ECDIS Awareness

Key aspects of Electronic Chart Display Information System

Trainee Booklet

Developed by A. Pipchenko, A. Dembytsky

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Notice of Terms of Use

All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or
transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise,
without the prior permission of the publishers. While the advice given in this course has been developed
using the best information currently available, it is intended purely as guidance to be used at the user's own
risk.
Learnmarine accepts no responsibility for the accuracy of any information or advice given in the course or
any omission from the course or for any consequence whatsoever resulting directly or indirectly from
compliance with or adoption of guidance contained in the document even if caused by failure to exercise
reasonable care.
This course has been prepared to deal with the subject of ECDIS Awareness. This should not, however, be
taken to mean that this course deals comprehensively with all of the issues that will need to be addressed or
even, where a particular issue is addressed, that this course sets out the only definitive view for all
situations.

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INTRODUCTION
IMO mandatory requirements to carry ECDIS & GPS (SOLAS, Ch. V, Reg. 19)
together with standards given in resolutions A.953(23) & A.817(19) / MSC232 (82)
made revolution of the mind in navigation

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MODULE 3:
Principle Types of electronic Charts and Data presentation
Raster and Vector electronic charts
The Electronic Navigational Chart (ENC)-Data Presentation – OLD STANDARD A.529(13)

Phase of the voyage Order of accuracy

Harbour entrances and Depends on local circumstances

approaches and waters in which
the freedom of maneuver is
limited

Other waters 4% of distance from danger with

a maximum of 4 nautical miles

For instance, at 10 nm to danger, possible 95% error was 4 cables!

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MODULE 3:
Principle Types of electronic Charts and Data presentation
Raster and Vector electronic charts
The Electronic Navigational Chart (ENC)-Data Presentation – NEW STANDARD A.953 (23)
Position
Area of navigation accuracy Update rate System reliability
95%
High volume of Continuity ≥ 99,97 % (3 hours
Harbour traffic and/or duration);
entrances, significant degree ≤10 seconds for Availability ≥ 99,8 % (2 years period);
harbour of risk computed & Time to alarm: 10 seconds
≤10 meters
approaches Low volume of displayed position Continuity ≥ 99,85 % (3 hours
and coastal traffic and/or less duration);
waters degree of risk ≤2 seconds if used Availability ≥ 99,5 % (2 years period);
for AIS, graphical Time to alarm: 10 seconds
display or direct Availability ≥ 99,8 % (30 days period);
≤100 control of ship Time to alarm: as soon as practicable by
Ocean waters
meters Maritime Safety Information (MSI)
systems

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INTRODUCTION
Risk of over-reliance
RISK FACTORS RELATED TO ECDIS

✓ The technology might be unreliable and can’t be trusted

✓ User experience is required to determine when the information displayed
is reliable
✓ Information displayed on ECDIS may clutter the navigational hazards
✓ Differences in software may cause difficulties with ECDIS confident
usage
✓ Automated functions may be deselected to fit local contexts and reduce
workload
✓ Alarm functions may be disturbing

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MODULE 1:
Legal requirements
International Hydrographic Office Standards:
https://www.iho.int/mtg_docs/enc/ECDIS-ENC_StdsIn_Force.htm

✓ S-32 HYDROGRAPHIC DICTIONARY

✓ S-52 Chart Content and Display Aspects of ECDIS

✓ S-57 Transfer Standard for Digital Hydrographic

Data
✓ S-61 Product Specification for Raster Navigational
Chart (RNC)
✓ S-63 Data Protection Scheme

✓ S-100 IHO Universal Hydrographic Data Model

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MODULE 1:
Legal requirements
✓ SOLAS regulation V/19.2.1.4 (2009)

✓ A.817(19) (1995) IMO ECDIS Performance Standards

✓ MSC.232(82) (2006) Adoption of the revised performance

standards for electronic chart display and information systems
(ECDIS)

Governments shall ensure that ECDIS equipment:

(a) if installed on or after 1 January 2009, conform to performance

standards not inferior to those specified in the MSC 232 (82); and

(b) if installed on or after 1 January 1996 but before 1 January

2009, conform to performance standards not inferior to those specified
in the Annex to resolution A.817(19), as amended by resolutions
MSC.64(67) and MSC.86(70)

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MODULE 1:
Legal requirements
An ECDIS system can only be used for navigation if:

✓ An approved chart data ENC is used

✓ A type approved system is used

✓ It is approved by the vessel’s flag state administration, and

✓ It has an approved back-up system

The only two types of electronic charts which meet the safe navigation standards of the
IMO’s SOLAS regulations:

✓ RNCs (officially approved raster navigation charts) and

✓ ENCs (officially approved vector charts), and even these are only safe under certain conditions
for navigation purposes

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MODULE 3:
Principle Types of electronic Charts and Data presentation
Raster and Vector electronic charts
The Electronic Navigational Chart (ENC)

The IMO defines an ENC as follows:

“ENC means the database, standardised as to content,

structure and format, issued for use with ECDIS on the
authority of government-authorised Hydrographic Offices.
The ENC contains all the chart information useful for safe
navigation, and may contain supplementary information in
addition to that contained in the paper, which may be
considered necessary for safe navigation.”

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MODULE 3:
Principle Types of electronic Charts and Data presentation
Raster and Vector electronic charts
The Electronic Navigational Chart (ENC)

The IMO defines an SENC as follows:

“The System Electronic Navigational Chart (SENC) means a

database resulting from the transformation of the ENC by
ECDIS for appropriate use, updates to the ENC by
appropriate means and other data added by the mariner. It is
this database that is actually accessed by ECDIS for the
display generation and other navigational functions and is the
equivalent to an up-to-date paper chart.”

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MODULE 3:
Principle Types of electronic Charts and Data presentation
Raster and Vector electronic charts
The Electronic Navigational Chart (ENC)

The IMO states the following requirements to

provision and updating of chart information (MSC
232(82)):
“The chart information to be used in ECDIS should
be the latest edition, as corrected by official updates,
of that issued by or on the authority of a
Government, government-authorized Hydrographic
Office or other relevant government institution, and
conform to IHO standards*.”
* IHO Special Publication S-52 and S-57

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MODULE 3:
Principle Types of electronic Charts and Data presentation,
as example Transas Navisailor

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MODULE 3:
Does your ECDIS system meet IMO chart
carriage requirements? (IHO S-66)

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MODULE 3:
Principle Types of electronic Charts and Data presentation
Raster and Vector electronic charts
The Electronic Navigational Chart (ENC)-Data Presentation – ZONE OF CONFIDENCE

Before using a chart to plan or navigate a passage, mariners should make

themselves aware of the quality of the survey data that has been used
to place the soundings and contours on the chart, since not all sea areas
have been surveyed to modern standards or even systematically
surveyed at all.

Indeed large areas of sea, especially in offshore areas, have never been
systematically surveyed to any standard.

The chart will have been compiled from the best data available but this
does not mean that shoal areas dangerous to navigation will not
exist.

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MODULE 3:
Principle Types of electronic Charts and Data presentation
Raster and Vector electronic charts
The Electronic Navigational Chart (ENC)-Data Presentation – ZONE OF CONFIDENCE
Position
ZOC Depth accuracy Seafloor coverage Typical survey characteristics
accuracy
Depth (m) Accuracy(m) Full area search undertaken. Controlled, systematic survey high position and
= 0.50 + 1%d
± 5 m + 5% 5 0.55
Significant seafloor features detected depth accuracy achieved using DGPS or a
A1 depth 10 0.6 and depths measured. minimum three high quality lines of position
15 0.65 (LOP) and a multibeam, channel or mechanical
20 0.7 sweep system.
25 0.75
= 1.00 + 2%d
Full area search undertaken. Controlled, systematic survey achieving position
5 1.1
10 1.2 Significant seafloor features detected and depth accuracy less than ZOC A1 and using
A2 ± 20 m
15 1.3 and depths measured. a modern survey echosounder and a sonar or
20 1.4 mechanical sweep system.
25 1.5
= 1.00 + 2%d
Full area search not achieved; Controlled, systematic survey achieving similar
5 1.1
10 1.2 uncharted features, hazardous to depth but lesser position accuracies than ZOC
B ± 50 m
15 1.3 surface navigation are not expected A2, using a modern survey echosounder, but no
20 1.4 but may exist. sonar or mechanical sweep system.
25 1.5
= 2.0 + 5%d
5 2.3
Full area search not achieved, depth Low accuracy survey or data collected on an
± 500 m 10 2.5 anomalies may be expected. opportunity basis such as soundings on passage.
C 15 2.8
20 3.0
25 3.3
Full search not achieved, large depth Poor quality data or data that cannot be quality
D Worse than ZOC C
anomalies expected. assessed due to lack of information.

U Unassessed - The quality of the bathymetric data has yet to be assessed

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MODULE 3:
Principle Types of electronic Charts and Data presentation
Raster and Vector electronic charts
The Electronic Navigational Chart (ENC)-Data Presentation – ZONE OF CONFIDENCE,
as example Transas Navisailor

ZOC accuracy has to be

chosen to display during
voyage planning only.

During navigation this

function normally
should be deselected.

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 MODULE 3:
Principle Types ofVessel’s
electronic Charts and Data presentation
draft
Raster and Vector electronic charts
15 m IGNORING OF CATZoC DATA DURING
The Electronic Navigational Chart (ENC)-Data Presentation – ZONE OF CONFIDENCE
VOYAGE PLANNING MAY LEAD TO
UNEXPECTED GROUNDING
ZOC should be taken
into account when 500 meters radius
navigator calculates NO GO AREA due to ZOC
SAFE PASSAGE
DISTANCE to danger
and when SAFETY
DEPTH is determined

In our example Position and Depth accuracy

vessel has route
planned in that way
when ZOC is taken in
account by Navigator
on both parameters
POSITION and DEPTH 17,3 – (2 + 5% * 17.3) = 17,3 – 2,87=14,43 m < 15 m

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MODULE 3:
Principle Types of electronic Charts and Data presentation
Raster and Vector electronic charts
The Electronic Navigational Chart (ENC)-Data Presentation – BASE DISPLAY

The Base Display

presents the
minimum set of
information which
must be always
displayed. It is not
allowed for navigation

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MODULE 3:
Principle Types of electronic Charts and Data presentation
Raster and Vector electronic charts
The Electronic Navigational Chart (ENC)-Data Presentation – STANDARD DISPLAY

The Standard
Display contains
additional
information
compared to the
base display and
may be used for
navigation
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MODULE 3:
Principle Types of electronic Charts and Data presentation
Raster and Vector electronic charts
The Electronic Navigational Chart (ENC)-Data Presentation – ALL LAYERS

The All Layer display

contains all
information of the
ALL LAYERS and
may additionally
display on demand:
✓ For instance:
spot soundings

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MODULE 3:
Principle Types of electronic Charts and Data presentation
Raster and Vector electronic charts
The Electronic Navigational Chart (ENC)-Data Presentation – OTHERS or CUSTOM DISPLAY

The Custom
Display is a
feature in which
the user selects
the layers to
be displayed

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MODULE 3:
Principle Types of electronic Charts and Data presentation
The Electronic Navigational Chart (ENC)-Data Presentation – Height and Sounding Datums

Overhead
power cable Spot height

Topographic
contours
Safe vertical Elevation of
Charted clearance light source
vertical (magenta)
clearance

Islet height

Height Observed
of Tide depth Drying height

Charted depth
(sounding)

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MODULE 3:
Principle Types of electronic Charts and Data presentation
The Electronic Navigational Chart (ENC)-Data Presentation – ENC symbols

Position Approximate Swept sounding

Point feature or area of low Rock which covers and uncovers

accuracy or is awash at low water

Sounding of low accuracy Land as a point at small scale

Isolated danger of depth less Underwater hazard which covers

than the safety contour and uncovers

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Principle Types of electronic Charts and Data presentation
The Electronic Navigational Chart (ENC)-Data Presentation – ENC symbols

Underwater hazard with a depth Dangerous wreck, depth

of 20 meters or less unknown

Underwater hazard with depth Non-dangerous wreck, depth

greater than 20 meters unknown

Dangerous underwater rock of Foul ground

uncertain depth

Underwater hazard which covers

Obstruction, depth not stated and uncovers with drying height

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MODULE 3:
Principle Types of electronic Charts and Data presentation
Raster and Vector electronic charts
The Electronic Navigational Chart (ENC)-Data Presentation – Simplified or Paper Chart symbols
The user may choose between a traditional presentation with “paper chart like” objects or a
display using simplified objects

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MODULE 3:
Principle Types of electronic Charts and Data presentation
Raster and Vector electronic charts
The Electronic Navigational Chart (ENC)-IHO S-52 Presentation Library 4.0

Set of amended IHO standards address the following main areas:

✓ New design of Chart object info functionality (Pick report) makes access to ENC chart information easier
and understandable for user

✓ Reorganization of alert management resulting in less alarms being generated by ENC objects

✓ Crossing navigational hazards (isolated dangers and aids to navigation) as well as areas with special
conditions (TSS, anchorage areas, etc.) will generate only visible alarms now

✓ Safety contours continue to create audible and visible alarms

✓ Standardized way of making ENC update status report will allow mariners and Port State Control inspectors
to confirm that the ENCs installed in an ECDIS are up-to-date

✓ Chart management and ENC status reports

✓ ENC test data sets

✓ Other modifications - new symbols, names of fairways and anchorage areas, highlighting ENC updates, date
dependent objects, new chart display layers, and some more

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MODULE 7:
Route Planning & Monitoring
The Electronic Navigational Chart (ENC)-IHO S-52 Presentation Library 4.0

Planned Route should be

checked for date dependent
and seasonal objects
across the possible
passage plan.

ECDIS has option to display

and to hide seasonal
features.

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MODULE 4:
Sensors, AIS, ARPA and Radar Overlay
Radar Overlay

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 MODULE 4:
Sensors, AIS, ARPA and Radar Overlay
Target association and filters

✓ To assess your radar setting, use

radar overlay when an
appropriate coastline is in range.
If the radar picture fits nicely to
the charted coastline, your radar
should be OK. Be aware of Tidal
flats

Rule of thumb:
✓ ENC 1:10 000 is
equal to 1:1,5 NM of
the Radar scale
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MODULE 4:
Sensors, AIS, ARPA and Radar Overlay
General idea of ECDIS concept, mandatory sensors

Before understanding
the operation of
✓ Main Power 1 ✓ Emergency Power ✓ Main Power 2

ECDIS, it is important
to have a general idea
of how it is
configured on a ship: Electronic
The mandatory
sensors must be
ECDIS back -up

connected directly ECDIS

to both the ECDIS
and to the back-
up ECDIS

Mandatory are:

✓ AIS ✓ RADAR1 ✓ RADAR2 ✓ EPFS1 ✓ EPFS2 ✓ Log ✓ Gyro ✓ Echo Sounder

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MODULE 4:
Sensors, AIS, ARPA and Radar Overlay
Ship alignment in Transas Navisailor

✓ Very often decisions on board Heading

are done with a use of ECDIS
vectors
✓ Misinterpretation of
✓ Ensure that your ECDIS data assessed

ship’s vector aligned by

Heading but not by COG COG
(Course over ground)
✓ COG vector doesn’t give
information about how the
vessel’s bow directed towards
the hazard
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MODULE 4:
Sensors, AIS, ARPA and Radar Overlay
Ship alignment in Transas Navisailor

Heading

! COG

✓ Misinterpretation of
data assessed
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 MODULE 4:
Sensors, AIS, ARPA and Radar Overlay
General idea of ECDIS concept, CCRP

✓ IMO has therefore decided

that all incoming information
from sensors such as radar *
*

and GPS should be *

*

converted to a indicate the *

same place onboard, the * Legend:
Consistent Common Reference ✓ * RADAR 1, 2, 3
Point (CCRP)
✓ * VISUAL
✓ The place is normally the
✓ * EPFS 1, 2
wheelhouse conning position
✓ CCRP

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MODULE 4:
Sensors, AIS, ARPA and Radar Overlay
General idea of ECDIS concept, CCRP

✓ CCRP

The place is
normally the
wheelhouse
conning
position

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 MODULE 4:
Sensors, AIS, ARPA and Radar Overlay
Target association and filters

✓ If the radar picture seems offset, it

might be for two reasons

✓ Gyro or azimuth setting error – will

show up as a slight rotation between
chart and radar

✓ Position error – if the radar image is

offset to the chart image there is a
position offset

✓ If it is always the same error N-S and ✓ Navigator should ensure

W-E there is a position offset error on his watch that sensors
such as chart datum, error update ECDIS with data
without occasionally added
✓ If the error changes depending on the offset inputs to the system
heading of the ship the errors lies in
your sensor location settings

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 MODULE 4:
Sensors, AIS, ARPA and Radar Overlay
Target association and filters

✓ Wrong AIS and ARPA filters

settings in ECDIS may lead
to improper situation display
at the screen
✓ For instance, some producer
of ECDIS advice to use filters
with caution:
✓ Warning! It is advisable to keep the filter
in the OFF condition (the Lost target filter
checkbox is unchecked)

✓ Warning! It should be noted that

dangerous AIS targets can also be
filtered off for display with the aid of the
AIS filter. Nevertheless the CPA\TCPA
warning will be generated for them

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MODULE 5:
ECDIS Navigational functions
STCW CH. VIII:
“… Fixes shall be taken at frequent intervals, and
shall be carried out by more than one method
whenever circumstances allow. When using ECDIS,
appropriate usage code (scale) electronic navigational
charts shall be used and the ship’s position shall be
checked by an independent means of position
fixing at appropriate intervals.”

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MODULE 6:
Data representation and Alarms setup
Vector electronic charts
The Electronic Navigational Chart (ENC)-Data Presentation – SAFETY DEPTH

✓ The Safety Depth is used for

the alarm- and route checking
functionality as well as the
display of depth soundings
✓ The safety depth can only be set
to the same or a higher value
as the safety contour

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MODULE 6:
Data representation and Alarms setup
Vector electronic charts
The Electronic Navigational Chart (ENC)-Data Presentation – SAFETY CONTOUR

Chart sounding datum Safety Contour (input value)

Shallow Contour Safety Contour ENC value) Safety Depth > Draft + UKC
(Sounding in black colour)

10 Deep Contour

15
Shallow Unsafe Water Safe Water Deep Water
Water

Non - navigable Area Navigable Area

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MODULE 6:
Data representation and Alarms setup
Vector electronic charts
The Electronic Navigational Chart (ENC)-Data Presentation –
Shallow Contour, SAFETY DEPTH, SAFETY CONTOUR, Deep Contour, Shallow Pattern

SAFETY DEPTH

10 SHALLOW PATTERN
as a Diamond Shape

SAFETY CONTOUR DEEP CONTOUR

SHALLOW CONTOUR

SAFETY CONTOUR

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MODULE 6:
Data representation and Alarms setup
Vector electronic charts
Shallow Contour, SAFETY DEPTH, SAFETY CONTOUR, Deep Contour, Shallow Pattern
Transas Navisailor as example

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 MODULE 6:
Data representation and Alarms setup
Vector electronic charts
The Electronic Navigational Chart (ENC)-Data Presentation – ISOLATED DANGER

✓ Depending on the
safety parameters,
the display mode
and the position of
an object, its
presentation style Underwater hazard with a
might change in Isolated danger of depth
defined depth, outside the
safety contour in non-
order to indicate a less than the safety contour navigable water, or within
safe water and depth
in safe water
danger greater than the safety
contour

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MODULE 6:
Data representation and Alarms setup
Vector electronic charts
The Electronic Navigational Chart (ENC)-Data Presentation – ISOLATED DANGER

Isolated danger of depth less than Underwater

the safety contour in safe water hazard with a
defined depth,
outside the
safety contour in
non-navigable
water, or within
safe water and
depth greater
than the safety
contour

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MODULE 6:
Data representation and Alarms setup
Vector electronic charts
The Electronic Navigational Chart (ENC)-Data Presentation – SHADES and SHALLOW PATERN

TWO SHADES FOUR SHADES

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MODULE 6:
Data representation and Alarms setup
Vector electronic charts
The Electronic Navigational Chart (ENC)-Data Presentation – SHADES and SHALLOW PATERN

SAFETY COUNTOR ACROSS THE INTENDED VOYAGE

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MODULE 6:
Data representation and Alarms setup
Vector electronic charts
The Electronic Navigational Chart (ENC)-Data Presentation – SHADES and SHALLOW PATERN

Two Shades
Safety Depth: 0 m
Safety Contour: 0 m
(ENC contour: 0 m)

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MODULE 6:
Data representation and Alarms setup
Vector electronic charts
The Electronic Navigational Chart (ENC)-Data Presentation – SHADES and SHALLOW PATERN

NO-GO AREA

Two Shades
Safety Depth: 11 m
Safety Contour: 11 m
(ENC contour 18.2 m)

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MODULE 6:
Data representation and Alarms setup
Vector electronic charts
The Electronic Navigational Chart (ENC)-Data Presentation – SHADES and SHALLOW PATERN

NO-GO AREA

Four Shades
Safety Depth: 11 m
Deep Contour: 18 m
Safety Contour: 9 m
(ENC contour 9.1 m)

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MODULE 6:
Data representation and Alarms setup
Vector electronic charts
The Electronic Navigational Chart (ENC)-Data Presentation – SHADES and SHALLOW PATERN

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MODULE 6:
Data representation and Alarms setup
Vector electronic charts
The Electronic Navigational Chart (ENC)-Data Presentation – Isolated Dangers

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MODULE 6:
Data representation and Alarms setup
Vector electronic charts
The Electronic Navigational Chart (ENC)-Data Presentation – ISOLATED DANGER

ALL ISOLATED DANGERS

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MODULE 6:
Data representation and Alarms setup
Vector electronic charts
The Electronic Navigational Chart (ENC)-Data Presentation – ISOLATED DANGER

!?

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MODULE 6:
Data representation and Alarms setup
Vector electronic charts
The Electronic Navigational Chart (ENC)-Data Presentation – SCAMIN

✓ On the upper approach chart you can see the

borders of a more detailed harbor chart. This is
called a source break
✓ As you start zooming in, all available objects will
be displayed
✓ The filtering of information at a certain scale is
called SCAMIN
✓ If it is activated, the chart will remain readable as
you are zooming out
✓ Not using SCAMIN might clutter the screen as
you are zooming out

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MODULE 6:
Data representation and Alarms setup
Vector electronic charts
The Electronic Navigational Chart (ENC)-Data Presentation – SCAMIN, Transas Navisailor as example

During
Voyage
Planning
function
should be
Scale min
deactivated

But when on
Voyage
Monitoring
better to
keep
function
activated

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MODULE 6:
Data representation and Alarms setup
Vector electronic charts
The Electronic Navigational Chart (ENC)-Data Presentation – OVERSCALE / UNDERSCALE

COMPILATION
SCALE: 20 000

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 MODULE 6:
Data representation and Alarms setup
Vector electronic charts
The Electronic Navigational Chart (ENC)-Data Presentation – OVERSCALE / UNDERSCALE

Compilation Scale

Scale with which the

chart information
meets the IHO
requirements for
chart accuracy. It is
established by the
producing
hydrographic office
and encoded in the SCALE: 26 600
ENC SCAMIN: ON

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MODULE 6:
Data representation and Alarms setup
Vector electronic charts
The Electronic Navigational Chart (ENC)-Data Presentation – OVERSCALE / UNDERSCALE

SCALE: 45 000
SCAMIN: ON

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 MODULE 7:
Route Planning & Monitoring
The Electronic Navigational Chart (ENC)-Data Presentation – OVERSCALE / UNDERSCALE

N OVERSCALE
Works as magnifying glass at certain chart scale If a chart
zoomed in more
then twice to
original scale
then ECDIS
would inform
user with
vertical lines on
the display

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 MODULE 6:
Data representation and Alarms setup
Vector electronic charts
The Electronic Navigational Chart (ENC)-Data Presentation – STANDARD DISPLAY

Standard Display – is it safe?

IMO MSC 232(82) 3.4 :

“Standard Display is the display mode
intended to be used as a minimum during
route planning and route monitoring”

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MODULE 6:
Data representation and Alarms setup
Vector electronic charts
The Electronic Navigational Chart (ENC)-Data Presentation – STANDARD DISPLAY

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MODULE 6:
Data representation and Alarms setup
Vector electronic charts
The Electronic Navigational Chart (ENC)-Data Presentation – STANDARD DISPLAY

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 MODULE 7:
Route Planning & Monitoring
The Electronic Navigational Chart (ENC)-Data Presentation – STANDARD DISPLAY
Company policy
normally
requires
minimum amount
layers to be
displayed except
STANDARD
DISPLAY

IT IS NOT
ENOUGH DUE TO
?
OBVIOUS
REASONS TO USE
ONLY STANDARD
DISPLAY FOR
SAFE VOYAGE

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MODULE 6:
Data representation and Alarms setup
Look-ahead function = SAFETY FRAME

✓ Safety frame compares the ship’s position,

course and speed with the best available ENC
chart data.
✓ If safety frame finds that the ship is about to
pass over a navigational object or zone that
is not allowed, it will trigger a warning or an
alarm
✓ The safety frame uses the best available ENC chart,
even if you are looking at another chart on the screen
✓ The user needs to activate the safety frame, select its
size, and choose which actions are allowed and which
should trigger the alarm

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MODULE 6:
Data representation and Alarms setup
Look-ahead function = SAFETY FRAME, Transas Navisailor as example

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MODULE 7:
Route Planning & Monitoring
The Electronic Navigational Chart (ENC)-Data Presentation – USER MAP AS NO GO AREA

IF SAFETY COUNTOR CROSS THE INTENDED VOYAGE ROUTE

WP 003

SAFETY FRAME WHEN

CROSSES THE SAFETY
CONTOUR OR MEETS
WP 002 THE HAZARD,
VISSUALLY
HIGHLIGHTS THE
DANGER AREA

WP 001

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MODULE 6:
Data representation and Alarms setup
Alarm monitoring system

Having received all neccesary data, the ECDIS may automatically trigger
navigational warnings and alarms in the following areas:

✓ Safety frame
✓ Route checking
✓ Route monitoring
✓ Collision warnings
✓ Antigrounding tool when Safety Frame meets the Safety Contour

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MODULE 7:
Route Planning & Monitoring
Navigation is defined as a process to read and control a crafts movement from one
point to another. Arrive safely, quickly and easily at your destination is the main aim of
ship born navigation
✓ Enabling a quick and easy route planning operation is the task of ECDIS developers
Passage Planning consists of three stages (IMO A. 893(21))

✓ Appraisal
✓ Planning
✓ Execution
✓ Monitoring
Poor route planning and deviation of the plan can lead to grounding and
ship loss
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MODULE 7:
Route Planning & Monitoring
REQUIRED SAFETY DEPTH (RSD) (DRAFT + COMPANY UKC POLICY)
RSD = 1.1Max. Static Draft + Squat + Heel + Density + ENC ZoC Accuracy
✓ Density to be taken from stability calculations
✓ Squat = Squat to be interpolated from Wheel House Poster or calculated
✓ Heel = tan (heel)  B/2 [for a boxed shaped vessel]
✓ ENC ZoC Accuracy correction – to be calculated based on the Charted Depth as per
table for ZoC
✓ Height of Tide (Th) for a given shall be included
CHARTED SAFETY DEPTH : RSD – Th
If the tide is negative, RSD is increasing!

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MODULE 7:
Route Planning & Monitoring
OTHERS or CUSTOM DISPLAY
as example Transas Navisailor

During Voyage Planning it is

recommended first to set up:

1- all Contours to ZERO

2- to select Custom Layers as per
Company Procedures
3- to switch off SCAMIN
4- setup SAFETY DEPTH
5- evaluate the intended voyage
area
6- plot the Route
7- evaluate ZoC position accuracy
and safe distance to pass the
hazards

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MODULE 7:
Route Planning & Monitoring
Shallow Contour, SAFETY DEPTH, SAFETY CONTOUR, Deep Contour, Shallow Pattern

SAFETY DEPTH

PRACTICAL HINTS: 10 SHALLOW PATTERN

as a Diamond Shape

SAFETY DEPTH = DRAFT + UKC policy

Shallow Contour  DRAFT

DEEP CONTOUR
SHALLOW CONTOUR
Safety Contour = SAFETY DEPTH

Deep Contour  2 × DRAFT

SAFETY CONTOUR

May be implemented only if area of

operation permits to do so

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MODULE 7:
Route Planning & Monitoring
The Electronic Navigational Chart (ENC)-Data Presentation – USER MAP AS NO GO AREA

IF SAFETY COUNTOR CROSS THE INTENDED VOYAGE ROUTE

WP 003

NO GO AREA

WP 002

WP 001 NO GO AREA

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MODULE 7:
Route Planning & Monitoring
The Electronic Navigational Chart (ENC)-Data Presentation – USER MAP AS NO GO AREA

EXAMPLE OF INCORRECT USE OF NO GO AREA

IT IS USELESS TO DRAW NO GO
AREA AT PLACES WHERE SAFETY EXPECTED NO GO AREA
CONTOUR SHOULD TRIGGER AN
EXPECTED ALARM

ROUTE SHOULD NOT

BE PLOTTED THROUGH
NO GO AREA

EXPECTED ROUTE LEG

SHOULD BE PLOTTED
AT THE AREAS WITH
APROPRIATE DEPTH

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MODULE 7:
Route Planning & Monitoring
The Electronic Navigational Chart (ENC)-IHO S-52 Presentation Library 4.0

Planned Route should be

checked for date dependent
and seasonal objects
across the possible
passage plan.

ECDIS has option to display

and to hide seasonal
features.

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MODULE 7:
Route Planning & Monitoring
The Electronic Navigational Chart (ENC)-Data Presentation – USER MAP AS NO GO AREA

IF SAFETY COUNTOR CROSS THE INTENDED VOYAGE ROUTE

WP 003

BEFORE TO SEND THE

CREATED ROUTE TO
MONITORING, IT
SHOULD BE CHECKED
FOR ALERTS TWICE:
WP 002 AUTOMATICALLY AND
MANUALLY FROM,
WAYPOINT TO
WAYPOINT ON EACH
LEG
WP 001

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MODULE 7:
Route Planning & Monitoring, STCW
Route monitoring algorithm
Don’t forget to use next features of ECDIS for
Monitoring:
✓ Display own vessel, (as symbol 6 mm)
✓ Past track info
✓ Vectors: Course and Speed
✓ Headline prolonged till the end of the screen
✓ Intersection of Headline with a beam line indicates on
the contour the position of CCRP
✓ Predictor
✓ Time labels along a ship’s track 1-120 min
✓ Log settings under company requirements
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 MODULE 9:
Updating and Chart-handling
Chart UPDATES
BASE DATA CUMMULATIVE UPDATE DISKS
Typically supplied annually Typically supplied weekly – contain
on a collection of disks updates and new editions
ENC installation
sequence:
✓ 1 - PERMIT

✓ 2 - LATEST BASE CD

✓ 3 - LATEST UPDATE CD
1 2 3 4 5 ..……n

✓ ECDIS also has the manual update

utility n - LATEST UPDATE

✓ This may used, when there is an n - Only is required to

immediate chart update required update all base data

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MODULE 9:
Updating and Chart-handling
Useful Links

Admiralty notices to mariners and Readme.txt:

✓ https://www.admiralty.co.uk/maritime-safety-information/admiralty-
notices-to-mariners#
✓ ENC_Root/readme.txt
ENC Update Status:
✓ https://www.primar.org
✓ https://www.admiralty.co.uk/digital-services/digital-charts/admiralty-
vector-chart-service?selectTab=Support

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MODULE 9:
Updating and Chart-handling
ENC Update Status

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MODULE 11:
Updating and Chart-handling
AIO – Admiralty Information Overlay

Not all ENC producers include Temporary and Preliminary (T&P)

Notices to Mariners (NMs) in their ENCs
The following table lists the confirmed status of T&P NMs in the
ENCs that are available in AVCS or Primar Service:
https://www.admiralty.co.uk/AdmiraltyDownloadMedia/AVCS/EN
C-TandP-NM-Status.pdf
https://www.primar.org/t-p-notices

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