebagai sebuah Pihak Berkuasa Tempatan bertaraf Bandaraya.

Kepesatan pembangunan di Metropolitan Johor Bahru memberi kesan secara langsung kepada kawasan Iskandar Puteri. Keluasan
bagi kawasan sebelum perbandaran adalah 303.5 kilometer persegi. Manakala keluasan kawasan selepas perbandaran pula adalah
338.5 kilometer persegi.

Kriteria utama ini menjadikan Majlis Bandaraya Iskandar Puteri berkemampuan dan berkeupayaan dalam menganjurkan
perancangan pembangunan yang merangkumi pelbagai aspek termasuklah pembangunan infrastruktur dan kemudahan awam,
pembangunan sosio-ekonomi, pembangunan pengindahan, pembangunan pelancongan dan pembangunan teknologi maklumat
(IT).

Daerah di bawah pentadbiran Majlis Bandaraya Iskandar Puteri adalah Skudai, Lima Kedai, Gelang Patah, Kangkar Pulai,
Iskandar Puteri dan Ulu Choh dengan jumlah penduduk seramai 525, 351 orang.

Kini Majlis Bandaraya Iskandar Puteri memiliki segalanya. Perkembangan ini menjadikannya sebagai sebuah kawasan tumpuan
masyarakat sama ada bagi tujuan penempatan mahu pun tempat untuk mencari rezeki.

Majlis Bandaraya Iskandar Puteri akan berusaha lebih gigih bagi mencapai sebuah organisasi peneraju kemajuan, berterusan
selaras dengan kehendak pelanggan untuk menjadi penguasa yang berwibawa dalam mewujudkan perbandaran yang terancang,
berbudaya, indah dan sejahtera. Semoga Majlis Bandaraya Iskandar Puteri akan mencapai kejayaan-kejayaan yang lebih besar di
masa-masa akan datang.

ISKANDAR PUTERI, 26 Okt – Sebanyak RM168,000.00 telah diperuntukkan oleh Majlis Bandaraya Iskandar
Puteri (MBIP) bagi menjayakan 14 projek penyelidikan komuniti rendah karbon.

Dana penyelidikan yang dinamakan sebagai Geran Komuniti Iskandar Puteri Rendah Karbon 1.0 ini diberikan di
bawah jalinan kerjasama lingkaran empat (quadruple helix) antara MBIP dengan Universiti Teknologi Malaysia
(UTM), Pihak Berkuasa Wilayah Pembangunan Iskandar (IRDA), Jabatan Pendidikan Negeri Johor (JPNJ) dan
SWM Environment Sdn. Bhd. (SWM Environment).

Beliau berkata demikian selepas mengiringi Menteri Besar, Datuk Ir. Hasni Mohammad menyempurnakan Majlis
Penyerahan Geran Komuniti Iskandar Puteri Rendah Karbon 1.0 dan Penyampaian Hadiah Pertandingan Kalendar
Iskandar Puteri Rendah Karbon sempena Sesi Libat Urus Menteri Besar Johor bersama Kepimpinan Daerah Johor
Bahru di Hutan Bandar Mutiara Rini pada 18 Oktober 2021.
Jangan silap faham mengenai hutan bandar ni... Hutan bandar di Johor bukanlah hutan sebagaimana yang kita tahu
mengenai hutan di negara kita Malaysia. Hutan bandar adalah sebuah taman rekreasi yang dibina dan berada di
kawasan bandar. Banyak tumbuh-tumbuhan saka ditanam dalam taman (hutan) ini.

Hutan Bandar Majlis Perbandaran Johor Bahru Tengah (MPJBT) yang terletak di Taman Mutiara Rini ini
berkeluasan 25 hektar dan mempunyai 3,200 pokok hutan tropika. Hutan bandar yang menghimpunkan pokok hutan
tropika (arboretum), kini mempunyai 200 spesies berbeza kini menjadi tumpuan orang ramai apabila menyediakan
pelbagai kemudahan dan prasarana untuk riadah.

Hutan di dalam bandar ini merupakan projek pembangunan landskap bertujuan menjadikan hutan bandar sebagai
tempat beriadah serta tarikan pelancong. Pengunjung bukan sahaja boleh beriadah tetapi mengenali jenis pokok
menerusi tanda nama tempatan dan nama botani yang diletakkan di pokok tersebut. Antara pokok yang ada adalah
asam gelugur, keranji, tampoi, tongkat ali, jelutong, kempas, keruing bulu, bachang, johor, gelam, giam jantan, ipoh
dan gaharu.

Komponen lain yang ada di situ seperti bangunan serbaguna, tempat letak kereta, wakaf, menara pandang, taman
bunga dan taman herba.

Bagi memenuhi konsep hutan bandar seperti yang diharapkan oleh warga kota, antara kemudahan yang disediakan
termasuk taman permainan kanak-kanak berskala besar dengan keluasan 0.4 hektar yang boleh menampung 100
kanak-kanak pada satu-satu masa. Hutan bandar tersebut turut menyediakan tasik untuk aktiviti memancing dan bagi
memenuhi minat golongan remaja, MPJBT kini sedang menyiapkan pembinaan tiga gelanggang futsal dan satu
kawasan untuk sukan lasak.

Bagi jabatan dan agensi yang ingin mengadakan sesuatu acara, Hutan Bandar MPJBT ini turut membina Dataran
Sekapur Sirih dengan kos RM24 juta yang sesuai untuk program keramaian termasuk sambutan Hari Kemerdekaan.
Pembangunan landskap yang diterapkan di dataran itu mengenengahkan konsep gambir dan tepak sirih yang
merupakan elemen penting dalam adat Melayu ketika meraikan sesuatu upacara keramaian seperti meminang, adat
ketika bertandang dan sebagainya.

Pusat riadah tersebut juga diserikan dengan pembinaan 24 rumah limas yang menjadi identiti Johor bagi mewakili
24 pihak berkuasa tempatan (PBT) yang terdapat di negeri ini dan boleh digunakan bagi pihak yang ingin
mengadakan seminar, kursus, bengkel ataupun majlis keramaian.

Reka bentuk dan konsep hutan bandar mesra alam itu mengutama dan menyediakan kemudahan sosial yang lengkap
serta mengamalkan pengurusan mesra rakyat kepada warga dan penduduk negeri ini.

Hutan Bandar MPJBT itu dibuka pada 2009 yang mempunyai 3,027 jenis pokok, pelbagai herba dan bunga tropika
sekali gus menjadikannya unik dengan daya tarikan tersendiri di tengah bandar. Usaha membangun, mengindah dan
melengkapkan prasarana di hutan ini melibatkan peruntukan RM5.7 juta ditanggung oleh MBJBT sebanyak RM3.2
juta manakala bakinya oleh Jabatan Landskap Negara.

MPJBT komited dalam menguruskan hutan bandar ini dengan menempatkan Jabatan Landskap di bawah Unit
Pengurusan Taman yang dipertanggungjawabkan sepenuhnya bagi kerja-kerja penyelenggaraan dan pengurusan
yang sistematik. Sebagai menghargai khazanah alam, MPJBT memperuntukkan kos penyelenggaraan hutan bandar
sebanyak RM200,000 kerana mahu hutan itu bukan untuk kegunaan hari ini sahaja malah diwarisi untuk generasi
akan datang.
Di Johor selatan terdapat beberapa hutan bandar yang dibina di kawasan bandar. Antara taman terlibat adalah 25
hektar di Hutan Bandar Majlis Perbandaran Johor Bahru Tengah (MPJBT) di Taman Mutiara Rini, 240 hektar di
Nusajaya dan 36 hektar lagi di Kota Iskandar selain Taman Bunga Istana yang diwujudkan sekitar 1930-an seluas 52
hektar. Kerajaan negeri juga sedang membangunkan kawasan hutan bandar di Kulaijaya bagi menampung
keperluan penduduk kawasan tersebut termasuk Senai yang melibatkan kawasan seluas 80 hektar.

https://prezi.com/p/y2dljbcaeiqu/kajian-guna-tanah-rekreasi-di-hutan-bandar-mutiara-rini-johor/

Introduction

Also knows as Hutan Bandar MBIP, this park is a favorite among residents of Mutiara Rini. There's a large square
for visitors to fly kites and the park is completed with facilities like children playground, jogging track, a lake, and
some Malay traditional buildings as exhibition.

What To Expect?

This is one of the interesting place that you ought not to be missed in Skudai ,the Mutiara
Rini Forest Park is located in Taman Mutiara Rini ,Skudai. The park provide the local
residents with more recreational opportunities and more open space amenities, while
encouraging more active and passive recreation.

There are a lot of recreation activities to be done and facilities to be found here - from the
children playground, to outdoor gym equipments, jogging track, game courts, par course,
exercise squares.
Visitors can also find traditional Malay houses representing each state in Malaysia, with a
Floating Traditional Malay Architecture House above the lake being the main landmark.
Visitors can also find fishes & turtles in the pond.
With the large square in the park, visitors can also bring their kite along and fly it at the
spacious field without worrying that the kite might get tangled.
 HISTORY OF MUTIARA RINI
Mutiara Rini is a suburb in Iskandar Puteri, Johor Bahru District, Johor, Malaysia. It is owned by Mutiara
Rini Sdn Bhd, a member of the Boustead Group. This township was founded in 1996. Before 1996 it was
called Rini Estate. Rini Estate had a lot of oil palms. After 1996, it was called Mutiara Rini. Mutiara Rini had
10,000 houses. It is located within the western corridor of Johor Bahru which is 13 km northwest from Johor
Bahru City Centre and is easily accessible by way of Skudai Highway about 2 km away from the east.

WHAT IS ‘COMMUNITY’ AND THE ROLE OF ARCHITECTURE IN SHAPING COMMUNITIES?

Community is a word that we often use but rarely define. According to the Cambridge dictionary, it is “people living in
one particular area or people who are considered as a unit because of their common interests, social group, or nationality.”
However, it can also be understood as a set of individuals that share similar political, religious, or environmental views.
These groups can be large and extensive – incorporating the views of hundreds of thousands or niche and minuscule –
housing only a handful of like-minded enthusiasts. Communities are malleable, they expand and contract, people leave,
and others join. They are constantly in a state of flux and rarely stay the same for long periods.

In the architecture profession, the word community is frequently used with the words design and engagement. Community
design usually refers to architects working alongside residents to collaboratively shape the built environment. It aims to
enhance the culture, heritage and identity of a place by working with future and existing users. On the other hand,
community engagement strives to provide a sensitive moral dimension to architecture which allows inhabitants to have a
stake in what is built around them. Community-based architecture is an interesting concept because historically,
architectural education has been an extremely individualised pursuit. Traditionally, architecture school has largely
focused on the development of personal skills that seldom require collaboration with others let alone residents and local
communities.
X Historical timeline
X Historical building