Chapter.

1
Chemical Reactions and Equations
1. Why should a magnesium ribbon be cleaned before burning in air ?
Magnesium gets covered with a layer of magnesium oxide when kept in air for a long time. This
layer hinders the burning of magnesium. Hence, it is to be cleaned before burning.

2. Write the balanced equation for the following chemical reactions.

(i) Hydrogen + Chlorine → Hydrogen chloride
(ii) Barium chloride + Aluminium sulphate → Barium sulphate + Aluminium chloride
(iii) Sodium + Water → Sodium hydroxide + Hydrogen

(i) H2 + Cl2 → 2HCl

(ii) 3 BaCl2 + Al2(SO4)3 → BaSO4 + 2 AlCl3
(iii) 2Na + 2H2O → 2NaOH + H2↑
3. Write a balanced chemical equation with state symbols for the following reactions :
(i) Solutions of barium chloride and sodium sulphate in water react to give insoluble barium
sulphate and the solution of sodium chloride.
(ii) Sodium hydroxide solution (in water) reacts with hydrochloric acid solution (in water)
to produce sodium chloride solution and water.

(i) BaCl2 (aq) + Na2SO4 (aq) → BaSO4(s) + 2NaCl (aq)

(ii) NaOH (aq) + HCl(aq) → NaCl(aq) + H2O(l)

4. A solution of a substance ‘X’ is used for white washing.

(i) Name the substance ‘X’ and write its formula.
(ii) Write the reaction of the substance ‘X’ named in (i) above with water.
(i) The substance whose solution in water is used for white washing is calcium oxide (or quick
lime). Its formula is CaO.
(ii) 𝐶𝑎𝑂 + 𝐻2 𝑂(𝑙) 𝐶𝑎(𝑂𝐻)2 (𝑎𝑞)
5. Why is the amount of gas collected in one of the test tubes in text book Activity 1.7 (i.e.,
electrolysis of water) double of the amount collected in the other? Name this gas.
In Activity 1.7, water is electrolysed to give H2 gas at one electrode and O2 gas at the other
electrode.
2H2O(l) → 2H2(g) + O2(g)

Thus two molecules of water on electrolysis give two molecules of hydrogen gas and one molecule
of oxygen gas or in other words the amount of hydrogen gas collected would be double than that
of oxygen gas.

6. Why does the colour of copper sulphate solution change when an iron nail is dipped in it ?
OR An iron nail is dipped in the solution of copper sulphate for about 30 minutes. State the
change in colour observed. Give reason for the change.
When an iron nail is dipped in copper sulphate solution, the displacement reaction takes place.
The colour of copper sulphate solution fades due to the formation of light green solution of iron
sulphate.
Chemical reactions and Equations

7. Give an example of a double displacement reaction

Sodium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid react to form sodium chloride and water.

8. Identify the substances that are oxidised and the substances which are reduced in the
following reactions.
(i) 4Na(s) + O2(g) → 2Na2O(s)
(ii) CuO (s) + H2(g) → Cu (s) + H2O(l)
(i) Substances oxidised is Na as it gains oxygen and oxygen is reduced.
(ii) Substances reduced is Cu as hydrogen is oxidised as it gains oxygen.
9. Which of the statements about the reaction below are incorrect?
2 PbO(s) + C(s) → 2Pb (s) + CO2(g)
(a) Lead is getting reduced.
(b) Carbon dioxide is getting oxidised.
(c) Carbon is getting oxidised.
(d) Lead oxide is getting reduced.

(i) (a) and (b)

(ii) (a) and (c)
(iii) (a), (b) and (c)
(iv) All

(i) (a) and (b)

10. Fe2O3 + 2Al → Al2O3 + 2Fe

The above reaction is an example of a
(a) combination reaction
(b) double displacement reaction
(c) decomposition reaction
(d) displacement reaction

(d) Displacement reaction.

11. What happens when dilute hydrochloric acid is added to iron filings ? Tick the correct
answer:
(a) Hydrogen gas and iron chloride are produced.
(b) Chlorine gas and iron hydroxide are produced.
(c) No reaction takes place.
(d) Iron salt and water are produced.

(a) Hydrogen gas and iron chloride are produced.

12. What is a balanced chemical equation? Why should chemical equations be balanced ?
A balanced chemical equation has an equal number of atoms of different elements in the reactants
and products. The chemical equations should be balanced to satisfy the law of conservation of
mass.

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Chemical reactions and Equations
13. Translate the following statements into chemical equations and then balance them.
(a) Hydrogen gas combines with nitrogen to form ammonia.
(b) Hydrogen sulphide gas burns in air to give water and sulphur dioxide.
(c) Barium chloride reacts with aluminium sulphate to give aluminium chloride and a
precipitate of barium sulphate.
(d) Potassium metal reacts with water to give potassium hydroxide and hydrogen gas.
(a) 3H2 (g) + N2 (g) → 2NH3 (g)

(b) H2S (g) + 3O2 (g) → SO2 (g) + 2H2O(l)

(c) 3BaCl2 (aq) + Al2(SO4)3 (aq) → 2AlCl3 (aq) + 3BaSO4 ↓(s)

(d) 2K (s) + 2H2O (l) → 2KOH (aq) + H2 (g)

14. Balance the following chemical equations:

(a) HNO3 + Ca (OH)2 → Ca (NO3)2 + H2O
(b) NaOH + H2SO4 → Na2SO4 + H2O
(c) NaCl + AgNO3 → AgCl + NaNO3
(d) BaCl2 + H2SO4 → BaSO4 + HCl

(a) 2HNO3 + Ca(OH)2 → Ca(NO3)2 + 2H2O

(b) 2NaOH + H2SO4 → Na2SO4 + 2H2O
(c) NaCl + AgNO3 → AgCl + NaNO3
(d) BaCl2 + H2SO4 → BaSO4 + 2HCl
15. Write the balanced chemical equations for the following reactions :
(a) Calcium hydroxide + Carbon dioxide → Calcium carbonate + Water
(b) Zinc + Silver nitrate → Zinc nitrate + Silver
(c) Aluminium + Copper chloride → Aluminium chloride + Copper
(d) Barium chloride + Potassium sulphate → Barium sulphate + Potassium chloride

(a) Ca (OH)2 + CO2 → CaCO3 + H2O

(b) Zn + 2AgNO3 → Zn(NO3)2 + 2 Ag
(c) 2Al + 3 CuCl2 → 2AlCl3 + 3 Cu
(d) BaCl2 + K2SO4 → BaSO4 + 2KCl

16. Write the balanced chemical equation for the following and identify the type of reaction in
each case :
(a) Potassium bromide (aq) + Barium iodide (aq) → Potassium iodide (aq) + Barium
(b) Zinc carbonate(s) → Zinc oxide (s) + Carbon dioxide (g) bromide(s)
(c) Hydrogen (g) + Chloride (g) → Hydrogen chloride (g)
(d) Magnesium (s) + Hydrochloric acid (aq) → Magnesium chloride (aq) + Hydrogen (g)

(a) 2KBr (aq) + Bal2(aq) → 2Kl(aq) + BaBr2(s) Type : Double displacement reaction

(b) ZnCO3 (s) → ZnO (s) + CO2 (g) Type : Decomposition reaction

(c) H2 (g) + Cl2 (g) → 2HCl(g) Type : Combination reaction

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Chemical reactions and Equations
(d) Mg (s) + 2HCl (aq) → MgCl2 (aq) + H2 (g) Type : Displacement reaction

17. What does one mean by exothermic and endothermic reactions? Give examples.

Exothermic reactions: Those reactions in which heat is evolved are known as exothermic
reactions. An exothermic reaction is indicated by writing “+ Heat” on the products side of an
equation. Example :

(i) C (s) + O2 (g) → CO2 (g) + Heat

(ii) N2 (g) + 3H2 (g) → 2NH3 (g) + Heat

Endothermic reactions: Those reactions in which heat is absorbed are known as endothermic
reactions. An endothermic reaction is usually indicated by writing “Heat” on the product side of a
chemical equation. Examples:

(i) C (s) + 2S (s) → CS2 (l) – Heat

(ii) N2 (g) + O2 (g) → 2NO(g) – Heat

18. Why is respiration considered an exothermic reaction? Explain.

Respiration is an exothermic process because during respiration glucose combines with oxygen in
the cells of our body to form carbon dioxide and water along with the production of energy.

19. Why are decomposition reactions called the opposite of combination reactions? Write
equations for these reactions.

In a decomposition reaction, a single compound breaks down to produce two or more simpler
substances. For example:

While, in a combination reaction, two or more substances simply combine to form a new
substance. For example:

20. Write one equation each for the decomposition reactions where energy is supplied in the
form of heat, light or electricity. OR Decomposition reactions require energy either in the
form of heat or light or electricity for breaking down the reactants. Write one equation each
for decomposition reactions where energy is supplied in the form of heat, light and
electricity.

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 Chemical reactions and Equations

21. What is the difference between displacement and double displacement reactions? Write
equations for these reactions.

In displacement reactions, a more reactive metal displaces a less reactive metal from its solution.
For example,

Fe(s) + CuSO4(aq) → Cu(s) + FeSO4(aq)

This is a displacement reaction where iron displaces copper from its solution.
In double displacement reactions, two reactants in solution exchange their ions. For example,

AgNO3(aq) + NaCl (aq) → AgCl(s) + NaNO3 (aq)

This is a double displacement reaction where silver nitrate and sodium chloride exchange Cl– and
NO3– ions between them.

22. In the refining of silver, the recovery of silver from silver nitrate solution involved displacement
by copper metal. Write down the reaction involved.

23. What do you mean by a precipitation reaction ? Explain by giving examples.

A reaction in which an insoluble solid called precipitate is formed that separates from the solution
is called a precipitation reaction.

Example : When a solution of iron (III) chloride and ammonium hydroxide are mixed, a brown
precipitate of iron (III) hydroxide is formed.

24. Explain the following in terms of gain or loss of oxygen with two examples each:
(a) Oxidation and (b) Reduction.

(a) Oxidation : The addition of oxygen to a substance is called oxidation. Example :

(i) S(s) + O2(g) → SO2(g) (Addition of oxygen to sulphur)

(ii) 2Mg(s) + O2 (g) → 2MgO(s) (Addition of oxygen to magnesium)

(b) Reduction: The removal of oxygen from a substance is called reduction. Example:
(i) CuO + H2 Heat−→−− Cu + H2O
Here, copper oxide is being reduced to copper because oxygen gets removed from copper oxide.
(ii) ZnO + C → Zn + CO

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 Chemical reactions and Equations
Here, zinc oxide is being reduced to zinc because oxygen gets removed from zinc oxide.

25. A shiny brown coloured element ‘X’ on heating in air becomes black in colour. Name the
element ‘X’ and the black coloured compound formed.

Element ‘X’ is copper (Cu). The black coloured compound is copper oxide (CuO). The reaction
involved is

26. Why do we apply paint on iron articles ?

Paint does not allow iron articles to come in contact with air, water and saves iron articles from
damage due to rusting.

27. Oil and fat containing food items are flushed with nitrogen. Why ?

To keep food items fresh and save from getting oxidised, food items are flushed with nitrogen.

28. Explain the following terms with one example each (a) Corrosion, (b) Rancidity.

(a) Corrosion : It is the process in which metals are eaten up gradually by the action of air,
moisture or a chemical (such as an acid) on their surface. Example : When iron is exposed
to moist air for a long period of time, its surface acquires a coating of a brown, flaky
substance called rust. Rust is mainly hydrated iron (III) oxide [Fe2O3.xH20].

(b) Rancidity : The condition produced by aerial oxidation of fats and oils in foods marked by
unpleasant smell and taste is called rancidity. Rancidity spoils the food materials prepared in fats
and oils which have been kept for a considerable time and makes them unfit for eating.
Rancidity can be prevented by adding anti-oxidants to foods containing fats and oils. It can also
be prevented by flushing fat and oil containing foods with nitrogen before sealing.

29. Which of the given statements about the reaction below are incorrect?

a. Lead is getting reduced

b. Carbon dioxide is getting oxidised
c. Carbon is getting oxidised
d. Lead oxide is getting reduced

(i) (a) and (b)

(ii) (a) and (c)
(iii) (a), (b) and (c)
(iv) all

(i) (a) and (b)

30.
The above reaction is an example of a

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(i). Combination reaction
(ii). Double displacement reaction
(iii). Decomposition reaction
(iv). Displacement reaction
(iv) Displacement reaction

31. What happens when dilute hydrochloric acid is added to iron fillings? Tick the correct
answer.
a. Hydrogen gas and iron chloride are produced
b. Chlorine gas and iron hydroxide are produced
c. No reaction takes placed Iron salt and water are produced
Hydrogen gas and iron chloride are produced

32. What is a balanced chemical equation? Why should chemical equations be balanced?

An equation for a chemical reaction is an equation in which the number of atoms for each element
in the reaction and the total charge is the same for both the reactants and the products. In other
words, the mass and the charge are balanced on both sides of the reaction.

33. Translate the following statements into chemical equations and then balance them.
a. Hydrogen gas combines with nitrogen to form ammonia
b. Hydrogen sulfide gas burns in air to give water and sulfur dioxide
c. Barium chloride reacts with Aluminium sulfate to give Aluminium chloride and a
precipitate of barium sulphate
d. Potassium metal reacts with water to give a potassium hydroxide and hydrogen gas

a. 3H2 + N2 → 2NH3
b. 2H2S + 3O2 → 2H2O + 2SO2
c. 3BaCl2 + Al2(SO4)3 → 2AlCl3 + 3BaSO4
d. 2K + 2H2O → 2KOH + H2

34. Balance the following chemical equations.

a. HNO3 + Ca(OH)2 → Ca(NO3)2 + H2O
b. NaOH + H2SO4 → Na2SO4 + H2O
c. NaCl + AgNO3 → AgCl + NaNO3
d. BaCl2 + H2SO4 → BaSO4 + HCl

a. 2HNO3 + 2Ca(OH)2 → Ca(NO3)2 + 2H2O

b. 6NaOH + 3H2SO4 → 3Na2SO4 + 6H2O
c. NaCl + AgNO3 → AgCI + NaNO3
d. BaCl2 + H2SO4 → BaSO4 + 2HCl

35. Write the balanced chemical equations for the following reactions:
(a) Calcium hydroxide + Carbon dioxide → Calcium carbonate + Water
(b) Zinc + Silver nitrate → Zinc nitrate + Silver
(c) Aluminium + Copper chloride → Aluminium chloride + Copper
(d) Barium chloride + Potassium sulphate → Barium sulphate + Potassium chloride

(a) Ca (OH)2 + CO2 → CaCO3 + H2O

(b) Zn + 2AgNO3 → Zn(NO3)2 + 2 Ag
(c) 2Al + 3 CuCl2 → 2AlCl3 + 3 Cu
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Chemical reactions and Equations
(d) BaCl2 + K2SO4 → BaSO4 + 2KCl

36. Write the balanced chemical equation for the following and identify the type of reaction of
each case.

a. 2KBr + BaI2 → 2KI + BaBr2 — Double Displacement reaction

b. ZnCO3 → ZnO + CO2 — Decomposition reaction
c. H2 + Cl2 → 2HCl — Combination reaction
d. Mg + 2HCl → MgCl2 + H2 — Displacement reaction

37. What is meant by exothermic and endothermic reactions? Give examples.

An exothermic reaction is one that releases heat. If 1 mole of N2 molecule reacts with 1 mole of
O2 molecule, the heat of 184 KJ has to be supplied to initiate the reaction to give 1 mole of NO
molecule. This means that the bonds between N – N and O – O are so strong that they do not break
easily. N2 has triple covalent bond between the two N atoms. O2 has a double covalent bond. Thus
energy has to be put into the reaction to break the strong bonds. Thus the above reaction is a good
example of an endothermic reaction.

38. Why is respiration considered an exothermic reaction?

During respiration, glucose combines with oxygen in the cells of our body to form carbon dioxide
and water along with the production of energy.

Glucose + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water + energy

It is an exothermic reaction, because energy is produced during this process.

39. Why are decomposition reactions called the opposite of combination reactions? Write
equations for decomposition reactions.

Essentially, decomposition reactions are the opposite of combination reactions. A compound

decomposes (i.e., “splits-up”) into two or more compounds and/or elements.
For example, mercury (II) oxide will, decompose into mercury metal and oxygen, upon heating:

2HgO → 2Hg + O2

Since heat had to be added to make this reaction occur, it is an endothermic reaction. Most
decomposition reactions are endothermic. Another example of decomposition reaction is the
heating of calcium carbonate (sea shells, chalk):

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Chemical reactions and Equations
40. Write one equation each for decomposition reactions in which energy is supplied in the form
of heat, light or electricity?

When calcium carbonate is heated, it decomposes to give calcium oxide and carbon dioxide:

41. What is the difference between displacement and double displacement reactions? Write
relevant equations for the above?

The difference between the displacement and double displacement reactions is that in a
displacement reaction one element displaces another by virtue of it being more reactive whereas
in a double displacement two anions and two cations switch places between two compounds
respectively. For example:

CuSO4 (aq) + Zn(s) → ZnSO4 + Cu(s)

42. Blue copper sulphate solution reacting with solid zinc will give rise to colourless zinc sulphate
solution and solid copper. Thus Zn displaces Cu in the salt form. Zn is more reactive than
Cu. An example of double displacement reaction is the reaction between sodium carbonate
and calcium chloride, both in aqueous

Na2CO3 (aq) + CaCl2 (aq) → CaCO3 (ppt) + 2NaCl(aq)

43. In the refining of silver, the recovery of silver from silver nitrate solution involves
displacement by copper metal. Write down the reaction involved.

44. What do you mean by a precipitation reaction? Explain by giving examples:

A precipitation reaction is a reaction in which soluble ions in separate solutions are mixed together
to form an insoluble compound that settles out of solution as a solid. This insoluble compound is
called a precipitate.

An example of a precipitation reaction Aqueous silver nitrate (AgNO3), when added to a solution
containing potassium chloride (KCl), precipitates a white solid, and silver chloride is observed.

AgNO3 (aq) + KCl(aq) → AgCl(s) + KNO3(aq)

The silver chloride (AgCl) has formed a solid, which is observed as a precipitate.

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45. A shiny brown coloured element ‘X’ on heating in the air becomes black in color. Name the
element ‘X’ and the black coloured compound formed.

The shiny brown coloured element X is copper metal (Cu). When copper metal is heated in air, it
forms a black coloured compound copper oxide. So, the black coloured compound is the copper
oxide or copper (II) oxide, CuO.

46. Why do we apply paint on iron articles?

Rust is a soft and porous substance, which gradually falls from the surface of an iron object, and
then the iron below starts rusting. Thus, rusting of iron (or corrosion of iron) is a continuous
process which, if not prevented in time, eats up the whole iron object. So, when we apply paint on
iron articles it reduces the rusting of iron.

47. Oil and fat containing food items are flushed with nitrogen. Why?

Packaging fat and oil containing foods in nitrogen gas can prevent rancidity. When the fat and oil
present in food materials gets oxidised (in air), their oxidation products have an unpleasant smell
and taste. When it is surrounded by unreactive gas, nitrogen, there is no oxygen (of air) to cause
its oxidation and make it rancid.

48. Explain the following terms with one example each.

a. Corrosion
b. Rancidity

a. Corrosion is the process in which metals are eaten up gradually by the action of air, moisture or
a chemical on their surface. Corrosion is caused mainly by the oxidation of metals by the oxygen
of air.
Example: Rusting of iron is the most common form of corrosion. When an iron object is left in
damp air for a considerable period of time, it gets covered with a red-brown flaky substance called
‘rust’. This is called rusting of iron.

b. The condition produced by aerial oxidation of fat and oil in food which is marked by an
unpleasant smell and taste is called rancidity.
Example: Rancidity can be retarded by keeping food in a refrigerator.
The refrigerator has a low temperature inside it. When the food is kept in a refrigerator, the
oxidation of fat and oil in it is slowed down due to low temperature. So, the development of
rancidity due to oxidation is retarded.

49. Why should a magnesium ribbon be cleaned before burning in air?

To remove the oxide layer and facilitates rapid burning.

50. Write the balanced equation for the following chemical reactions.
i. Hydrogen + Chloride → Hydrogen chloride
ii. Barium chloride + Aluminium sulphate → Barium sulphate + Aluminium chloride
iii. Sodium + water → Sodium hydroxide + Hydrogen

i. H2 + Cl2 → 2HCl
ii. 3BaCl2 + Al2(SO4)3 → 3BaSO4 + 2AlCl3
iii. 2Na + 2H2O → 2NaOH + H2

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51. Write a balanced chemical equation and state symbols for the following reactions.
a. Solutions of barium chloride and sodium sulphate in water react to give insoluble barium
sulphate and the solution of sodium chloride
b. Sodium hydroxide solution (in water) reacts with hydrochloric acid solution (in water) to
produce sodium chloride solution and water.

52. Why does the colour of copper sulphate solution change when an iron nail is dipped into it?

In this reaction, iron displaces copper from copper sulphate solution. The deep blue colour of
copper sulphate solution fades due to the formation of light green solution of iron sulphate. A red-
brown coating of copper metal is formed on the surface of the iron metal. This displacement
reaction occurs because iron is more reactive than copper.

53. Identify the substances that are oxidised and the substances that are reduced in the following
reactions.
i. 4Na(s) + O2 (g) → 2Na2O(s)
ii. CuO(s) + H2(g) → Cu(s) + H2O(l)

i. 4Na(s) + O2 (g) → 2Na2O(s)

Here oxygen is added to sodium. The addition of oxygen is Called oxidation. So the substance that
is oxidized is sodium Na.

ii. CuO(s) + H2(g) → Cu(s) + H2O(l)

In this reaction, copper oxide (CuO) gives the oxygen required for the oxidation of hydrogen;
therefore, copper oxide is the oxidizing agent. Hydrogen is responsible for removing oxygen from
copper oxide; therefore, hydrogen is the reducing agent here.

One mark Questions

1. When crystals of lead nitrate are heated strongly in a dry test tube
(a) crystals immediately melt
(b) a brown residue is left
(c) white fumes appear in the test tube
(d) a yellow residue is left

(b)Pungent smelling, brown fumes are evolved due to NO2 gas and brown coloured residue of
lead oxide (PbO) is left.

2. A dilute ferrous sulphate solution was gradually added to the beaker containing acidified
permanganate solution. The light purple colour of the solution fades and finally disappears.
Which of the following is the correct explanation for the observation?
(a) KMnO4 is an oxidising agent, it oxidises FeSO4
(b) FeSO4 acts as an oxidising agent and oxidises KMnO4
(c) The colour disappears due to dilution, no reaction is involved
(d) KMnO4 is an unstable compound and decomposes in the presence of FeSO4 to a colourless
compound

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(a)Potassium permanganate (KMnO4) in the presence of dil. H2SO4, i.e. in acidic medium, acts as
a strong oxidising agent. In acidic medium, KMnO4 oxidises ferrous sulphate to ferric sulphate.

3. Dilute hydrochloric acid is added to granulated zinc taken in a test tube. The following
observations are recorded. Point out the correct observation.
(a) The surface of metal becomes shining
(b) The reaction mixture turns milky
(c) Odour of a pungent smelling gas is recorded
(d) A colourless and odourless gas is evolved

(d)Zinc metal reacts with dil. HCl to form zinc chloride and bubbles of colourless and odourless
hydrogen gas is evolved.

4. When a magnesium ribbon is burnt in air, the ash formed is

(a) black
(b) white
(c) yellow
(d) pink
(b)When a Mg ribbon is burnt in air, the ash formed is of magnesium oxide which is white in
colour.
2Mg(r) + O2(g) → 2MgO(f)
5. Three beakers labelled as A, B and C each containing 25 mL of water were taken. A small
amount of NaOH, anhyd. CuSO4 and NaCl were added to the beakers A, B and C,
respectively. It was observed that there was an increase in the temperature of the solutions
contained in beakers A and B whereas, in case of beaker C, the temperature of the solution
falls. Which one of the following statements is/are correct?
I. In beakers A and B, exothermic process has occurred.
II. In beakers A and B, endothermic process has occurred.
III. In beaker C, the exothermic process has occurred.
IV. In beaker C, endothermic process has occurred.

(a) Only I
(b) Only II
(c) I and IV
(d) II and III

(c) As in case of beakers A and B, heat is given out, so temperature became high, hence it is an
exothermic reaction while in beaker C, heat is absorbed from water, so temperature falls, hence it
is an endothermic process.

6. Which of the following will be required to identify the gas evolved when dilute hydrochloric
acid reacts with zinc metal?
(a) Red litmus paper
(b) pH paper
(c) Lime water
(d) A burning splinter

(d) On reacting with dil. HCl, zinc metal forms zinc chloride and hydrogen gas is evolved.

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Presence of hydrogen gas can be checked by a burning splinter because H4 gas burnt in a splinter
with a pop sound.

7. On immersing an iron nail in CuSO4 solution for few minutes, you will observe that
(a) no reaction takes place
(b) the colour of solution fades away
(c) the surface of iron nails acquire a black coating
(d) the colour of solution changes to green

(b)Fe(s) + CuSO4 (aq) → FeSO4 (aq) + Cu(s)

Fe is present above in the reactivity series of metals. Hence, Fe displaces Cu from CuSO4 solution.
And the colour of the solution fades away. This is an example of displacement reaction.

8. What happens when ferrous sulphate crystals are heated?

(a) A gas having the smell of burning sulphur is evolved
(b) No gas is evolved
(c) Brown coloured gas is evolved
(d) Colourless and odourless gas is evolved

(a)The green colour of ferrous sulphate crystals changes to brownish black ferric oxide and smell
of burning sulphur is evolved due to SO2 and SO3.

9. The colour of the precipitate formed when barium chloride solution is mixed with sodium
sulphate solution is
(a) blue
(b) black
(c) white
(d) green

(c)This is an example of a double displacement reaction and a white precipitate of barium

sulphate is formed.

10. How the colour changes when the gases after thermal decomposition of ferrous sulphate
come in contact with an acidified solution of potassium dichromate?
(a) Green to orange
(b) Red to colorless
(c) Orange to green
(d) Blue to green

(c) The color changes from orange to green due to the formation of iron (III) sulphate

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