Chapter 1 Intext Questions

Page Number: 6

Question 1
Why should a magnesium ribbon be cleaned before burning in air ?
Answer:
Magnesium gets covered with a layer of magnesium oxide when kept in air for a long
time. This layer hinders the burning of magnesium. Hence, it is to be cleaned before
burning.

Question 2
Write the balanced equation for the following chemical reactions.
(i) Hydrogen + Chlorine → Hydrogen chloride
(ii) Barium chloride + Aluminium sulphate → Barium sulphate + Aluminium chloride
(iii) Sodium + Water → Sodium hydroxide + Hydrogen
Answer:
(i) H2 + Cl2 → 2HCl
(ii) 3 BaCl2 + Al2(SO4)3 → BaSO4 + 2 AlCl3
(iii) 2Na + 2H2O → 2NaOH + H2↑

Question 3
Write a balanced chemical equation with state symbols for the following reactions :
(i) Solutions of barium chloride and sodium sulphate in water react to give insoluble
barium sulphate and the solution of sodium chloride.
(ii) Sodium hydroxide solution (in water) reacts with hydrochloric acid solution (in
water) to produce sodium chloride solution and water.
Answer:
(i) BaCl2 (aq) + Na2SO4 (aq) → BaSO4(s) + 2NaCl (aq)
(ii) NaOH (aq) + HCl(aq) → NaCl(aq) + H2O(l)

Page Number: 10

Question 1
A solution of a substance ‘X’ is used for white washing.
(i) Name the substance ‘X’ and write its formula.
(ii) Write the reaction of the substance ‘X’ named in (i) above with water.
Answer:
(i) The substance whose solution in water is used for white washing is calcium oxide
(or quick lime). Its formula is CaO.

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Question 2
Why is the amount of gas collected in one of the test tubes in text book Activity 1.7
(i.e., electrolysis of water) double of the amount collected in the other? Name this
gas. [CBSE 2015 (Delhi)]
Answer:
In Activity 1.7, water is electrolysed to give H2 gas at one electrode and O2 gas at the
other electrode.
2H2O(l) → 2H2(g) + O2(g)
Thus two molecules of water on electrolysis give two molecules of hydrogen gas and
one molecule of oxygen gas or in other words the amount of hydrogen gas collected
would be double than that of oxygen gas.

Page Number: 13

Question 1
Why does the colour of copper sulphate solution change when an iron nail is dipped
in it ?
OR
An iron nail is dipped in the solution of copper sulphate for about 30 minutes. State
the change in colour observed. Give reason for the change. [CBSE 2015 (Delhi)]
Answer:
When an iron nail is dipped in copper sulphate solution, the displacement reaction
takes place. The colour of copper sulphate solution fades due to the formation of
light green solution of iron sulphate.

Question 2
Give an example of a double displacement reaction other than the one given in
Activity 1.10 (NCERT Text Book).
Answer:
Sodium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid react to form sodium chloride and water.

Question 3
Identify the substances that are oxidised and the substances which are reduced in
the following reactions.
(i) 4Na(s) + O2(g) → 2Na2O(s)
(ii) CuO (s) + H2(g) → Cu (s) + H2O(l)
Answer:
(i) Substances oxidised is Na as it gains oxygen and oxygen is reduced.
(ii) Substances reduced is Cu as hydrogen is oxidised as it gains oxygen.

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NCERT Solutions for Class 10
Science Chapter 1 Textbook Chapter End Questions
Question 1
Which of the statements about the reaction below are incorrect ?
2 PbO(s) + C(s) → 2Pb (s) + CO2(g)
(a) Lead is getting reduced.
(b) Carbon dioxide is getting oxidised.
(c) Carbon is getting oxidised.
(d) Lead oxide is getting reduced.

(i) (a) and (b)

(ii) (a) and (c)
(iii) (a), (b) and (c)
(iv) All
Answer:
(i) (a) and (b)

Question 2
Fe2O3 + 2Al → Al2O3 + 2Fe
The above reaction is an example of a
(a) combination reaction
(b) double displacement reaction
(c) decomposition reaction
(d) displacement reaction
Answer:
(d) Displacement reaction.

Question 3
What happens when dilute hydrochloric acid is added to iron filings ? Tick the correct
answer :
(a) Hydrogen gas and iron chloride are produced.
(b) Chlorine gas and iron hydroxide are produced.
(c) No reaction takes place.
(d) Iron salt and water are produced.
Answer:
(a) Hydrogen gas and iron chloride are produced.

Question 4
What is a balanced chemical equation ? Why should chemical equations be
balanced ?
Answer:
A balanced chemical equation has an equal number of atoms of different elements in
the reactants and products.

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The chemical equations should be balanced to
satisfy the law of conservation of mass.

Question 5
Translate the following statements into chemical equations and then balance them.
(a) Hydrogen gas combines with nitrogen to form ammonia.
(b) Hydrogen sulphide gas burns in air to give water and sulphur dioxide.
(c) Barium chloride reacts with aluminium sulphate to give aluminium chloride and a
precipitate of barium sulphate.
(d) Potassium metal reacts with water to give potassium hydroxide and hydrogen
gas.
Answer:
(a) 3H2 (g) + N2 (g) → 2NH3 (g)
(b) H2S (g) + 3O2 (g) → SO2 (g) + 2H2O(l)
(c) 3BaCl2 (aq) + Al2(SO4)3 (aq) → 2AlCl3 (aq) + 3BaSO4 ↓(s)
(d) 2K (s) + 2H2O (l) → 2KOH (aq) + H2 (g)

Question 6
Balance the following chemical equations :
(a) HNO3 + Ca (OH)2 → Ca (NO3)2 + H2O
(b) NaOH + H2SO4 → Na2SO4 + H2O
(c) NaCl + AgNO3 → AgCl + NaNO3
(d) BaCl2 + H2SO4 → BaSO4 + HCl
Answer:
(a) 2HNO3 + Ca(OH)2 → Ca(NO3)2 + 2H2O
(b) 2NaOH + H2SO4 → Na2SO4 + 2H2O
(c) NaCl + AgNO3 → AgCl + NaNO3
(d) BaCl2 + H2SO4 → BaSO4 + 2HCl

Question 7
Write the balanced chemical equations for the following reactions :
(a) Calcium hydroxide + Carbon dioxide → Calcium carbonate + Water
(b) Zinc + Silver nitrate → Zinc nitrate + Silver
(c) Aluminium + Copper chloride → Aluminium chloride + Copper
(d) Barium chloride + Potassium sulphate → Barium sulphate + Potassium chloride
Answer:
(a) Ca (OH)2 + CO2 → CaCO3 + H2O
(b) Zn + 2AgNO3 → Zn(NO3)2 + 2 Ag
(c) 2Al + 3 CuCl2 → 2AlCl3 + 3 Cu
(d) BaCl2 + K2SO4 → BaSO4 + 2KCl

Question 8
Write the balanced chemical equation for the following and identify the type of
reaction in each case :
(a) Potassium bromide (aq) + Barium iodide (aq) → Potassium iodide (aq) + Barium
(b) Zinc carbonate(s) → Zinc oxide (s) + Carbon dioxide (g) bromide(s)

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(c) Hydrogen (g) + Chloride (g) → Hydrogen chloride
(g)
(d) Magnesium (s) + Hydrochloric acid (aq) → Magnesium chloride (aq) + Hydrogen
(g)
Answer:
(a) 2KBr (aq) + Bal2(aq) → 2Kl(aq) + BaBr2(s)
Type : Double displacement reaction

(b) ZnCO3 (s) → ZnO (s) + CO2 (g)

Type : Decomposition reaction

(c) H2 (g) + Cl2 (g) → 2HCl(g)

Type : Combination reaction

(d) Mg (s) + 2HCl (aq) → MgCl2 (aq) + H2 (g)

Type : Displacement reaction

Question 9
What does one mean by exothermic and endothermic reactions ? Give examples.
Answer:
Exothermic reactions : Those reactions in which heat is evolved are known as
exothermic reactions. An exothermic reaction is indicated by writing “+ Heat”on the
products side of an equation.
Example :
(i) C (s) + O2 (g) → CO2 (g) + Heat
(ii) N2 (g) + 3H2 (g) → 2NH3 (g) + Heat

Endothermic reactions : Those reactions in which heat is absorbed are known as

endothermic reactions. An endothermic reaction is usually indicated by writing “Heat”
on the product side of a chemical equation.
Examples :
(i) C (s) + 2S (s) → CS2 (l) – Heat
(ii) N2 (g) + O2 (g) → 2NO(g) – Heat

Question 10
Why is respiration considered an exothermic reaction ? Explain.
Answer:
Respiration is an exothermic process because during respiration glucose combines
with oxygen in the cells of our body to form carbon dioxide and water along with the
production of energy.

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Question 11
Why are decomposition reactions called the opposite of combination reactions?
Write equations for these reactions.
Answer:
In a decomposition reaction, a single compound breaks down to produce two or
more simpler substances.
For example:

While, in a combination reaction, two or more substances simply combine to form a

new substance.
For example:

Question 12
Write one equation each for the decomposition reactions where energy is supplied in
the form of heat, light or electricity.
OR
Decomposition reactions require energy either in the form of heat or light or
electricity for breaking down the reactants. Write one equation each for
decomposition reactions where energy is supplied in the form of heat, light and
electricity. [CBSE 2015 (Delhi)]
Answer:

Question 13
What is the difference between displacement and double displacement reactions?
Write equations for these reactions.
Answer:
In displacement reactions, a more reactive metal displaces a less reactive metal
from its solution. For example,
Fe(s) + CuSO4(aq) → Cu(s) + FeSO4(aq)
This is a displacement reaction where iron displaces copper from its solution.
In double displacement reactions, two reactants in solution exchange their ions. For
example,
AgNO3(aq) + NaCl (aq) → AgCl(s) + NaNO3 (aq)

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This is a double displacement reaction where silver
nitrate and sodium chloride exchange Cl– and NO3– ions between them.

Question 14
In the refining of silver, the recovery of silver from silver nitrate solution involved
displacement by copper metal. Write down the reaction involved.
Answer:

Question 15
What do you mean by a precipitation reaction ? Explain by giving examples.
Answer:
A reaction in which an insoluble solid called precipitate is formed that separates from
the solution is called a precipitation reaction.
Example : When a solution of iron (III) chloride and ammonium hydroxide are mixed,
a brown precipitate of iron (III) hydroxide is formed.

Question 16
Explain the following in terms of gain or loss of oxygen with two examples each:
(a) Oxidation and
(b) Reduction.
Answer:
(a) Oxidation : The addition of oxygen to a substance is called oxidation.
Example :
(i) S(s) + O2(g) → SO2(g) (Addition of oxygen to sulphur)
(ii) 2Mg(s) + O2 (g) → 2MgO(s) (Addition of oxygen to magnesium)

(b) Reduction : The removal of oxygen from a substance is called reduction.

Example: (i) CuO + H2 Heat−→−− Cu + H2O
Here, copper oxide is being reduced to copper because oxygen gets removed from
copper oxide.
(ii) ZnO + C → Zn + CO
Here, zinc oxide is being reduced to zinc because oxygen gets removed from zinc
oxide.

Question 17
A shiny brown coloured element ‘X’ on heating in air becomes black in colour. Name
the element ‘X’ and the black coloured compound formed.
Answer:
Element ‘X’ is copper (Cu).

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The black coloured compound is copper oxide
(CuO). The reaction involved is

Question 18
Why do we apply paint on iron articles ?
Answer:
Paint does not allow iron articles to come in contact with air, water and saves iron
articles from damage due to rusting.

Question 19
Oil and fat containing food items are flushed with nitrogen. Why ?
Answer:
To keep food items fresh and save from getting oxidised, food items are flushed with
nitrogen.

Question 20
Explain the following terms with one example each (a) Corrosion, (b) Rancidity.
Answer:
(a) Corrosion : It is the process in which metals are eaten up gradually by the action
of air, moisture or a chemical (such as an acid) on their surface.
Example : When iron is exposed to moist air for a long period of time, its surface
acquires a coating of a brown, flaky substance called rust. Rust is mainly hydrated
iron (III) oxide [Fe2O3.xH20].

(b) Rancidity : The condition produced by aerial oxidation of fats and oils in foods
marked by unpleasant smell and taste is called rancidity.
Rancidity spoils the food materials prepared in fats and oils which have been kept for
a considerable time and makes them unfit for eating.
Rancidity can be prevented by adding anti-oxidants to foods containing fats and oils.
It can also be prevented by flushing fat and oil containing foods with nitrogen before
sealing.

Board CBSE

Textbook NCERT

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Class Class 10

Subject Science

Chapter Chapter 1

Chemical Reactions and

Chapter Name
Equations

Number of Questions
28
Solved

Category NCERT Solutions

NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 1

Chemical Reactions and Equations
NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science (Chemistry) Chapter 1 Chemical Reactions
and Equations are part of NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science. Here we have
given Class 10 Science NCERT Solutions Chapter 1.

Question 1
Which of the given statements about the reaction below are incorrect?

a. Lead is getting reduced

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b. Carbon dioxide is getting oxidised
c. Carbon is getting oxidised
d. Lead oxide is getting reduced
(i) (a) and (b)
(ii) (a) and (c)
(iii) (a), (b) and (c)
(iv) all
Solution:
(i) (a) and (b)

Question 2

The above reaction is an example of a

(i). Combination reaction
(ii). Double displacement reaction
(iii). Decomposition reaction
(iv). Displacement reaction
Solution:
(iv) Displacement reaction

Question 3
What happens when dilute hydrochloric acid is added to iron fillings? Tick the correct
answer.
a. Hydrogen gas and iron chloride are produced
b. Chlorine gas and iron hydroxide are produced
c. No reaction takes place
d Iron salt and water are produced
Solution:
Hydrogen gas and iron chloride are produced

Download NCERT Solutions for Class 10 Science Chapter 1 Chemical Reactions

and Equations PDF

Question 4
What is a balanced chemical equation? Why should chemical equations be
balanced?
Solution:
An equation for a chemical reaction is an equation in which the number of atoms for
each element in the reaction and the total charge is the same for both the reactants
and the products. In other words, the mass and the charge are balanced on both
sides of the reaction.

Question 5
Translate the following statements into chemical equations and then balance them.

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a. Hydrogen gas combines with nitrogen to form
ammonia
b. Hydrogen sulfide gas burns in air to give water and sulfur dioxide
c. Barium chloride reacts with Aluminium sulfate to give Aluminium chloride and a
precipitate of barium sulphate
d. Potassium metal reacts with water to give a potassium hydroxide and hydrogen
gas
Solution:
a. 3H2 + N2 → 2NH3
b. 2H2S + 3O2 → 2H2O + 2SO2
c. 3BaCl2 + Al2(SO4)3 → 2AlCl3 + 3BaSO4
d. 2K + 2H2O → 2KOH + H2

Question 6
Balance the following chemical equations.
a. HNO3 + Ca(OH)2 → Ca(NO3)2 + H2O
b.NaOH + H2SO4 → Na2SO4 + H2O
C. NaCl + AgNO3 → AgCl + NaNO3
d. BaCl2 + H2SO4 → BaSO4 + HCl
Solution:
a. 2HNO3 + 2Ca(OH)2 → Ca(NO3)2 + 2H2O
b. 6NaOH + 3H2SO4 → 3Na2SO4 + 6H2O
C. NaCl + AgNO3 → AgCI + NaNO3
d. BaCl2 + H2SO4 → BaSO4 + 2HCl

Question 7
Write the balanced chemical equations for the following reactions:
(a) Calcium hydroxide + Carbon dioxide → Calcium carbonate + Water(b) Zinc +
Silver nitrate → Zinc nitrate + Silver(c) Aluminium + Copper chloride → Aluminium
chloride + Copper(d) Barium chloride + Potassium sulphate → Barium sulphate +
Potassium chlorideAnswer:(a) Ca (OH)2 + CO2 → CaCO3 + H2O(b) Zn + 2AgNO3
→ Zn(NO3)2 + 2 Ag(c) 2Al + 3 CuCl2 → 2AlCl3 + 3 Cu(d) BaCl2 + K2SO4 →
BaSO4 + 2KCl

Question 8
Write the balanced chemical equation for the following and identify the type of
reaction of each case.

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Solution:
a. 2KBr + BaI2 → 2KI + BaBr2 — Double Displacement reaction
b. ZnCO3 → ZnO + CO2 — Decomposition reaction
c. H2 + Cl2 → 2HCl — Combination reaction
d. Mg + 2HCl → MgCl2 + H2 — Displacement reaction

Question 9
What is meant by exothermic and endothermic reactions? Give examples.
Solution:
An exothermic reaction is one that releases heat.
If 1 mole of N2 molecule reacts with 1 mole of O2 molecule, the heat of 184 KJ has to
be supplied to initiate the reaction to give 1 mole of NO molecule. This means that
the bonds between N – N and O – O are so strong that they do not break easily.
N2 has triple covalent bond between the two N atoms. O 2 has a double covalent
bond. Thus energy has to be put into the reaction to break the strong bonds. Thus
the above reaction is a good example of an endothermic reaction.

Question 10
Why is respiration considered an exothermic reaction?
Solution:
During respiration, glucose combines with oxygen in the cells of our body to form
carbon dioxide and water along with the production of energy.
Glucose + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water + energy
It is an exothermic reaction, because energy is produced during this process.

Question 11
Why are decomposition reactions called the opposite of combination reactions?
Write equations for decomposition reactions.
Solution:
Essentially, decomposition reactions are the opposite of combination reactions. A
compound decomposes (i.e., “splits-up”) into two or more compounds and/or
elements. For example, mercury (II) oxide will, decompose into mercury metal and
oxygen, upon heating:
2HgO →  2Hg + O2
Since heat had to be added to make this reaction occur, it is an endothermic

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reaction. Most decomposition reactions are
endothermic. Another example of decomposition reaction is the heating of calcium
carbonate (sea shells, chalk):

Question 12
Write one equation each for decomposition reactions in which energy is supplied in
the form of heat, light or electricity?
Solution:
When calcium carbonate is heated, it decomposes to give calcium oxide and carbon
dioxide:

Question 13
What is the difference between displacement and double displacement reactions?
Write relevant equations for the above?
Solution:
The difference between the displacement and double displacement reactions is that
in a displacement reaction one element displaces another by virtue of it being more
reactive whereas in a double displacement two anions and two cations switch places
between two compounds respectively.
For example:
CuSO4 (aq) + Zn(s) → ZnSO4 + Cu(s)
Blue copper sulphate solution reacting with solid zinc will give rise to colourless zinc
sulphate solution and solid copper. Thus Zn displaces Cu in the salt form. Zn is more
reactive than Cu.

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An example of double displacement reaction is the
reaction between sodium carbonate and calcium chloride, both in aqueous
Solution:
Na2CO3 (aq) + CaCl2 (aq) → CaCO3 (ppt) + 2NaCl(aq)

Question 14
In the refining of silver, the recovery of silver from silver nitrate solution involves
displacement by copper metal. Write down the reaction involved.
Solution:

Question 15
What do you mean by a precipitation reaction? Explain by giving examples:
Solution:
A precipitation reaction is a reaction in which soluble ions in separate solutions are
mixed together to form an insoluble compound that settles out of solution as a solid.
This insoluble compound is called a precipitate.

An example of a precipitation reaction

Aqueous silver nitrate (AgNO3), when added to a solution containing potassium
chloride (KCl), precipitates a white solid, and silver chloride is observed.
AgNO3 (aq) + KCl(aq) → AgCl(s) + KNO3(aq)
The silver chloride (AgCl) has formed a solid, which is observed as a precipitate.

Question 16
A shiny brown colored element ‘X’ on heating in the air becomes black in color.
Name the element ‘X’ and the black coloured compound formed.
Solution:
The shiny brown colored element X is copper metal (Cu). When copper metal is
heated in air, it forms a black colored compound copper oxide. So, the black colored
compound is the copper oxide or copper (II) oxide, CuO.

Question 17
Why do we apply paint on iron articles?
Solution:
Rust is a soft and porous substance, which gradually falls from the surface of an iron
object, and then the iron below starts rusting. Thus, rusting of iron (or corrosion of
iron) is a continuous process which, if not prevented in time, eats up the whole iron
object. So, when we apply paint on iron articles it reduces the rusting of iron.

Question 18
Oil and fat containing food items are flushed with nitrogen. Why?
Solution:
Packaging fat and oil containing foods in nitrogen gas can prevent rancidity. When

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the fat and oil present in food materials gets oxidised
(in air), their oxidation products have an unpleasant smell and taste. When it is
surrounded by unreactive gas, nitrogen, there is no oxygen (of air) to cause its
oxidation and make it rancid.

Question 19
Explain the following terms with one example each.
a. Corrosion
b. Rancidity
Solution:
a. Corrosion is the process in which metals are eaten up gradually by the action of
air, moisture or a chemical on their surface. Corrosion is caused mainly by the
oxidation of metals by the oxygen of air.
Example: Rusting of iron is the most common form of corrosion. When an iron object
is left in damp air for a considerable period of time, it gets covered with a red-brown
flaky substance called ‘rust’. This is called rusting of iron.
b. The condition produced by aerial oxidation of fat and oil in food which is marked
by an unpleasant smell and taste is called rancidity.
Example: Rancidity can be retarded by keeping food in a refrigerator.
The refrigerator has a low temperature inside it. When the food is kept in a
refrigerator, the oxidation of fat and oil in it is slowed down due to low temperature.
So, the development of rancidity due to oxidation is retarded.

Question 20
Why should a magnesium ribbon be cleaned before burning in air?
Solution:
To remove the oxide layer and facilitates rapid burning.

Question 21
Write the balanced equation for the following chemical reactions.
i. Hydrogen + Chloride → Hydrogen chloride
ii. Barium chloride + Aluminium sulphate → Barium sulphate + Aluminium chloride
iii. Sodium + water → Sodium hydroxide + Hydrogen
Solution:
i. H2 + Cl2 → 2HCl
ii. 3BaCl2 + Al2(SO4)3 → 3BaSO4 + 2AlCl3
iii. 2Na + 2H2O → 2NaOH + H2

Question 22
Write a balanced chemical equation and state symbols for the following reactions.
a. Solutions of barium chloride and sodium sulphate in water react to give insoluble
barium sulphate and the solution of sodium chloride
b. Sodium hydroxide solution (in water) reacts with hydrochloric acid solution (in
water) to produce sodium chloride solution and water.

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Solution:

Question 23
A solution of a substance ‘X’ is used for white washing.
Name the substance ‘X’ and write its formula.
(i) Write the reaction of the substance ‘X; named in (ii) above with water
Solution:

Question 24
Why does the colour of copper sulphate solution change when an iron nail is dipped
into it?
Solution:
In this reaction, iron displaces copper from copper sulphate solution. The deep blue
colour of copper sulphate solution fades due to the formation of light green solution
of iron sulphate. A red-brown coating of copper metal is formed on the surface of the
iron metal. This displacement reaction occurs because iron is more reactive than
copper.

Question 25
Identify the substances that are oxidised and the substances that are reduced in the
following reactions.
i. 4Na(s) + O2 (g) → 2Na2O(s)
ii. CuO(s) + H2(g) → Cu(s) + H2O(l)
Solution:
i. 4Na(s) + O2 (g) → 2Na2O(s)
Here oxygen is added to sodium. The addition of oxygen is Called oxidation. So the
substance that is oxidized is sodium Na.
ii. CuO(s) + H2(g) → Cu(s) + H2O(l)

In this reaction, copper oxide (CuO) gives the oxygen required for the oxidation of
hydrogen; therefore, copper oxide is the oxidizing agent. Hydrogen is responsible for
removing oxygen from copper oxide; therefore, hydrogen is the reducing agent here.

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NCERT Solutions for Class 10
Science Chapter 1 (MCQs) [1 Mark each]
Question 1.
When crystals of lead nitrate are heated strongly in a dry test tube
(a) crystals immediately melt
(b) a brown residue is left
(c) white fumes appear in the test tube
(d) a yellow residue is left
Answer:
(b)Pungent smelling, brown fumes are evolved due to NO 2 gas and brown coloured
residue of lead oxide (PbO) is left.

Question 2.
A dilute ferrous sulphate solution was gradually added to the beaker containing
acidified permanganate solution. The light purple colour of the solution fades and
finally disappears. Which of the following is the correct explanation for the
observation? [NCERT Exemplar]
(a) KMnO4 is an oxidising agent, it oxidises FeSO4
(b) FeSO4 acts as an oxidising agent and oxidises KMnO4
(c) The colour disappears due to dilution, no reaction is involved
(d) KMnO4 is an unstable compound and decomposes in the presence of FeSO 4 to a
colourless compound
Answer:
(a)Potassium permanganate (KMnO4) in the presence of dil. H2SO4, i.e. in acidic
medium, acts as a strong oxidising agent. In acidic medium, KMnO 4 oxidises ferrous
sulphate to ferric sulphate.

Question 3.
Dilute hydrochloric acid is added to granulated zinc taken in a test tube. The
following observations are recorded. Point out the correct observation.
(a) The surface of metal becomes shining
(b) The reaction mixture turns milky
(c) Odour of a pungent smelling gas is recorded
(d) A colourless and odourless gas is evolved
Answer:
(d)Zinc metal reacts with dil. HCl to form zinc chloride and bubbles of colourless and

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odourless hydrogen gas is evolved.

Question 4.
When a magnesium ribbon is burnt in air, the ash formed is
(a) black
(b) white
(c) yellow
(d) pink
Answer:
(b)When a Mg ribbon is burnt in air, the ash formed is of magnesium oxide which is
white in colour.
2Mg(r) + O2(g) → 2MgO(f)

Question 5.
Three beakers labelled as A, B and C each containing 25 mL of water were taken. A
small amount of NaOH, anhyd. CuSO4 and NaCl were added to the beakers A, B and
C, respectively. It was observed that there was an increase in the temperature of the
solutions contained in beakers A and B whereas, in case of beaker C, the
temperature of the solution falls. Which one of the following statements is/are
correct?
I. In beakers A and B, exothermic process has occurred.
II. In beakers A and B, endothermic process has occurred.
III. In beaker C, the exothermic process has occurred.
IV. In beaker C, endothermic process has occurred. [NCERT Exemplar]
(a) Only I
(b) Only II
(c) I and IV
(d) II and III
Answer:
(c)As in case of beakers A and B, heat is given out, so temperature became high,
hence it is an exothermic reaction while in beaker C, heat is absorbed from water, so
temperature falls, hence it is an endothermic process.

Question 6.
Which of the following will be required to identify the gas evolved when dilute
hydrochloric acid reacts with zinc metal?
(a) Red litmus paper
(b) pH paper
(c) Lime water
(d) A burning splinter
Answer:
(d)On reacting with dil. HCl, zinc metal forms zinc chloride and hydrogen gas is
evolved. Presence of hydrogen gas can be checked by a burning splinter because

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H4 gas burnt in a splinter with a pop sound.

Question 7.
On immersing an iron nail in CuSO4 solution for few minutes, you will observe that
(a) no reaction takes place
(b) the colour of solution fades away
(c) the surface of iron nails acquire a black coating
(d) the colour of solution changes to green
Answer:
(b)Fe(s) + CuSO4 (aq) → FeSO4 (aq) + Cu(s)
Fe is present above in the reactivity series of metals. Hence, Fe displaces Cu from
CuSO4 solution. And the colour of the solution fades away. This is an example of
displacement reaction.

Question 8.
What happens when ferrous sulphate crystals are heated? [CCE 2014]
(a) A gas having the smell of burning sulphur is evolved
(b) No gas is evolved
(c) Brown coloured gas is evolved
(d) Colourless and odourless gas is evolved
Answer:
(a)The green colour of ferrous sulphate crystals changes to brownish black ferric
oxide and smell of burning sulphur is evolved due to SO 2 and SO3.

Question 9.
The colour of the precipitate formed when barium chloride solution is mixed with
sodium sulphate solution is [CCE 2014]
(a) blue
(b) black
(c) white
(d) green
Answer:
(c)This is an example of a double displacement reaction and a white precipitate of
barium sulphate is formed.

Question 10.
How the colour changes when the gases after thermal decomposition of ferrous
sulphate come in contact with an acidified solution of potassium dichromate?
(a) Green to orange

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(b) Red to colorless
(c) Orange to green
(d) Blue to green

Answer:
(c) The color changes from orange to green due to the formation of iron (III) sulphate

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