Islamiyat FINALS NOTES

by Saad Arfan, BCS-1B

INDEX (JUMP TO):
1st topic: SALAH

2nd topic: ZAKAAT

3rd topic: SAWM

4th topic: HAJJ

5th topic: Surah Hujjuraat

First Topic: SALAH (2ND PILLAR)

Namaaz Charts:
Prayer Sunnat Fardh Sunnat Nafil Wajib Nafil Total
Fajr 2 (M) 2 4
Zuhr 4 (M) 4 2 2 12
Asr 4 (GM) 4 8
Maghrib 3 2 (M) 2 7
Isha 4 (GM) 4 2 (M) 2 3 (Witr) 2 17
Jummah 4 (M) 2 4 (M) 2 14
2 (GM)
(M) : Muakkadah | (GM): Ghair Muakkadah

Prayer Detail
Eid ➢ 2 raka’at wajib + 6 extra takbeerat
➢ No azan and iqamah
➢ No nafil / sunnat after and before.
Taraveeh ➢ Sunnat-e-muakkada for both Male and
Female in Ramadan only.
➢ Its twenty rakaat are performed after the
farz and sunnat of esha.
➢ 20 rakaats with 10 salaams are masnoon.
➢ Make niyyat for two rakaats of taraveeh
each time.
➢ Witr after taraveeh.
Janazah 4 takbeerat Farz, no Azaan and Iqamah

Nawafil/ Nafils:

Nafil Time and Rakaat

Tahiyyatul Wudhu 2 after every wudhu
Tahiyyatul Masjid 2 Whenever entering mosque
Ishra’aq 2 or 4 rakaat 10-12 min. after sunrise
 Chasht (2-12 rakaat) 1.5 hours after sunrise
Awwabeen (6-20 rakaat) After Farz & Sunnat of maghrib
Tahajjud (2-12 rakaats) After midnight nearer to Fajr
Salatut Tasbeeh Anytime except Makrooh times
4 rakaat
‫سبحان ہللا والحمد لل ول الہ ال ہللا ولل اکب‬
recite this 300 times total

Timings of Namaaz:

Namaz Starting Time Preferred Time Ending Time

Fajr After Subah Sadiq Delay till spreading of Till Sunrise
(Early Dawn) light
Thuhr After Zawwal Delay in Summer, Length of shadow
(Afternoon) speed up in winter twice object’s length
minus original shadow
Asr After End of Thuhr Delay till anyone can Till sunset
offer 2 /4 Rakaat nafl
Maghrib After Sunset ASAP after sunset Whiteness in horizon
gone (1-1.5 hours after
sunset)
Isha After Maghrib end 1/3 of night passed Till subah sadiq

Prohibited Times: Sunrise | Sunset | Zenith

EXCEPT:

Asr (can be done until Sunset) | Namaaz e Janazah | Sajdah Tilawah

Makrooh Times (no nafil in these times):

Subah Sadiq to sunrise | After Fazr of Asr, till sun turns red

EXCEPT:

Namaaz e Janazah | Sajdah Tilaawah | Qazah

Conditions of Namaaz:
‫( ر‬Salaah not accepted if any of these not met)):
(called SHARAA’IT (‫)شائط‬

• Wudhu if needed
• Ghusl if needed
• Taharah (cleanliness) of body, dress, and place.
• Face Qiblah.
• Cover the Satr (private parts).
• Niyyah (intention) for Namaaz.
• Perform it at proper times.
 • Conditions during Namaaz (Arkaan, necessary, salah not accepted otherwise):
• Takbeere Tahrima.
• Qiyaam (Standing Position).
• Qiraat (Recite at Least Three Aayat or one long aayat
• Ruku (To Bow Down).
• Both The Sajdahs (Prostrate).
• Qaa’dah Akheerah (To Sit Long enough At The End Of The Last Rakaat That One Can Read The
Tashahhud)

Waajibaat of Namaaz:
(Necessary to complete namaaz)

(If one unknowingly omitted, or delayed this mistake can be compensated by performing sajda sahw
(‫) )وہس ہ دجس‬

1. Qiraat in first 2 rakaat of Farz.

2. Surah Faatihah in all rakat except 3rd and 4th of Fard.
3. Recite any small surah or three small aayats or one lengthy aayat after surah faatiha in all the
rakaat of each namaz (sunnat, Nafil & first 2 rakaat of farz)
4. To read sura fatiha before any other surah or aayat
5. Maintain order (‫ )ترتیب‬between qiraat, ruku, and sajda
6. Qauma (‫( )قومہ‬standing up erect after ruku)
7. Jalsa (‫( )جلسہ‬sitting between the two sajdas)
8. Ta'deele arkaan (‫ اركان تعدیل‬,(i.e. Performing each action properly with contentment)
9. Qaadah-oolaa (‫ )اویل قعدہ‬sitting to the extent of saying tashahhud (‫ )تشہد‬after two rakaats in
namaaz of three or four rakaats
10. To read tashahhud in the two qai'daas.
11. To recite qiraat aloud in fajr, maghrib, esha, jumuah, eidain and taraweeh in ramadaan by the
imam. The imam should recite zohar and asr silently
12. To end the namaaz by saying ‘(‫)السالمعلیکمورحمۃہللا‬
13. To say takbeer (‫ )اللہاکب‬for qunoot in witr namaaz and recite dua-e-qunoot
14. To say six additional takbeers in both eid namaaz

Sunnat of Namaaz (Actions performed by Prophet, do to get full reward):

1) To raise the hands up to ears before saying takbeere tahreema.
2) Everybody leaving fingers open, at ease, and facing the qiblah.
3) Don’t bow head when saying takbeer.
4) Loud recitation of all takbeers (‫ )ہللا اکب‬by the Imam.
5) In qiyaam (‫ )قیام‬place right hand upon left hand and men place them below navel.
6) Saying (ٔ ‫)ثنا‬
7) To recite ta'awwuz. (‫)اعوذ باہللا من الشیطن الرجیم‬
8) To recite the complete bismillah.
9) To recite only surah fatiha in the third and fourth rakaats of fardh namaaz.
 10) To recite ‫تعوذ‬, ‫ أثن‬and ‫ آمي‬after fatiha softly.
11) To recite as much qiraat as is sunnat for every namaaz.
12) To say ‫ تسبیح‬thrice in ruku and sajdah.
13) To keep the back and the head in same level while holding the knees with fingers of
both the hands in ruku.
14) To say by ‫ سمع ہللا لمن حمدہ‬by imam only and then ‫ ربنا لک الحمد‬by both imam and (‫)مقتدی‬
muqtadi
In ‫ قومہ‬:
15) The munfarid (‫ )منفرد‬should say both (‫ )تسمیع‬and (‫)تحمید‬
16) In sajdah prostrate on the ground with your knees first, then both hands then fore-head
touches the ground.
17) During jalsa and qaidah place both hands on thighs in the sitting position.
18) In ‫ تشہد‬raise the fore-finger of the right hand at ‫ اشہد ان ل الہ‬and down at ‫ال ہللا‬
19) Drood shareef after ‫تشہد‬.
20) Dua after Drood shareef.
21) For salaam, first turn to the right side and then to the left side.

Mustahab (preferable acts):

➢ Palms out of the sleeve during takbeere tahreema.
➢ Saying tasbih more than three times in ruku and sajdah by munfarid.
➢ Keep the eyes towards the place of sajdah in qiyaam | at the toes in ruku | towards the lap in
qa'idah and jalsa | at the shoulders while turning for salaam.
➢ Best to not cough
➢ Try to not open your mouth so big you dislocate your jaw when yawning, but if it’s impossible to
mu band, and your mouth opens, then cover it by the upper portion of the right hand in qiyaam
and by the left hand otherwise.

Mufsidaat (Things that break your namaaz):

➢ To talk in namaaz intentionally or not. Even a few words invalidate the namaaz.
➢ To greet a person by (‫ )علیکم السالم‬or by any other way during namaaz.
➢ To reply to greetings or saying (‫ )یرحمک ہللا‬to one who sneezes and saying ameen to a dua not
connected to his namaaz.
➢ To say (‫ ) انالل وانا الیہ راجعون‬on some sad news or alhamdulillah or subhanallah on hearing some
good or strange news.
➢ To make noise or say "OH!" Or "AAAH!" Due to pain etc.
➢ Correcting the qiraat of a person other than his own imam.
➢ To recite the quraan by looking at the text.
➢ To do such an act which gives the impression to spectators that he is partaking in tomfoolery,
not namaaz This, is called amale katheer.
➢ Eating or drinking intentionally or not.
➢ Turning the chest away from the qibla without any excuse.
➢ Doing sajda at a Najis place.
➢ Delay in covering the satr (private parts) when uncovered to the extent of performing one rukn
in namaaz.
 ➢ Laughing out loud (LOLing)
➢ Stepping ahead of the imaam during the namaaz.
➢ Making some immense error (‫ )لحن جیل‬in the qiraat of The Holy Quran.

Makrooh Acts (Lose full reward, but no need to repeat prayer)

➢ Saying namaaz BARE-HEADED due to LAZINESS or CARELESSNESS and exposing arms
above the elbows.
➢ Playing with clothes or the body (tomfoolery again)
➢ Performing Namaaz in clothes in which people do not ordinarily like to go out.
➢ Dusting the floor with one's hands to prevent the soiling of clothes.
➢ Performing Namaaz when one has the urge to urinate or pass stool.
➢ Cracking fingers or putting of fingers of one hand into fingers of the other hand.
➢ Turning the face away from qibla and looking around.
➢ Men resting both the arms and wrists on the ground in sajdah (like dog).
➢ Performing namaaz when another person facing him sits in front
➢ Yawning intentionally and not preventing it, if one can do it
➢ Closing eyes, but allowed for concentration.
➢ Adult standing alone behind a saff (row) when there is place in the saff before him.
➢ Praying with clothes with pictures of living objects on them.
➢ Praying where there is a picture of a living object above, on the right or left side of the namaazi
or on the place where he makes sajdah.
➢ To count things on fingers in namaaz.
➢ Praying with a sheet or clothes wrapped on the body in such a way that it’s hard to free the
hands quickly.
➢ Yawning and stretching arms to remove laziness.
➢ Doing something against sunnat in namaaz.

The Traveler's Namaaz:

➢ In shari'at (‫ ) رشیعہ‬a person intending to travel 77 km (48 miles) or more && intends to stay for less
than 15 days, is a (‫ )مسافر‬musaafir.

➢ A musaafir who intends remaining at his destination for 15+ days is only musaafir during journey. Not
once destination is reached.

➢ A musaafir should make qasr (‫ قرص‬/ shortening) of the zohar, asr and esha (farz only), i.e. One must
perform two farz only instead of four rak'aats.

➢ No qasr in the farz of fajr and maghrib. Also no qasr for witr, sunnat or nafil salaat.

➢ A musaafir who performs his namaaz behind a muqeem imam (‫( ) مقیم‬Not musaafir) should perform
the full four rakaats in the Thuhr , Asr and Isha farz.

➢ If the imaam is a musaafir and muktadi is muqeem, the musaafir imaam should complete his namaaz
after two rakaats THEN he must tells muqeem muktadis to complete their namaaz by saying:
"complete your namaaz, i am a musaafir"

THEN muqeem muktadis should stand up and complete the remaining two rakaats without reciting
surah faatiha or any other surah

Salaat with Jamaat:

Jamaat is the performing of salaat by 2+ people collectively.

Jamaat has minimum two people: the imam and muqtadi.

muqtadi should stand at the right of the imaam in such a manner that the toes of the muqtadi should be
in line to the ankle of the imaam.

➢ To perform the five daily salaat with jamaat is waajib.

➢ The reward of jamaat in the masjid is 27 times greater than performing alone.

➢ Muslims meet five times a day and this creates love and unity.

➢ It is not wajib upon women, children, sick persons, those nursing the sick, very old people and the
blind to attend the jamaat.

Misconception About Namaz

× No use of Namaaz if it can’t stop yu from sinning (theft in weighing and measuring, cheating,
oppressing subordinates etc..)

×If you cannot be an ideal Muslim even after Namaz, it is better to remain non-worshipper.

(Example from Sir Hassan: )

➢ If a patient doesn’t take medicines according to the prescription, can we say it is better for him to
leave the treatment?

➢ Who is guilty, the patient or the medicine?

➢ The question “if we don’t become an ideal Muslim even after Namaz is it better to remain non-
worshipper?” Such question will raise on all Ebadaats too, but it is not correct.
Hadith and Aayat of SALAH Topic:
 BACK TO INDEX

SECOND TOPIC: ZAKAAT (3rd PILLAR)

Definition of Zakaat:
Literally means purify/increase

Technically means to purify your wealth by paying prescribed amount to the poor as I’baadat

Benefits of Zakaat:

➢ It keeps one away from sin and saves the giver from moral ill arising from the love and greed for
wealth.

➢ Through Zakaat the poorer class (those who are not capable of providing for themselves) are being
cared for (such as widows, orphans, the disabled, the poor and the needy)

➢ Increase and Barakat in wealth

➢ Pleasing Allah

➢ Protection from loss.

➢ Gain Allah's forgiveness.

➢ Safety from calamities.

➢ Protection from the wrath of Allah and a bad death.

➢ Provides a shelter on the Day of Judgment.

➢ Security from 70 misfortunes.

➢ Protection from Jahannam.

Punishment for Not Giving Zakaat

Aayah:

➢ "Allah destroys wealth obtained from interest and will give increase for deed of charity.”(Surah
Baqarah: 276)
➢"And there are those who hoard gold and silver and do not spend it in the way of Allah, announce to
them a most grievous penalty (when) on the day of qiyaamah heat will be produced out of that wealth
in the fire of jahannam, then with it they will be branded on their foreheads and their flanks and backs.
(It will be said to them) this is the treasure which you hoarded for yourselves, taste then the treasure
that you had been hoarding." (Surah Taubah: 34)

Hadith:

➢ "The nation that does not give Zakaat, Allah will bring about a drought on them (i.e. necessities of life
will become scarce).“

➢ "The persons on whom Allah has bestowed wealth, and he does not give Zakaat, on the Day of
qiyaamah his wealth will be turned into a venomous bald serpent which will wind around his neck and
bite his jaws and say: "l am your wealth, l am your treasure." (Bukhari)

Important points of Zakaat

➢Zakaat was made compulsory at Makkah at the same time as salaat.

➢Its details were defined in Madinah in 2nd hijri.

➢The laws of zakaat are mentioned in the surah tauba.

➢Zakaat is an ibaadat, not a government tax. It’s a financial contribution to help those poor people who
dislike begging.

➢In case of liabilities (debt etc) the amount will be deducted before zakat calculation.

For whom is Zakaat Obligatory?

Must be: SANE & ADULT & MUSLIM & FREE (NOT SLAVE) & Qualify as NISAAB (Amnt. Of wealth that
makes a person liable for Zakaat. Such a person is Sahib-e-Nisaab)

Key factors of Nisaab

The money:

Must be fully owned by him

Must be owned by the person for one lunar year at least

Must be in excess of his personal needs (Not just food, refrigeration, clothing, tools of trade, phone,
vehicle, etc. as well)

Must be of productive nature from which person can make a profit such as merchandise for business,
gold, silver, livestock, etc.
 Amount of Nisaab Gold Silver Cash Business Assets
Grams 87.48 g 612.36 g Equivalent to Equivalent to
612.36 g of silver 612.36 g of silver
Tolas 7.5 52.5

➢Nisab of Gold is considered when a person has only Gold, and Nisab of Silver is for only Silver.

➢If a person who has different types of Nisab (e.g. gold + assets or gold + silver + cash etc.) the Zakat
should be based on cost of silver. i.e. 612.36gm / 52.5 Tolas.

➢Rate of zakat is 2.5 % (1/40) which is fixed by Rasoolullah (SW).

Things on which Zakaat is not Obligatory

➢Artificial Jewellery or any metal other than Gold and Silver (Au and Ag)

➢Furniture and fixture of shop / house

➢Diamonds and semi-precious stones in personal use

➢Living Quarters, crockery, personal vehicles and clothes (in use or not)

➢Machinery used in factory, but not what’s MADE by the machines

Differentiating between Merchant and User:

Zakaat is Obligatory on: But not on:

Books for a book seller Books owner, even if he has his

personal library

Laptop for a laptop seller Laptop Owner, even if he owns a 10 lakh

gaming laptop

Who invests on real estate to Who owns real estate (personal use)

increase or save his wealth

Intention of Zakaat
Niyyat is necessary when giving Zakaat

Not need to tell recipient you are giving them Zakaat

Can be given as a gift to a needy person (intention still there)

If you put aside money with niyyah for Zakaat, and forget niyyah at giving time, Zakaat valid
 Recipients of Zakaat

8 recipients are:

Fuqaraa (poor): Wealth less than Nisaab (daily needs met)|

Masakeen (needy): Little to no posessions, extremely needy, forced to beg |

Aamileen (zakat collectors): appointed by an islamic head of state or government (may not be needy) |

Riqaab (slave freeing): Slaves that have agreement with masters to buy their own freedom and allowed
to work |

Ghaarimeen (debtors): Those in debt and do not have enough to pay back (debt must NOT be from
sinful act like gambling) |

Mu-Allafatul-quloob (non-muslims): Recent converts whose faith will be strengthened if helped by

fellow muslims|

Fee Sabeelillah (Cause of Allah): person that has to carry out a Farz deed which has become obligatory
on them and (due to loss of wealth) are unable to complete that Farz. |

Ibn-us-Sabeel (wayfarers): Travelers (in view of Shar’iah ) and currently do not possess enough money
for basic necessities, though they may be rich in their homeland

Who CAN we give Zakaat to?

If they do not possess nisaab

Siblings (BRO AND SIS)

Nephew

Niece (Children of siblings)

Uncle

Aunt (Both father and mother side)

Step Grampa, Step Gramma, Father in Law and Mother in Law

Who CAN’T we give Zakaat to?

Syed ( Descendants of the Holy Prophet)

Alavis

Children of:

Hazrat Haris (Harisi) | Hazrat Abbas (Abbasi) |Hazrat Jafar (Jaafari) | Hazrat Aqeel (Aqeeli)

Non-Muslims

Deceased loan

Non – Muslims

Parents and grandparents (Roots) as well as offspring ( children and grandchildren / branches)

Organizations of charity that do not give it to rightful recipients.

BACK TO INDEX

THIRD TOPIC: SAWM/FASTING (4TH PILLAR)

Definition of Sawm:
Literal: To Abstain

In Islamic terms: Abstain from eating, drinking, intercourse while performing worship from Subah Sadiq
to Sunset

Importance of Fasting:
 Types of Fasting:
Obligatory Fasting of Ramadan
Wajib Qadah of Ramadan
Fasting of Nazar
Makrooh Fasting on days of Eid ul Fitr and Eid ul Adha
Sunnat / Nafil 13th, 14th and 15th of every Islamic month
Every Monday and Thursday
9th and 10th of Muharram
N 1st to 9th Zill Hijjah
6 days of Shawwal

Important points of Fasting:

Obligatory on every sane, adult, Muslim person

Ramadan is a lunar month, so its start and end depend on rising of the moon

Report of a reliable religious man is enough evidence

In case of cloudy weather many Muslims need to testify

If ‘Moon is not seen on the 29th, then you must complete 30 days fasting.

Disbeliever of fasting is a Non Muslim.

Whoever doesn’t observe fasting without any excuse is committing a big sin

There are several people who do not get anything from fasting except thirst and hunger (Hadith).

Almighty ALLAH says (in Hadith e Qudsi): “It is exclusively for Me & I shall Myself give its reward”.
 Who is allowed to not fast?
Sick people that will fast after being cured

Travelers (77 km / 48 miles away from home) who will fast after returning home

Who has to pay Fidya?

If anyone cannot fast due to weakness, poor health, or old age, they must pay fidya equal to 1.75 kg
wheat.

Atonement of fasting
(For people who break fast after keeping it (no valid reason))

1 fast as Qadha AND one of the following:

Free a slave

Fast 60 consecutive days (if cycle breaks, restart)

Feed 60 needy people two times in a day. (Or one person 2 meals for 60 days)

If someone ate or drank without remembering his fast, the fast does not break

But if someone at / drank something by accident while remembering the fast (eg: swallowing water
during wudhu), fast is broken but atonement is not needed
 Benefits of Fasting:
Piety | Sincerity and Devotion to Allah | Sympathy for the needy | Self control | Spiritual Evolution

Sadqa – e – Fitr:
1.75 (approx. to 2) kg of wheat.

Double the weight for barley, dates and raisins

Better to give their worth in money

Compulsory to give Sadqa-e-fitr before Eid Namaz

Sadqa e Fitr of one man can be distributed to more than one person and vice versa.

Everybody will have to pay for his own behalf and on behalf of all his dependents, including a new born
baby who is born before Eid Namaz.

The MASARIF (eligible) of zakat are also the MASARIF of Sadqa e Fitr.

BACK TO INDEX

FOURTH TOPIC: Pilgrimage (Hajj)

Definition of Hajj:
Literal: Intend to visit someplace

In Islamic Terms: To make intention to visit Baytullah at a specific month, in specific days with specific
acts

Virtue of Hajj:
The Prophet said:

Umra is an expiation for the sins committed between it and the previous Umra; and the reward of Hajj
Mabrur (i.e., one accepted) is nothing but Jannah (Sahih Bukhari and Muslim)

Whoever performs hajj and does not commit any obscenity nor commit any evil, will return as sinless as
a new-born child (Sahih Bukhari)

Alternate between Hajj and Umrah, for these two remove poverty and obliterate sins just as the
blacksmith's bellows removes all impurities from metals like iron, gold and silver. The reward for Hajj
Mabrur is nothing short of Paradise. (Nasa’i and Tirmidhi)
 Preparation for Hajj:
> Sincerity

> Repentance from all past sins.

> Resolve any disputes and seek forgiveness from others.

> Pay/record all debts.

> Write/update your will.

> Make sure the wealth to be used for Hajj is from Halal sources.

> Choose the company of the righteous.

> Learn as much as possible about Hajj and Umrah, Fiqh and “how to”

> Understand its meanings, spiritual and historical aspects.

Months of Hajj:
Shawwal | Dhul – Qidhah | Dhul-Hijjah

Days of Hajj:
8 – 12 Dhul Hijjah

8th is called: day of Tarwiyah | 9th is called: day of Arafah | 10th is called: day of Nahr

IMPORTANT TERMS

Ihraam:

➢ Literally means declaring something unlawful upon yourself.

➢ In Shariah it means making lawful things unlawful upon yourself entering into Ihraam. For example,
cutting the hair or the nails, using Itar or wearing sewn clothes and covering the head for males.

➢ Ihraam is a state in which a person enters into after wearing two sheets of cloth, THEN making
intention and reciting Talbiyah.

➢ A person in Ihraam is called a Muhrim.

➢ Ihraam is not the two sheets themselves, as it is commonly misunderstood.

➢ Women should wear their regular clothes and observe normal Purdah (veil) without any cloth
touching their faces.

Talbiyah:

➢ After intention is made, recite aloud:

‫ل رشيك لك‬،‫إن الحمد والنعمۃ لك والملك‬،‫لبيك ل رشيك لك لبيك‬،‫لبيك اللهم لبيك‬

“Here I am O Allah, here I am. Here I am, there is no partner with You, here I am. Verily all praise is for
You, and every bounty is from You, and all dominion is Yours - You have no partner”

➢Talbiyah should be continued until you see the Ka’bah (or until the Ramy of the largest Jamrah in the
case of Hajj).

➢ Make Talbiyah especially:

While descending or ascending during travel | When joining a party of people | After every Salat

In the morning and evening.

Preparation of Ihram:

➢ Clip your nails and remove under-arm and pubic hair.

➢ Make ghusl (shower). If not possible then, do wudhu and make intention that this is to enter into
Ihraam.

➢ Put on the two sheets of cloth.

➢ Use Itar (Sunnah) without leaving any visible signs on the sheets of Ihraam.

➢ If it is not makrooh time then perform two rakaats of Ihraam (Sunnah), with the head and shoulders
covered.

➢ Males should remove their head cover until free from Ihraam. Most captains on Muslim airlines make
an announcement before entering miqaat (boundary for ihram).

➢ Make the following intention for Umrah only and not Hajj:

Recite the following Talbiyah three times, audibly for males and in a low voice for females. Recite
Durood Shareef and make Dua.

➢ You are now in the state of Ihraam and all restrictions of Ihraam apply.
 Prohibitions of Ihram:
Clothing:

➢ For men: Any sewn clothes such as a shirt, turban, hooded cloak, trousers, undergarments, socks or
shoes, etc not allowed. Women can wear normal clothes, but without covering face or hands.

➢ No gloves, but wrapping hands in cloth allowed.

➢ Men cannot cover their head with something that touches it.

Fragrance:

Don’t perfume yourself, clothing, food or drink after entering Ihram. Also abstain from cleansing
yourself with scented soap.

No harm in what remains of the effect of perfume used before Ihram.

Cleansing:

DO NOT

➢ Remove any hair from any part of the body.

➢ Clip nails.

➢ Kill lice.

➢ Scholars differ about taking a bath, unless it is for Janabah (wet dream). But it is reported that the
Prophet (S.A.W.) took a bath while in a state of Ihram

Hunting:

DO NOT:

➢ Hunt or help someone hunt

➢ Kill animals except those that are harmful or that would attack people, such as mice, snakes and
scorpions.

Intercourse

➢ All matters leading to it such as kissing, touching, or talking with one's wife/husband about it or
related matters

Mawaqeet:

➢ Mawaqeet (‫ )مواقيت‬is plural of Meeqat (‫)ميقات‬, geographical boundary that a person intending Hajj or
Umra may not cross without assuming Ihram for Hajj, Umra, or both.
➢ A Muslim intending Hajj or Umra who crosses the Meeqat without Ihram must return to the Meeqat
and make Ihram from there. If they do not return and make Ihram from the Meeqat, then they must
offer an animal sacrifice (Fidya). (they: either he or she)

Tawaf:
STEPS:

➢Start from the Black Stone ‫حجراسود‬, with the Ka’bah being to your left.

➢Go around the Ka’bah past the Black Stone seven times.

➢Kiss the Black Stone or say Takbeer every time you pass by it. (i.e. every circuit)

Two Sunnahs apply to this Tawaf (both for men only):

Ar-Ramal

A strong and quick walk with boldness, in which the shoulders are thrust forwards in the first three
rounds, then walk normally in the rest.

Al-Idtiba

Wearing the Ihram under your right armpit and over the left shoulder throughout the seven rounds of
Tawaf.

Sa’y between Safah and Marwah:

➢ Start with the Safa

➢ Make Dhikr and Du’a

➢ Walk to the Marwa (first lap)

➢ On the Marwa, do the same as on the Safa

➢ Walk back to the Safa (second lap)

➢ Complete seven laps in the same manner

➢ Finish at the Marwa

KINDS OF HAJJ

Tamattu:
Means ‘to profit’

Before passing miqaat, intention is only made for Umrah, not Hajj.

After arriving in Makkah and performing the rites of Umrah, the hair is shaved and the Ihraam of Umrah
finishes.

Without going back to the homeland, on the 8th of Zil Hijjah enter into Ihraam with the intention of Hajj
only and complete the rites of Hajj.

This is Hajj-e-Tammatu. A performer of this type of Hajj is a Mutammat’e.

Qiran:
Means to join two things together (In this case, To join Umrah and Hajj
by entering into Ihraam with the intention of performing both)

A performer of this type of Hajj is known as a Qaarin

After performing Umrah, the individual will have to remain in Ihraam until Hajj is complete.
 Ifrad:

Means to ‘do single’

In Shariah, Hajj-e-Ifraad is to make intention for only Hajj before

passing miqaat and entering into Ihraam with this intention.

Umrah should not be performed at all in the months of Hajj.

A performer of this type of Hajj is known as a Mufrid

Compulsory acts of Hajj:

NOTE: All these acts must be performed at appropriate time and place. If not, Hajj is invalid (no penalty
available to make up for loss)

1) Ihram for Hajj: ‫احرام‬

To make intention for Hajj from the heart and to say Talbiyah.

2) Staying at Arafah: ‫عرفه وقوف‬

To stay in Arafah for any period of time from the Zawwal of the 9th Zil Hijjah up to the Subh
Sadiq of the 10th Zil Hijjah.

3) Tawaaf Ziyaarah: ‫زيارت طواف‬

Tawaaf which is done after shaving or trimming the hair from the Subh Sadiq of the 10th Zil
Hijjah up to the of the 12th Zil Hijjah.

Wajibaat of Hajj:
NOTE (Missing such things can be compensated to make Hajj valid but only repentance will absolve sin
of missing Wajib act):

1) Staying at Muzdalifah (‫ )مزدلفه وقوف‬after Subh Sadiq

2) Sa’y between Safaa and Marwah.

3) Rami Jimaar (‫ )جمار رم‬Pelting Shaytaan for 3 days (10, 11 and 12).

4) Qurbani (Dam-e-Shukr) for a person performing Qiraan and Tammatu.

5) Shaving or trimming the hair of the head

6) Tawaaf Widaa.‫وداع طواف‬

 8th Zill Hijjah:
Before Fajr Salaah:

1) Make ghusl, pray two rakaats (Sunnah) and wear the sheets of Ihraam.

2) Making the following intention of Hajj only: “Oh Allah, I make intention for Hajj. So, make it easy for
me and accept it from me” and Recite Talbiyah.

3) Perform Fajr (of 8th zul-hajj) and Leave for Mina after sunrise.

9th Zill Hijjah:

In Mina:

➢ Fajr (of 9th zul-hajj ) in Mina.

➢ Leave Mina for Arafat after sunrise.

➢ Pray Zuhr and Asar on their prescribed times (if required, pray in the tents)

➢Zuhr and Asar will only be prayed together at Zohar time when you pray in Masjid Nimrah behind

Imam-e-Hajj

➢ Cannot leave Arafah before sunset (sunnat).

➢ Leave for Muzdalifah after sunset without praying Maghrib.

10th Zill Hijjah

 In Muzdalifah:

1) Pray Maghrib and Isha at Isha time with one adhaan and one Iqamah. (Pray both of the fardh Salaah
first then the remaining of Maghrib then Isha)

2) Collect at least 70 Pebbles. (‫)كنکرياں‬

3) Making wuqoof (‫( )مزدلفه وقوف‬Wajib) after Subh Sadiq until sunrise.

4) Stay overnight in Muzdalifah until Subh Sadiq (Sunnah) and make Dua etc.

5) Pray Fajr and leave for Mina.

 In Mina:

1. Rami/stoning of the Big Shaytaan. (Wajib), Masnoon time is from sunrise till zawwal. It is permissible
after zawal until Maghrib and makrooh after Maghrib, but not makrooh for the elderly, sick and women.

2) Qurbani of Hajj (Wajib).

3) Shave or trim the hair (Sunnah in Mina). The head must be shaved even if there is no hair on the
head. (Wajib)

(Now you are free from the restrictions of Ihraam and can dress into normal sewn clothes and the head
can be covered, but maritial relations are not permissible until after Tawaaf Ziyaarah.

4) Perform all Salaahs on time.

5) Leave for Makkah

 In Makkah:

1) Tawaaf e Ziyaarah (Fardh)

2) Do Sa’ee (Wajib)

➢ Put on normal clothes if not dressed yet.

➢ Return to Mina.

➢ Sunnah to spend the night in Mina. Perform all Salaahs on time. No other rite.

11th Zill Hijjah:

| In Mina |

➢ Rami of all three Shayateen after zawwal in sequence. (small to big) (Sunnah until Maghrib and makrooh until
Subh Sadiq but not makrooh for the women, elderly and the sick)

➢ Mustahab to make Dua after pelting the small and middle Shaytaan.

➢ All Salaahs on time.

12th Zill Hijjah:

| in Mina |

➢ Rami of all three Shayateen after zawal in sequence. (small to big)

➢ Sunnah until Maghrib and makrooh until Subh Sadiq but not makrooh

for the women, elderly and the sick.

➢ Mustahab to make Dua after pelting the small and middle Shaytaan.

➢ You may leave for Makkah before sunset (It is makrooh to leave after sunset, but not makrooh for the
elderly, sick and women)

➢ If one stays in Mina until Subh Sadiq then the Rami of the 13th Zil Hijjah will be Wajib.
 BACK TO INDEX

FIFTH TOPIC (SURAH HUJJURAAT)

Quick Notes (Verses in slides) (M.P.: main point | verses are in “bold quotes”):

Chapter # 49 • Total verses – 18 • Revealed in Madinah

➢ Manners regarding Prophet Muhammad ‫ﷺ‬, and as well as for parents, teachers and elders:

• Avoid to proceed ahead of Prophet ‫ صیل ہللا عليه وسلم‬,in walking or talking (M.P. of 1st verse).

• Avoid to raise voice in front of him ‫( ﷺ‬M.P. of 2nd verse).

• 3rd verse appreciates believers who submit to Allah and lower their voices

Avoid to

• Call him in the relaxation time

• Call him from outside the house and

• Call him by his name. (M.P.s of 4th verse)

• Solution (5th verse): They should have waited until the prophet ‫ صیل ہللا عليه وسلم‬himself came out of
the house.

(6th verse): About Verifying the report of any person or rumors. “O you who believe, if a sinful person
brings you a report, verify its correctness, lest you should harm a people out of ignorance, and then
become remorseful on what you did.”

(7th verse): Importance of consultation. (mushaawiraat) and its ways.

(8th verse): “As a grace from Allah, and as a blessing. And Allah is all-knowing, all-wise.”

(9th verse): Reconciliation between muslims:

“ ➢If two groups of the believers fight each other, see reconciliation between them.

➢And if one of them commits aggression against the other, fight the one that commits aggression
until it comes back to Allah’s command.

➢So if it comes back, seek reconciliation between them with fairness, and maintain justice.

➢Surely Allah loves those who maintain justice.”

(10th verse): “All believers are but brothers, therefore seek reconciliation between your two brothers,
and fear Allah, so that you may be blessed with mercy.”

(11th and 12th verse M.P.s):

1) Avoid to scoff at each other

2) Avoid to Finding faults within each other.

3) Avoid to call each other by bad nicknames.

(13th verse M.P.): • Islam and Racism • Importance of piety • Status of tribes or families

“O mankind, We have created you from a male and a female, and made you into races and tribes, so
that you may identify one another. Surely the noblest of you, in Allah’s sight, is the one who is most
pious of you. Surely Allah is All-Knowing, All-Aware.”

(Only 1-13 included in final)

BACK TO INDEX