MOBILITY AND

ACTIVITY
GROUP 3
 Meet the Team
GROUP 3

ANDREI DELARNA NICOLE DELGADO MIKYLA NICOLE DIAZ JULIE ANN DE VERA
AKA DARREN ESPANTO AKA ELLA NYMPHA AKA LYCA GAIRANOD AKA JULIE ANNE SAN JOSE
 Activity and Exercise
refers to the persons routine of
exercise, activity, leisure, and
recreation

Include:
1. Activity of daily living
2. The type, quality, and quantity Of
exercise
Mobility
- the ability to move freely, easily,
rhythmatically and purposefully in the
environment.

Normal movement and

stability are the result of:
An intact musculoskeletal system
An intact nervous system.
An intact inner ear structure responsible
for equilibrium.
 Four Basic Elements of
Normal Movement

Body alignment Joint mobility Balance Coordinated

(posture)
movement

Physical Activity
Body movement produced by musculoskeletal that
required energy and produce health benefits.

Exercise
type of physical activity defined by planned,
structured and repetitive body movement done to
improve or maintain body movement.

Activity Tolerance
is the type and amount of exercise
individual is able to perform without
experiencing adverse effect.

 TYPES OF EXERCISE
1. Isotonic(dynamic exercise)

2. Isometric (state or setting) exercise

muscle shortens to produce muscle contraction without moving

muscle contraction and active the joint (muscle length
movement does not change)
 TYPES OF EXERCISE

3. Isokinetic exercise 4. Aerobic exercise

involve muscle contraction or activity during which the amount of oxygen

tension against resistance taken in the body is greater than that used

to perform the activity

 TYPES OF EXERCISE

5. Anaerobic exercise

Activity in which the muscles

cannot draw enough oxygen from
the bloodstream

 Effects on the Musculoskeletal System

EXERCISE IMMOBILITY

Maintain size, shape, tone, Disuse osteoporosis

and strength of muscles Disuse atrophy
(including the heartmuscle)
Contractures
Nourish joints
Stiffness and pain in the
Increase joint flexibility,
stability, and ROM joints
Maintain bone density and
strength
 Leg Veins

Inactive
Person
Active
Person
 Effects on the Respiratory System

EXERCISE IMMOBILITY

Decreased respiratory
Increase ventilation and
oxygen intake improving gas movement
exchange Pooling of respiratory
Prevents pooling of secretions
secretions in the bronchial Atelectasis
and bronchioles Hypostatic pneumonia
IMMOBILE PERSON
Effects on the Metabolic / Encodrine System

EXERCISE IMMOBILITY

the
Elevates Decreased metabolic
metabolic rate rate
Decreases serum Negative nitrogen
triglycerides and balance
cholesterol Anorexia
Stabilizes blood sugar Negative calcium
and make cells more balance
responsive to insulin
Effects on the GI (gastrointestinal tract) System

EXERCISE IMMOBILITY

Improves the appetite Constipation

Increases GI tract tone
Facilitates peristalsis
 Effects on the Urinary System

EXERCISE IMMOBILITY
Promotes
blood flow to Urinary stasis
the kidneys causing Renal calculi
body wastes to be
Urinary retention
excreted more
effectively Urinary infection
Prevents stasis
(stagnation) of urine in
the bladder
Pooling of Urine

Effects on the Immune System

EXERCISE

Pumps lymph fluid from tissues into

lymph capillaries and vessels
Increases circulation through lymph
nodes
Strenuous exercisemay reduce
immune function
Leaving window of opportunity for
infection during recovery phase
Effects on the Psychoneurologic System
EXERCISE IMMOBILITY
Decline in mood elevating substances
Elevates mood
Perception of time intervals deteriorates
Relieves stress and anxiety
Problem-solving and decision-making
Improves quality of sleep for most
abilitiesmay deteriorate
individuals
Loss of control over events can cause
anxiety
 Effects on Cognitive Function
EXERCISE
Positive effects on decision-making
and problem solving processes,
planning, and paying attention
Induces cells in
the brain to
strengthen and
build neuronal
connections

Other Effects of Exercise and

Immobility

Evidence that certain types of

exercise increase spiritual health
Immobility causes reduced skin
turgor and skin breakdown


Factors Affecting Body

Alignment, Mobility, and DAL
Growth and development

Nutrition, personal values and attitudes

External factors
i.e. Temperature, humidity, availability of recreational
facilities, safety of the neighborhood
Prescribed limitations
i.e., Casts, braces, traction, activity restrictions
including bed rest

Assessment of Activity
and Exercise

Nursing History
Physical Examination:
Body alignment
Gait
Appearance and movement of joints
Capabilities and limitations for movement
Muscle mass and strength
Activity tolerance
Problems related to immobility
 NANDA Nursing Diagnoses

Prolonged immobility:
For activity and exercise problems
Activity Intolerance Ineffective Airway Clearance
Risk for Activity Intolerance Risk for Infection
Impaired Physical Mobility Risk for Injury
Sedentary Lifestyle Risk for DisturbedSleep Pattern
Risk for Disuse Syndrome Risk for Situational Low Self-
Esteem
The mobility problem becomes the etiology:

Fear (of falling)

Ineffective Coping
Low Self-Esteem
Powerlessness
Risk for Falls
Self-Care Deficit
 Examples of Desired Outcomes
(NOC Labels)

Activity tolerance Mobility

Body positioning Respiratory status
Bowel elimination Ventilation and gas
Fall prevention exchange
behavior Self-care
Immobility Sleep
consequences both Stress level
physiological and Weight control
psycho cognitive
Joint movement
 Overall Goals for Problems
Related to Mobility or
Activity

activity
Increased tolerance for physical

Restored or improved capability to ambulate and/or

participate in ADLs
Absence of injury from falling or improper use of body
mechanics
Enhanced physical fitness
Absence of any complications associated with immobility
Improved social, emotional, and intellectual well-being

Safe Practice for Positioning, Moving,

Lifting, Ambulating Clients

Correct body mechanics

required for nurse to
prevent injury

Correct body alignment for the client also so that

undue stress is not placed on the
musculoskeletal system
General Guidelines for
Moving and Lifting
Before moving,assess
If indicated, use pain relief modalities
Prepare any needed assistive devices
Plan around encumbrancesp Be alert to the effects
of any medications
Obtain required assistance
Explain the procedure to the client
General Guidelines for
Transferring a Client
Plan what to do and how to do it
Obtain essential equipment before starting
Remove obstacles
Explain transfer to client and assistive
personnel
Support or hold client rather than
equipment
Explain what client should do
Make written plan, including client’s
tolerance
General Guidelines for Ambulating
Assess the amount of assistance the client will
require
Assess for signs and symptoms of orthostatic
hypotension
Prepare client for ambulation
Apply transfer or walking belt
Physically support client
Obtain assistance to follow with wheelchair or assist
with physical support
Teach client to correctly use mechanical aids
THANK YOU!! UWU