GRAMMAR

Conditional Perfect
Conditional perfect is an English grammatical tense. It indicates an action that someone would
have done in the past. It describes what one would have done differently or how something could
have occured differently if the events had been different.

Form
would + have + past participle
The modal 'would' can be replaced with could, might and should:
 could have done
 might have done
 should have done

Affirmative
I would have traveled around the world.

Interrogative
Would you have traveled around the world?

Negative
I wouldn't have stayed in my hometown.

Use
 Conditional perfect is used for something that might have happened in the past.
 It is used in the main clause of conditional sentences type III.

Examples
 She would have met him if she had come earlier.
 You would have got more money if you had worked harder.
 If he had studied harder, he would have passed the test.
 If we had run faster, we could have arrived on time.

The conditional sentences type III stucture is as follows:

If + past perfect..., + conditional perfect (would + have + past participle)
Conditional perfect (would + have + past participle) + if + past perfect
https://www.myenglishpages.com/english/grammar-lesson-conditional-perfect.php

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 GRAMÁTICA

Perfecto Condicional
El condicional perfecto es un tiempo gramatical en inglés. Indica una acción que alguien habría
hecho en el pasado. Describe lo que uno habría hecho de manera diferente o cómo algo podría
haber ocurrido de manera diferente si los eventos hubieran sido diferentes.

Forma
would + have + participio pasado
El modal 'would' se puede reemplazar con could , might y should :
 podría haber hecho
 podría haber hecho
 debería haber hecho

Afirmativo
Habría viajado por todo el mundo.

Interrogativo
¿Hubieras viajado por todo el mundo?

Negativo
No me hubiera quedado en mi ciudad natal.

Usar
 El condicional perfecto se usa para algo que podría haber sucedido en el pasado.
 Se utiliza en la oración principal de las oraciones condicionales tipo III .

Ejemplos
 Ella lo habría conocido si hubiera venido antes.
 Habrías obtenido más dinero si hubieras trabajado más duro.
 Si hubiera estudiado más, habría aprobado el examen.
 Si hubiéramos corrido más rápido, podríamos haber llegado a tiempo.

La estructura de las oraciones condicionales tipo III es la siguiente:
If + pretérito perfecto..., + condicional perfecto (would + have + participio pasado)
Condicional perfecto (would + have + participio pasado) + if + pasado perfecto
https://www.myenglishpages.com/english/grammar-lesson-conditional-perfect.php

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 Past Unreal Conditional Exercises
The past unreal conditional form, also known as the third conditional or conditional 3, is used to
express imagined situations that would have happened differently under other hypothetical
circumstances. This conditional talks about a fictitious past, hence the term "unreal conditional",
by altering one aspect of a scenario to change its outcome.

Past Unreal Conditional

Sentences in the third conditional contain two clauses: a main clause or "if" clause and a
conditional independent clause or "would have" clause. The outcome of the conditional clause is
determined by the occurrences of the main clause, but both clauses
are grammatically independent of each other. Because of this, the order of the two clauses does
not matter.

Within each independent clause of a past unreal conditional, there are past tense verbs that can
either be positive or negative (depending on whether the situation expressed is something that
would have or would not have happened under different circumstances). The "if" clause of a past
unreal conditional sentence contains a past perfect verb and the "would have" clause contains
a conditional perfect verb.

The two past unreal conditional sentence structures are:

1. "If" + subject + past perfect verb + object[s], subject + conditional perfect verb + object[s].
2. Subject + conditional perfect verb + object[s] + "if" + subject + past perfect verb + object[s].

The only difference between the two structures is the order of the clauses and the necessary
comma before the second clause in sentences beginning with a "would have" expression.

The following example sentences show the past unreal conditional clause.

 If he had finished his work on time, we would have been able to play another round of golf
yesterday.
 They could have had a better day if it hadn't rained the whole time they were at the beach.
 If the meeting had been successful, we might have become partners with Smith and Co.
 Jane would have agreed to marry Tom if he had asked her.

Past Unreal Conditional with Wish

The past unreal conditional is often used specifically to communicate an

imagined, desirable result. More often than not, the scenario expressed in a past unreal
conditional statement is preferable to reality. "Wish" (in the present tense) can be added to a
sentence in the third conditional to express a more ideal result and past perfect verbs, again
either positive or negative, accompany the subject of these sentences.

The past unreal conditional sentence structure with "wish" is: Subject + "wish[es]" + subject +
past perfect verb + object[s].

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Examples:

 I wish I'd had more time to study when I was younger.

 She wishes she had been promoted to CEO.
 They wish that they had had the foresight to order their food sooner.

Worksheet 1

Conjugate the base verb in parentheses in the correct tense for the third conditional.

1. If they _____ (have) the time, they would have attended the meeting.
2. Jason _____ (recognize) the winner if he had been able to see them.
3. If I _____ (know) his name, I would have said hello.
4. If the president had been informed in time of the changes, he _____ (make) a different
decision.
5. If Mary _____ (try) again, she would have been successful.
6. The children wouldn't have been so upset if they _____ (give, use passive voice) the
candy.
7. If Jerry _____ (spend) more money on the repair work, the car would have driven better.
8. We _____ (believe) them if they had told us the whole story.
9. She would have finished the report on time if she _____ (know) all the facts beforehand.
10. We would not _____ (go) on vacation if we hadn't found that rental house for a great price.

Worksheet 2

Conjugate the base verb in parentheses in the correct tense for the third conditional.

1. She _____ (wish) she had known about the problems.

2. If they _____ (ask) the right questions, they _____ (receive) the right answers.
3. She wouldn't have been allowed to speak if she _____ (disagree) with his point of view.
4. I know they _____ (wish) they had thought twice before doing that.
5. We wish we _____ (know) about those people.
6. Alice wouldn't _____ (speak) to him if she had known what he was going to say.
7. They wouldn't have taken her hard work for granted if she _____ (ask) them to help her
prepare dinner.
8. She wishes she _____ (apply) for the bank position when it was still open.
9. If I _____ (invest) in Apple years ago, I would have become a millionaire!
10. Oliver would _____ (know) the answer if you had asked him.

Ejercicios condicionales irreales pasados

La forma condicional irreal del pasado, también conocida como tercera condicional o condicional
3, se usa para expresar situaciones imaginadas que habrían sucedido de manera diferente en
otras circunstancias hipotéticas. Este condicional habla de un pasado ficticio, de ahí el término
"condicional irreal", al alterar un aspecto de un escenario para cambiar su resultado.

Pasado Condicional Irreal

Las oraciones en el tercer condicional contienen dos cláusulas: una cláusula principal o cláusula
"si" y una cláusula independiente condicional o cláusula "tendría". El resultado de la cláusula
condicional está determinado por las apariciones de la cláusula principal, pero ambas cláusulas
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son gramaticalmente independientes entre sí. Debido a esto, el orden de las dos cláusulas no
importa.

Dentro de cada cláusula independiente de un condicional irreal pasado, hay verbos en tiempo
pasado que pueden ser positivos o negativos (dependiendo de si la situación expresada es algo
que habría sucedido o no en otras circunstancias). La cláusula "if" de una oración condicional
pasada irreal contiene un verbo en pasado perfecto y la cláusula "would have" contiene
un verbo condicional perfecto.

Las dos estructuras de oraciones condicionales irreales pasadas son:

1. "If" + sujeto + verbo pretérito perfecto + objeto[s], sujeto + verbo condicional perfecto +
objeto[s].
2. Sujeto + verbo condicional perfecto + objeto[s] + "if" + sujeto + verbo en pasado perfecto
+ objeto[s].

La única diferencia entre las dos estructuras es el orden de las cláusulas y la coma necesaria
antes de la segunda cláusula en oraciones que comienzan con una expresión "would have".

Las siguientes oraciones de ejemplo muestran la cláusula condicional irreal del pasado.

 Si hubiera terminado su trabajo a tiempo, habríamos podido jugar otra ronda de golf ayer.
 Podrían haber tenido un mejor día si no hubiera llovido todo el tiempo que estuvieron en
la playa.
 Si la reunión hubiera tenido éxito, podríamos habernos asociado con Smith and Co.
 Jane habría accedido a casarse con Tom si él se lo hubiera pedido.

Pasado irreal condicional con deseo

El pasado irreal condicional a menudo se usa específicamente para comunicar un resultado

imaginado y deseable . La mayoría de las veces, el escenario expresado en una declaración
condicional irreal pasada es preferible a la realidad. "Wish" (en tiempo presente) se puede
agregar a una oración en el tercer condicional para expresar un resultado más ideal y los verbos
en pasado perfecto, nuevamente positivos o negativos, acompañan al sujeto de estas oraciones.

La estructura de la oración condicional irreal en pasado con "deseo" es: Sujeto + "deseo[es]" +
sujeto + verbo en pasado perfecto + objeto[s].

Ejemplos:

 Ojalá hubiera tenido más tiempo para estudiar cuando era más joven.
 Desearía haber sido ascendida a directora ejecutiva.
 Desearían haber tenido la previsión de ordenar su comida antes.

Hoja de trabajo 1

Conjuga el verbo base entre paréntesis en el tiempo correcto para el tercer condicional.

1. Si _____ (tienen) el tiempo, habrían asistido a la reunión.

2. Jason _____ (reconocer) al ganador si hubiera podido verlos.
3. Si _____ (sé) su nombre, le hubiera dicho hola.

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 4. Si el presidente hubiera sido informado a tiempo de los cambios, _____ (tomar) una
decisión diferente.
5. Si Mary _____ (intentar) de nuevo, habría tenido éxito.
6. Los niños no se habrían enfadado tanto si _____ (dar, usar la voz pasiva ) los dulces.
7. Si Jerry _____ (gastara) más dinero en el trabajo de reparación, el automóvil se habría
manejado mejor.
8. Los _____ (creeríamos) si nos hubieran contado toda la historia.
9. Habría terminado el informe a tiempo si _____ (conociera) todos los hechos de antemano.
10. No _____ (ir) de vacaciones si no hubiéramos encontrado esa casa de alquiler a un precio
excelente.

Hoja de trabajo 2

Conjuga el verbo base entre paréntesis en el tiempo correcto para el tercer condicional.

1. Ella _____ (desearía) haber sabido acerca de los problemas.

2. Si _____ (hacen) las preguntas correctas, _____ (reciben) las respuestas correctas.
3. No se le habría permitido hablar si _____ (no estuviera de acuerdo) con su punto de vista.
4. Sé que _____ (desearían) haberlo pensado dos veces antes de hacer eso.
5. Deseamos _____ (saber) acerca de esas personas.
6. Alice no _____ (hablaría) con él si hubiera sabido lo que iba a decir.
7. No habrían dado por sentado su arduo trabajo si ella _____ (pidiera) que la ayudaran a
preparar la cena.
8. Desea _____ (solicitar) el puesto en el banco cuando aún estaba abierto.
9. Si _____ (invierto) en Apple hace años, ¡me habría convertido en millonario!
10. Oliver _____ (sabría) la respuesta si le hubieras preguntado.

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CONDITIONAL SENTENCES. (ORACIONES
CONDICIONALES)

Recuerda que en una oración condicional siempre hay dos partes.

En inglés hay tres tipos de oraciones condicionales:

CONDICIONALES DE TIPO 1 : PROBABLES

Hay un 100 % de posibilidades de que la condición se cumpla si se cumple una de las partes de la condición:
IF + PRESENTE / FUTURO
If you phone me I will go to the cinema.
(La parte del IF puede ir al principio o al final, pero siempre seguido de presente si se trata de una condicional de tipo
1)

CONDICIONALES DE TIPO 2: IMPROBABLES

Las posibilidades de que se cumpla la condición se reducen a un 50%.

IF + PASADO SIMPLE / WOULD + INFINITIVO
COULD + INFINITIVO
If I know your address I would visit you
I had money I could travel all over the world.

CONDICIONALES TIPO 3: IMPOSIBLES

No existe ninguna posibilidad de que se cumpla la condición, la situación ha tenido lugar en el pasado y no hay
posibilidad de cambiar el pasado.
IF + PAST PERFECT / WOULD HAVE + PAST PARTICIPLE
If you had studied more you would have passed the exam

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EJERCICIOS

A) Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tenses:

1. If you pass your examination we (have) -------------- a celebration.
2. You would play better bridge if you (not talk) ---------------so much.
3. What (happen) --------------- if I press this button?
4. If you (wear) ----------------------- a false beard nobody would have recognized you.
5. If you go to Paris where (you / stay) ------------------------- ?
6. If the milkman (come) ----------------------- tell him to leave two pints.
7. Someone (sit)-------------------------- on your glasses if you leave them there.
8. If you (read) ---------------------- the instructions carefully you wouldn’t have answered the wrong question.
9. If you shake that bottle of port it ( not be) -------------------- fit to drink.
10. If I had known that you couldn’t eat octopus I (not buy) ------------------------ it.
11. What (I / do) -------------------- if I hear the burglar alarm?
12. I (bring) --------------------- you some beer if I had known that you were thirsty.
13. If anyone attacked me my dog (jump) --------------------------- at his throat.
14. If you had touched that electric cable you (be) -----------------electrocuted.
15. You (not be) --------------------- any use to me if you don’t learn to type.
B) Finish these sentences taking care to use the correct tenses, all of them are conditional sentences:
1. If the volcano starts erupting----------------
2. He would lend it to you if-------------------
3. If you had asked him his permission--------------------
4. If you tried to climb without a guide-----------------
5. If the fire had been noticed earlier----------------------
6. If you leave the gate open-----------------------------
7. If you had any sense---------------------
8. If I had had a car------------------------------
9. You will have to go to the dentist----------------
10. If Tom rings while I am out----------------------------
11. You wouldn’t have been angry----------------------
12. If you didn’t shake the camera so much the photographs-------------
13. Her life would have been saved if ----------------------
14. If you don’t put enough stamps on a letter----------------
15. If this hotel doesn’t get another cook----------------

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