Scribd
Upload
841 views30 pages

Design Codes and Standards For Biogas System

The document discusses key design codes and standards for biogas systems, including: 1. The Water Environment Federation's Manual of Practice 8 which covers topics like gas production rates, temperature effects, and mixing efficiency. 2. Standards like ANSI/CSA B149.6 and NFPA 820 which provide guidelines for safety equipment selection, gas piping requirements, and waste gas burner placement. 3. The Recommended Standards for Wastewater Facilities (Ten States Standards) which specifies additional local design criteria.

Uploaded by

Nazrul Islam
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
841 views30 pages

Design Codes and Standards For Biogas System

The document discusses key design codes and standards for biogas systems, including: 1. The Water Environment Federation's Manual of Practice 8 which covers topics like gas production rates, temperature effects, and mixing efficiency. 2. Standards like ANSI/CSA B149.6 and NFPA 820 which provide guidelines for safety equipment selection, gas piping requirements, and waste gas burner placement. 3. The Recommended Standards for Wastewater Facilities (Ten States Standards) which specifies additional local design criteria.

Uploaded by

Nazrul Islam
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 30

Understanding Design Codes and

Standards for Biogas Systems

Co-Authors:
Shayla Allen | Water Resources
Arcadis U.S., Inc.
Regina Hanson | Product Marketing Manager
Varec Biogas
Understanding Design Codes and Standards for Biogas Systems

WEF MOP 8, 2017 Edition Chapter


25 Stabilization
 Gas Production
 Volatile solids loading/destruction
1. Typical AD = 13-18 cf/lb VS destroyed
2. Fats = 20-25 cf/lb VS destroyed
3. Proteins/Carbs = 12 cf/lb VS
destroyed
 Additional factors:
1. Temperature
a. Mesophilic vs Thermophilic
b. Single vs Multi-Staged Operation
2. pH/Alkalinity
Optimum pH for Methane Production
= 6.8 – 7.2
MOP 8
3. SRT/HRT
Solids retention time SRT = M of solids/ solids removed.
Hydraulic retention time HRT = volume of solids into the
digester(s) / solids removed (inflow and outflow rate).
4. Mixing Efficiency
Example: Linear Motion Mixer
Efficient mixing optimized digester gas production
5. Organics Loading Rate and Frequency
A. Typical sustained peak VS loading rate = .12 - .16 lb VS/cfd
B. Typical maximum VS loading rate = .2 lb VS/cf/day
MOP 8

2017 MOP 8, Chapter 25, Fig. 25.33 Diagram of a gas control system
MOP 8
Proper Selection of Safety Equipment
3. Referenced Standards (best design practice or, in some
jurisdictions, code):
• ANSI/CSA B149.6-15 Code for Digester Gas, Landfill Gas,
and Biogas Generation and Utilization;
• NFPA 820 Standard for Fire Protection in Wastewater
Treatment and Collection Facilities; and
• GLUMRB (Ten States Standards) Recommended Standards
for Waste Water Facilities or applicable local Design
Standard
MOP 8
Design Parameters
1. Gas Velocity = 12 fps
2. Digester Cover
a. PRV Valve/Flame Arrester redundancy (fixed or floating)
b. Appurtenances for access and sludge sampling
3. Gas Holder – membrane gas holder; balance system and
maintains system operating pressure
MOP 8
Design Parameters
4. Moisture Removal
a. Sediment Traps and drip traps

b. Gas Drying Systems –


• Coalescing filter – remove particulates
• glycol chiller - cool the gas to desired temperature
• compressor - reheat gas creating a dew point barrier
so that no additional moisture can form.
MOP 8
Design Parameters
5. H2S Removal
a. Chemical addition
b. Polishing using media – example: iron sponge

2 Fe2O3 + H20 + 6H2S = 2Fe2S3 + 7H20 + heat

Iron sponge regenerated:

2Fe2S3 + 302 = 2 Fe2O3 + 6S + heat

MOP 8, FIG. 25.37


MOP 8
Design Parameters
c. Biological Treatment –
1. The sulfur oxidation bacteria thrives and multiplies on a packed
media inside a closed acid-proof tank.
2. sulfur from the H2S
3. carbon from the CO2
4. oxygen from atmospheric air
5. nutrients (nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium) from the
treated effluent
6. Temperature between 86-130°F (30-55°C).
The sulfate is discharged with the effluent from the gas cleaner
which contains up to 8% SO4.
MOP 8
Design Parameters
c. Biological Treatment –
MOP 8
Proper Selection of Safety Equipment
1. Pressure/Vacuum Relief Valve and Flame Arrester – Relieves
the digester of an overpressure or vacuum condition.

Pressure/Vacuum Relief MOP 8, Fig. 25.37


Valve and Flame Arrester
MOP 8
Proper Selection of Safety Equipment
2. Flame Arresters, Flame Trap Assemblies – Must be installed
within 15 feet of a potential flame source.

Thermal shut-off valve with flame arrester


– flame trap assembly
Flame arresters installed within
15 feet of potential flame source.

MOP 8, FIG. 25.34


MOP 8
Proper Selection of Safety Equipment
3. Waste Gas Burner –Safe and effective method of
combusting excess biogas produced. Two types:

Open-Type or Candle-stick MOP 8, FIG. 25.36


Flares
Enclosed Flares
ANSI/CSA B149.6
9. Digester s and Gas Storage Tanks,
Gas Storage tanks or spheres >15 psi;
membrane gas holder
Redundancy: A pair of flash-back
(flame) arrester and pressure/ vacuum
relief valves.
a) connected to the digester roof, as
close as practicable to the digester
holding space;
b) piped in parallel, with a three-way
manual change-over valve.
c) Vented separately when inside an
enclosure.
d) equipped with the flash-back (flame)
arresters installed upstream from the
pressure/ vacuum relief valves
e) And tested before going into service.
ANSI/CSA B149.6
9.7.2
Suitable protection against weather either with insulated
enclosure with ventilation and accessibility for
Servicing or with jackets.
ANSI/CSA B149.6
9.7.3
No Isolation valves or any obstructions (except for flame arrester)
in the gas connection between the digester gas holding space and
the digester excess gas pressure/ vacuum relief valve.
Note: This is a listed prohibited practice.
ANSI/CSA B149.6
Code requirements for the various accessories on the digester cover
(fixed or floating);
9.3 Access holes (only fixed or floating cover)

9.3.1
Digester Roof, 50 feet and greater (15m) >= 3 access holes. 1 pc
minimum 42” size ID.

9.3.2
Digester Roof, Less than 50 feet (15m) >= 2 access holes. 1 pc minimum
42” size ID.

9.7.4
Secondary, emergency pressure-relief system
a) installed without the use of a flash-back (flame) arrester,
b) set higher than relief setting of PRV Valve
c) And tested before going into service.
ANSI/CSA B149.6

Emergency pressure relief manhole cover

42” access manway


ANSI/CSA B149.6
Important Factors for design:
1. 2% Slope for pipe (including bleed vents)
2. Gas piping and tubing systems:
(a) SS; (b) plastic; and (c) copper (vent lines).
Cast iron pipe and fittings (including flanges) shall not be used.
3. Plastic pipe and fittings made of polyethylene or glass fiber-
thermosetting resin. Only installed outdoors.
4. Plastic not subjected to 100 deg. F.
5. Copper OK for vent and bleed lines. No copper for buried piping.
6. 1/8 in thick neoprene gasket with 40 hardness.
ANSI/CSA B149.6
Important Factors for design:
7. Bleed vents
8.13.1 Valves, regulators, manometers, and other control devices that require
venting, separate or manifolded under the following conditions:

8.13.2
Bleed vents from relief valves and regulators with internal relief shall be vented
separately and shall not be manifolded with vents from other devices. The
internal area of a bleed vent shall not be less than that of the vent opening.

8.13.3
Bleed vents from control devices (other than relief valves and regulators with
internal relief) may be vented through a common manifold that shall have an
area not less than twice the total area of the connected vents
ANSI/CSA B149.6
Important Factors for design:

8. Instrumentation

A liquid-filled manometer that does not require any power shall be


provided on low-pressure gas lines (up to 760 mm water column) to
indicate the pressure for:

(a) in each digester;

(b) to the waste gas burner upstream from the overpressure control valve;
and

(c) to the boilers upstream from the backpressure control device (if
provided).

A suitable vacuum/pressure measurement device that does not require any


power shall be provided where the vacuum or pressure is greater than 760
mm water column (1 psig).
ANSI/CSA B149.6
ANSI/CSA B149.6, Clause 6.4 Waste Gas Burners

6.4.1 - waste gas burner tip = minimum 15 feet (4 m) above grade or


maintenance platform level.
waste gas burner stack termination = at least 5 feet (1.5 m) above any
obstruction.

6.4.3 - waste gas burner and ignitor = minimum 50 feet (15 m) from
digester perimeter or other combustible gas source.

6.4.4 - open-type stack tip = minimum 25 feet (7.5 m) from any other stack
tip or exhaust vent termination. Enclose-type waste gas burner stack =
minimum 10 feet (3 m) clearance.
ANSI/CSA B149.6
ANSI/CSA B149.6, Clause 6.4 Waste Gas Burners

6.4.5 - Except if enclosed flare - stack location = minimum 25 feet (7.5 m)


from property line or a road. Enclosed flare = 10 feet.

6.4.6 - Enclosed-type stack location = minimum 10 feet (3.0 m) road or


provided with barrier to protect against damage to the stack.

6.4.7
Safety fencing minimum (25 feet) 7.5 m horizontally from the stack when
accessible to public.
ANSI/CSA B149.6
ANSI/CSA B149.6 – Additional Requirements for Waste Gas Burners

Pilot fuel (Natural Gas or Propane only, and not Biogas). No


sparking raw biogas.
Local Standards
Localized (Regional) Design Standards

1. Recommended Standards for Wastewater Facilities (10-STATE


STANDARD)
MEMBER STATES AND PROVINCE: ILLINOIS, NEW YORK, INDIANA,
OHIO,IOWA, ONTARIO, MICHIGAN, PENNSYLVANIA,MINNESOTA,
WISCONSIN, MISSOURI
Ten State Standard
2014 edition, Chapter 84;
• 84.132 Access Manholes
30” size allowed and will not fit a personnel with OSHA
required pack entering confined space.
• 84.43
Minimum pipe size is 4”.
No float operated condensate traps.
Ten State Standard
2014 edition, Chapter 84;
• 84.461
Located at least 50 feet away from any plant structure.
Sufficient height to protect personnel.
• 84.462
Provided with an automatic ignition system with pilot sensing.
NFPA 820
Table 6.2.2.(a) Solids Treatment Process, Rows 10-29

Example:
NFPA 820
Table 6.2.2.(a) Solids Treatment Process, Rows 10-29
NFPA 820
2016 Edition
Table 6.2.2.(a) Solids Treatment Process, Rows 10-29
Example:

Row and Line – Refers to specific figures in Appendix A.6.2.


NNV – Not normally ventilated.
NC – Non combustible; LC – Limited Combustible; LFS – Low flame spread index per
Chapter 8.
Fire Protection Measure: Hand FE – Fire extinguisher; CGD – Combustible gas detection
System; NR – No requirement or call fire department!

You might also like

pFad - Phonifier reborn

Pfad - The Proxy pFad of © 2024 Garber Painting. All rights reserved.

Note: This service is not intended for secure transactions such as banking, social media, email, or purchasing. Use at your own risk. We assume no liability whatsoever for broken pages.


Alternative Proxies:

Alternative Proxy

pFad Proxy

pFad v3 Proxy

pFad v4 Proxy