MATHEMATICS 2

LESSON

Subtracting
Numbers

Learning Outcomes

After the lesson, the pupils should be able to:

• visualize the important concepts of subtraction;
• subtract 2-to-3 digit numbers with or without regrouping; and
• solve word problems involving subtraction.

ENGAGE

Problem 1. Mang Mario picked 75 ripe mangoes from his farm.

He gave away 23 mangoes to his relatives then brought home
the others for his family. How many ripe mangoes did he bring
home?

How will you find for the

number of ripe
mangoes Mang Mario
brought home?

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LESSON

EXPLORE

We can find the number of mangoes Mang Mario brought

home by subtracting the number of mangoes he picked to the
number of mangoes he gave away to his relatives.

But how do we subtract?

Subtraction means “taking away”. The symbol for

subtraction is the minus sign (-). This sign tells you to take
away one number from another number.

Study the example showing the parts of subtraction sentence.

7 8 minuend (the number that is subtracted from)

- 1 4 subtrahend (the number that is subtracted)

6 4 difference (the number that is left after subtraction)

Now that we know the basic concept of subtraction, let us now

answer the word problem using the five steps in our previous lesson.

• What are the given facts?

75 ripe mangoes he picked from his farm
23 mangoes he gave to his relatives
• What is asked in the problem?
How many ripe mangoes did he brought home?
• What is the operation to be used?
The operation to be used is subtraction.
• What is the number sentence?
75 - 23 =
• What is the answer to the problem?

We can get the difference by writing the numbers

vertically. Align the digits with the same place value.
7 5 Therefore, Mang Mario brought
- 2 3 home 52 ripe mangoes.

5 2

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LESSON

• What are the given facts?

335 sheets of bond paper used in printing
540 sheets of bond paper in her cabinet
• What is asked in the problem?
How many sheets of bond paper were left in her cabinet
after printing the modules?
• What is the operation to be used?
The operation to be used is subtraction.
• What is the number sentence?
REMINDER: The minuend should always be higher than
the subtrahend.
540 - 335 =
• What is the answer to the problem?
Write the numbers vertically. Always align the digits with
the same place value.

5 4 0
3 3 5
Notice that, the minuend in the ones place is 0. Thus, we cannot
subtract it to the subtrahend since 5 is greater than 0. Therefore, we need
to borrow from the tens place.

3 10
5 4 0
3 3 5

Step 1: The nearest place value Step 2. 1 tens = 10 ones or 10. Add
higher than ones is tens, therefore what we borrowed to the digit in the
we borrow 1 tens from the digit in the ones place 0.
tens place. Since the digit in the tens
place is 4 or 4 tens, after borrowing 10 + 0 = 10
it becomes 3 or 3 tens.

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LESSON subtract now the minuend from

After regrouping the digits,
the subtrahend.

Step 3: Step 2: Step 1:

5–3=2 3–3=0 10- 5 = 5

Therefore, there are 205 sheets of bond paper left in her

cabinet after printing the modules.

Let us try other examples in subtracting with regrouping.

5 1 7
2 3 6

Step 1:

7–6=1
Notice that, the minuend in the tens place is lower than the
subtrahend. Therefore, we borrow from the digit in the hundreds place.
4 11
5 1 7
2 3 6
Step 1: The nearest place value Step 2. 1 hundreds = 10 tens or 100. Add
higher than tens is hundreds, what we borrowed to the digit in the tens
therefore we borrow 1 hundreds place 1.
from the digit in the hundreds place.
Since the digit in the hundreds 10 + 1 = 11
place is 5 or 5 hundreds, after
borrowing it becomes 4 or 4
hundreds.

4 11
5 1 7
2 3 6
2 8 1
4–2=2 11 – 3 = 8 7–6=1

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EVALUATE LESSON

A. Subtract the following numbers.

1. 778 6. 82
- 589 - 69

2. 532 7. 345
- 375 - 327

3. 930 8. 145
- 489 - 118

4. 712 9. 666
- 98 - 329

5. 610 10. 101

- 591 - 83

B. Subtract the following numbers.

1. 747 6. 888
- 115 - 84

2. 509 7. 42
- 301 - 22

3. 73 8. 896
- 42 - 514

4. 578 9. 436
- 427 - 106

5. 759 10. 82
- 448 - 51

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LESSON
C. Read the following problems carefully and solve.

1. Carlo had 87 marbles. He gave 18 to Dave and 6 to Sammy. How

many does he have left?

2. The aquarium has a lot of fish tanks. They bought 28 more fish and
now the aquarium has 149 fish. How many fish did the aquarium
have to begin with?

3. Alyssa had 129 cookies. Aiyanna has 140 cookies and 34 crackers.
How many more cookies does Aiyanna have than Alyssa?

4. Danny had some noodles. He gave 12 noodles to Willy. Now

Danny only has 54 noodles. How many noodles did Danny have to
begin with?

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LESSON
5. Harvey had 25 meatballs and 6 potatoes on her plate. Kylie get
some of her meatballs. Now Harvey has 11 meatballs on her plate.
How many meatballs did Kylie steal?

6. Mrs. Susan has 11 cats. How many more cats does Mrs. Susan
need to have 43 cats?

7. Mrs. Sally has 34 cards. Mrs. Geneza has 82 cards. How many
more cards does Mrs. Geneza have than Mrs. Sally?

8. Mrs. Lanie had 332 flowers in her garden. She picked 21 of them
and gave them to 4 friends. How many flowers does she have left?

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LESSON
9. Mrs. Felizidad had 58 gifts. She gave some to her students. Now
she has 16. How many gifts did Mrs. Felizidad give to her students?

10. Mrs. Jasmine made 86 heart cookies. She made 36 red cookies,
6 brown cookies and the rest are pink. How many pink cookies did
she make?

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