Topic 1

Introduction to Precast Concrete

Structures

Assoc. Prof. Ts. Dr. Izni Syahrizal bin Ibrahim

Director
Forensic Engineering Centre (FEC)

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Why Use Precast?

• Construction Speed
Precast structural systems are ready to be erected when the foundations
are prepared. Construction speed through mass fabrication and erection
helps meet tight deadlines

• Safety
Precast construction keeps the site cleaner and eliminates wet trades and
enhances worker safety

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Why Use Precast?

• Easy Handling
No special equipment or techniques are required to transport or lift a
combination of structural and architectural components

• Multi Purpose Components

Total precast concrete systems allow the architectural panels to serve as
structural components. Spandrel panels can support floor systems and
windows while providing architectural exterior finishes. Precast elevators
and stair cores can support floor systems while providing secure and fire
rated enclosures

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Precast Building in Malaysia

Multi-storey School Building:

Sek. Keb. Brickfield 2,
Kuala Lumpur

IBS Components: Beams, Columns & Hollow Core Slab

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 Precast Building in Malaysia

Shopping Complex:
Jaya Jusco (AEON) Tebrau,
Johor Bahru

IBS Components: Beams, Columns, & Hollow Core Slab

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 Precast Building in Malaysia

Office: CIQ Building,

Johor Bahru

IBS Components: Beams, Columns & Hollow Core Slab

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 Precast Building in Malaysia

Car Park: Persada Johor

IBS Components: Beams, Columns & Hollow Core Slab

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 Precast Building in Malaysia

Two-storey House: IBS Village,

IBS Centre, Kuala Lumpur
IBS Components: Wall Panels combined with Cast In-situ Slab

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 Precast Building in Malaysia
Medium-rise Apartment:
Teachers’ Quarter

IBS Components: Wall Panels combined with Half Slab

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 Precast Building in Malaysia
Medium-rise
Apartment: Police
Quarters Senawang

IBS Components: Precast Concrete Wall Panels combined with Precast

Half Slab
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Precast Building in Malaysia
High-rise Apartment,
Putrajaya

IBS Components: Precast Concrete Wall

Panels combined with Cast In-situ Slab
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 Total Precast System
Total precast concrete building systems are becoming a popular choice for
many construction projects. Architectural and structural precast,
prestressed concrete components can be combined to create the entire
building

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 Precast Concrete Components for Building
Prefabricated components for constructing an IBS building include precast
beams, slabs, columns, load-bearing walls, staircase and many more

Beam

Wall Staircase

Column Hollowcore Slab

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Precast Concrete Beam
• The cross-sections of a precast concrete beam will depend on its
location within a structure, its purpose and how it is connected to
other members
• The simplest will be rectangular, probably with reinforcement links
projecting out of the top around which in situ concrete can be cast.

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Precast Concrete Slab
• Hollow Core Slab
o Precast hollow core flooring units provide long spans with cross-
sections that reduce the height of the building, saving material cost,
and their inorganic composition enhances fire protection
o Local precasters can help determine which sizes, shapes and styles
of components will best suit any individual commercial building
project
o Bringing the precaster into the planning early in the design process
will ensure the precast components maximize their effectiveness in
aesthetic appeal, functionality and cost effectiveness.

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Precast Concrete Slab
• Hollow Core Slab

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Precast Concrete Slab
• Double Tee Slab

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Precast Concrete Slab
• Beam and Block Floor

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Precast Concrete Slab
• Solid Precast Concrete Plank
The main reason of choosing concrete planks rather than hollow core slab is that the
span required for the building is considered short (4 m – 6 m)

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Precast Concrete Column
• A complete precast concrete structural system offers tremendous
advantages and value for commercial buildings
• The use of precast columns makes an ideal framework for hanging
precast panels, creating a design that offers fast construction and
structural stability

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Precast Concrete Column

During Construction After Completion

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Precast Concrete Column

During Construction After Completion

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Precast Concrete Wall Panel
• The conventional precast wall assembly is unique as an exterior wall
because of two factors:
o Sequence of construction
o Presence of large anchors

• The most common sequence of construction for a conventional

precast wall is to install the concrete panels on the structure first, and
then to build the inner wall or "the wall behind the wall"

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Precast Concrete Wall Panel

External Wall

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Precast Concrete Wall Panel

Use of Crane

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Precast Concrete Wall Panel

Spandrel Wall

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Precast Concrete Staircase
• Precast staircase is the same as conventional staircase in shapes and
functions except that precast staircase is prefabricated at factory and
then transported to the construction site to be assembled
• Hence, construction time will be reduced due to the fact that no
formworks and in-situ concrete casting are needed on site to build the
staircase

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Precast Concrete Staircase

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 Precast Concrete Connections
• Connections form the important part of precast concrete construction
• The connection types employed will not only affects the construction
cost and erection speed but also the structural system. For example, if
the connections of beam-to-column are rigid, then the connections
are able to provide full moment continuity and the structural system
can be classified as continuous construction

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 Column-to-Base Connection

• For this connection type, high

tensile steel starter bars are left
protruding from the foundation
• After that, a precast column
with vertical sleeves at the end
is inserted into the starter bars
• The sleeves are then filled with
grout to provide a monolithic
connection

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 Wall Panel-to-Base Connection

• The entire joint and connection

pocket will be filled with non-
shrinkage grout

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Beam-to-Column Connection

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Slab-to-Slab Connection

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THANK YOU

In the Name of God for Mankind

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