Shree Ambabai Talim Sanstha’s

SANJAY BHOKARE GROUP OF INSTITUTES, MIRAJ

FACULTY OF POLYTECHNIC
Institute Code: 1552

Department Of Civil Engineering

Micro Project Report
On

Collet information of components of building

Prepared By

Roll no. Enrolment No. Name

2101 2015520003 SARVESH SURESH MORE
2105 2015520007 NEMADE RUSHIKESH SANJAY
SANADE MUJJAMIL
2107 2015520036
FAKRUDDINALI
2113 2115520172 PAWAR OMKAR SURESH
2114 2115520173 JADHAV ATHARV ANIL

Under the Guidance of

Ms.K.I. Upasi

Submitted To

Maharashtra State Board of Technical Education, Mumbai

(Autonomous) (ISO-9001-2008) (ISO/IEC 27001:2013)
Academic Year 2020-2021
 MAHARASHTRA STATE
BOARD OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION
Certificate
This is to certify that following students,

Roll no. Enrolment No. Name

2101 2015520003 SARVESH SURESH MORE
2105 2015520007 NEMADE RUSHIKESH SANJAY
SANADE MUJJAMIL
2107 2015520036
FAKRUDDINALI
2113 2115520172 PAWAR OMKAR SURESH
2114 2115520173 JADHAV ATHARV ANIL

of Third Semester of Diploma in Civil Engineering , of Institute ATS Sanjay

Bhokare Group Of Institutes, Faculty Of Polytechnic, Miraj. (Code: 1552) are
completed the Micro Project work satisfactorily in course Building
Construction(22304) for the academic year 2021to 2022 as prescribed in the
curriculum.

Place: Miraj Enrollment No: 2015520003

Date: Exam. Seat No: 159851

Subject Teacher Head of the Department Principal

Mr.K.I. Upasi Mrs.G.P. Gavane Mr.C.P. Divte

 Annexure – I

PART A – Micro-Project Proposal

Title of Micro-Project
1.0 Brief Introduction
A building, or edifice, is a structure with a roof and walls standing more or less permanently in one
place, such as a house or factory. Buildings come in a variety of sizes, shapes, and functions, and
have been adapted throughout history for a wide number of factors, from building
materials available, to weather conditions, land prices, ground conditions, specific uses, and aesthetic
reasons. To better understand the term building compare the list of non building structures.
Buildings serve several societal needs – primarily as shelter from weather, security, living space,
privacy, to store belongings, and to comfortably live and work. A building as a shelter represents a
physical division of the human habitat (a place of comfort and safety) and the outside (a place that at
times may be harsh and harmful).
Ever since the first cave paintings, buildings have also become objects or canvasses of much artistic
expression. In recent years, interest in sustainable planning and building practices has also become an
intentional part of the design process of many new buildings and other structures.
The basic Components of a Building Structure are the Footing, Column, Beam, Slab, Lintel, Doors,
Windows, Sill, DPC. Earth Filling, Parapet Wall, etc.
2.0 Aim of the Micro-Project
This Micro-Project aims at:
a) To identify various types of building components.
b) Learn safe building construction practices.

3.0 Intended Course Outcomes

a) Identify components of building structures.
b) Execute safe practices in building construction activities.

4.0 Literature Review

Conventional and Prefabricated Components in Building Construction
The development and application of onsite and precast building is very different in the various
countries. Traditionally, cast-in-place construction has been primary method for buildings.
Prefabricated systems are a growing technology to aid in rapid building construction to minimize
delays. Prefabrication also improves the quality of product because elements are manufactured under
controlled conditions in the plant and high-performance materials may be used during casting.
Prefabrication also improves safety in the work zone by reducing the amount of activity that is
required over traffic or at high elevations to construct the high-rise buildings. Prefabricated Building
construction can be used for new projects as well as building rehabilitation. Prefabricated building
construction will result in rapid construction and minimized delays during the course of project. Fast
track construction systems use prefabrication components to rapidly erect a construction.

A building's structure components are the physical elements that support its weight, as well as any
additional weight the building may bear while it stands. Not all physical characteristics of a building
are structure components. For example, the wallpaper or an appliance does not bear weight loads and
is therefore not a structural component of the building.
Because the engineering behind buildings is largely the same from building to building, you can find
the same structure components in almost all types. These structure components fit into two
categories: the superstructure, which is above the ground, and the substructure which is below the
ground.

5.0 Proposed Methodology

Firstly discussed and finalized the topic then started the preparation of submission of proposal. All
members in group discussed and planed layout of micro project then after having preference of
various books of basic survey and various websites from Google chrome we all were prepared with
our micro project content. Then we have discussed about all required resources raw material etc. and
collected them. Then the report was completed by our all group members, and was ready to submit.
5.0 Resources Required

S. No. Name of Specifications Qty Remarks

Resource/material

1 Laptop Any windows or ios 1 Per batch

2 Websites, book Ijrcte.in, researchgate.in 2 Per batch

Author of book –S.P. Arora and
Bindra

6.0 Action Plan

S. Details of activity Planned Planned Finish Name of

No. Start date date Responsible
Team Members
1 Selected group member 01Oct 2021 06 Oct 2021 All members

2 Selected topic 07Oct 2021 14 Oct 2021 All Members

3 We discussed with guide 15Oct 2021 22Oct 2021 All members
4 Collected rough information 23Oct 2021 01Nov 2021 All members
5 Conformed collected data 02Nov 2021 09Nov2021 All members
6 Arranged the information in 10Nov 2021 17Nov 2021 All members
given format
7 Check the information by our 18Nov 2021 25 Nov 2021 All members
teacher
8 Printed the collected 26Nov 2021 02 Dec 2021 All members
information and arrange it in
file
 **************
Annexure – II

PART B – Micro-Project Report

Title of Micro-Project
1.0 Rationale
The stability of a building relies on the construction team's understanding of the surrounding soil and
the weight of the structure that needs to be supported. To construct a building can withstand its own
weight and any additional pressure, it is important to understand what the structural components of a
building are. If you are interested in construction, understanding the purposes of basic structure
components will help you broaden your knowledge of best building practices. In this article, we
discuss what a building structure component is and 14 different building structure components.
2.0 Course Outcomes Addressed
a) Identify components of building structures.
b) Execute safe practices in building construction activities.

3.0 Literature Review

The development and application of onsite and precast building is very different in the
various countries. Traditionally, cast-in-place construction has been primary method for buildings.
Prefabricated systems are a growing technology to aid in rapid building construction to minimize
delays. Prefabrication also improves the quality of product because elements are manufactured under
controlled conditions in the plant and high-performance materials may be used during casting.
Prefabrication also improves safety in the work zone by reducing the amount of activity that is
required over traffic or at high elevations to construct the high-rise buildings. Prefabricated Building
construction can be used for new projects as well as building rehabilitation. Prefabricated building
construction will result in rapid construction and minimized delays during the course of project. Fast
track construction systems use prefabrication components to rapidly erect a construction.

A building's structure components are the physical elements that support its weight, as well as any
additional weight the building may bear while it stands. Not all physical characteristics of a building
are structure components. For example, the wallpaper or an appliance does not bear weight loads and
is therefore not a structural component of the building.
Because the engineering behind buildings is largely the same from building to building, you can find
the same structure components in almost all types. These structure components fit into two
categories: the superstructure, which is above the ground, and the substructure which is below the
ground.
4.0 Actual Methodology Followed

1. Discussed and finalized of Topic

2. Preparation of submission of proposal
3. Planning layout of micro project
4. Content preparation
5. Discuss about required resources
6. Create the report
7. Final submisin of project

5.0 Actual Resources Used

S. No. Name of Specifications Qty Remarks
Resource/material

1 Laptop Any windows or ios 1 Per batch

2 Websites, book Ijrcte.in, researchgate.in 2 Per batch

Author of book –S.P. Arora and
Bindra

6.0 Outputs of the Micro-Project

14 most common building structure components:
FOUNDATION
The foundation is the lowest load-bearing part of a building. The foundation is usually concrete, and
it is the first component built. The foundation distributes the weight from the structure on top evenly
onto the soil underneath it.
A well-made foundation can prevent common construction problems for a building that can develop
over time, like a cracking foundation or uneven load-bearing. A foundation's success depends on how
well it transfers weight to the soil underneath it, so construction teams may study the behavior of the
soil in the construction area to construct the right foundation that can work with the soil and prevent
sinking.

PLINTH
The plinth is the structure component built directly on top of the foundation. It is typically a
rectangular wall of stone that goes along the outer dimensions of the structure. The plinth raises the
floor of the building to a few centimeters above the level of the soil outside the structure in order to
prevent groundwater from getting into the building. This component separates the substructure of the
foundation from the superstructure of the rest of the building.

DPC OR DAMP PROOF COURSE

A damp proof course is a layer of waterproof material that works to keep out any moisture from
entering the building and compromising the materials. This layer typically goes on top of the
foundation. A plinth works as a DPC, but where there is not a plinth, you can use asphalt or
waterproof cement. You can build the rest of the structure on top of this layer.

PLINTH BEAM
A Plinth beam is a beam that runs horizontally along the foundation from one side of the plinth to
another, to support the weight of a wall that will go on top of it. Plinth beams can be concrete or
stone.

FLOOR
The floor is a flat horizontal surface that supports people and furniture. Flooring goes on top of the
DPC level, and there are a variety of materials you can use. The purpose of flooring is to provide a
dry and hygienic ground to your structure. Depending on the type of building, you can have multiple
floors. Any floors below the soil level outside of the building are basement floors. Floors at or
slightly above the outside soil level are ground floors. Structures that have multiple levels above the
ground number their floors based on their relativity to the ground floor.

SLAB
A slab is a vertical base component that works as a floor and a ceiling. In a one-story building, the
slab is the roof. In structures that are multiple stories, the slab is the ceiling of one story and floor of
the story above it. The slab transfers the weight from the story above it vertically to the walls and
columns that support the structure.

WALL
Walls are vertical structure components that support the roof. They also provide security and
protection from outside weather. You can use a variety of materials to construct a wall, depending on
whether it is an exterior or interior wall.
Exterior walls line the perimeter of the structure and can protect the inside of the structure from
weather and moisture, as well as provide privacy. Interior walls make up the design and spatial
structure of the interior of the building. Some interior walls are necessary to hold the weight of the
roof, but some walls are only used to segment off space.

SHEAR WALL
A shear wall is a vertical component that is reinforced to withstand earthquakes or storms. They work
by adding additional support to the wall by transferring additional pressure caused by strong winds or
shaking from the vertical wall to the horizontal foundation.

COLUMN
A column is a vertical load-bearing component that supports the roof by connecting it to the floor. It
does not protect from weather or provide privacy because it is typically as thick as it is wide and
strategically placed within a structure to support weight.
You can use a column to support weight instead of a wall, as long as the column is big enough to
withstand the weight of the roof and any additional weight you place on it. You can also use a
column as a visual feature if it is not carrying weight.

ROOF
The roof is the uppermost structural element of a building. It provides covering for the rest of the
structure to protect it from weather. You can construct a flat or sloped roof out of a variety of
materials, depending on what is best suited for the weather of the region. The roof is a weight that
rests on other load-bearing structures. The load that the roof bears is mostly its own weight, as well
as any additional pressure from weather.

STAIRCASE
A staircase is made up of a collection of steps that allow movement from one floor to another. It has
to bear its own weight and anyone walking on it. You can consider the space available when deciding
the layout of the staircase, as well as the materials used.

TIE BEAM
A tie beam runs between columns to support the weight the columns carry. These are typically used
to support columns that are holding up tall ceilings. Columns that are too long need to be reinforced
to prevent buckling under the weight of the high roof.

LINTEL
A lintel is made of a slab of concrete or metal that goes above an opening in a wall, like a window or
a doorway. The lintel supports the piece of wall above the opening, distributing the weight to the
stronger sides of the wall on either side, and reinforcing the wall where it is weak, above the opening.

SILL
A sill is a part of a wall just under an opening like a window. You can reinforce the sill to support the
weight of the window frame.
7.0 Skill Developed / learning out of this Micro-Project
• Identify components of building structures.
• Execute safe practices in building construction activities.
8.0 Applications of this Micro-Project
Civil engineers design, construct, supervise, operate, and maintain large construction projects and
systems, including roads, buildings, airports, tunnels, dams, bridges, and systems for water supply
and sewage treatment. Many civil engineers work in design, construction, research, and education.
9.0 Area of Future Improvement

Technical knowledge is just as important as physical competence. About 36 percent of contractors

fail due to a lack of adequate training and inexperience with particular types of work. Familiarity
with the materials and tools needed to fill a wide range of construction services is invaluable to a
worker’s skill set. Some skills you should possess include:
• Masonry
• Surveying
• Ironwork
• Plumbing
• HVAC
• Demolition
• Building and repair of structures, highways, and bridges
• Renovations
• Framing
• Roofing
• Knowledge of and experience with building materials
• Power tools
• Wall covering
It’s also important to know and distinguish the different types of heavy equipment needed for
various tasks. For example, there are several bulldozer types that are better at handling
materials than others.
**************
 Annexure – III

Teacher Evaluation Sheet

Name of Student: ………………………………………………………… Enrollment No.

……………………………………
Name of Programme………………………………………………… Semester:
………………………………………… Course Title
………………………………………………………………..
Code:………………………………………………………………

Title of the Micro-Project:

…………………………………………………………………………………………………….

(For Office Use Only)

Course Outcomes Achieved
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………..
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………….
Evaluation as per Suggested Rubric for Assessment of Micro Project
✓ (Please tick in appropriate cell for each characteristic)
S. Characteristic to Poor Average Good Excellent
No be assessed ( Marks 1-3 ) ( Marks 4 - 5 ) ( Marks 6 - 8 ) ( Marks 9- 10 )
.
1 Relevance to the Relate to very Related to some Take care of at- Take care of more
course few LOs Los least one CO than one CO
✓ ..
2 Literature Not more than At-least 5 relevant At –least 7 relevant About 10 relevant
Survey two sources sources, at least 2 sources, most latest sources, most latest
/information (primary and latest
collection secondary), very
old reference

3 Completion of Completed less Completed 50 to Completed 60 to Completed more

the Target as than 50% 60% 80% than 80 %
per project
proposal
4 Analysis of Data Sample Size Sufficient and Sufficient and Enough data
and small, data appropriate sample, appropriate sample, collected by
representation neither organized enough data enough data sufficient and
nor presented generated but not generated which is appropriate sample
well organized and not organized and size. Proper
presented well. No presented well but inferences drawn
or poor inferences poor inferences by organising and
drawn drawn presenting data
through tables,
S. Characteristic to Poor Average Good Excellent
No be assessed ( Marks 1-3 ) ( Marks 4 - 5 ) ( Marks 6 - 8 ) ( Marks 9- 10 )
.
charts and graphs.

5 Quality of Incomplete Just Well Well

Prototype/Model fabrication/assem assembled/fabricat assembled/fabricat assembled/fabricat
bly. ed and parts are not ed with proper ed with proper
functioning well. functioning parts. functioning parts.
Not in proper In proper shape, In proper shape,
shape, dimensions within tolerance within tolerance
beyond tolerance dimensions and dimensions and
limit. good good
Appearance/finish finish/appearance. finish/appearance.
is shabby. But no creativity in Creativity in design
design and use of and use of material
material

6 Report Very short, poor Nearly sufficient Detailed, correct Very detailed,
Preparation quality sketches, and correct details and clear correct, clear
Details about about methods, description of description of
methods, material, methods, materials, methods, materials,
material, precautions and precautions and precautions and
precaution and conclusion, but Conclusions. conclusions.
conclusions clarity is not there Sufficient Graphic Enough tables,
omitted, some in presentation. But Description. charts and sketches
details are wrong not enough graphic
description.

7 Presentation Major Includes major Includes major Well organized,

information is information but not information and includes major
not included, well organized and well organized but information ,well
information is not presented well not presented well presented
not well
organized .
8 Any other
(depending upon
nature of project:
please write
indicators by pen)

Defense Could not reply Replied to Replied properly to Replied most of the
9 to considerable considerable considerable questions properly
number of number of number of
question. questions but not question.
very properly
 MIcro-Project Evaluation Sheet

Process Assessment Product Assessment Total

Part A - Project Project Methodology Part B - Project individual Marks
Proposal (2 marks) Report/Working Model Presentation/Viva 10
(2 marks) (2 marks) (4 marks)

Note:
Every course teacher is expected to assign marks for group evolution for each group of students in first 3
columns as per rubrics & individual evaluation in 4TH column for each group of students as per rubrics based
on viva.

Comments/Suggestions about team work/leadership/inter-personal communication (if any)

………………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………..
……………………………………………………………………………………………..
……………………………………………………………………………………………..

Any Other Comment:

……………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………
……………………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………………………

Name and designation of the Faculty Member…………………………………….

Signature………………………………………………………………………………

Date:………………………..