1

Chapter 2

METHOD

This chapter presents the methods and procedures used in the study. This includes the

research design, participants of the study, sampling technique, research instrument, validity and

reliability, data gathering procedure, ethical considerations and data analysis.

Research Design

This study used the grounded theory design utilizing correlational research method

Specifically, the main goal of this study was to find out who and how many are cheating in

senior high school students.

According to Chee-Huay Chong, Kee-Jiar Yeo (2015), grounded theory is increasingly

popular in a broad range of research primarily in educational research. The current paper aims to

provide useful information for the new-comers and fit them well in grounded theory research.

This paper starts with definitions, origin, and applications of grounded theory, followed by types

of grounded theory research designs and the key characteristics of grounded theory. Other

aspects covered include data collection and data analysis, general steps, and ethical issues in

grounded theory. Discussions on the strengths and limitations of grounded theory, as well as

evaluation aspects, are found in the last part of this paper.

In addition, Robert Wall Emerson (2016), stated that a statistical approach is often

governed by the kind of data collected, which is affected by how a study is designed. Conversely,
 2

a study is sometimes designed in order to collect a specific kind of data that is intended to be

analyzed in a certain way.

Participants of the study

The participants of this study were the Grade 11 students of Kabankalan Catholic College

Senior High School Department, School Year 2022-2023. There were (?) Grade 11 students

enrolled. The participants were chosen through total enumeration.

Sampling Technique

This study used total enumeration technique. There was a total of (?) Grade 11 students

enrolled in Kabankalan Catholic College Senior High School Department in Academic Year

2022-2023.

Research Instrument

This study self-made survey questionnaire on academic dishonesty of senior high school

students. This instrument is made of 3 parts. The first part of the instrument contains the

participants demographic information which includes sex, age, level, and strands. The second

part of the instrument contains a survey on Academic Dishonesty Behaviors and indicate how

frequently you have engaged in the following behaviors during your academic career, using the

following scale: 1 = Never, 2 = Rarely, 3 = Occasionally, 4 = Frequently, 5 = Always. The third

part of the instrument contains a survey on Academic Dishonesty Behaviors and indicate how
 3

frequently you have engaged in the following behaviors during your academic career, using the

following scale:

1 = Never, 2 = Rarely, 3 = Occasionally, 4 = Frequently, 5 = Always.

Validity and Reliability

Questionnaire is one of the most widely used tools to collect data in especially social

science research. The main objective of questionnaire in research is to obtain relevant

information in most reliable and valid manner. Thus, the accuracy and consistency of

survey/questionnaire forms a significant aspect of research methodology which are known as

validity and reliability. Often new researchers are confused with selection and conducting of

proper validity type to test their research instrument (questionnaire/survey). This review article

explores and describes the validity and reliability of a questionnaire/survey and discusses various

forms of validity and reliability tests.

Data Gathering Procedure

In gathering the data, the following procedures were observed.

First, the researcher sent a letter of permission from the department head or from the

Principal of Kabankalan Catholic College Senior High School Department, asking permission to

the conduct of the study.

Second, once the letter was approved by the principal, the researchers administered the

survey to the participants.

Third, after getting the data from the participants, the researchers assigned numerical

values using Microsoft excel.

Fourth, the researcher gathered the first and second grades SY. 2022-2023 of the (?)

Participants from the registrar.

Fifth, the researchers sent the data collected from the participants to the statistician to be

further analyzed and evaluated.

Ethical Considerations

Academic dishonesty, or cheating, has become a serious problem at colleges and

universities. This is particularly true of engineering students who, are among the most likely to

cheat in college. The present paper reviews the literature as a basis of broadly understanding

academic dishonesty. This discussion focuses on three primary issues: (1) perceptions of and

attitudes towards cheating, (2) reasons for student cheating, and (3) methods of promoting

academic integrity. A current research project being developed by the authors is also discussed.

The premise of this research is that students are constantly making ethical judgements between

the pressure to cheat and their own moral beliefs and social norms. The goal then is to uncover

the reasons for and frequency of student cheating and to develop best practices for helping

engineering students avoid this pressure. Topics of discussion include a rationale for the research

methodology, an outline of the questions we hope the survey will answer and a discussion of the

ethical implications of conducting research of this type.

Reference

Robert Wall Emerson (2016). Journal of Visual Impairment & Blindness from:

https://go.gale.com/ps/i.do?id=GALE

%7CA456581995&sid=googleScholar&v=2.1&it=r&linkaccess=abs&issn=0145482X&p=HRC

A&sw=w&userGroupName=anon%7E8b5c62ff&aty=open+web+entry

Chee-Huay Chong, Kee-Jiar Yeo (2015). An Overview of Grounded Theory Design in

Educational Research from:

http://eprints.utm.my/id/eprint/57787/1/CheeHuayChong2015_AnOverviewofGroundedTheoryD

esign.pdf