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Moment of Inertia Slides-1

This document provides information for the Mechanics of Machine I course, including contact details for the lecturer Ms K Thejane, prescribed textbooks on mechanics and dynamics, recommended additional reading materials, and an outline of Topic 1 which will cover mass moment of inertia including basic definitions, calculations for different shapes using integration, and the theorem of parallel axes. It also provides an example calculation and details of an in-class activity and homework assignment on moment of inertia.

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Thato Tumelo
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161 views20 pages

Moment of Inertia Slides-1

This document provides information for the Mechanics of Machine I course, including contact details for the lecturer Ms K Thejane, prescribed textbooks on mechanics and dynamics, recommended additional reading materials, and an outline of Topic 1 which will cover mass moment of inertia including basic definitions, calculations for different shapes using integration, and the theorem of parallel axes. It also provides an example calculation and details of an in-class activity and homework assignment on moment of inertia.

Uploaded by

Thato Tumelo
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Faculty of Engineering (Mechanical Department)

Mechanics of Machine I
MMM12A

Name: Ms K Thejane
Office: Room 167 BHP
Email: kthejane@cut.ac.za
PRESCRIBED TEXTBOOKS

Theory of machine, first multicolour edition, 1976, by RS Khurmi, 81-219-2524

Engineering mechanics dynamics, 2017, 14th edition, by RC Hibbeler,


Recommended Reading

1. Mechanics of Machines (Elementary Theory and Examples), 4th


edition, Hannah J and Stephens R C, Edward Arnold, ISBN 0-7131-
3471-2
2. Mechanics of Machines (Advanced Theory and Examples), 2nd
edition, Hannah J and Stephens R C, Edward Arnold, ISBN 0-7131-
3254-X
3. Engineering Mechanics; L.J.B. Verreyne and J.F. Snyman (MEC1
Handbook)
4. The Elements of Advanced Machine Design, V.R. Hamilton, R.V.
Setterfield ISBN 0-409-10253-9
TOPIC 1

Mass Moment of Inertia

Engineering mechanics dynamics, 2010, 12th edition, by RC


Hibbeler,

Chapter 17

Section 17.1

Page 395
Basic definitions

➢ Moment of inertia of a body, about its given axis, is a measure


of its resistance to angular acceleration.

➢ It is given by Summation of the products of its mass times


radius square.
It is denoted by I
MASS MOMENT OF INERTIA

➢ Moment of inertia of a body, about its given axis, is a measure


of its resistance to angular acceleration.
➢ Mass moment of inertia varies depending on the distribution
of the mass within the object.

➢ Where the mass is continuous distributed evenly, then the


need to integrate the whole mass to get the total moment of
inertia
dI = 𝒓𝟐 dm

I = r2 dm
MASS MOMENT OF INERTIA

➢ For each shape we will consider a small piece of the object that
has a mass dm.

➢ Find the equations for the these small mass segments that can
then be substitute in to the moment of inertia integral.
MASS MOMENT OF INERTIA

The mass moment of inertia is the integral of the "second


moment“ about an axis of all the elements of mass dm which
compose the body

Unit: kgm2
MASS MOMENT OF INERTIA

➢ Here the "moment arm" r is the perpendicular


distance from the z axis to the arbitrary element
dm.
➢ Since the formulation involves r, the value of I
is different for each axis about which it is
computed.
Example

Determine the moment of inertia of cylinder shown in the sketch


below about the z axis. The density of the material, ρ, is constant.
Solution
MASS MOMENT OF INERTIA ON DIFFERENT SHAPES
Theorem of parallel axes
The moment of inertia of a body about any axis is equal to the moment of inertia of a
body about a parallel axis passing through the center of mass together with the product
of the mass and the square of the distance between the axes.

Parallel Theorem Sketch


Theorem of parallel axes

I O =  dm l 2

I O =  dm [ x 2 + ( y + h) 2 ]

I O =  dm [( x 2 + y 2 ) + 2 yh + h 2 ]

I O =  dm [r 2 + 2 yh + h 2 ]

I O =  dm r 2 +  dm (2 yh) +  dm h 2

I O =  dm r 2 + 2h (  dm y ) +  dm h 2

 dm y = 0
The moment of the mass dm about the X-X axis
 IO =  dm r +  dm h
2 2
passing through the centre of gravity G is zero.
and I O = mr 2 + mh 2
𝐼𝐺 = m𝑟 2 I O = I G + mh2
Theorem of parallel axes

• The moment of inertia of a body about any axis is


equal to the moment of inertia of a body about a
parallel axis through the center of mass together with
the product of the mass and the square of the distance
between the axes.

I O = I G + mh2
RADIUS OF GYRATION
Radius of gyration of a body about an axis of rotation is
defined as the radial distance to a point which would have
the same moment of inertia as of actual body if the total
mass of the body were concentrated on it

If: m = is total mass of the body


Then: I = m.k2

K = Is the radius at which the mass have to be


concentrated to give same value of I
RADIUS OF GYRATION

I = m.k2 = m.k2

K = 𝐼/𝑚
Class work
The pendulum consists of the 3-kg slender rod and the 5-kg thin plate.
then calculate the moment of inertia of the pendulum about an axis
perpendicular to the page and passing through G.

Answer: y = 1.78
I = 4.45 kg.m2
Homework

The pendulum consist of two slender rods AB and OC which have


a mass per unit length of 3 kg/m. The thin circular plate has a mass
per unit area of 12 kg/𝑚2 . Determine:

a. The location of y of the centre of mass G of the pendulum.

b. The moment of inertia of the pendulum about an axis


perpendicular to the page and passing through G.

c. The moment of inertia of the pendulum about an axis


perpendicular to the page and passing through the pin O. Y = 0.888 m
I = 5.61 kg 𝒎𝟐

I = 13.43 kg 𝒎𝟐
Do self-Assessment
Engineering Mechanics Dynamic
(Chapter 17.1)

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